25:
842:
156:
330:
93:
131:
107:
931:
sharp. The apex is usually wide and round. The base of the leaf is heart shaped, widely rounded or sometimes pointed. The petioles are 4–15 mm (rarely to 22 mm) long, stout and pubescent. The leaves are persistent late into the autumn, remaining green up to early winter. They eventually turn russet or brown and fall off.
941:
are light brown to yellow, 8–20 mm long, usually thin and pointed. The acorn cups are light gray to almost white, with pointed, overlapping scales, covered with tomentum. The acorn stalks are thick and pubescent, up to 2 cm long. The acorns usually occur in groups of 2–5 on the same stalk.
930:
which is sometimes lost in older leaves by late summer. The young expanding leaves are whitish or pinkish with very soft tomentum. The leaf shape is very variable, divided into 3–7 pairs of deep or shallow lobes, which are usually divided into a few sublobes. The lobes are usually blunt, rarely
926:–4 in) long (rarely to 13 cm) and 3–6 cm wide, usually widest beyond the middle. The leaves group at the ends of twigs. The upper leaf surface is dark green and rough, the lower light green. Both leaf surfaces are covered with minute
862:
growing up to 20 metres (66 feet). Forest-grown trees grow tall, while open-growing trees develop a very broad and irregular crown. They are long-lived, to several hundred years, and eventually grow into very stout trees with trunks up to 2 m
1087:
1313:
1365:
1484:
1140:
1261:
1499:
1274:
881:
is very rough, light gray and divided into small flakes. Large trees develop very thick whitish bark cracked into deep furrows, similar to the
46:
1248:
1509:
1111:
68:
155:
1300:
1494:
1344:
1352:
1002:. It is a sub-Mediterranean species, growing from the coastline to deep in the continent. Its optimum is in transitional
39:
33:
1430:
1370:
1339:
1010:
climates, characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and cool (though not mild) winters with ample precipitation.
50:
1504:
1435:
1152:
1190:
1003:
320:
304:
277:
261:
1279:
1120:
1222:
1404:
120:
1456:
785:
342:
150:
1409:
1318:
841:
1391:
1209:
1107:
888:
The twigs are light purple or whitish, with tomentum. The buds are small (3–6 millimetres or
1489:
1396:
1331:
92:
1378:
1007:
882:
193:
329:
1422:
1417:
180:
1134:
1478:
1326:
1128:
1037:
1028:
878:
140:
135:
1461:
1214:
106:
1063:
1357:
1287:
1184:
877: ft) in diameter. Open-grown trees frequently develop several trunks. The
951:
1253:
1175:
1235:
856:
804:
1448:
817:) native to southern Europe and southwest Asia. It is found from northern
1443:
1383:
1169:
830:
822:
239:
206:
1201:
1266:
809:
229:
1292:
909:
826:
219:
1146:
1305:
1240:
938:
840:
818:
167:
1139:- information, genetic conservation units and related resources.
1227:
999:
927:
859:
1150:
249:
18:
1159:
989:(Palassou) O.Schwarz – northern Spain, Pyrenees.
979:O.Schwarz – southwest Asia, southeast Europe.
8:
998:Downy oaks typically grow in dry, lime-rich
1141:European Forest Genetic Resources Programme
1097:Trees and shrubs hardy in the British Isles
1147:
328:
129:
105:
91:
82:
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
32:This article includes a list of general
1019:
912:are leathery usually 4–10 centimetres (
355:
7:
1485:IUCN Red List least concern species
1038:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
908:inch) and blunt, light brown. The
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1436:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326376-2
1027:Jerome, D.; Vazquez, F. (2018).
154:
23:
1500:Trees of Mediterranean climate
1099:8th ed., revised. John Murray.
969:– central and southern Europe.
577:Koord. & Valeton ex Seemen
1:
825:) and France in the West to
1104:Trees of Britain and Europe
1526:
791:), commonly known as the
348:
341:
336:
327:
310:
303:
151:Scientific classification
149:
127:
118:
113:
104:
99:
90:
85:
1510:Plants described in 1796
654:Quercus pseudoaegilopsis
462:Quercus brachyphylloides
885:but lighter in colour.
53:more precise citations.
1102:Rushforth, K. (1999).
