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eye consists of nearly 800 unit ommatidia which are repeated in a symmetrical pattern. Each ommatidium contains 8 photoreceptor cells, each of which forms a rhabdomere (rhabdomeres 7 and 8 overlap vertically; therefore, only rhabdomere 7 is visible externally). Neurodegeneration leads to loss or
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degradation of photoreceptors. By visualizing and counting the intact rhabdomeres, degradation level can be measured. Thus, analyzing the pseudopupil can permit empirical study of neurodegeneration.
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Song, Wan; Smith, Marianne R.; Syed, Adeela; Lukacsovich, Tamas; Barbaro, Brett A.; Purcell, Judith; Bornemann, Doug J.; Burke, John; Marsh, J. Lawrence (2013).
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75:, while those to one side reflect it. The pseudopupil therefore reveals which ommatidia are aligned with the axis along which the observer is viewing.
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appears as a dark spot which moves across the eye as the animal is rotated. This occurs because the
113:"Fundamental differences in the optical structure of the eyes of nocturnal and diurnal mosquitoes"
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The pseudopupil analysis technique is used to study neurodegeneration in insects like
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Morphometric analysis of
Huntington's disease neurodegeneration in Drosophila
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216:. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1017. pp. 41–57.
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172:"Variations in the optical properties of the compound eyes of
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Dark spot on the compound eyes of some invertebrates
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111:M. F. Land; G. Gibson; J. Horwood; J. Zeil (1999).
27:showing the black pseudopupil in its compound eyes
39:has three regions, each with its own pseudopupil.
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170:Jochen Zeil & Maha M. Al-Mutairi (1996).
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67:that one observes "head-on" (along their
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463:Evolution of color vision in primates
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184:The Journal of Experimental Biology
120:Journal of Comparative Physiology A
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79:Pseudopupil analysis technique
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653:. You can help Knowledge by
391:Simple eye in invertebrates
222:10.1007/978-1-62703-438-8_3
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587:Infrared sensing in snakes
458:Evolution of color vision
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645:This article about the
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592:Monocular deprivation
551:Underwater camouflage
546:Structural coloration
524:Disruptive coloration
132:10.1007/s003590050369
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572:Blindness in animals
504:Counter-illumination
453:Evolution of the eye
174:Uca lactea annulipes
519:Deimatic behaviour
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705:Arthropod anatomy
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622:Visual perception
617:Underwater vision
582:Feature detection
577:Eyespot apparatus
536:Eyespot (mimicry)
484:Animal coloration
287:Vision in animals
231:978-1-62703-437-1
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602:Palpebral (bone)
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191:(7): 1569–1577.
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142:. Archived from
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149:on 2016-03-04
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71:) absorb the
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49:invertebrates
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37:mantis shrimp
35:The eye of a
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655:expanding it
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430:Parietal eye
376:Compound eye
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151:. Retrieved
144:the original
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69:optical axes
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45:compound eye
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607:Pseudopupil
489:Aposematism
408:Mollusc eye
61:pseudopupil
57:crustaceans
694:Categories
597:Ommatidium
529:coincident
494:Camouflage
472:Coloration
413:cephalopod
307:Chameleons
153:2008-07-27
99:References
92:Drosophila
86:Drosophila
710:Eye stubs
612:Rhopalium
445:Evolution
418:gastropod
386:Eye shine
381:Eagle eye
312:Dinosaurs
240:1940-6029
90:An adult
65:ommatidia
479:Albinism
248:23719906
51:such as
541:Mimicry
514:Crypsis
327:Mammals
197:9319471
140:9114187
59:, the
53:insects
43:In the
332:horses
294:Vision
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25:mantis
649:is a
401:human
322:Toads
302:Birds
179:(PDF)
147:(PDF)
136:S2CID
116:(PDF)
651:stub
363:Eyes
342:cats
337:dogs
317:Fish
244:PMID
236:ISSN
226:ISBN
193:PMID
55:and
700:Eye
647:eye
218:doi
189:199
128:doi
124:185
47:of
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