Knowledge (XXG)

Glossary of architecture

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stone. In more modern buildings, such panelling is often installed for decorative purposes. Panelling, such as wainscoting and boiserie in particular, may be extremely ornate and is particularly associated with seventeenth and eighteenth century interior design, Victorian architecture in Britain, and its international contemporaries.
3919:. Shoji are built to be moved (usually by sliding them along tracks) or removed, allowing rooms to be reorganized and reshaped as desired and, in earlier constructions, allowing the interior of a structure to open directly to the outdoors. Because of their translucence, shoji are notable for diffusing light, air, and sound. 2233:. Fusuma are built to be moved (usually by sliding them along tracks) or removed, allowing rooms to be reorganized and reshaped as desired and, in earlier constructions, allowing the interior of a structure to open directly to the outdoors. Some fusuma are painted, though many now feature printed graphics. 3663:
temple, in which the columns surrounding the naos have had walls built between them, so that they become engaged columns, as in the great temple at Agrigentum. In Roman temples, in order to increase the size of the celia, the columns on either side and at the rear became engaged columns, the portico
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A conductive bar of copper or zinc coated steel mounted on the ridge or a roof or on the parapet of a building connected to a large capacity conductor, usually copper, routed to a ground rod driven into the earth for the purpose of safely directing electrical charges caused by a lightning strike to
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A concealed or covered passage, generally underground, though lighted and ventilated from the open air. One of the best-known examples is the crypto-porticus under the palaces of the Caesars in Rome. In Hadrian's Villa in Rome they formed the principal private intercommunication between the several
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A millwork wall covering constructed from rigid or semi-rigid components. These are traditionally interlocking wood, but could be plastic or other materials. Panelling was developed in antiquity to make rooms in stone buildings more comfortable. The panels served to insulate the room from the cold
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Arrow slits in the walls of medieval fortifications, but more strictly applied to the round hole or circle with which the openings terminate. The same term is applied to the small circles inserted in the tracery-head of the windows of the Decorated and Perpendicular periods, sometimes varied with
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Finials or other ornaments which terminate the tops of bench ends, either to pews or stalls. They are sometimes small human heads, sometimes richly carved images, knots of foliage or finials, and sometimes fleurs-de-lis simply cut out of the thickness of the bench end and chamfered. The term is
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A structural member of inadequate capacity for its load or span that is augmented by one or two steel bars anchored to each bearing end at or above the centroid of the girder to assume the tension forces. The bar(s) runs down and below the girder and stand off the girder on one or more struts
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A structure formed of straight wood or metal members between points (or nodes) on a circular sphere (or part thereof) that are "pinned" at each connection point to two or more other members that transfer loads imposed on the structure to the base of the structure. The geometric areas between
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A steel girder formed from a vertical center web of steel plate with steel angles forming the top and bottom flanges welded, bolted or riveted to the web. Some deep plate girders also may have vertical stiffeners (angles) attached to the web to resist crippling (horizontal failure) of the
1566:, which measured two stadia (1,200 ft.) in length, on the south side this peristyle had two rows of columns, so that in stormy weather the rain might not be driven into the inner part. The word was also used in ancient Greece for a foot race of twice the usual length. 650:
The internal compartments of a building, each divided from the other by subtle means such as the boundaries implied by divisions marked in the side walls (columns, pilasters, etc.) or the ceiling (beams, etc.). Also, the external divisions of a building by fenestration
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of the internal hood of a doorway or window to which a splay has been given on the reveal, sometimes the vaulting surface is terminated by a small rib known as the scoinson rib, and a further development is given by angle shafts carrying this rib, known as scoinson
923:(plural: Cancelli) Barriers which correspond to the modern balustrade or railing, especially the screen dividing the body of a church from the part occupied by the ministers hence chancel. The Romans employed cancelli to partition off portions of the courts of law. 3376:) In classic architecture, the triangular-shaped portion of the wall above the cornice which formed the termination of the roof behind it. The projecting mouldings of the cornice which surround it enclose the tympanum, which is sometimes decorated with sculpture. 1157:
A style which became prevalent in Italy in the century following 1500, now usually called 16th-century work. It was the result of the revival of classic architecture known as Renaissance, but the change had commenced already a century earlier, in the works of
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The application of a convex curve to a surface for aesthetic purposes. Its best-known use is in certain orders of Classical columns that curve slightly as their diameter is decreased from the bottom upward. It also may serve an engineering function regarding
1184:(plural: cippi) A low, round or rectangular pedestal set up by the Romans for military purposes such as a milestone or a boundary post. The inscriptions on some cippi in the British Museum show that they were occasionally used as funeral memorials. 773:, or flying buttress, serves to sustain a vault, and is self-sustained by some strong wall or massive work. A pillar boutant is a large chain or jamb of stone, made to support a wall, terrace, or vault. The word is French, and comes from the verb 4302:
A rectilinear truss usually fabricated of steel or concrete with horizontal top and bottom chords and vertical web members (no diagonals) in which the loads imposed on it are transferred to the supports through bending forces resisted in its
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Originally a Roman, large roofed hall erected for transacting business and disposing of legal matters; later the term came to describe an aisled building with a clerestory. Medieval cathedral plans were a development of the basilica plan
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or organisational systems of Ancient Greek or classical architecture characterised by columns which stood on the flat pavement of a temple without a base, their vertical shafts fluted with parallel concave grooves topped by a smooth
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A structural component made of straight wood or metal members, usually in a triangular pattern, with "pinned" connections at the top and bottom chords and which is used to support structural loads, as those on a floor, roof or
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The horizontal and vertical frame that encloses the glazing of a window. A sash may be fixed or operable and may be of several different types depending on operation (i.e. casement, single or double hung, awning, hopper or
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The central supporting pillar of a spiral staircase. It can also refer to an upright post that supports the handrail of a stair railing and forms the lower, upper or an intermediate terminus of a stair railing usually at a
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or organisational systems of Ancient Greek or classical architecture characterised by columns which stood on the flat pavement of a temple with a base, their vertical shafts fluted with parallel concave grooves topped by a
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or organisational systems of Ancient Greek or classical architecture characterised by columns which stood on the flat pavement of a temple with a base, their vertical shafts fluted with parallel concave grooves topped by a
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anchored to the girder at its bottom surface. The struts are sized to accept the compressive forces imposed without bending. The load limit to this member is the crippling capacity (horizontal failure) of the girder.
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individual members may support a "skin" if the structure is to be enclosed. A "regular" geodesic structure have members of equal length but strengths of members may vary depending on location in the geodesic "grid".
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An architectural device based on a symmetrical rendering of leaf shapes, defined by overlapping circles of the same diameter that produce a series of cusps to make a lobe. Typically, the number of cusps can be three
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In Roman architecture, the vestibule or portico of a public building opening on to the forum, as in the basilica of Eumachia at Pompeii, and the basilica of Constantine at Rome, where it was placed at one end. See:
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The structure that tops a pyramid in monumental Mesoamerican architecture (also common as a decorative embellishment on the ridge of metal roofs of some domestic Gothic-style architecture in America in the 19th
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The base or platform upon which a column, pedestal, statue, monument or structure rests. A plinth is a lower terminus of the face trim on a door that is thicker and often wider than the trim which it augments.
4258:τύμπανον, from τύπτειν, to strike) The triangular space enclosed between the horizontal cornice of the entablature and the sloping cornice of the pediment. Though sometimes left plain, it is often decorated. 3333:
design made from patterns of mostly low elements such as plant beds and small hedges interwoven with gravel or grass paths, historically meant to be open spaces. Modern parterres are often denser and taller.
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An entrance door for excluding drafts from an interior of a building. A revolving door typically consists of three or four doors that hang on a center shaft and rotate around a vertical axis within a round
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An often ornate porch- or portico-like structure at a main or secondary entrance to a building through which vehicles can pass in order for the occupants to alight under cover, protected from the weather.
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An exposed structural beam over the uppermost part of a building which is not otherwise connected to the building at its highest point. A feature of H frame constructed concrete buildings and some modern
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work, consisting of stones which seem to advance beyond the surface of the building, by reason of indentures, or channels left in the joinings; used chiefly in the corners of buildings, and called rustic
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An enriched block or horizontal bracket generally found under the cornice and above the bedmould of the Corinthian entablature. It is probably so called because of its arrangement in regulated distances.
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A vaulted semicircular or polygonal end of a chancel or chapel. That portion of a church, usually Christian, beyond the "crossing" and opposite the nave. In some churches, the choir is seated in this
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A girder or main "summer beam" of a floor: if supported on two storey posts and open below, also called a "bress" or "breast-summer". Often found at the centerline of the house to support one end of a
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A cubical block of stone above the capitals in a Byzantine church, used to carry the arches and vault, the springing of which had a superficial area greatly in excess of the column which carried them.
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surface. Dormers are used, either in original construction or as later additions, to create usable space in the roof of a building by adding headroom and usually also by enabling addition of windows.
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An architectural ornament in the form of a ball inserted in the cup of a flower, which came into use in the latter part of the 13th, and was in great vogue in the early part of the 14th century.
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The opening(s) in a window between mullions and muntins through which light enters an interior space. A 6:6 window is a window that has six lights in the upper sash and six in the lower sash.
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A parapet (i.e., a defensive low wall between chest-height and head-height), in which rectangular gaps or indentations occur at intervals to allow for the discharge of arrows or other missiles.
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The base or support on which a statue, obelisk, or column is mounted. A plinth is a lower terminus of the face trim on a door that is thicker and often wider than the trim which it augments.
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A carved or curved moulding used in architecture and interior design as a decorative motif, often consisting of flutes which are inverted and curved. Popular during the Italian Renaissance.