849:
606:Quercus macrostipulata
1495:Flora of Western Asia
844:
742:Quercus vukotinocicii
657:Petz. & G.Kirchn.
438:Quercus bellojocensis
1095:Bean, W. J. (1976).
766:Quercus subpyrenaica
622:Quercus microbalanos
558:Quercus erythrolepis
550:Quercus diversifrons
518:Quercus conglomerata
454:Quercus brachyphylla
1070:. Oaks of the World
1064:"Quercus pubescens"
697:(A.Camus) C.Vicioso
646:Quercus pinnatifida
614:Quercus menesiensis
582:Quercus lacinifolia
121:Conservation status
16:Species of oak tree
1136:Quercus virgiliana
855:is a medium-sized
850:
803:, is a species of
734:Quercus virgiliana
694:Quercus subspicata
686:Quercus stenolepis
678:Quercus sectifolia
630:Quercus microlepis
598:Quercus lanuginosa
574:Quercus ilicifolia
534:Quercus cupaniana]
513:Schleich. ex Endl.
478:Quercus brevifolia
446:Quercus brachyloba
422:Quercus bacunensis
390:Quercus amplifolia
1472:
1471:
1410:Quercus pubescens
1392:Open Tree of Life
1191:Quercus pubescens
1161:Quercus pubescens
1153:Taxon identifiers
1130:Quercus pubescens
1123:Quercus pubescens
1090:Quercus pubescens
1068:oaksoftheworld.fr
1031:Quercus pubescens
983:Quercus pubescens
973:Quercus pubescens
963:Quercus pubescens
936:Quercus pubescens
853:Quercus pubescens
846:Quercus pubescens
781:Quercus pubescens
777:
776:
770:
762:
754:
750:Quercus anatolica
746:
738:
730:
722:
714:
706:
698:
690:
682:
674:
666:
658:
650:
642:
634:
626:
618:
610:
602:
594:
590:Quercus laciniosa
586:
578:
570:
562:
554:
546:
542:Quercus dalmatica
538:
530:
522:
514:
506:
498:
497:Haberle ex Heuff.
490:
486:Quercus buccarana
482:
474:
470:Quercus brandisii
466:
458:
450:
442:
434:
426:
418:
410:
402:
394:
386:
378:
370:
362:
337:Distribution map
314:Quercus pubescens
296:Q. pubescens
144:
79:
78:
71:
1517:
1465:
1464:
1452:
1451:
1439:
1438:
1426:
1425:
1413:
1412:
1400:
1399:
1387:
1386:
1374:
1373:
1361:
1360:
1358:NBNSYS0000042187
1348:
1347:
1335:
1334:
1322:
1321:
1309:
1308:
1296:
1295:
1283:
1282:
1270:
1269:
1257:
1256:
1244:
1243:
1231:
1230:
1218:
1217:
1205:
1204:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1148:
1119:
1106:. HarperCollins
1088:Flora Europaea:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1024:
954:are accepted by
925:
924:
920:
917:
907:
906:
902:
897:
896:
892:
876:
875:
871:
868:
768:
760:
758:Quercus crispata
752:
744:
736:
728:
726:Quercus torulosa
720:
712:
710:Quercus susedana
704:
696:
688:
680:
672:
670:Quercus schulzei
664:
656:
648:
640:
638:Quercus oxycarpa
632:
624:
616:
608:
600:
592:
584:
576:
568:
560:
552:
544:
536:
528:
526:Quercus croatica
520:
512:
504:
502:Quercus budensis
496:
494:Quercus budayana
488:
481:Kotschy ex A.DC.
