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dry period and are splashed by water or carried by wind to host leaves and flower stems. When the ascospores reach the host plant, the infection cycle begins. There is usually one cycle per growing season which takes place during the spring, but if moist conditions continue throughout the growing season, apothecia can form on dead tissue of infected leaves that are still attached to the plant host. Asci with ascospores are produced from the apothecia and the ascospores re-infect the same host or other susceptible hosts.
37:
199:. An early symptom of angular leaf scorch of grapevines is the presence of faint chlorotic lesions near major veins on the leaf surface. As the disease progresses, the lesions spread, changing from yellow to reddish brown. Reddening/browning of major leaf veins accompanies the lesions. The reddish brown tissue turns necrotic and retains a yellow margin, which separates the necrotic tissue from the healthy tissue. In red or black
215:
fungi overwinter in leaf litter on the soil surface. If there is sufficient moisture in the spring, fruiting bodies (apothecia) form and produce asci. The asci produce four ascospores each by sexual reproduction. Ascospores are forcibly released from the asci at the end of a rain event following a
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cultivars, the margin is read, not yellow and on occasion, the yellow margin is not present. The reddish brown lesions with yellow margins can be seen in early June or three to four weeks after infection begins. As the lesions become larger late in the growing season, necrosis can cause premature
228:. Removing leaf litter, increasing air circulation over the soil surface and canopy space, and removal of susceptible hosts from the immediate environment are some cultural practices that can help control
505:
531:
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defoliation, thus inhibiting photosynthesis of the plant host. Flower clusters can also dry prematurely, which decreases the plant's ability to produce fruit.
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because the ascospore lands on, infects, and penetrates the leaf. Products containing the fungicide mancozeb are generally used as a foliar spray for
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require moisture to germinate and ascospores require moisture for dispersal, so increasing air circulation to the soil surface will detour
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592:
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include some plants of the family
Vitaceae. Angular leaf scorch of grapevines has been observed on 18 species of grapevines
287:(Helotiales, Peziculoideae), a new discomycete genus for pathogens causing an angular leaf scorch of grapes ("Rotbrenner")"
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607:
587:
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315:"Angular leaf scorch, a new disease of grapevines in North America caused by "Pseudopezicula tetraspora""
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control. Mancozeb disturbs the ascospores when they land on the plant tissue treated with the product.
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inoculum to enter where one doesn't want disease. Foliar fungicide sprays are recommended to control
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from getting to the host. Removal of other susceptible hosts of the family
Vitaceae, like
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survives on leaf litter, the removal of the litter before bud break can remove residual
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Cultural practices and fungicide use are two methods that grape growers use to reduce
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Columbia, MO. Grape and Wine
Institute, University of Missouri
362:"Angular Leaf Scorch of Grape, "Pseudopezicula tetraspora""
175:, causing a disease known as "angular leaf scorch".
428:
384:White River Junction (VT):Chelsea Green Publishing
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281:Korf RP, Pearson RC, Zhuang WY, Dubos B (1986).
382:Rombough L. "A Guide to Organic Viticulture".
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147:Korf, R.C. Pearson & W.Y. Zhuang (1986)
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369:Cornell Cooperative Extension Publication
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399:"Viticulture News, Week of 2 May 2016"
313:Pearson RC, Smith FD, Dubos B (1988).
252:can reduce the likelihood of foreign
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547:572daa2a-e885-493d-8378-5052a9e8d74f
167:. Found in North America, it is a
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360:Korf, Pearson RC, Zhuang (1992).
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191:, on interspecific hybrids of
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250:Parthenocissus quiniquefolia
197:Parthenocissus quiniquefolia
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195:, and on Virginia creeper
430:Pseudopezicula tetraspora
213:Pseudopezicula tetraspora
156:Pseudopezicula tetraspora
141:Pseudopezicula tetraspora
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32:Scientific classification
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25:Pseudopezicula tetraspora
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593:Fungi described in 1986
598:Fungi of North America
297:: 457–71 (see p. 462).
583:Fungal grape diseases
232:development. Because
334:10.1094/pd-72-0796
179:Hosts and symptoms
123:P. tetraspora
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555:Open Tree of Life
422:Taxon identifiers
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16:Species of fungus
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328:(9): 796–800.
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169:plant pathogen
163:in the family
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208:Disease cycle
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183:The hosts of
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171:that infects
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132:Binomial name
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603:Helotiaceae
165:Helotiaceae
99:Helotiaceae
577:Categories
371:. E10924G.
268:References
220:Management
89:Helotiales
69:Ascomycota
65:Division:
291:Mycotaxon
117:Species:
55:Kingdom:
49:Eukaryota
519:MycoBank
511:11441864
480:Fungorum
445:Q7255256
439:Wikidata
95:Family:
45:Domain:
560:4043590
537:2052307
498:2582114
105:Genus:
85:Order:
75:Class:
544:NZOR:
524:103753
485:103753
472:PSPUTE
459:153095
161:fungus
506:IRMNG
402:(PDF)
365:(PDF)
318:(PDF)
201:Vitis
193:Vitis
189:Vitis
173:grape
59:Fungi
532:NCBI
493:GBIF
467:EPPO
454:EoL
330:doi
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283:"
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