227:. They are found in depths ranging from 300–1,700 meters. The adults live on the sea floor, between 100 and 2,800 m (330 and 9,190 ft) deep, The intense biological pressure to conserve energy within deep sea fish seems to be true across many species; most of them are long lived, have a slow rate of reproduction, growth, and aging. Furthermore, studies have shown that the Psychrolutidae species displays a wide range of reproductive patterns, which include group synchronous maturation and extended batch spawning, which highlights their adjustment to deep sea habitats. In this case the blobfish can live to be roughly 130 years old. Categorized as the predator of the deep sea they have no real predatory issues; a big help to aid in their energy saving. Their diet also helps in their energy saving abilities. They feed on small crustaceans, sea pens, sea worms, and any other small organisms that swim right in front of them. Their name is derived from the Greek
61:
31:
40:
246:
behaviors complete with egg guarding. Reproductively the blobfish have been seen gathering in large numbers to lay their pinkish eggs in a single surrounding nesting area. The number of eggs laid within one nest can range from 9,000 to 108,000. Another observation of the parental care of the blobfish
195:
The blobfish has a short, broad tongue and conical teeth that are slightly recurved and are arranged in bands in irregular rows along the premaxillaries; canines are completely absent. Teeth are nonexistent on the palatines and vomer; which make up the hard palate. The blobfish also has a set of
187:, with large heads and bodies that taper back into small, flat tails. The skin is loosely attached and movable, and the layer underneath it is gelatinous. The eyes are placed high on the head, focused forward closer to the tip of the snout. Members of the family generally have large, leaf-like
191:
and lack scales, although some species are covered with soft spines. This is important to the species as the depths in which they live are highly pressurized and they are ambush/opportunistic/foraging predators that do not expend energy unless they are forced to.
213:
have been reported near the
Mexican Pacific coast, which extends the southern range by 1,733 km. According to a 2013 poll from the Ugly Animal Preservation Society, the blobfish was voted the ugliest animal in the world and was also given the nickname, 'fathead
1276:
McCulloch, Allan. 1914. Report on some Fishes obtained by the F.I.S. “Endeavour” on the coasts of
Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South and south-western Australia. Australian Museum, Sydney. Vol 5. Issue 4. Pages 187-194, 215-216, Plate
200:
that are well developed and paired evenly along the upper and lower portions of the pharyngeal arch. These specialized teeth may aid in the breakdown of food due to the very strategic dependency on whatever food falls from above. They are found in the
222:
deepwater sculpin, have even been reported in Lake
Ontario which were once thought to be extirpated. Psychrolutidae species tend to habituate the northern most region of the Pacific ocean due to lower temperatures, and
1615:
Glubokov, A.I., Glubokovskii, M.K. & Kovacheva, N.P. New Data on Soft
Sculpin Malacocottus zonurus (Psychrolutidae) from the Northwestern Bering Sea. J. Ichthyol. 59, 435–438 (2019). Retrieved 23 March, 2021.
1450:
Drazen, Jeffrey C.; Goffredi, Shana K.; Schlining, Brian; Stakes, Debra S. (2003). "Aggregations of Egg-Brooding Deep-Sea Fish and
Cephalopods on the Gorda Escarpment: a Reproductive Hot Spot".
1774:
1813:
247:
is that their eggs resemble being cleaned. It is believed that as the female blobfish hover around the nests they also clean them and remove any sand or dirt.
1587:
1748:
1230:
1787:
1625:
1512:
1434:
981:
1923:
1378:
523:
1885:
1597:
1792:
1800:
672:
60:
510:
1289:"New eastern Pacific Ocean record of the rare deep-water fish, Psychrolutes phrictus (Scorpaeniformes: Psychrolutidae)"
1709:
1696:
1502:
464:
231:, meaning "to have a cold bath". They tend to live in colder waters, although some range into warm-temperate seas.
1818:
1004:
968:
792:
1110:
599:
1133:
215:
1913:
825:
766:
1636:
1203:
1147:
330:
287:
1849:
942:
743:
326:
313:
1714:
1867:
283:
1890:
1828:
1735:
1683:
1583:
1341:
1674:
929:
710:
441:
364:
266:
257:
179:) contains over 35 recognized species in 8 genera. This family consists of bottom-dwelling marine
1918:
1483:
1467:
1015:
685:
586:
437:
270:
55:
1854:
689:
1426:
Early Stages of
Atlantic Fishes: An Identification Guide for the Western Central North Atlantic
1424:
1836:
1722:
1592:
1562:
1508:
1475:
1430:
1374:
1310:
459:
417:
351:
1779:
1877:
1841:
1552:
1459:
1349:
1300:
770:
495:
197:
1397:
1079:
888:
718:
477:
385:
112:
1345:
30:
1688:
1128:
761:
751:
625:
518:
472:
300:
202:
102:
1701:
39:
1907:
1540:
1199:
976:
955:
449:
278:
206:
137:
1487:
1287:
Aguirre-Villaseñor, Hugo; Cruz-Acevedo, Edgar; Salas-Singh, Carolina (2016-09-01).
