Knowledge (XXG)

Protospinax

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44: 64: 611: 278: 414:
Jambura, Patrick L.; Villalobos-Segura, Eduardo; Türtscher, Julia; Begat, Arnaud; Staggl, Manuel Andreas; Stumpf, Sebastian; Kindlimann, René; Klug, Stefanie; Lacombat, Frederic; Pohl, Burkhard; Maisey, John G.; Naylor, Gavin J. P.; Kriwet, Jürgen (21 February 2023).
417:"Systematics and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of the Enigmatic Late Jurassic Shark Protospinax annectans Woodward, 1918 with Comments on the Shark–Ray Sister Group Relationship" 557: 618: 711: 696: 686: 681: 652: 691: 544: 384:, but the authors concluded that its exact position within Squalomorphii is ultimately tentative due to a lack of unambiguous supporting traits. 43: 497: 716: 645: 340: 63: 701: 638: 706: 676: 483: 671: 512: 583: 155: 332: 324: 344: 294: 58: 588: 570: 562: 493: 456: 438: 622: 575: 446: 428: 302: 34: 610: 451: 416: 298: 115: 105: 30: 665: 370: 135: 474: 355: 314: 164: 277: 369:
is a difficult taxon to accommodate in taxonomies. A 2023 study found it to be a
377: 359:. Five more species, all known only from isolated teeth, are also assigned to 535: 442: 75: 460: 529: 381: 349: 95: 390:
was a relatively small shark, with the largest uncatalogued specimen of
549: 328: 433: 310: 306: 85: 506: 373: 276: 125: 510: 626: 475:"Phylogenetic relationships of the Late Jurassic shark 492:. München, Germany: Friedrich Pfeil. pp. 9–46. 473:
Marcelo R. de Carvalho & John G. Maisey (1996).
259: 246: 233: 220: 207: 194: 171: 519: 331:. Formerly known from only two specimens, further 394:measuring about 1.63 metres (5.3 ft) long. 479:Woodward 1919 (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii)" 490:Mesozoic Fishes – Systematics and Paleoecology 646: 8: 347:in the 1990s, having been misidentified as 653: 639: 507: 42: 20: 450: 432: 403: 488:. In G. Arratia & G. Viohl (ed.). 409: 407: 16:Extinct genus of cartilaginous fishes 7: 607: 605: 376:; one analysis placed it closest to 712:Taxa named by Arthur Smith Woodward 697:Early Cretaceous cartilaginous fish 687:Middle Jurassic cartilaginous fish 625:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by 14: 682:Early Jurassic cartilaginous fish 692:Late Jurassic cartilaginous fish 609: 62: 1: 341:Museum of Comparative Zoology 733: 604: 255:Underwood & Ward, 2004 229:Underwood & Ward, 2004 216:Underwood & Ward, 2004 191: 186: 170: 163: 59:Scientific classification 57: 50: 41: 23: 717:Prehistoric shark stubs 339:were discovered at the 293:is an extinct genus of 281:Life reconstruction of 285: 617:This article about a 584:Paleobiology Database 283:Protospinax annectans 280: 176:Protospinax annectans 52:Protospinax annectans 325:Solnhofen limestones 323:, was found in the 238:P. lochensteinensis 345:Harvard University 295:cartilaginous fish 286: 702:Cretaceous sharks 634: 633: 619:prehistoric shark 599: 598: 571:Open Tree of Life 513:Taxon identifiers 434:10.3390/d15030311 275: 274: 269: 256: 243: 230: 217: 204: 159: 724: 655: 648: 641: 613: 606: 592: 591: 579: 578: 566: 565: 553: 552: 540: 539: 538: 508: 503: 487: 465: 464: 454: 436: 411: 333:museum specimens 303:Early Cretaceous 267: 261: 254: 248: 241: 235: 228: 222: 215: 209: 202: 196: 173: 154: 147: 67: 66: 46: 35:Early Cretaceous 29:Temporal range: 21: 732: 731: 727: 726: 725: 723: 722: 721: 707:Solnhofen fauna 677:Jurassic sharks 662: 661: 660: 659: 602: 600: 595: 587: 582: 574: 569: 561: 556: 548: 543: 534: 533: 528: 515: 500: 481: 472: 469: 468: 