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of the roof. In the Roman Doric order the mutule was horizontal, with sometimes a crowning fillet, so that it virtually fulfilled the purpose of the modillion in the Corinthian cornice.
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The hyphens are clearly visible on either side of the main house block. The masses connected to the main house by the hyphens are called dependencies. |url-status= dead |archive-url=
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Architecture which is of its time and of its place. It is designed to respond to both its physical context, and the metaphysical context within which it has been conceived and executed
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A small moulded shaft, square or circular, in stone or wood, sometimes metal, supporting the coping of a parapet or the handrail of a staircase. A series of balusters supporting a
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A window or element, fixed or operable, above a door but within its vertical frame; also horizontal structural element of stone, wood or metal within a window frame (cp. mullion).
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A simple construction method using a lintel, header, or architrave as the horizontal member over a building void supported at its ends by two vertical columns, pillars, or posts.
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The process in which the gallets or small splinters of stone are inserted in the joints of coarse masonry to protect the mortar joints. They are stuck in while the mortar is wet.
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An ornamental element featuring a sequence of spiraled, circled or heart-shaped motifs. There are, among others, flower scrolls, foliated scrolls, plants scrolls, vines scrolls.
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Uncut stone that is laid in place in a building, projecting outward from the building, to later be carved into decorative mouldings, capitals, arms, etc. Bossages are also
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are enclosed between stone walls and sometimes in-filled between successive uses of the tomb. In ancient Egypt the dromos was a straight, paved avenue flanked by sphinxes.
1247:(also colarino, collarino, or hypotrachelium) The little frieze of the capital of the Tuscan and Doric column placed between the astragal, and the annulets. It was called 3022:
at Athens there are two triglyphs over the central intercolumniation, in order to give increased width to the roadway, up which chariots and beasts of sacrifice ascended.
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A low wall built up above the level of a roof, to hide the roof or to provide protection against falling, and similar structures associated with balconies, bridges etc.
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A formalized lintel, the lowest member of the classical entablature. Also the moulded frame of a door or window (often borrowing the profile of a classical architrave).
5548: 2671:, a log used as ornamentation atop the roof. Katsuogi are normally round and are placed in parallel lines perpendicular to the ridge. They are currently only used on 259:
2.  An open portion of a marine terminal immediately adjacent to a vessel berth, used in the direct transfer of cargo between the vessel and the terminal.
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A sunken panel in the shape of a square, rectangle, or octagon that serves as a decorative device, usually in a ceiling or vault. Also called caissons, or lacunar.
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furnished with seats, the length of which should be a third larger than the width. It served for the exercises of youths of from sixteen to eighteen years of age.
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Usually the lowest, subordinate storey of building, generally either entirely or partially below ground level; the lowest part of classical elevation, below the
6647: 5672:: My guess is that they're talking about a "hyphen" … a connecting piece between two larger masses of a building. It is most commonly used when referring to 2423:
An exterior submerged room that is decorated with landscaping or art in which has no exterior exit or entrance. One enters and exits only through the building.
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A chamber or stage in a tower where bells are hung. The term is also used to describe the manner in which bricks are laid in a wall so that they interlock.
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A gallery formed by a colonnade open on one or more sides. The space is often located on an upper floor of a building overlooking an open court or garden.
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whose edge forms an S-curve. The two major types of cyma are the cyma recta, in which the upper curve is concave, and the cyma reversa (also known as the
3240:: ὃρθος, straight, and στῦλος, a column) A range of columns placed in a straight row, as for instance those of the portico or flanks of a classic temple. 3228:, consisting of vertical slabs of stone or marble equal in height to two or three of the horizontal courses which constitute the inner part of the wall. 3072:. It is supposed to represent the piece of timber through which the wooden pegs were driven in order to hold the rafter in position, and it follows the 1316: 4492: 4275:
Traditionally, a cellar or storage room. In modern usage, a ground-level area that is relatively open to the sides, but covered by the building above.
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Brickwork with overlapping bricks. Types of bond include stretcher, English, header, Flemish, garden wall, herringbone, basket, American, and Chinese.
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A passageway of a central passage plan house, or the complex as a whole, in Territorial or Territorial Revival architecture in the American Southwest
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An Islamic architectural term for the tribune raised upon columns, from which the Koran is recited and the prayers intoned by the Imam of the mosque.
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An architectural element formed by the extrusion of a single curve (or pair of curves, in the case of a pointed barrel vault) along a given distance.
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slab immediately outside a vehicular door or passageway used to limit the wear on asphalt paving due to repetitive turning movements or heavy loads.
3448:). In ecclesial architecture, it is also used of the area between the baluster of a Catholic church and the high altar (what is usually called the 2485:
Possibly from an older term "heifunon", a structural section connecting the main portion of a building with its projecting "dependencies" or wings.
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architectural element in which a series of equidistant curved ribs projects radially from a central axis, often a vertical wall support such as a
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In church architecture, the space around the altar at the east end of a traditional Christian church building, including the choir and sanctuary.
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A piece of construction used for filling in the upper angles of a square room so as to form a proper base to receive an octagonal or spherical
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A gable or facade with a decorative shape characteristic of traditional Dutch architecture. The top of the gable is shaped like a church bell.
2278:. The Early English gablets are generally plain, and very sharp in pitch. In the Decorated period they are often enriched with paneling and 979:
A sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.
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the word "heifunon" was mentioned as a supposed architectural term… Is there really such a word? I can find nothing with that spelling.
2133:. If the stone projects from a flat flint wall, the term is proudwork as the stone stands "proud" rather than being "flush" with the wall. 2129:
stone. It is characteristic of medieval buildings, most of the survivors churches, in several areas of Southern England, but especially
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1.  In a building facade, the space between the top of the window in one story and the sill of the window in the story above.
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The cornerstones of brick or stone walls. Quoins are also common in some brickwork corners that are alternately recessed and expressed.
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A building technique used in medieval timber frame buildings in which an upper floor projects beyond the dimensions of the floor below.
6777: 6717: 6690: 6034: 1904:. The term is not found in any classic author, but is a modern coinage, originating in Germany, to differentiate the feature from the 697:
A stone seat which runs round the walls of large churches, and sometimes round the piers; it very generally is placed in the porches.
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A structural member that runs the length of the ridge (high point) on a sloped roof to which the upper ends of rafters are attached.
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plant was pruned and trained with the main stem bare in sections, to achieve an appearance often likened to a "wedding cake".
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A structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below.
475:(plural: atria) The inner court of a Roman house; in a multi-story building, a toplit covered court rising through all stories. 431:
The manner or method of jointing parts such that each part is clear and distinct in relation to the others, even though joined.
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A slant created by cutting a wall around an opening such that the inside of the opening is wider or narrower than the outside.
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An overhanging, wall-mounted turret projecting from the walls, usually at the corners, of medieval fortifications or churches.
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A railed rooftop platform often having an inner cupola/turret frequently found on 19th-century North American coastal houses.
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The receding edge of a flat face. On a flat signboard, for example, the return is the edge which makes up the board's depth.
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An old architectural name given sometimes to the queen posts of a roof, and sometimes to the filling in quarters in framing.
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A temple tower of the ancient Mesopotamian valley, having the form of a terraced pyramid of successively receding stories.
6637: 6597: 4430: 2520:. Intercolumniation regularly occurs in six forms: pycnostyle, systyle, eustyle, diastyle, araeostyle, and araeosystyle. 898:
A vertical member projecting from a wall to stabilize it or to resist the lateral thrust of an arch, roof, or vault. A
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is carried alternately over and under the second, in the latter the mouldings actually intersect and stop one another.
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A habitable attic at the top of a larger building, generally with sloping walls, and with skylights or dormer windows.
2012: 1338:. Also called crow-steps. A gable featuring corbiesteps is known as a corbie gable, crow-step gable, or stepped gable. 425: 1993:
A window, semicircular or semi-elliptical in shape, with glazing bars or tracery sets radiating out like an open fan.
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A wing attached to a main or original house block, its axis at right angles to the original block, and often gabled.
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The architectural piece at the crown of a vault or arch and marks its apex, locking the other pieces into position.
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A block from which the diagonal ribs of a vault spring or start. The top of the springer is known as the skewback.
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The main body of a church where the congregants are usually seated. It provides the central approach to the high
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A row of rooms with aligned doorways, creating a linear processional route. Enfilades were common in upper-class
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The upper section of an entablature or a projecting shelf along the top of a wall often supported by brackets or
1095:, where they are placed near the ends of the ridgeline(s) of the roof through extension of or attachment to the 802:(literally "breast- beam") A large, horizontal beam supporting the wall above, especially in a jettied building. 673:: rests on corbels or brackets and starts above ground level; also the bay window at the dais end of a medieval 6572: 4095: 3495: 2496: 1897: 850: 3018:
only between the triglyphs which come over the axes of the columns. This is the usual arrangement, but in the
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An architectural niche that houses a body, as in a catacomb, hypogeum, mausoleum or other place of entombment.
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A horizontal block that spans the space between two supports usually over an opening such as a window or door.
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in which the center is left open (and often ornamented) by stopping the sloping sides short of the pediment's
375:, the small paved yard giving entry, via "area steps", to the basement floor at the front of a terraced house. 3220:: ὀρθοστάτης, standing upright) The Greek term for the lowest course of masonry of the external walls of the 2475:
An external moulded projection from a wall over an opening to throw off rainwater. Also known as a dripstone.
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An opaque partition consisting of a cloth or paper sheet over a wood framework, commonly seen in traditional
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A circular opening in the center of a dome such as the one in the roof of the Pantheon in Rome or in a wall.