1252:
1118:
950:
924:
873:
786:
738:
705:
607:
541:
505:
395:
338:
235:
224:
188:
1727:
1805:
1761:
1668:
1329:
1163:
1073:
1063:
1033:
963:
853:
833:
571:
561:
551:
531:
407:
Other authorities include many of the genera of marine sculpins from the family
377:
372:
295:
1659:
1354:
1557:
1305:
1288:
1105:
989:
906:
800:
680:
667:
594:
432:
308:
1314:
1173:
1141:
863:
843:
820:
810:
728:
485:
72:
1566:
1479:
1330:"A population on the rise: The origin of deepwater sculpin in Lake Ontario"
1653:
1518:
1328:
Welsh, Amy B.; Scribner, Kim T.; Stott, Wendylee; Walsh, Maureen (2017).
1208:
1087:
1053:
1023:
999:
937:
896:
883:
408:
359:
92:
415:, leaving the Cottidae as a largely freshwater family. For example, the
1539:
Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014).
1471:
1043:
581:
321:
184:
180:
122:
1766:
255:
Psychrolutidae is divided into two subfamilies in the 5th edition of
82:
1753:
1630:
1463:
1369:
Eschmeyer, William M. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.).
1862:
243:
1634:
1740:
50:
removed from the water, its body swollen by the low pressure
1501:
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016).
1643:
1586:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
8:
1626:Photo of a Fathead trawled near New Zealand
1631:
1392:
1390:
1373:. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 179.
38:
29:
20:
1556:
1507:(5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495.
1353:
1304:
1578:
1576:
1191:
1541:"Family-group names of Recent fishes"
7:
1868:6A5BAE7A-DA2F-FFB4-3AAA-FF4398D8FE8D
1829:c67d3ebd-5ba5-45a8-9478-c2792b8e9f96
1588:"Genera in the family Psychorutidae"
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1398:"Family Psychrolutidae - Fatheads"
421:classifies the family as follows:
14:
1293:Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad
59:
1334:Journal of Great Lakes Research
1598:California Academy of Sciences
1:
1423:Richards, William J. (2005).
878:Soldatov & Pavlenko, 1915
858:Soldatov & Pavlenko, 1915
1429:. CRC Press. p. 1191.
1233:. Atlas of Living Australia
911:Jordan & Evermann, 1896
169:south america river teacher
1940:
1355:10.1016/j.jglr.2017.04.009
917:subfamily Myoxocephalinae
838:Jordan & Gilbert, 1898
546:Jordan & Gilbert, 1880
490:Jordan & Gilbert, 1898
454:Jackson & Nelson, 1998
1558:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1
1306:10.1016/j.rmb.2016.06.013
1253:"Blobfish Psychrolutidae"
1092:Jordan & Starks, 1904
1048:Jordan & Starks, 1904
901:Jordan & Starks, 1904
868:Gilbert & Burke, 1912
815:Jordan & Starks, 1895
805:Jordan & Starks, 1904
733:Jordan & Starks, 1904
654:Gilbert & Burke, 1912
630:Jordan & Starks, 1904
612:Jordan & Starks, 1904
576:Jordan & Starks, 1904
425:subfamily Psychrolutinae
349:subfamily Psychrolutinae
220:Myoxocephalus thompsonii,
150:
145:
56:Scientific classification
54:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1924:Ray-finned fish families
1231:"Psychrolutidae – Names"
1212:. December 2012 version.
1202:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
1013:subfamily Oligocottinae
1204:"Family Psychrolutidae"
1371:Encyclopedia of Fishes
251:Subfamilies and genera
1850:Paleobiology Database
1584:Eschmeyer, William N.
240:Psychrolutes phrictus
211:Psychrolutes phrictus
48:Psychrolutes phrictus
1156:subfamily Radulinae
1504:Fishes of the World
1452:Biological Bulletin
1346:2017JGLR...43..863W
1257:Fishes of Australia
1251:Bray, D.J. (2019).
