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149:. Many of them had long histories as separate British colonies before joining Canada. They have distinct flags and coats of arms, official provincial institutions such as museums, and separate media markets that cater to provincial affairs. Furthermore, their provincial heads of government, the
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and the provinces. These powers have been expanded over time by judicial rulings and successful provincial lobbying. Surveys of public opinion in Canada show that
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Chandler, William M.; Bakvis, Herman (1989). "Federalism and the Strong-State/Weak-State
Conundrum: Canadian Economic Policymaking in Comparative Perspective".
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to become prominent actors in lives of, and focus of loyalty for, people living within those provinces. It is related both to
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of the legislature is considered to be responsible for defending the rights of the states against the federal government.
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rank as the "most important issues" in the minds of
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Canadian provinces are also endowed with many symbols and myths that attract loyalty in much the same way as do
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Young, R. A.; Faucher, Philippe; Blais, André (1984). "The
Concept of Province-Building: A Critique".
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which were all based outside of the province. From the 1940s to the 1970s the government of
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Provincial loyalties also intersect with ethnic and linguistic ones. This is most true of
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Tomblin, Stephen (1990). "W.A.C. Bennett and
Province-Building in British Columbia".
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McMillan, M. L.; Norrie, K. H. (1980). "Province-Building vs. a
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often view the provincial government as the basis on which to build the
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In the 2020s, province-building returned in the form of the
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