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with a conical or onion-shaped crown, on or near a mosque, that is used by the imam to give the prayer call.
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that separates the lower and upper tiers of semi-circular seating and intersects with the vertical aisles.
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to the intercolumniation between the columns of a temple, when this was equal to one and a half diameters.
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A translucent partition consisting of a paper sheet over a wood framework, commonly seen in traditional
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A term for a standard arrangement of architectural features; most often refers to the three traditional
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A vertical or horizontal piece that divides a pane of glass into two or more panes or lites in a window.
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A superstructure of mouldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals.
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The fixed structure between the great hall and the screens passage in an English medieval timber house.
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Any architectural element’s underside, especially the board connecting the walls of a structure to the
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An opening, often arched, through an internal wall of a church providing an oblique view of the altar.
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The lights in the upper part of a perpendicular window, abated, or only half the width of those below.
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constructed of soft bricks rubbed to achieve a fine smooth finish with narrow joints between courses.
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The subsidiary space alongside the body of a building, separated from it by columns, piers, or posts.
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https://web.archive.org/web/20081012052215/http://en.allexperts.com/q/Architecture-2369/heifunon.htm
4176: 3202:, though there are others. Can also refer to types of mouldings most often found in Romanesque and 465:
A support sculpted in the form of a man, which may take the place of a column, a pier or a pilaster.
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A large and high circular hall or room in a building, usually but not always, surmounted by a dome.
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after the accomplished 17th-century French architect noted for using (not inventing) this style,
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A wedge-shaped or tapered stone between the springer and the keystone used to construct an arch.
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A heavy wooden or metallic grid vertically-sliding down and thus blocking the main gateway of a
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A structural piece of stone, wood or metal jutting from a wall to carry a superincumbent weight.
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is at least four diameters. The large interval between columns necessitates the use of a wooden
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The area on a plane directly beneath a structure, that has the same perimeter as the structure.
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Stalks (eight in number) with two leaves from which rise the helices or spiral scrolls of the
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An unsupported overhang acting as a lever, like a flagpole sticking out of the side of a wall.
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A small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle.
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A gable whose sides have a shape made up of one or more curves and has a pediment at the top.
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
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2.  A subordinate part of a building possibly not connected to the main building.
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A design or figure commonly used in architectural ornaments and design patterns, including
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orders; it forms the outer edge of the roof on the sides of a structure with a sloped roof.
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A sharp edge created when two surfaces converge; this includes the raised edge between two
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2.  The space between two arches or between an arch and a rectangular enclosure.
3526:
and is engaged in the face of a wall. Pilasters usually do not serve a structural purpose.
3305: 3267: 3187: 3032:
A vertical structural element of stone, wood or metal within a window frame (cp. transom).
2917:, particularly of intersecting perpendicular lines. Also known as a fret or a key pattern. 2590: 2559: 2137: 2039: 1923: 1726:
An entrance passage or avenue leading to a building, tomb or passageway. Those leading to
1673: 1349: 983: 899: 827: 5882: 5746:"The Japanese House: The Basic Elements of Traditional Japanese Residential Architecture" 5681: 5033: 4780: 4356: 4292:
A small, vertical space within a tall building which permits ventilation of the building.
3343:
A freestanding structure near the main building or an ending structure on building wings.
2875:
in which each face has two slopes, the lower one steeper than the upper; from the French
2070:
1.  A small band, either raised or sunken and usually square, used to separate
1099:. In most cases, the direction of the cut at the top of a chigi indicates the sex of the 6480: 6131: 6060: 5483: 5386: 5252: 5143: 5077: 4989: 4573: 3582:
doll or puppet used also in this sense, or from the flower, from a resemblance in shape.
523: 6344: 5948: 5770: 5745: 5585: 5563: 5330: 5296: 5274: 5099: 5011: 4162: 3747: 3653: 3312: 3237: 3217: 2903:
A face, usually human, sometimes frightening or chimeric, used as a decorative element.
2887: 2760: 2734:
An ornamental, lattice framework consisting of small strips in a criss-crossed pattern.
2721: 1797: 1443: 1427:
A stone chamber beneath the floor of a church or other building. It typically contains
1248: 1241: 624: 6301: 5926: 5230: 4758: 4158:
or other projecting element, to prevent water from running back onto the wall beneath.
485:
A small top story within a roof above the uppermost ceiling. The story above the main
421:
A thin vertical aperture in a fortification through which an archer can launch arrows.
6797: 5510: 5055: 4488: 4483: 3761:. Rake is equivalent to slope which is the ratio of the rise to the run of the roof. 3619:
A series of columns or arches in front of a building, generally as a covered walkway.
2907: 2770: 2672: 2406: 1575: 1328: 1147:
at the top and bottom of a column, which divides the shaft from the capital and base.
1092: 869: 839: 3426:. Almost all the Greek temples were peripteral, whether Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian. 3410:
A temple or other structure surrounded on all sides by columns forming a continuous
2857:, the sanctuary or praying-chamber in a mosque, sometimes enclosed with a screen of 3879: 3550: 3488: 2865: 2858: 2502:
A row of small figures along the unions of the roofs of Chinese official buildings.
1905: 1761: 1727: 1704: 1073:
The circular or horseshoe arch that decorates many Indian cave temples and shrines.
1067: 806: 725: 670: 598: 571: 451:
A moulding profile composed of a half-round surface surrounded by two flat planes (
303: 33: 1365:
with concave sides at the intersection with the horizontal beam that they carried.
1275:
In carpentry, architecture, and shipbuilding, a compass is a curved circular form.
3140:
that has been reduced in size, retaining the half-dome heading usual for an apse.
6516: 4338:
1.  A lateral part or projection of a building or structure such as a
4216: 4213: 4133: 4130: 4083: 3943:
A straight sloped part of a ceiling, such as on the underside of a pitched roof.
3854: 3783: 3593: 3316: 3210: 3195: 3191: 3011: 2931: 2928: 2728: 2552: 2437: 2434: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2130: 1849: 1838: 1751: 1734: 1666: 1432: 1220: 1151: 961: 885: 770: 691: 514: 486: 243: 212:
A flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column.
6462: 5208: 2042:, one of a series of bands (either fillets or faces) sometimes seen around the 1757:
An element of Classical Revival architecture in American domestic architecture.
989:
A window hung vertically, hinged one side, so that it swings inward or outward.
956: 6470: 6446: 4397: 4269: 4137: 4048: 3872: 3865: 3586: 3441: 3404: 3390: 3275: 3271: 3170: 2544:, interlacing or intersecting one another. In the former case, the first arch 2469: 2445: 2296: 2286: 2282:. They are sometimes finished with small crosses, but more often with finials. 2172: 2043: 1834: 1695:
A structural element of a building that protrudes from the plane of a sloping
1411: 1321: 1279: 1210: 1203: 937: 888:. Figuratively it means anything serving as a defence. Dutch loanword; Bolwerk 796: 743: 681: 674: 666: 655: 634: 561: 357: 296: 236: 17: 1946:, the estrade of a divan is called a Sopha, from which comes our word 'sofa'. 1718:
A plan for a structure that is two rooms deep but lacking a central corridor.
1216:
The upper part of the nave of a large church, containing a series of windows.
5639: 4339: 4065: 3826: 3806: 3708: 3685: 3642: 3460: 3449: 3397: 3284: 3019: 2982: 2517: 2341: 2115: 2055: 1997: 1963: 1909: 1885: 1563: 1559: 1252: 1163: 1052:
diagonally. Some buildings may be chamfered such that the base is octagonal.
917: 873: 857: 792:
A weight-bearing member made of wood, stone, or metal that overhangs a wall.
701: 415: 310: 3875:
of an English medieval house or castle, and separated from it by the spere.
2465:
A type of roof where all sides slope downwards from the ridge to the eaves.
2323:
A carved stone grotesque with a spout designed to convey water from a roof.
2199:
The French term for the wall-rib carrying the web or filling-in of a vault.
933:
An angled (oblique) line or surface, especially one that cuts off a corner.
490: 3466:
A continuous porch of columns surrounding a courtyard or garden (see also
3436:(Greek: Περίστασις) A four-sided porch or hall of columns surrounding the 5658: 4724:. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al. p. 371. 4561:. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al. p. 269. 4531:. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al. p. 269. 4383: 4317: 4206: 4076: 4027: 3981: 3631: 3512: 3362: 3347: 3337: 3323: 3046: 3015: 2935: 2872: 2846: 2839: 2749: 2745: 2661: 2649: 2604: 2579:
moulding, at the intersection with the horizontal beam that they carried.
2459: 2441: 2392: 2355: 2317: 2275: 2263: 2144: 2086: 1987: 1927: 1916: 1807:
built into and partially projecting from a wall, particularly notable in
1652: 973: 892: 881: 823: 816: 605: 591: 581: 539: 532: 504: 445: 394: 263: 6196: 5863:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. pp. 155–156. 5719: 4401: 4168:
The method of creating structures using heavy timbers jointed by pegged
2254:
A triangular portion of an end wall between the edges of a sloping roof.
661:
A window of one or more storeys projecting from the face of a building.
242:
The space enclosed in a church between the outer gate or railing of the
6512: 6371:(18th ed.). New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 1329. 6246:(18th ed.). New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 1327. 6087:(18th ed.). New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 1325. 5842:(18th ed.). New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 1323. 5797:(18th ed.). New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 1322. 5413:(18th ed.). New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 1319. 4862:(18th ed.). New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 1316. 4665:(18th ed.). New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 1315. 4501:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 509. 4313:
A spiral, scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order.