1098:subfamily Icelinae
258:Fishes of the World
242:, exhibits complex
163:(commonly known as
1901:
1900:
1837:Open Tree of Life
1637:Taxon identifiers
1593:Catalog of Fishes
1514:978-1-118-34233-6
1436:978-0-203-50021-7
1179:
1169:
1159:
1151:
1137:
1124:
1114:
1101:
1093:
1083:
1069:
1059:
1049:
1039:
1029:
1019:
1008:
995:
985:
972:
959:
946:
933:
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912:
902:
892:
879:
869:
859:
849:
839:
829:
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782:
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747:
734:
724:
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693:
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663:
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631:
621:
613:
603:
590:
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567:
557:
547:
537:
527:
514:
501:
491:
481:
468:
460:Andriashevicottus
455:
445:
428:
418:Catalog of Fishes
401:
391:
381:
368:
355:
344:
334:
317:
304:
291:
274:
173:flathead sculpins
157:
156:
141:
1931:
1894:
1893:
1881:
1880:
1871:
1870:
1858:
1857:
1845:
1844:
1832:
1831:
1822:
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1809:
1808:
1806:NBNSYS0000186350
1796:
1795:
1783:
1782:
1770:
1769:
1757:
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1744:
1743:
1731:
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1705:
1704:
1692:
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1632:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1580:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1517:. Archived from
1498:
1492:
1491:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1394:
1385:
1384:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1308:
1299:(3): 1141–1145.
1284:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1227:
1214:
1213:
1196:
1177:
1167:
1157:
1145:
1132:
1122:
1109:
1099:
1091:
1077:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1014:
1003:
993:
980:
967:
954:
941:
928:
918:
910:
900:
887:
877:
867:
857:
847:
837:
824:
814:
804:
790:
780:
765:
755:
742:
732:
722:
709:
699:
684:
671:
661:
653:
645:
637:
629:
619:
611:
598:
585:
575:
565:
555:
545:
535:
522:
509:
499:
496:Artediellichthys
489:
476:
463:
453:
436:
426:
399:
389:
376:
363:
350:
342:
325:
312:
299:
282:
269:
198:pharyngeal teeth
177:tadpole sculpins
159:The fish family
136:
64:
63:
42:
33:
21:
16:Family of fishes
1939:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1874:
1866:
1861:
1853:
1848:
1840:
1835:
1827:
1825:
1817:
1812:
1804:
1799:
1791:
1786:
1778:
1773:
1765:
1760:
1752:
1747:
1739:
1734:
1726:
1721:
1713:
1708:
1700:
1695:
1687:
1682:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1639:
1622:
1613:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1582:
1581:
1574:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1524:
1522:
1515:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1464:10.2307/1543439
1449:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1407:
1405:
1396:
1395:
1388:
1381:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1271:
1261:
1259:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1236:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1217:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1188:
848:T.H. Bean, 1890
791:Soldatov &
719:Neophrynichthys
700:T.H. Bean, 1890
638:T.H. Bean, 1890
386:Neophrynichthys
343:T.H. Bean, 1890
253:
135:
113:Scorpaeniformes
58:
24:Psychrolutidae
17:
12:
11:
5:
1937:
1935:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1914:Psychrolutidae
1906:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1882:
1872:
1859:
1846:
1833:
1823:
1810:
1797:
1784:
1771:
1758:
1745:
1732:
1719:
1706:
1702:Psychrolutidae
1693:
1689:Psychrolutidae
1680:
1675:Psychrolutidae
1665:
1649:
1647:
1645:Psychrolutidae
1641:
1640:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1621:
1620:External links
1618:
1611:
1610:
1572:
1551:(2): 001–230.
1531:
1513:
1493:
1442:
1435:
1415:
1386:
1379:
1361:
1340:(5): 863–870.
