191:
245:, war against Cuzco. Quizquiz was responsible for the significant defeat and capture of Huáscar, where Huáscar planned to use a decoy advance guard that was to be later joined by the body of the army, however this decoy was destroyed before the rest of the army could join it. Defeating in several battles the armies of Huáscar, they achieved the final victory with the storming of the Inca Empire capital. As he was proceeding to the consolidation of power for Atahualpa in the region of Cuzco, the news came of the
444:, "Quizquiz went with the Huambracuna back to Quito, without having accomplished anything that he had intended. He had been praised for being a very brave and wise captain and of good judgment. The very Huambracuna who went with him killed him near Quito in the village of Tiamcambe." His warriors wanted peace so they could return home, but he refused. "Huaypalcon attacked him, and others joined in with battle axes and clubs and killed him."
314:, entrusted to the treasurer Riquelme, and the third was the recent settlement of San Miguel which ensured the flow of reinforcements by sea. Quizquiz attacked Cuzco first, but Pizarro sent Almagro and fifty men to confront the attack. The Spaniards "killed and wounded many of them." Quizquiz then decided to attack the garrison of Jauja, on the road to Quito, but was "unable to prevail against the Spaniards" there either.
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318:
strategies that worked against the
Spanish, but he still had to learn to deal with the cavalry. His men carried out a pincer movement, but the impetus of the horses swept their ranks. The day, however, was not an easy one for the Spanish troops. Riquelme was himself wounded in the head and fell into the river, where he was rescued by a group of indian archers of the
42:
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Quizquiz had solved the immediate problem of the pursuers, but his difficulties were not over. He had to open a way through districts infested by hostile populations, related to the deceased Huáscar and hoping for a comeback thanks to the arrival of "white men" who, unwisely, were seen as liberators.
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to send three soldiers in the capital to personally check on the collection of gold. The three, Martín Bueno, Pedro Martin de Moguer and Pedro de Zárate, were treated honorably, despite their far from blameless behavior. The rude soldiers ventured to desecrate the temples and undermine the
Virgins of
428:
After encountering the armies of
Almagro and Alavarado, Quizquiz still took part in many fights, but soon realized that the circle of the enemy was closing in on him. Events had shown that, even if it was possible to defend themselves in some way, it was unthinkable to be able to finally defeat the
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learned that the armies had abandoned their positions and headed north. Quizquiz, obviously, wanted to regain the region of Quito. The
Spanish moved in pursuit, but proceeding with great caution and fighting only limited clashes with the marching rearguard, then, when it became clear that the enemy
317:
The rainy season had swelled rivers and was sufficient to demolish the bridges on the most tumultuous rivers to secure the rear from the arrival of Cuzco followers. The clash ensued between the army of Quito and fifty
Spanish Juaja backed by thousands of indigenous friends. Quizquiz had developed
362:
Nevertheless, by means of an impressive march led by overcoming difficulties of all kinds, not only strategic, but also and mainly logistical, Quizquiz led the several thousand men who composed his army beyond the boundaries of the ancient kingdom of Quito, where he planned to find support and
413:
During the night, the two Inca armies merged and the
Spaniards were forced to the pursuit, but were stopped at the crossing of a river that separated the contenders. The natives even attacked by setting up a bridgehead on the bank defended by the Spanish and inflicted casualties on the enemy.
436:
The area where he wanted to lead troops, however, was wild and unexplored, and although they were guaranteed some security in case of attack, it involved the certainty of suffering hunger, given the large number of men who would have been involved. Quizquiz's helpers were all opposed to this
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Quizquiz was obviously surprised, but as a consummate strategist acted with surprising speed. Before the enemy came in contact, he had already divided his army into two parts. One, with all the warriors, was launched on the slopes of a hill and stood in defence. The other, conducted by him
325:
Northern troops still managed to pass Jauja, while regretting that it could not conquer the city defended by a small garrison. Quizquiz had learnt from the experience and venturing in a ravine he fortified the slopes of the passage so that horses could not work, then he remained on hold.
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Learned that
Quizquiz was close, the Spaniards threw themselves boldly forward, but this time the shrewd general was not waiting for them unprepared. The defenses worked fine and their charges shattered against the properly prepared fortifications.
409:
As the prudent general had foreseen, the
Spaniards launched the assault of enemy warriors, but those under the command of an Atahualpa brother named Huaypalcon, kept them at bay without effort by rolling an avalanche of stones from the top.