4186: 4034: 3704: 3646: 3613: 3543: 3453: 3411: 3295: 3087: 3073: 3026: 2964: 2828: 2811: 2369: 2307: 2279: 2216: 2168: 1859: 1842: 1644: 1636: 1604: 1530: 1369: 1117: 1113:
A fantastic, mythical or grotesque figure used for decorative purposes.
1056: 1042: 1009: 752: 736: 256:
1.  A raised panel below a window or wall monument or tablet.
4902: 4683: 2440:, one of a number of small, projecting, drop-like ornaments under the 2147:
that transmits the thrust to a heavy abutment by means of a half-arch.
4880: 4373: 4307: 4220: 4141: 3947: 3920: 3902: 3641:
that are widely spaced apart in a row. The term is often used as an
3638: 3596: 3561: 3535: 3519: 3380: 3351: 3330: 3133: 3069: 3065: 3036: 2946: 2942:. These may be ornamented or plain, and may be square or rectangular. 2939: 2921: 2801: 2738: 2713: 2634: 2568: 2513: 2417: 2362: 2348: 2327: 2223: 2126: 2093: 2082: 2032: 2024: 2008: 2004: 1977: 1943: 1815: 1804: 1689: 1519: 1512: 1466: 1428: 1376: 1307: 1259: 1230: 1178: 1088: 1002: 965: 812:
Projecting fins or canopies which shade windows from direct sunlight.
785: 756: 435: 390: 336: 292: 6392:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. p. 309. 6325:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. p. 263. 6016:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. p. 183. 5903: 5818:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. p. 124. 5701:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. p. 141. 5367:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. p. 115. 4838:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. pp. 82. 4735: 4008:
A tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building.
3508:
An upright support for a superstructure, such as an arch or bridge.
6174: 6152: 5969: 5120: 4954: 4936:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. p. 91. 4637: 4619:(9th ed.). London, England: Studio Editions Ltd. p. 62. 4296: 4227: 4002: 3974: 3962: 3909: 3898: 3437: 3423: 3419: 3400:
supporting the weight of a dome over a square or rectangular base.
3262: 3244: 3225: 3221: 3115: 3108: 2975: 2639: 2630: 2597: 2576: 2427: 2402:, a smooth or ornate part placed above the astragalus of a column. 2248: 2234: 2212: 2122: 2108: 2104: 2028: 1966:
as being of the best proportion, i.e. two and a quarter diameters.
1830: 1826: 1772: 1657: 1648: 1582: 1436: 1421: 1335: 1315: 1290: 1132: 1096: 1049: 1023: 955: 729: 522: 479: 401: 379: 339:. Blind arcade or arcading: the same applied to the wall surface. 226: 6264: 6218: 5991: 5606: 5460: 4813: 4594: 4192:
The stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window.
2679:
and sometimes helping to convey, by their parity, the sex of the
717:
1.  A roughly cut stone set in place for later carving.
407:
A type of rail, often wooden, with a cross-section resembling an
6413:
Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009
5881: 5032: 4779: 4041: 3958: 3753:
The diagonal outside facing edge of a gable, sometimes called a
3137: 3101: 3094: 3068:
of the cornice of the Greek Doric temple, which is studded with
2680: 2537: 2191:
The lower part of a pier. (A literal translation of "pedestal.")
2100: 1939: 1901: 1696: 1485: 1462:
or stairways. This shape also occurred in medieval architecture.
1100: 1048:
A transitional edge, often 45 degrees, formed by paring down an
903: 877: 865: 343: 328: 270: 6484: 6130: 6059: 5482: 5385: 5251: 5142: 5076: 4988: 4572: 2960:
in the wall of a mosque that indicates the direction of prayer.
1685:
at the intersection with the horizontal beam that they carried.
6343: 5947: 5769: 5584: 5562: 5329: 5295: 5273: 5098: 5010: 1525:
One of a series of small rectangular blocks projecting from a
1472:
A small, most often dome-like, structure on top of a building.
1458:
A wedge-shaped division of the Roman theatre separated by the
27:
List of definitions of terms and concepts used in architecture
6300: 5925: 5229: 4757: 2099:
An element marking the top or end of some object — such as a
441:
Masonry of large blocks cut with even faces and square edges.
40: 5054: 3672:
In Classical architecture, the enclosed space of a portico,
3494:
The principal floor of a large house, built in the style of
3254:
whose edge forms a convex quarter-circle or quarter-ellipse.
1639:
has twelve columns in front, as in the portico added to the
4721:
Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences
4558:
Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences
4528:
Cyclopædia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences
510:
A false balcony, or railing at the outer plane of a window.
2313:
A symmetrical two-sided roof with two slopes on each side.
1285:
The Latin term for the open space left in the roof of the
3534:
A building element sometimes used in the same sense as a
2358:
structure often found in parks, gardens and public areas.
2376:
that projects outward from the top of the frieze in the
1389:
A layer of the same unit running horizontally in a wall.
1029:
The inner chamber of a temple in classical architecture.
902:
transmits the thrust to a heavy abutment by means of an
6207:. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 541–542. 5525:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
4068:
ending in a platform and leading to the entrance of an
6461: 6286: 3093:
An enclosed passage between the main entrance and the
5187: 5185: 3518:
A flat, slightly projecting element that resembles a
3319:
chapel, in a church, and for the space thus enclosed.
3014:
column, which is observed by the intervention of one
2893:
A stone lintel, usually carved, with a marriage date.
2274:, after which the buttresses generally terminated in 2121:
The decorative combination on the same flat plane of
327:
A passage or walkway covered over by a succession of
6037:. Oxforddictionaries.com. 1912-04-28. Archived from 2913:
A decorative border consisting of a repeated linear
2777:
the ground to avoid damage or fire to the structure.
2596:
A raised surface, platform or terrace upon which an
2571:, that flared from the column to meet a rectangular 2237:
are similar to fusuma but are generally translucent.
2023:
1.  A board attached to the lower ends of
1595:
Temples which have a double range of columns in the
567:
A board fastened to the projecting gables of a roof.
1829:that encircles the structure’s rooms, similar to a 1194:
Describes the flow of people throughout a building.
1019:
in which the negative space makes a quarter-circle.
6311:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 393. 5936:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 102. 5730:. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 693. 5617:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 475. 5573:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 381. 5471:. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 628. 3538:, but more correctly applied to the soffit of the 3056:that in some circumstances, resembles stalactites. 1983:An exterior side of a building, usually the front. 6141:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 713. 5958:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 43. 5780:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 56. 5340:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 957. 5306:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 800. 5262:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 669. 4965:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 706. 4913:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 566. 4891:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 510. 4824:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 811. 4790:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 481. 4768:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 379. 4746:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 377. 4694:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 273. 4648:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 804. 4605:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 557. 3722:A small recess, often V-shaped, at the edge of a 2861:; occasionally, a similar enclosure round a tomb. 2817:A half-moon shaped space, either masonry or void. 2011:. Fan vaults are particularly connected with the 720:2.  An ornamental projection, a carved 5697:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Intercolumniation". 5207:. International catacomb society. Archived from 3977:, and to bear the weight of the structure above. 3676:, or stoa, generally behind a screen of columns. 3484:A building or columned arcade around a fountain. 1775:is inscribed with alternating oval and V-shaped 1202:A covered Greek temple, in contradistinction to 3812:The intersection of two or three barrel vaults. 2215:that hides the slope of the roof and becomes a 1533:. A string of dentils is known as dentillation. 1361:leaves, that flared from the column to meet an 630:An upwardly receding slope of a wall or column. 5523:Curl, James Stevens and Wilson, Susan (2015). 3923:are similar to shoji but are generally opaque. 1793:and are used in museum layouts to manage flow. 1135:in Greek temples where oracles were delivered. 884:running round the ship above the level of the 6496: 6430:. New York: John Wiley and Sons. p. 30. 5448:Dictionary of architecture & construction 5205:"Glossary of terms related to the catacoombs" 2380:and from the top of the frieze course of the 1681:that flared from the column to meet a square 953:The topmost member of a column (or pilaster). 8: 5547:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3703:Also known as a quadriportico, a four-sided 2368:(Greek: γεῖσον — often interchangeable with 353:a space while supporting significant weight. 4855:Fletcher, Banister (1975). "Corbie Gable". 4834:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Corbie-steps". 3897:, the lower rail, made from wood, to which 2629:, the upper rail, made from wood, to which 1496:A circular projecting portico with columns. 6503: 6489: 6481: 2077:2.  The raised edge between two 665:: with a straight front and angled sides. 