1320:
1279:
1269:
1243:
1215:
1200:Froese, Rainer
1190:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1170:
1158:Taranetz, 1941
1154:
1153:
1152:
1138:
1125:
1123:Swainson, 1839
1115:
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1070:
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807:
797:
783:
775:
762:Pseudoblennius
758:
752:Phasmatocottus
748:
735:
725:
715:
702:
694:
677:
664:
656:
648:
646:Sakamoto, 1932
640:
632:
622:
614:
604:
591:
578:
568:
558:
548:
538:
528:
519:Artedielloides
515:
502:
492:
482:
473:Antipodocottus
469:
456:
446:
413:Psychrolutidae
405:
404:
403:
402:
392:
382:
369:
347:
346:
345:
335:
318:
305:
292:
252:
249:
161:Psychrolutidae
155:
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147:
143:
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133:Psychrolutidae
130:
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110:
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103:Actinopterygii
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65:
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51:
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43:
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26:
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1936:
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1703:
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1532:
1521:on 2019-04-08
1520:
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1419:
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1404:. 26 Aug 2010
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1380:0-12-547665-5
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1224:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1201:
1195:
1192:
1185:
1178:Gilbert, 1890
1176:
1175:
1171:
1168:Gilbert, 1912
1166:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1146:Jordan &
1144:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1078:Starks &
1076:
1075:
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1066:
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1061:
1056:
1055:
1051:
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1045:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1006:
1002:
1001:
997:
992:
991:
987:
983:
979:
978:
977:Myoxocephalus
974:
970:
966:
965:
961:
957:
953:
952:
948:
944:
940:
939:
935:
931:
927:
926:
922:
921:
916:
909:
908:
904:
899:
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876:
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865:
861:
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845:
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836:
835:
831:
827:
823:
822:
818:
813:
812:
808:
803:
802:
798:
794:
789:
788:
784:
781:GĂĽnther, 1861
779:
776:
772:
768:
764:
763:
759:
754:
753:
749:
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741:
740:
736:
731:
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723:GĂĽnther, 1876
721:
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669:
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623:
620:Collett, 1875
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588:
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579:
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549:
544:
543:
539:
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533:
529:
525:
521:
520:
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512:
508:
507:
503:
500:Fedorov, 1973
498:
497:
493:
488:
487:
483:
479:
475:
474:
470:
466:
462:
461:
457:
452:
451:
450:Ambophthalmos
447:
443:
439:
435:
434:
430:
429:
427:GĂĽnther, 1861
424:
423:
422:
420:
419:
414:
410:
400:GĂĽnther, 1861
398:
397:
393:
390:GĂĽnther, 1876
388:
387:
383:
379:
375:
374:
370:
366:
362:
361:
357:
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353:
348:
341:
340:
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328:
324:
323:
319:
315:
311:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:K. L. Jackson
281:
280:
279:Ambophthalmos
276:
275:
272:
268:
267:Cottunculinae
264:
263:
262:
260:
259:
250:
248:
245:
241:
237:
232:
230:
229:psychrolouteo
226:
225:Indian Oceans
221:
217:
216:
212:
208:
207:Pacific Ocean
204:
199:
193:
190:
189:pectoral fins
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
153:
149:
144:
139:
134:
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
119:Superfamily:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
87:
84:
81:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
67:
62:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1644:
1614:
1601:. Retrieved
1591:
1548:
1544:
1534:
1523:. Retrieved
1519:the original
1503:
1496:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1425:
1418:
1408:13 September
1406:. Retrieved
1401:
1370:
1364:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1272:
1260:. Retrieved
1256:
1246:
1235:. Retrieved
1207:
1194:
1172:
1162:
1140:
1127:
1119:Gymnocanthus
1117:
1104:
1100:Jordan, 1923
1086:
1072:
1062:
1058:Jordan, 1885
1052:
1042:
1032:
1028:Girard, 1856
1022:
998:
988:
975:
962:
951:Megalocottus
949:
936:
925:Argyrocottus
923:
905:
895:
882:
874:Trichocottus
872:
862:
852:
842:
832:
819:
809:
799:
787:Radulinopsis
785:
778:Psychrolutes
777:
760:
750:
739:Phallocottus
737:
727:
717:
706:Micrenophrys
704:
697:Malacocottus
696:
679:
666:
658:
650:
642:
634:
624:
616:
608:Cottiusculus
606:
593:
580:
570:
560:
550:
542:Ascelichthys
540:
536:Jordan, 1885
530:
517:
506:Artediellina
504:
494:
484:
471:
458:
448:
431:
416:
412:
406:
396:Psychrolutes
394:
384:
371:
358:
339:Malacocottus
337:
320:
307:
294:
288:J. S. Nelson
277:
261:as follows:
256:
254:
239:
236:blob sculpin
233:
228:
219:
218:
210:
196:specialized
194:
183:shaped like
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
158:
151:
132:
47:
18:
1762:iNaturalist
1669:Wikispecies
1262:18 November
1164:Asemichthys
1074:Orthonopias
1068:Girard 1856
1064:Oligocottus
1034:Clinocottus
964:Microcottus
930:Herzenstein
854:Taurocottus
834:Stelgistrum
756:Bolin, 1936
659:Gilbertidia
617:Cottunculus
566:Bolin, 1936
562:Atopocottus
556:Bolin, 1936
552:Astrocottus
532:Artediellus
373:Gilbertidia
296:Cottunculus
1908:Categories
1525:2023-03-10
1458:(1): 1–7.