413: 412: 405: 400: 268:Underwood, 2002 182: 179: 153: 145: 61: 37: 27: 17: 12: 11: 5: 730: 728: 720: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 674: 672:Elasmobranchii 664: 663: 658: 657: 650: 643: 635: 632: 631: 614: 597: 596: 594: 593: 580: 567: 554: 541: 525: 523: 517: 516: 511: 505: 504: 498: 467: 466: 402: 401: 399: 396: 299:Early Jurassic 273: 272: 271: 270: 257: 244: 231: 218: 205: 203:Woodward, 1918 189: 188: 184: 183: 181:Woodward, 1918 180: 168: 167: 161: 160: 143: 139: 138: 133: 129: 128: 123: 119: 118: 116:Elasmobranchii 113: 109: 108: 106:Chondrichthyes 103: 99: 98: 93: 89: 88: 83: 79: 78: 73: 69: 68: 55: 54: 48: 47: 39: 38: 31:Early Jurassic 28: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 729: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 669: 667: 656: 651: 649: 644: 642: 637: 636: 630: 628: 624: 620: 615: 612: 608: 603: 590: 585: 581: 577: 572: 568: 564: 559: 555: 551: 546: 542: 537: 531: 527: 526: 524: 522: 518: 514: 509: 501: 499:3-923871-90-2 495: 491: 485: 480: 478: 471: 470: 462: 458: 453: 448: 444: 440: 435: 430: 426: 422: 418: 410: 408: 404: 397: 395: 393: 389: 385: 383: 379: 375: 372: 368: 364: 362: 358: 357: 352: 351: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 321: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 291: 284: 279: 266: 265: 258: 253: 252: 245: 240: 239: 232: 227: 226: 219: 214: 213: 206: 201: 200: 193: 192: 190: 185: 178: 177: 169: 166: 162: 157: 152: 151: 144: 141: 140: 137: 136:Squalomorphii 134: 131: 130: 127: 126:Selachimorpha 124: 122:Subdivision: 121: 120: 117: 114: 111: 110: 107: 104: 101: 100: 97: 94: 91: 90: 87: 84: 81: 80: 77: 74: 71: 70: 65: 60: 56: 53: 49: 45: 40: 36: 32: 26: 22: 19: 627:expanding it 616: 601: 520: 489: 476: 424: 420: 392:P. annectans 391: 387: 386: 366: 365: 360: 356:Heterodontus 354: 348: 337:P. annectans 336: 327:of southern 320:P. annectans 319: 318: 315:type species 289: 288: 287: 282: 263: 262: 250: 249: 237: 236: 225:P. carvalhoi 224: 223: 212:P. bilobatus 211: 210: 199:P. annectans 198: 197: 175: 174: 165:Type species 149: 148: 132:Superorder: 51: 24: 18: 521:Protospinax 477:Protospinax 388:Protospinax 378:angelsharks 371:squalomorph 367:Protospinax 361:Protospinax 290:Protospinax 242:Thies, 1983 150:Protospinax 25:Protospinax 666:Categories 427:(3): 311. 398:References 112:Subclass: 443:1424-2818 421:Diversity 382:sawsharks 297:from the 264:P. planus 251:P. magnus 82:Kingdom: 76:Eukaryota 530:Wikidata 486:excerpt) 461:36950326 350:Squatina 187:Species 156:Woodward 96:Chordata 92:Phylum: 86:Animalia 72:Domain: 576:3595367 563:1056654 550:4824260 536:Q288730 452:7614347 329:Bavaria 142:Genus: 102:Class: 496:  459:  449:  441:  313:. The 311:Russia 307:Europe 158:, 1918 621:is a 589:34568 558:IRMNG 374:shark 623:stub 545:GBIF 494:ISBN 457:PMID 439:ISSN 380:and 353:and 309:and 484:PDF 447:PMC 429:doi 343:of 335:of 305:of 301:to 668:: 586:: 573:: 560:: 547:: 532:: 455:. 445:. 437:. 425:15 423:. 419:. 406:^ 363:. 317:, 654:e 647:t 640:v 629:. 502:. 482:( 463:. 431:: 260:† 247:† 234:† 221:† 208:† 195:† 172:† 146:† 33:—

Index

Early Jurassic
Early Cretaceous

Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Elasmobranchii
Selachimorpha
Squalomorphii
Protospinax
Woodward
Type species

cartilaginous fish
Early Jurassic
Early Cretaceous
Europe
Russia
type species
Solnhofen limestones
Bavaria
museum specimens
Museum of Comparative Zoology
Harvard University
Squatina
Heterodontus
squalomorph

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