6390:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 6323:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 6014:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 5861:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 5816:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 5699:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 5527:(3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. 5365:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 4934:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 4836:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 4617:A Concise Glossary of Architectural Terms 3707:. The closest modern parallel would be a 2337:Gauged brickwork (also rubbed brickwork) 2175:), five (cinquefoil), or a larger number. 1938:The French term for a raised platform or 1624:A portico having two columns between two 6035:"Parapet defined in Oxford Dictionaries" 5352:"Understanding Fascia and Soffit Repair" 2054:An enclosure or chapel within which the 1399:Ornamentation along the ridge of a roof. 1334:A series of steps along the slopes of a 6388:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Triglyph". 6080:Fletcher, Banister (1975). "Pilaster". 4451: 3649:which projects from the main structure. 3470:). In ecclesial architecture, the term 1488:), in which the lower curve is concave. 1123:A structure which provides ventilation. 6618:Electrical and electronics engineering 6603:Developmental and reproductive biology 5540: 5191: 4658:Fletcher, Banister (1975). "Chamfer". 4615:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Cavetto". 4223:consisting of three vertical recesses. 4110:, columns rather thickly set, with an 3311:A screen or railing used to enclose a 3176:A dome whose shape resembles an onion. 1651:, the architect of the arsenal at the 1293:) for lighting it and the rooms round. 1131:A chamber between the pronaos and the 222:A sculptural embellishment of an arch. 6364:Fletcher, Banister (1975). "Taenia". 6107:"All About Pilasters in Architecture" 5859:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Metope". 5835:Fletcher, Banister (1975). "Metope". 5790:Fletcher, Banister (1975). "Lesene". 5739: 5737: 5406:Fletcher, Banister (1975). "Fillet". 5363:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Fascia". 4800: 7: 6321:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Splay". 6239:Fletcher, Banister (1975). "Quirk". 6012:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Ovolo". 4583:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1911. 4421:List of classical architecture terms 4370: 4331: 4283: 4266: 4122: 4114:to which two diameters are assigned. 3851: 3744: 3696: 3281: 3148: 3084: 3052:A type of decorative corbel used in 2825: 2701: 2618: 2587: 2493: 2456: 2245: 2035:, the fascia helps enclose the eave. 1974: 1748: 1504: 914: 501: 203: 6428:A Visual Dictionary of Architecture 5814:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Fret". 5354:. Angi. 2022. Retrieved 2022-11-13. 4932:Parker, John Henry (1994). "Cyma". 2720:adorned with a pattern of recessed 2528:A scheme of decoration employed in 309:An architectural term applied to a 3386:A framework placed above a window. 1511:Finely toothed or notched; having 1303:The capping or covering of a wall. 25: 6648:Genetics and evolutionary biology 5169:English Heritage Online Thesaurus 4154:A continuous groove underneath a 4136:, a raised fillet separating the 3578:probably derived from the French 2652:at the end of the ridgeline of a 1825:, a section of floor outside the 1574:A horizontal aisle in an ancient 6447:"Glossary of Egyptian Mythology" 5744:Takashi, Sasaki (27 June 2021). 5680:. Take a look at the photo at 4704: 4541: 4511: 4475: 4400: 2708:The Latin term for a paneled or 6652:Cellular and molecular biology 5450:, 4th ed, McGraw-Hill, NY, 2006 4094:In American architecture, esp. 3467: 868:used in 15th- and 16th-century 317:is alternately wide and narrow. 189: 5688:|archive-date= 12 October 2008 5317:"The medieval Garden Enclosed" 3871:The passage at one end of the 3673: 3445: 3414:at the distance of one or two 3132:In classical architecture, an 3064:A rectangular block under the 1884:) A large hall in the ancient 1596: 1558:around the great court of the 1555: 349:A curved structure capable of 291:in which the distance between 1: 6105:Craven, Jackie (2018-08-26). 5634:"Q & A about "heifunon."" 4348:3.  The sides of a 3664:only having isolated columns. 3660: 3471: 3190:of Western architecture: the 2998:A decorative finishing strip. 2838:, a pillared outdoor hall or 2448:as well as under the mutules. 179: 6464:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica 6426:Ching, Francis D.K. (1995). 4978:, accessed December 15, 2019 4431:List of architectural vaults 2512:The interval separating one 1948:In historical gardening, an 1833:or, when itself enclosed by 527:A page of fanciful balusters 4463:Merriam-Webster Dictionary. 4436:List of structural elements 2444:between the taenia and the 2262:Triangular terminations to 1926:architecture, an elaborate 1545:of three or four diameters. 1091:used almost exclusively on 728:at the intersection of the 246:and the door of the screen. 6845: 6753:Probability and statistics 3928:Site-specific architecture 2540:are thrown from alternate 1880: 960:The Caryatid Porch of the 844:early type of window glass 184: 6523: 6411:Oxford English Dictionary 6368:A History of Architecture 6243:A History of Architecture 6198:"Pseudo-peripteral"  6084:A History of Architecture 5839:A History of Architecture 5794:A History of Architecture 5721:"Interlaced Arches"  5446:Harris, Cyril M., (ed.), 5410:A History of Architecture 4859:A History of Architecture 4662:A History of Architecture 3166:trefoils and quatrefoils. 2211:, often ornamental, on a 993:Cauliculus, or caulicole 6366:Sir Banister Fletcher's 6241:Sir Banister Fletcher's 6082:Sir Banister Fletcher's 5837:Sir Banister Fletcher's 5792:Sir Banister Fletcher's 5408:Sir Banister Fletcher's 5319:, Met Museum blog, 2009 4857:Sir Banister Fletcher's 4660:Sir Banister Fletcher's 4219:, an ornament along the 4096:Richardsonian Romanesque 4030:on each side of an arch. 3496:renaissance architecture 2497:Imperial roof decoration 1912:was an enclosed chamber. 397:, if that edge is sharp. 50: 6829:Visual arts terminology 6548:Artificial intelligence 6351:Encyclopædia Britannica 6308:Encyclopædia Britannica 6272:Encyclopædia Britannica 6226:Encyclopædia Britannica 6204:Encyclopædia Britannica 6182:Encyclopædia Britannica 6160:Encyclopædia Britannica 6138:Encyclopædia Britannica 6067:Encyclopædia Britannica 5999:Encyclopædia Britannica 5977:Encyclopædia Britannica 5955:Encyclopædia Britannica 5933:Encyclopædia Britannica 5911:Encyclopædia Britannica 5889:Encyclopædia Britannica 5777:Encyclopædia Britannica 5727:Encyclopædia Britannica 5614:Encyclopædia Britannica 5592:Encyclopædia Britannica 5570:Encyclopædia Britannica 5513:. Retrieved 2022-11-13. 5490:Encyclopædia Britannica 5468:Encyclopædia Britannica 5393:Encyclopædia Britannica 5337:Encyclopædia Britannica 5303:Encyclopædia Britannica 5281:Encyclopædia Britannica 5259:Encyclopædia Britannica 5237:Encyclopædia Britannica 5150:Encyclopædia Britannica 5128:Encyclopædia Britannica 5106:Encyclopædia Britannica 5084:Encyclopædia Britannica 5062:Encyclopædia Britannica 5040:Encyclopædia Britannica 5018:Encyclopædia Britannica 4996:Encyclopædia Britannica 4962:Encyclopædia Britannica 4910:Encyclopædia Britannica 4904:"Crypto-porticus"  4888:Encyclopædia Britannica 4821:Encyclopædia Britannica 4787:Encyclopædia Britannica 4765:Encyclopædia Britannica 4743:Encyclopædia Britannica 4691:Encyclopædia Britannica 4685:"Chresmographion"  4645:Encyclopædia Britannica 4602:Encyclopædia Britannica 4580:Encyclopædia Britannica 4498:Encyclopædia Britannica 4441:Glossary of engineering 4416:Outline of architecture 4197:Transom (architectural) 2089:, if that edge is flat. 2058:shrine, or tomb (as in 1924:Churrigueresque Baroque 880:the term refers to the 546:is called a balustrade. 6824:Architectural elements 6809:Glossaries of the arts 6778:Structural engineering 6718:Mechanical engineering 6691:Western and South Asia 6354:(11th ed.). 1911. 6275:(11th ed.). 1911. 6229:(11th ed.). 1911. 6185:(11th ed.). 1911. 6163:(11th ed.). 1911. 6070:(11th ed.). 1911. 6002:(11th ed.). 1911. 5980:(11th ed.). 1911. 5914:(11th ed.). 1911. 5892:(11th ed.). 1911. 5638:All Experts, owned by 5595:(11th ed.). 1911. 5493:(11th ed.). 1911. 5396:(11th ed.). 1911. 5284:(11th ed.). 1911. 5240:(11th ed.). 1911. 5153:(11th ed.). 1911. 5131:(11th ed.). 1911. 5109:(11th ed.). 1911. 5087:(11th ed.). 1911. 5065:(11th ed.). 1911. 5043:(11th ed.). 1911. 5021:(11th ed.). 1911. 4999:(11th ed.). 1911. 4882:"Cross Springer"  3659:A temple similar to a 3530:Planceer or Planchier 3418:from the walls of the 3279: 3278:Church, Devon, England 2657: 2038:2.  In some 1662: 1599:, as in the temple of 1324: 969: 777:, "to butt" or "abut". 769:A type of support. An 528: 170: 165: 160: 155: 150: 145: 140: 135: 130: 125: 120: 115: 110: 105: 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 75: 70: 65: 60: 55: 6814:Glossaries of science 6643:Environmental science 6528:Aerospace engineering 5682:the top of this page. 5506:CollinsDictionary.com 4465:Retrieved 2022-11-12. 3917:Japanese architecture 3895:Japanese architecture 3266: 2669:Japanese architecture 2643: 2627:Japanese architecture 2266:, much in use in the 2231:Japanese architecture 1823:Japanese architecture 1661: 1319: 1166:in sculpture, and of 1085:Japanese architecture 959: 526: 373:Georgian architecture 367:Area or basement area 6804:Building engineering 6476:Page has search box. 5905:"Monotriglyph"  5435:Looking at Buildings 4737:"Cinque Cento"  3645:when referring to a 3440:in an ancient Greek 3054:Islamic architecture 3006:The interval of the 2972:Islamic architecture 2954:Islamic architecture 2934:, the space between 2855:Islamic architecture 2536:architecture, where 1930:with a tapered base. 1791:Baroque architecture 1320:A corbie gable from 6460:Table of contents. 