1237:2019-03-28
1186:References
1111:Lockington
1106:Chitonotus
1038:Gill, 1861
1005:Gratzianov
994:Gill, 1859
990:Porocottus
919:Gill, 1908
907:Zesticelus
801:Ricuzenius
711:Andriashev
681:Lepidobero
668:Leiocottus
662:Berg, 1898
635:Dasycottus
600:Lockington
595:Chitonotus
433:Alcichthys
309:Dasycottus
265:subfamily
165:blobfishes
138:T. N. Gill
1919:Cottoidea
1315:1870-3453
1174:Radulinus
1142:Rastrinus
889:Reinhardt
864:Thyriscus
844:Synchirus
821:Sigmistes
811:Ruscarius
729:Ocynectes
690:X. B. Jin
686:K. J. Qin
486:Archistes
314:T.H. Bean
214:sculpin'.
152:see text
123:Cottoidea
79:Kingdom:
73:Eukaryota
1660:Q1210085
1654:Wikidata
1603:10 March
1567:25543675
1488:27989243
1480:12917216
1402:FishBase
1209:FishBase
1148:Evermann
1088:Stlengis
1054:Icelinus
1024:Artedius
1000:Taurulus
982:Tilesius
943:Swainson
938:Enophrys
897:Vellitor
884:Triglops
793:Lindberg
771:Schlegel
767:Temminck
643:Ebinania
524:Soldatov
511:Taranetz
409:Cottidae
365:Sakamoto
360:Ebinania
203:Atlantic
185:tadpoles
181:sculpins
129:Family:
93:Chordata
89:Phylum:
83:Animalia
69:Domain:
1545:Zootaxa
1472:1543439
1342:Bibcode
1044:Furcina
969:Schmidt
744:Schultz
651:Eurymen
582:Bolinia
465:Fedorov
411:in the
352:GĂĽnther
327:Gilbert
322:Eurymen
301:Collett
244:nesting
146:Genera
109:Order:
99:Class:
1891:125594
1878:114339
1875:uBio:
1855:266391
1842:226298
1826:NZOR:
1793:167410
1780:112679
1565:
1511:
1486:
1478:
1470:
1433:
1377:
1313:
1150:, 1896
1136:, 1845
1134:Krøyer
1129:Icelus
1113:, 1879
1082:, 1911
1018:, 1926
1007:, 1907
984:, 1811
971:, 1940
958:, 1861
945:, 1839
932:, 1892
891:, 1830
828:, 1898
826:Rutter
795:, 1930
773:, 1850
769:&
746:, 1938
713:, 1954
692:, 1992
688:&
675:, 1856
673:Girard
626:Daruma
602:, 1879
589:, 1991
526:, 1922
480:, 1952
467:, 1990
444:, 1904
442:Starks
440:&
438:Jordan
380:, 1898
367:, 1932
354:, 1861
333:, 1912
329:&
316:, 1890
303:, 1876
290:, 1998
286:&
273:, 1913
140:, 1861
1886:WoRMS
1863:Plazi
1819:30976
1775:IRMNG
1767:86030
1484:S2CID
1468:JSTOR
1016:Hubbs
478:Bolin
331:Burke
271:Regan
175:, or
1814:NCBI
1788:ITIS
1754:8631
1749:GBIF
1741:5128
1715:1299
1710:BOLD
1605:2023
1563:PMID
1549:3882
1509:ISBN
1476:PMID
1431:ISBN
1410:2012
1375:ISBN
1311:ISSN
1264:2022
1080:Mann
956:Gill
587:Yabe
572:Bero
513:1941
378:Berg
234:The
205:and
1801:NBN
1736:EoL
1728:FBV
1723:CoL
1697:AFD
1684:ADW
1553:doi
1460:doi
1456:205
1350:doi
1301:doi
1277:LV.
1910::
1888::
1865::
1852::
1839::
1816::
1803::
1790::
1777::
1764::
1751::
1738::
1725::
1712::
1699::
1686::
1671::
1656::
1596:.
1590:.
1575:^
1561:.
1547:.
1543:.
1482:.
1474:.
1466:.
1454:.
1400:.
1389:^
1348:.
1338:43
1336:.
1332:.
1309:.
1297:87
1295:.
1291:.
1255:.
1218:^
1206:.
238:,
209:.
171:,
167:,
1607:.
1569:.
1555::
1528:.
1490:.
1462::
1439:.
1412:.
1383:.
1358:.
1352::
1344::
1317:.
1303::
1266:.
1240:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
