226:, only being regranted in shrunken form, with the result that by the late 15th century the major provincial lordships had largely disappeared. By 1450 the structure of Scottish nobility had changed: the peerage had become personal, honorific and hierarchical and had lost its association with specific territories. By this time the landholdings of earls and major lords were often fragmented and geographically dispersed, without the unity and identification with specific territories that had characterised the earlier earldoms and provincial lordships. Despite this, technically the private authority of provincial lords survived until the
75:. Some provincial lordships were older land units taken over and adapted to a feudal framework. As with earldoms, holders of provincial lordships were largely responsible for the administration of their territories and possessed most of the land within them. The territories of provincial lordships were often interspersed between earldoms as a means of securing royal power in areas where royal
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By ca. 1400 some of the earldoms and provincial lordships were much smaller than their original extent, but they still collectively covered two thirds of the land area of modern
Scotland, and 425 of the kingdom's 925 parishes. The areas remaining within individual provincial lordships ranged from the
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As the term "provincial lordship" is a modern description rather than a formal contemporary status there are no strict criteria for assigning landholdings to the category, and lists of them differ.
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Provincial lordships covered large discrete districts and were often similar in size and function to the earldoms that developed over a similar period from the lands held by the
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also established as provincial lordships over the same period. Similar lordships were created to the north of Alba in the late 12th and early 13th centuries including
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during the 12th and 13th centuries. These landholdings were granted by kings to their supporters to secure royal control of territories outside the core of the
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Grant, Alexander (2008). "Franchises north of the Border: Baronies and regalities in medieval
Scotland". In Prestwich, Michael (ed.).
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Stringer, Keith J. (1996). "Earldoms and 'provincial lordships' 1124 to 1286". In McNeill, Peter G. B.; MacQueen, Hector I. (eds.).
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saw most of the earldoms and provincial lordships forfeited to the crown or taken into crown ownership through
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were all established during the early 12th century, and large pre-feudal territories including
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held powers greater than those of sheriffs, including the right to appoint their own
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were relatively undeveloped. All provincial lords held powers on a par with those of
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incomers allied with the Kings of Alba, but three lordships in the west –
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Liberties and
Identities in Medieval Britain and Ireland
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The earliest provincial lordships were those created by
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The Shape of the State in
Medieval Scotland, 1124–1290
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is a modern term used by historians to describe large
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228:Heritable Jurisdictions (Scotland) Act 1746
395:"The Development of the Scottish Peerage"
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431:Atlas of Scottish History to 1707
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482:Provincial lordships of Scotland
477:Former subdivisions of Scotland
399:The Scottish Historical Review
175:– were held by descendants of
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159:. Many of these were held by
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195:to the 2 parishes each of
393:Grant, Alexander (1978).
34:landholdings created in
448:Taylor, Alice (2016).
61:Geography and function
207:to the 3 parishes of
73:Provinces of Scotland
28:Provincial lordships
405:(163 Part 1): 1–27.
352:, pp. 198–199.
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18:Provincial lordship
185:Lord of the Isles
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181:Norse-Gaelic
161:Anglo-Norman
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268:Taylor 2016
153:Strathbogie
129:Strathgryfe
77:sheriffdoms
44:River Forth
471:Categories
440:0950390410
421:1843833743
377:Grant 2008
365:Grant 1978
350:Grant 2008
338:Grant 1978
323:Grant 2008
311:Grant 1978
299:Grant 1978
287:Grant 2008
234:References
197:Liddesdale
157:Sutherland
125:Liddesdale
121:Lauderdale
109:Cunningham
89:justiciars
85:regalities
48:River Spey
141:Nithsdale
105:Annandale
52:Highlands
220:James II
193:Galloway
177:Somerled
165:Garmoran
145:Badenoch
137:Galloway
81:sheriffs
68:mormaers
46:and the
36:Scotland
224:escheat
216:James I
201:Eskdale
183:former
149:Garioch
113:Eskdale
101:David I
95:History
456:
437:
418:
209:Buchan
179:, the
133:Argyll
32:feudal
205:Moray
173:Lorne
169:Islay
454:ISBN
435:ISBN
416:ISBN
218:and
199:and
171:and
155:and
139:and
127:and
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