6176:"Prick posts"  6154:"Poppy Heads"  5971:"Orthostatae"  5674:Colonial-era houses 5165:"Double depth plan" 5122:"Dodecastyle"  4956:"Cyrto-style"  4639:"Chalcidicum"  4408:Architecture portal 3782:A projection in an 2842:for public rituals. 2836:Indian architecture 1635:A temple where the 1617:Having two columns. 6819:Architecture lists 6409:"Wing" def. 9. a. 6266:"Rear Vault"  6220:"Pycnostyle"  5993:"Orthostyle"  5647:on 12 October 2008 5608:"Garretting"  5462:"Foot-stall"  4815:"Compluvium"  4596:"Cauliculus"  4072:or other building. 4070:apartment building 3957:or the end of the 3416:intercolumniations 3396:Three-dimensional 3280: 3270:, c. 1530, of the 2658: 2516:from another in a 2372:) The part of the 2299:(also Garretting) 2060:Henry VII's chapel 1809:Roman architecture 1663: 1325: 1289:of a Roman house ( 1059:(also Presbytery) 999:Corinthian capital 970: 872:designed to mount 529: 409:isosceles triangle 6791: 6790: 6773:Scientific naming 6763:Quantum computing 6593:Computer hardware 6588:Clinical research 6583:Civil engineering 5883:"Modillion"  5676:- especially the 5632:(10 April 2007). 5034:"Diazomata"  4781:"Cleithral"  4712:Chambers, Ephraim 4549:Chambers, Ephraim 4519:Chambers, Ephraim 4287:Ventilation shaft 4170:mortise and tenon 4112:intercolumniation 3969:Sommer or Summer 3599:or fortification. 3444:temple (see also 3368:(Gr. ἀετός, Lat. 3008:intercolumniation 2956:, a semicircular 2600:temple is placed. 2558:One of the three 2524:Interlaced arches 2507:Intercolumniation 2272:Decorated periods 2031:. Along with the 1960:Intercolumniation 1714:Double-depth plan 1672:One of the three 1641:Temple of Demeter 1543:intercolumniation 1348:One of the three 1143:A ring, list, or 840:small oval window 551:Bar-stayed girder 315:intercolumniation 289:intercolumniation 16:(Redirected from 6836: 6598:Computer science 6505: 6498: 6491: 6482: 6474: 6468: 6456: 6454: 6453: 6441: 6414: 6407: 6401: 6386: 6380: 6362: 6356: 6355: 6347: 6340: 6334: 6319: 6313: 6312: 6304: 6297: 6291: 6290: 6289:. 11 March 2021. 6283: 6277: 6276: 6268: 6261: 6255: 6237: 6231: 6230: 6222: 6215: 6209: 6208: 6200: 6193: 6187: 6186: 6178: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6156: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6134: 6132:"Planceer"  6127: 6121: 6120: 6118: 6117: 6102: 6096: 6078: 6072: 6071: 6063: 6061:"Parclose"  6056: 6050: 6049: 6047: 6046: 6041:on July 18, 2012 6031: 6025: 6010: 6004: 6003: 5995: 5988: 5982: 5981: 5973: 5966: 5960: 5959: 5951: 5944: 5938: 5937: 5929: 5922: 5916: 5915: 5907: 5900: 5894: 5893: 5885: 5878: 5872: 5857: 5851: 5833: 5827: 5812: 5806: 5788: 5782: 5781: 5773: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5756: 5741: 5732: 5731: 5723: 5716: 5710: 5695: 5689: 5656: 5654: 5652: 5643:. Archived from 5628:Richard Taylor, 5625: 5619: 5618: 5610: 5603: 5597: 5596: 5588: 5581: 5575: 5574: 5566: 5559: 5553: 5552: 5546: 5538: 5520: 5514: 5501: 5495: 5494: 5486: 5484:"Formeret"  5479: 5473: 5472: 5464: 5457: 5451: 5444: 5438: 5428: 5422: 5404: 5398: 5397: 5389: 5387:"Feretory"  5382: 5376: 5361: 5355: 5350:Bonk, Lawrence. 5348: 5342: 5341: 5333: 5326: 5320: 5314: 5308: 5307: 5299: 5292: 5286: 5285: 5277: 5270: 5264: 5263: 5255: 5253:"Ephebeum"  5248: 5242: 5241: 5233: 5226: 5220: 5219: 5217: 5216: 5201: 5195: 5189: 5180: 5179: 5177: 5175: 5161: 5155: 5154: 5146: 5144:"Dosseret"  5139: 5133: 5132: 5124: 5117: 5111: 5110: 5102: 5095: 5089: 5088: 5080: 5078:"Dipteral"  5073: 5067: 5066: 5058: 5051: 5045: 5044: 5036: 5029: 5023: 5022: 5014: 5007: 5001: 5000: 4992: 4990:"Diastyle"  4985: 4979: 4973: 4967: 4966: 4958: 4951: 4945: 4930: 4924: 4921: 4915: 4914: 4906: 4899: 4893: 4892: 4884: 4877: 4871: 4853: 4847: 4832: 4826: 4825: 4817: 4810: 4804: 4798: 4792: 4791: 4783: 4776: 4770: 4769: 4761: 4754: 4748: 4747: 4739: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4708: 4707: 4702: 4696: 4695: 4687: 4680: 4674: 4656: 4650: 4649: 4641: 4634: 4628: 4613: 4607: 4606: 4598: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4576: 4574:"Cancelli"  4569: 4563: 4562: 4545: 4544: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4515: 4514: 4509: 4503: 4502: 4481: 4479: 4478: 4472: 4466: 4456: 4410: 4405: 4404: 4297:Vierendeel truss 4108:classical orders 3961:, enclosing the 3684:A term given by 3200:Corinthian order 3188:classical orders 2881:François Mansart 2710:coffered ceiling 2675:, placed behind 2040:Classical orders 1882: 1612:Distyle in antis 1437:religious relics 1343:Corinthian order 1174:in architecture. 262:3.  A 45: 21: 6844: 6843: 6839: 6838: 6837: 6835: 6834: 6833: 6794: 6793: 6792: 6787: 6686:Hebrew toponyms 6681:Arabic toponyms 6519: 6509: 6459: 6451: 6449: 6445:Deurer (2011). 6444: 6438: 6425: 6422: 6417: 6408: 6404: 6387: 6383: 6363: 6359: 6345:"Systyle"  6342: 6341: 6337: 6320: 6316: 6299: 6298: 6294: 6285: 6284: 6280: 6263: 6262: 6258: 6238: 6234: 6217: 6216: 6212: 6195: 6194: 6190: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6151: 6150: 6146: 6129: 6128: 6124: 6115: 6113: 6104: 6103: 6099: 6079: 6075: 6058: 6057: 6053: 6044: 6042: 6033: 6032: 6028: 6011: 6007: 5990: 5989: 5985: 5968: 5967: 5963: 5949:"Oillets"  5946: 5945: 5941: 5924: 5923: 5919: 5902: 5901: 5897: 5880: 5879: 5875: 5858: 5854: 5834: 5830: 5813: 5809: 5789: 5785: 5771:"Lacunar"  5768: 5767: 5763: 5754: 5752: 5743: 5742: 5735: 5718: 5717: 5713: 5696: 5692: 5662:: In the film 5650: 5648: 5627: 5626: 5622: 5605: 5604: 5600: 5586:"Godroon"  5583: 5582: 5578: 5564:"Gablets"  5561: 5560: 5556: 5539: 5535: 5522: 5521: 5517: 5502: 5498: 5481: 5480: 5476: 5459: 5458: 5454: 5445: 5441: 5429: 5425: 5405: 5401: 5384: 5383: 5379: 5362: 5358: 5349: 5345: 5331:"Eustyle"  5328: 5327: 5323: 5315: 5311: 5297:"Estrade"  5294: 5293: 5289: 5275:"Epinaos"  5272: 5271: 5267: 5250: 5249: 5245: 5228: 5227: 5223: 5214: 5212: 5203: 5202: 5198: 5190: 5183: 5173: 5171: 5163: 5162: 5158: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5119: 5118: 5114: 5100:"Distyle"  5097: 5096: 5092: 5075: 5074: 5070: 5053: 5052: 5048: 5031: 5030: 5026: 5012:"Diaulos"  5009: 5008: 5004: 4987: 4986: 4982: 4976:Free Dictionary 4974: 4970: 4953: 4952: 4948: 4931: 4927: 4923:Vitruvius v. 4. 4922: 4918: 4901: 4900: 4896: 4879: 4878: 4874: 4854: 4850: 4833: 4829: 4812: 4811: 4807: 4799: 4795: 4778: 4777: 4773: 4756: 4755: 4751: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4710: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4682: 4681: 4677: 4657: 4653: 4636: 4635: 4631: 4614: 4610: 4593: 4592: 4588: 4571: 4570: 4566: 4547: 4542: 4540: 4536: 4517: 4512: 4510: 4506: 4493:Batement Lights 4491:, ed. (1911). " 4487: 4476: 4474: 4473: 4469: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4426:Classical order 4406: 4399: 4396: 4386: 4376: 4369: 4359: 4350:stage (theatre) 4335: 4330: 4320: 4310: 4299: 4289: 4282: 4272: 4265: 4251: 4241: 4230: 4209: 4199: 4189: 4179: 4165: 4151: 4126: 4121: 4103: 4091: 4079: 4061: 4051: 4037: 4023: 4013: 4005: 3995: 3984: 3970: 3950: 3940: 3930: 3912: 3890: 3882: 3868: 3866:Screens passage 3857: 3850: 3840: 3829: 3819: 3809: 3798: 3790: 3779: 3766: 3759:sloping cornice 3750: 3743: 3733: 3719: 3700: 3695: 3681: 3669: 3656: 3634: 3624: 3616: 3606: 3589: 3574: 3564: 3553: 3531: 3515: 3505: 3491: 3481: 3463: 3433: 3407: 3393: 3383: 3365: 3355: 3340: 3326: 3308: 3306:Parclose screen 3298: 3287: 3268:Parclose screen 3261: 3247: 3233: 3213: 3183: 3173: 3162: 3154: 3147: 3129: 3118: 3104: 3090: 3083: 3061: 3049: 3039: 3029: 3003: 2995: 2985: 2967: 2949: 2924: 2910: 2900: 2890: 2868: 2850: 2831: 2824: 2814: 2804: 2794: 2784: 2773: 2763: 2741: 2731: 2705: 2700: 2690: 2664: 2622: 2617: 2607: 2593: 2586: 2555: 2525: 2509: 2499: 2492: 2482: 2472: 2462: 2455: 2430: 2420: 2409: 2395: 2365: 2354:A freestanding 2351: 2338: 2330: 2320: 2310: 2300: 2289: 2259: 2251: 2244: 2226: 2204: 2196: 2188: 2180: 2163: 2152: 2140: 2138:Flying buttress 2118: 2096: 2067: 2051: 2020: 2000: 1990: 1980: 1973: 1956: 1935: 1919: 1908:, which in the 1893: 1871: 1862: 1852: 1818: 1800: 1786: 1764: 1754: 1747: 1737: 1723: 1715: 1707: 1692: 1669: 1632: 1621: 1614: 1592: 1585: 1571: 1562:, described by 1552: 1538: 1522: 1508: 1503: 1493: 1477: 1469: 1455: 1446: 1424: 1414: 1404: 1396: 1386: 1372: 1357:decorated with 1345: 1331: 1310: 1300: 1282: 1272: 1262: 1244: 1233: 1223: 1213: 1199: 1191: 1181: 1154: 1140: 1128: 1127:Chresmographion 1120: 1110: 1080: 1070: 1060: 1045: 1034: 1026: 1012: 1001:to support the 994: 986: 984:Casement window 976: 950: 940: 930: 920: 913: 900:flying buttress 895: 853: 835: 834:Bullseye window 819: 817:Broken pediment 809: 799: 789: 766: 739: 714: 704: 694: 684: 658: 647: 637: 627: 617: 616:Batement Lights 608: 594: 584: 574: 564: 553: 535: 517: 507: 500: 489:of a classical 482: 472: 462: 448: 438: 428: 418: 404: 382: 368: 360: 346: 324: 313:, in which the 306: 284: 273: 253: 239: 229: 219: 209: 202: 197: 196: 195: 194: 46: 43: 30:This page is a 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6842: 6840: 6832: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6806: 6796: 6795: 6789: 6788: 6786: 6785: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6745: 6740: 6738:Nanotechnology 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6708:Machine vision 6705: 6700: 6695: 6694: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6665: 6664: 6663: 6658: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6635: 6634: 6633: 6628: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6530: 6524: 6521: 6520: 6511:Glossaries of 6510: 6508: 6507: 6500: 6493: 6485: 6479: 6478: 6457: 6442: 6436: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6415: 6402: 6381: 6357: 6335: 6314: 6302:"Sommer"  6292: 6278: 6256: 6232: 6210: 6188: 6166: 6144: 6122: 6097: 6073: 6051: 6026: 6005: 5983: 5961: 5939: 5927:"Mutule"  5917: 5895: 5873: 5852: 5828: 5807: 5783: 5761: 5733: 5711: 5690: 5678:Georgian style 5665:At First Sight 5620: 5598: 5576: 5554: 5533: 5515: 5496: 5474: 5452: 5439: 5423: 5399: 5377: 5356: 5343: 5321: 5309: 5287: 5265: 5243: 5231:"Dromos"  5221: 5196: 5181: 5156: 5134: 5112: 5090: 5068: 5046: 5024: 5002: 4980: 4968: 4946: 4925: 4916: 4894: 4872: 4848: 4827: 4805: 4793: 4771: 4759:"Cippus"  4749: 4727: 4714:, ed. (1728). 