480:
472:
464:
456:
448:
440:
432:
424:
416:
414:Quercus asperata
408:
400:
398:Quercus appenina
392:
384:
382:Quercus aegilops
376:
368:
360:
332:
316:
282:
266:
159:
158:
138:
133:
132:
109:
95:
83:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
49:this article by
40:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1505:Trees of Europe
1475:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1460:
1455:
1447:
1442:
1434:
1429:
1421:
1416:
1408:
1403:
1395:
1390:
1382:
1379:Observation.org
1377:
1369:
1364:
1356:
1351:
1343:
1338:
1330:
1325:
1317:
1312:
1304:
1299:
1291:
1286:
1278:
1273:
1265:
1260:
1252:
1247:
1239:
1234:
1226:
1221:
1213:
1208:
1200:
1198:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1155:
1117:
1084:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1016:
996:
948:
922:
918:
915:
913:
904:
900:
899:
894:
890:
889:
883:pedunculate oak
873:
869:
866:
864:
839:
773:
718:Quercus tenorei
702:Quercus sulcata
566:Quercus humilis
510:Quercus collina
505:(Borbás) Borbás
374:Quercus admixta
366:Quercus adjecta
358:Eriodrys lanata
354:
353:
323:
318:
312:
299:
280:
264:
153:
145:
134:
130:
123:
75:
64:
58:
55:
45:Please help to
44:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1523:
1521:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1462:wfo-0000292685
1453:
1440:
1427:
1414:
1401:
1388:
1375:
1362:
1349:
1336:
1323:
1310:
1297:
1284:
1271:
1258:
1245:
1232:
1219:
1206:
1196:
1181:
1165:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1126:
1115:
1100:
1093:
1082:
1081:
1055:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1012:
995:
992:
991:
990:
980:
970:
956:Flora Europaea
947:
944:
838:
835:
775:
774:
772:
771:
763:
755:
747:
739:
731:
723:
715:
707:
699:
691:
683:
675:
667:
659:
651:
643:
635:
627:
619:
611:
609:Guss. ex Parl.
603:
601:(Lam.) Thuill.
595:
587:
579:
571:
563:
555:
547:
539:
531:
523:
515:
507:
499:
491:
483:
475:
467:
459:
451:
443:
435:
427:
419:
411:
406:Quercus aspera
403:
395:
387:
379:
371:
363:
351:
350:
349:
346:
345:
339:
338:
334:
333:
325:
324:
319:
308:
307:
301:
300:
293:
291:
287:
286:
275:
271:
270:
259:
255:
254:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
232:
227:
223:
222:
217:
210:
209:
204:
197:
196:
191:
184:
183:
178:
171:
170:
165:
161:
160:
147:
146:
128:
125:
124:
119:
116:
115:
111:
110:
102:
101:
100:A mature tree
97:
96:
88:
87:
77:
76:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1522:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1192:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1116:
1113:
1112:0-00-220013-9
1109:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1069:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1044:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1023:
1020:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1004:Mediterranean
1001:
993:
988:
984:
981:
978:
974:
971:
968:
964:
961:
960:
959:
957:
953:
945:
943:
940:
937:
932:
929:
911:
886:
884:
880:
861:
858:
854:
848:cross section
847:
843:
836:
834:
833:in the East.
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:
806:
802:
798:
797:pubescent oak
794:
790:
787:
783:
782:
767:
764:
759:
756:
751:
748:
743:
740:
735:
732:
727:
724:
721:(A.DC.) Borzí
719:
716:
711:
708:
703:
700:
695:
692:
687:
684:
679:
676:
671:
668:
663:
660:
655:
652:
647:
644:
639:
636:
631:
628:
623:
620:
615:
612:
607:
604:
599:
596:
591:
588:
583:
580:
575:
572:
567:
564:
559:
556:
551:
548:
543:
540:
535:
532:
527:
524:
519:
516:
511:
508:
503:
500:
495:
492:
487:
484:
479:
476:
471:
468:
463:
460:
455:
452:
447:
444:
439:
436:
431:
430:Quercus banja
428:
423:
420:
415:
412:
407:
404:
399:
396:
391:
388:
383:
380:
375:
372:
367:
364:
359:
356:
347:
344:
340:
335:
331:
326:
322:
317:
315:
309:
306:
305:Binomial name
302:
298:
297:
292:
289:
288:
285:
284:
276:
273:
272:
269:
268:
260:
257:
256:
253:
252:
248:
245:
244:
241:
238:
235:
234:
231:
228:
225:
224:
221:
218:
215:
212:
211:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
181:Tracheophytes
179:
176:
173:
172:
169:
166:
163:
162:
157:
152:
148:
142:
137:
136:Least Concern
126:
122:
117:
112:
108:
103:
98:
94:
89:
84:
81:
73:
70:
62:
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
1160:
1135:
1129:
1122:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1072:. Retrieved
1067:
1058:
1046:. Retrieved
1042:
1036:
1030:
1022:
997:
986:
982:
976:
972:
966:
962:
955:
949:
935:
933:
887:
852:
851:
845:
814:
808:
800:
796:
792:
788:
780:
779:
778:
765:
757:
749:
741:
733:
729:(Vuk.) Raddi
725:
717:
709:
701:
693:
685:
677:
669:
662:Quercus rufa
661:
653:
645:
637:
629:
621:
613:
605:
597:
589:
581:
573:
565:
557:
549:
541:
533:
525:
517:
509:
501:
493:
485:
477:
469:
461:
453:
445:
437:
429:
421:
413:
405:
397:
389:
381:
373:
365:
357:
313:
311:
295:
294:
278:
262:
250:
213:
200:
187:
174:
80:
65:
56:
37:
1288:iNaturalist
1185:Wikispecies
1118:(in French)
837:Description
801:Italian oak
737:(Ten.) Ten.
