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For the astronomer and the physicist both may prove the same conclusion: that the earth, for instance, is round: the astronomer by means of mathematics (i.e. abstracting from matter), but the physicist by means of matter
100:. These sciences have been practiced in many cultures from antiquity to modern times. Given their ties to mathematics, the exact sciences are characterized by accurate
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were in a common register, whether studied in the diverse parts of the
Islamic world, in India, in Christian Europe, in China, or apparently in Mesoamerica.
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has proposed that a fundamental change leading to the new sciences was the unification of the exact sciences and physics by
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The
Investigation of Difficult Things: Essays on Newton and the History of the Exact Sciences in Honour of D. T. Whiteside
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The distinction between the quantitative exact sciences and those sciences that deal with the causes of things is due to
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and considered the exact sciences to be the "more natural of the branches of mathematics."
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Achievements in Exact Science: A Study in the History of Scientific Development
295:(1992), "Philosophy and the Exact Sciences: Logical Positivism as a Case Study", in
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Inference, Explanation, and Other
Frustrations: Essays in the Philosophy of Science
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A History of
Natural Philosophy: From the Ancient World to the Nineteenth Century
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A History of
Natural Philosophy: From the Ancient World to the Nineteenth Century
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A History of
Natural Philosophy: From the Ancient World to the Nineteenth Century
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A History of
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This article is about a branch of science. For the company of the same name, see
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Pyenson, Lewis (1993), "Cultural
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143:. This distinction was widely, but not universally, accepted until the
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Language, thought and reality: Selected writings of
Benjamin Lee Whorf.
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Essays on Galileo and the History and Philosophy of Science: Volume 1
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employed this distinction when he said that astronomy explains the
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have also been considered exact sciences, most notably by
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Sciences that admit of absolute precision in their results
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by mathematical reasoning while physics explains it by
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Drake, Stillman; Swerdlow, N.M.; Levere, T.H. (1999).
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218:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 43,
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Benjamin Whorf, Linguistics as an exact science. In
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The Scientific Revolution: A Very Short Introduction
68:. Examples of the exact sciences are mathematics,
350:, London / New York: Longmans, Green and Company,
661:Edited by J.B. CarrollM.I.T. Press, 1956, 20–232.
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