4697: 4675: 4651: 4629: 4608: 4586: 4564: 4551:, ed. (1728). 4534: 4521:, ed. (1728). 4504: 4489:Chisholm, Hugh 4467: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4444: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4412: 4411: 4395: 4392: 4391: 4390: 4387: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4372: 4368: 4365: 4364: 4363: 4360: 4355: 4353: 4346: 4343: 4336: 4333: 4329: 4326: 4325: 4324: 4321: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4306: 4304: 4300: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4285: 4281: 4278: 4277: 4276: 4273: 4268: 4264: 4261: 4260: 4259: 4252: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4237: 4235: 4231: 4226: 4224: 4210: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4177:Trabeated arch 4175: 4173: 4166: 4163:Timber framing 4161: 4159: 4152: 4147: 4145: 4127: 4124: 4120: 4117: 4116: 4115: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4080: 4075: 4073: 4062: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4047: 4045: 4038: 4033: 4031: 4024: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3985: 3980: 3978: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3951: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3926: 3924: 3913: 3908: 3906: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3878: 3876: 3869: 3864: 3862: 3858: 3853: 3849: 3846: 3845: 3844: 3841: 3836: 3834: 3830: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3805: 3803: 3799: 3797:Revolving door 3796: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3755:raking cornice 3751: 3746: 3742: 3739: 3738: 3737: 3734: 3729: 3727: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3701: 3699:Quadriporticus 3698: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3689: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3657: 3654:Pseudodipteral 3652: 3650: 3635: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3602: 3600: 3590: 3585: 3583: 3575: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3560: 3558: 3554: 3549: 3547: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3516: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3501: 3499: 3492: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3477: 3475: 3464: 3459: 3457: 3434: 3429: 3427: 3408: 3403: 3401: 3394: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3379: 3377: 3366: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3336: 3334: 3327: 3322: 3320: 3313:chantry chapel 3309: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3294: 3292: 3288: 3283: 3260: 3257: 3256: 3255: 3248: 3243: 3241: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3214: 3209: 3207: 3184: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3169: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3158: 3155: 3150: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3141: 3130: 3125: 3123: 3119: 3114: 3112: 3105: 3100: 3098: 3091: 3086: 3082: 3079: 3078: 3077: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3050: 3045: 3043: 3040: 3035: 3033: 3030: 3025: 3023: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2981: 2979: 2968: 2963: 2961: 2950: 2945: 2943: 2925: 2920: 2918: 2911: 2906: 2904: 2901: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2888:Marriage stone 2886: 2884: 2869: 2864: 2862: 2851: 2845: 2843: 2832: 2827: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2818: 2815: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2780: 2778: 2774: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2759: 2757: 2742: 2737: 2735: 2732: 2727: 2725: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2696: 2695: 2694: 2691: 2686: 2684: 2673:Shinto shrines 2665: 2660: 2638: 2623: 2620: 2616: 2613: 2612: 2611: 2608: 2603: 2601: 2594: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2580: 2556: 2551: 2549: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2510: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2495: 2491: 2488: 2487: 2486: 2483: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2458: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2449: 2431: 2426: 2424: 2421: 2416: 2414: 2410: 2405: 2403: 2396: 2391: 2389: 2366: 2361: 2359: 2352: 2347: 2345: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2295: 2293: 2290: 2285: 2283: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2247: 2243: 2240: 2239: 2238: 2227: 2222: 2220: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2164: 2159: 2157: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2141: 2136: 2134: 2119: 2114: 2112: 2097: 2092: 2090: 2075: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2062:), was placed. 2052: 2049: 2047: 2036: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013:English Gothic 2001: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1976: 1972: 1969: 1968: 1967: 1957: 1954: 1947: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1920: 1915: 1913: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1863: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1848: 1846: 1819: 1814: 1812: 1801: 1798:Engaged column 1796: 1794: 1787: 1782: 1780: 1767:An ornamental 1765: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1741: 1738: 1733: 1731: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1702: 1700: 1693: 1688: 1686: 1670: 1665: 1656: 1647:, designed by 1633: 1630: 1628: 1622: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1610: 1608: 1593: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1581: 1579: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1553: 1548: 1546: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1523: 1518: 1516: 1509: 1506: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1465: 1463: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1444:Cryptoporticus 1442: 1440: 1425: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403:Cross Springer 1402: 1400: 1397: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1382: 1380: 1373: 1368: 1366: 1346: 1341: 1339: 1332: 1327: 1314: 1311: 1306: 1304: 1301: 1296: 1294: 1283: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1258: 1256: 1249:hypotrachelium 1245: 1242:Hypotrachelium 1239: 1237: 1234: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1209: 1207: 1200: 1197: 1195: 1192: 1187: 1185: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1155: 1150: 1148: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1106: 1104: 1093:Shinto shrines 1081: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1055: 1053: 1046: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1022: 1020: 1013: 1008: 1006: 995: 992: 990: 987: 982: 980: 977: 972: 954: 951: 946: 944: 941: 936: 934: 931: 926: 924: 921: 916: 912: 909: 908: 907: 896: 891: 889: 870:fortifications 854: 849: 847: 836: 833: 831: 820: 815: 813: 810: 805: 803: 800: 795: 793: 790: 780: 778: 767: 762: 760: 740: 735: 733: 718: 715: 710: 708: 705: 700: 698: 695: 690: 688: 685: 680: 678: 659: 654: 652: 648: 643: 641: 638: 633: 631: 628: 625:Batter (walls) 623: 621: 618: 615: 613: 609: 604: 602: 595: 590: 588: 585: 580: 578: 575: 570: 568: 565: 560: 558: 554: 549: 547: 536: 531: 521: 518: 513: 511: 508: 503: 499: 496: 495: 494: 483: 478: 476: 473: 468: 466: 463: 458: 456: 449: 444: 442: 439: 434: 432: 429: 424: 422: 419: 414: 412: 405: 400: 398: 383: 378: 376: 369: 366: 364: 361: 356: 354: 347: 342: 340: 325: 320: 318: 307: 302: 300: 285: 280: 278: 274: 269: 267: 260: 257: 254: 249: 247: 240: 235: 233: 230: 225: 223: 220: 215: 213: 210: 205: 201: 198: 193: 192: 187: 182: 174: 173: 168: 163: 158: 153: 148: 143: 138: 133: 128: 123: 118: 113: 108: 103: 98: 93: 88: 83: 78: 73: 68: 63: 58: 53: 47: 42: 41: 39: 26: 24: 18:Quadriporticus 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6841: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6801: 6799: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6668: 6666: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6525: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6506: 6501: 6499: 6494: 6492: 6487: 6486: 6483: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6465: 6458: 6448: 6443: 6439: 6437:0-471-28451-3 6433: 6429: 6424: 6423: 6419: 6412: 6406: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6391: 6385: 6382: 6378: 6374: 6370: 6369: 6361: 6358: 6353: 6352: 6346: 6339: 6336: 6332: 6328: 6324: 6318: 6315: 6310: 6309: 6303: 6296: 6293: 6288: 6282: 6279: 6274: 6273: 6267: 6260: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6244: 6236: 6233: 6228: 6227: 6221: 6214: 6211: 6206: 6205: 6199: 6192: 6189: 6184: 6183: 6177: 6170: 6167: 6162: 6161: 6155: 6148: 6145: 6140: 6139: 6133: 6126: 6123: 6112: 6108: 6101: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6085: 6077: 6074: 6069: 6068: 6062: 6055: 6052: 6040: 6036: 6030: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6009: 6006: 6001: 6000: 5994: 5987: 5984: 5979: 5978: 5972: 5965: 5962: 5957: 5956: 5950: 5943: 5940: 5935: 5934: 5928: 5921: 5918: 5913: 5912: 5906: 5899: 5896: 5891: 5890: 5884: 5877: 5874: 5870: 5866: 5862: 5856: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5840: 5832: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5811: 5808: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5795: 5787: 5784: 5779: 5778: 5772: 5765: 5762: 5751: 5747: 5740: 5738: 5734: 5729: 5728: 5722: 5715: 5712: 5708: 5704: 5700: 5694: 5691: 5687: 5683: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5667: 5666: 5661: 5660: 5646: 5642: 5641: 5635: 5631: 5624: 5621: 5616: 5615: 5609: 5602: 5599: 5594: 5593: 5587: 5580: 5577: 5572: 5571: 5565: 5558: 5555: 5550: 5544: 5536: 5534:9780199674985 5530: 5526: 5519: 5516: 5512: 5511:HarperCollins 5508: 5507: 5503:"fractable". 