673:(Vuk.) Vuk.
561:(Vuk.) Vuk.
473:(Vuk.) Vuk.
194:Angiosperms
59:August 2018
51:introducing
1479:Categories
1423:kew-174591
1418:Plant List
1143:(EUFORGEN)
1014:References
952:subspecies
946:Subspecies
928:pubescence
789:virgiliana
258:Subgenus:
86:Downy oak
34:references
977:anatolica
967:pubescens
857:deciduous
805:white oak
793:downy oak
753:O.Schwarz
649:C.C.Gmel.
290:Species:
274:Section:
164:Kingdom:
1449:13100008
1444:Tropicos
1319:10246770
1306:326376-2
1199:BioLib:
1170:Wikidata
1121:Chênes:
1074:April 4,
1048:April 4,
987:palensis
831:Caucasus
829:and the
823:Pyrenees
786:synonyms
343:Synonyms
279:Quercus
263:Quercus
240:Fagaceae
236:Family:
207:Eudicots
141:IUCN 3.1
1490:Quercus
1340:MoBotPF
1267:2881283
1228:1151340
1176:Q161415
1008:oceanic
994:Habitat
985:subsp.
975:subsp.
965:subsp.
921:⁄
903:⁄
893:⁄
872:⁄
815:Quercus
810:Quercus
807:(genus
457:Kotschy
283:Quercus
267:Quercus
251:Quercus
246:Genus:
230:Fagales
226:Order:
168:Plantae
139: (
114:Leaves
47:improve
1397:426505
1345:280705
1332:194223
1293:125849
1254:172449
1110:
950:Three
939:acorns
910:leaves
827:Turkey
813:sect.
769:Villar
761:Steven
745:Borbás
625:Boreau
593:Boreau
553:Borbás
409:Bosc
321:Willd.
220:Rosids
36:, but
1384:18341
1371:39471
1314:IRMNG
1280:30735
1249:EUNIS
1241:QUEPU
1215:4R5VW
1000:soils
819:Spain
641:Raddi
569:Mill.
545:Radic
537:Guss.
521:Pers.
449:Jord.
441:Gand.
433:Endl.
417:Pers.
393:Guss.
385:Mill.
377:Gand.
369:Gand.
281:sect.
265:subg.
214:Clade
201:Clade
188:Clade
175:Clade
1431:POWO
1405:PfaF
1366:NCBI
1327:IUCN
1301:IPNI
1275:GRIN
1262:GBIF
1236:EPPO
1202:3463
1133:and
1108:ISBN
1076:2023
1050:2023
1043:2018
934:The
879:bark
860:tree
713:Vuk.
705:Vuk.
689:Vuk.
681:Vuk.
665:Vuk.
633:Vuk.
617:Kit.
585:Vuk.
529:Vuk.
489:Vuk.
465:Vuk.
425:Vuk.
401:Lam.
361:Raf.
352:List
1457:WFO
1353:NBN
1223:EoL
1210:CoL
799:or
1481::
1459::
1446::
1433::
1420::
1407::
1394::
1381::
1368::
1355::
1342::
1329::
1316::
1303::
1290::
1277::
1264::
1251::
1238::
1225::
1212::
1187::
1172::
1066:.
1041:.
1035:.
958::
795:,
216::
203::
190::
177::
1114:.
1078:.
1052:.
1033:"
1029:"
1006:-
923:2
919:1
916:+
914:1
905:4
901:1
898:–
895:8
891:1
874:2
870:1
867:+
865:6
863:(
821:(
784:(
143:)
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