5500: 5497: 5492: 5491: 5485: 5478: 5475: 5470: 5469: 5463: 5456: 5453: 5449: 5443: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5427: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5411: 5403: 5400: 5395: 5394: 5388: 5381: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5366: 5360: 5357: 5353: 5347: 5344: 5339: 5338: 5332: 5325: 5322: 5318: 5313: 5310: 5305: 5304: 5298: 5291: 5288: 5283: 5282: 5276: 5269: 5266: 5261: 5260: 5254: 5247: 5244: 5239: 5238: 5232: 5225: 5222: 5211:on 2006-10-27 5210: 5206: 5200: 5197: 5193: 5188: 5186: 5182: 5170: 5166: 5160: 5157: 5152: 5151: 5145: 5138: 5135: 5130: 5129: 5123: 5116: 5113: 5108: 5107: 5101: 5094: 5091: 5086: 5085: 5079: 5072: 5069: 5064: 5063: 5057: 5056:"Dikka"  5050: 5047: 5042: 5041: 5035: 5028: 5025: 5020: 5019: 5013: 5006: 5003: 4998: 4997: 4991: 4984: 4981: 4977: 4972: 4969: 4964: 4963: 4957: 4950: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4929: 4926: 4920: 4917: 4912: 4911: 4905: 4898: 4895: 4890: 4889: 4883: 4876: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4860: 4852: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4831: 4828: 4823: 4822: 4816: 4809: 4806: 4803:, p. 30. 4802: 4797: 4794: 4789: 4788: 4782: 4775: 4772: 4767: 4766: 4760: 4753: 4750: 4745: 4744: 4738: 4731: 4728: 4723: 4722: 4717: 4713: 4701: 4698: 4693: 4692: 4686: 4679: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4663: 4655: 4652: 4647: 4646: 4640: 4633: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4612: 4609: 4604: 4603: 4597: 4590: 4587: 4582: 4581: 4575: 4568: 4565: 4560: 4559: 4554: 4550: 4538: 4535: 4530: 4529: 4524: 4520: 4508: 4505: 4500: 4499: 4494: 4490: 4485: 4484:public domain 4471: 4468: 4464: 4460: 4455: 4452: 4446: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4413: 4409: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4385: 4381: 4378: 4375: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4358: 4354: 4351: 4347: 4344: 4341: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4319: 4315: 4312: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4298: 4294: 4291: 4288: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4271: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4229: 4225: 4222: 4218: 4215: 4211: 4208: 4204: 4201: 4198: 4194: 4191: 4188: 4184: 4181: 4178: 4174: 4171: 4167: 4164: 4160: 4157: 4153: 4150: 4146: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4132: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4100: 4097: 4093: 4088: 4085: 4081: 4078: 4074: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4060: 4056: 4053: 4050: 4046: 4043: 4039: 4036: 4032: 4029: 4025: 4022: 4018: 4015: 4010: 4007: 4004: 4000: 3997: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3983: 3979: 3976: 3972: 3967: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3939: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3925: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3911: 3907: 3905:are attached. 3904: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3877: 3874: 3870: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3856: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3828: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3814: 3811: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3795: 3792: 3787: 3785: 3781: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3763: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3749: 3745: 3740: 3735: 3732: 3728: 3725: 3721: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3683: 3678: 3675: 3671: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3655: 3651: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3637:Freestanding 3636: 3633: 3629: 3626: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3611: 3608: 3605: 3604:Porte-cochère 3601: 3598: 3595: 3591: 3588: 3584: 3581: 3576: 3573: 3569: 3566: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3552: 3548: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3528: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3514: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3500: 3497: 3493: 3490: 3486: 3483: 3480: 3476: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3462: 3458: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3432: 3428: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3406: 3402: 3399: 3395: 3392: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3378: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3364: 3360: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3335: 3332: 3328: 3325: 3321: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3307: 3303: 3300: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3286: 3282: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3258: 3253: 3249: 3246: 3242: 3239: 3235: 3230: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3212: 3208: 3205: 3204:Gothic arches 3201: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3182: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3117: 3113: 3110: 3106: 3103: 3099: 3096: 3092: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3058: 3055: 3051: 3048: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2980: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2966: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2948: 2944: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2930: 2926: 2923: 2919: 2916: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2902: 2899: 2895: 2892: 2889: 2885: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2873:curb hip roof 2870: 2867: 2863: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2830: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2813: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2799: 2796: 2793: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2772: 2771:Lightning rod 2768: 2765: 2762: 2758: 2755: 2751: 2748:that lacks a 2747: 2743: 2740: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2726: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2689: 2685: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2642: 2637:are attached. 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2606: 2602: 2599: 2595: 2592: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2561: 2557: 2554: 2550: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2522: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2508: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2481: 2477: 2474: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2457: 2452: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2432: 2429: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2408: 2407:Geodesic dome 2404: 2401: 2397: 2394: 2390: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2364: 2360: 2357: 2353: 2350: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2305: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2284: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2268:Early English 2265: 2261: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2225: 2221: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2201: 2198: 2193: 2190: 2185: 2182: 2177: 2174: 2170: 2165: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2149: 2146: 2142: 2139: 2135: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2117: 2113: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2095: 2091: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2073: 2069: 2064: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2048: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2017: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1999: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1985: 1982: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1961: 1958: 1953: 1951: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1932: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1918: 1914: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1887: 1883: 1878: 1877:Ancient Greek 1873: 1868: 1864: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1847: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1799: 1795: 1792: 1788: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1763: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1736: 1732: 1729: 1728:beehive tombs 1725: 1720: 1717: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1703:Dosseret, or 1701: 1698: 1694: 1691: 1687: 1684: 1680: 1675: 1671: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1629: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1576:Greek theater 1573: 1568: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1547: 1544: 1540: 1535: 1532: 1529:or beneath a 1528: 1524: 1521: 1517: 1514: 1510: 1507:Denticulation 1505: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1487: 1483: 1480:A projecting 1479: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1448: 1445: 1441: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1409: 1406: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1381: 1378: 1374: 1371: 1367: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1351: 1347: 1344: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1330: 1326: 1323: 1318: 1312: 1309: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1257: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1243: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1208: 1205: 1201: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1176: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1156: 1153: 1149: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1134: 1130: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1105: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1087:, a V-shaped 1086: 1082: 1079: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1065: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1051: 1047: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1021: 1018: 1014: 1011: 1007: 1004: 1000: 996: 991: 988: 985: 981: 978: 975: 971: 967: 963: 958: 952: 949: 945: 942: 939: 935: 932: 929: 925: 922: 919: 915: 910: 906:or half-arch. 905: 901: 897: 894: 890: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 852: 848: 845: 841: 837: 832: 829: 825: 821: 818: 814: 811: 808: 804: 801: 798: 794: 791: 787: 783: 779: 776: 772: 768: 765: 761: 758: 754: 750: 745: 741: 738: 734: 731: 727: 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64: 62: 59: 57: 54: 52: 49: 48: 38: 36: 35: 19: 6622:Engineering 6573:Cell biology 6543:Architecture 6542: 6475: 6469:– via 6463: 6450:. 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architecture
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Notes
References

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