401:
Convinced of holding the enemy, the
Spaniards moved with incredible quickness. By forced march, travelling at night by the light of torches and stopping only for shoeing horses, they came unexpectedly in view of the marching army.
139:
mountains, but his forces soon demanded that he accept the
Spanish demands, and, it being planting season, that they be able to return to their families. Quizquiz refused, and his war-weary troops eventually killed him in 1535.
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It required a change in strategy and Quizquiz thought to transform his action into guerrilla war. To do this they should hide in the forest and from there make quick raids, never facing a confrontation.
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and other opponents, to encounter the army of Quizquiz randomly. A detachment of them collided with a patrol of Quizquiz and their leader, Sotaurco, put to torture, was forced to reveal its location.
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that the General had exercised, both for his dexterity and for Huayna Capac's total confidence so that he would not have liked to offer his throat to anyone else.
594:
Leon, P., 1998, The Discovery and Conquest of Peru, Chronicles of the New World Encounter, edited and translated by Cook and Cook, Durham: Duke University Press,
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His first military experience was gained in the army of Huayna Capac, in campaigns in North, where he distinguished himself for his outstanding military skills.
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As the news came that a nearby indigenous detachment had killed and beheaded fourteen Spaniards who tried to rejoin their compatriots, they decided to retire.
775:
310:
The Spaniards occupied only three locations in Peru when the armies moved from Cuzco to Quito. One was the city of Cuzco itself, the second was the town of
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655:
Relatione di quel che nel conquisto & pacificatione di queste provincie & successo...& la prigione del cacique Atabalipa. (1534)
552:
Pizzaro, P., 1571, Relation of the Discovery and Conquest of the Kingdoms of Peru, Vol. 1-2, New York: Cortes Society, RareBooksClub.com,
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322:. One Spaniard was killed and almost all other reported injuries as their auxiliary natives were decimated by the troops of Quito.
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the Sun, but the instructions from Atahualpa did not allow any appropriate measures to be taken against the three.
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96:. In April 1532, along with his companions, Quizquiz led the armies of Atahualpa to victory in the battles of
667:
380:
97:
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decision, but the stubborn general, stressed and angry for their resistance, charged them of cowardice.
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379:, he had a bitter surprise to find the Spanish contingent that had preceded him, coming from
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Prescott, W.H., 2011, The History of the Conquest of Peru, Digireads.com Publishing,
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that during the civil war Quizquiz led troops of 60,000 against Huáscar's troops.
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personally, with most provisions and women, trying to pull in another direction.
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24:
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Betanzos, J., 1996, Narrative of the Incas, Austin: University of Texas Press,
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It was precisely the troops of Alvarado, who travelled the country looking for
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As supreme commander he organized, together with another prestigious general
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Reinforcements from Cuzco came upon a few weeks later, under the command of
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Quizquiz was in Cuzco at the time of the Spaniards' arrival. Collecting the
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89:
19:
This article is about the South American general. For the video game, see
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135:
After the ensuing battles, Quizquiz fled further into the safety of the
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Relación the viaje ... desde el pueblo de Caxmalca a Pachacamac. (1533)
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Relación del descubrimiento y conquista de los Reynos del Perú. (1571)
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and abandoned the Inca capital. He decided to withdraw towards Quito.
41:
163:
par excellence. According to some authors instead, the surname means
745:
Relación de la conquista del Perú y echos del Inca Manco II (1570)
387:. They were then followed by other armies commanded by Almagro and
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Atahualpa then had Chalcuchimac stay with half of his warriors in
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136:
113:
628:
In COL. LIBR. DOC. HIST. PERU (2 nd series Volume 8 °, Lima 1920)
461:
285:
Inca commander Quizquiz fighting the Spaniards, possibly in the
116:. Quizquiz later commanded Atahualpa's troops in the battles of
681:(1551) in COL. CRONICA DE AMERICA (Dastin V. 18°. Madrid 2001)
447:"Thus fell the last of the two great officers of Atahualpa."
729:
5 Vol. in IBL. AUT. ESP. (tomi CXLVI - CLI), (Madrid 1991)
108:, where he, along with Chalkuchimac defeated and captured
675:
In COL. CRONICA DE AMERICA (Dastin V. 6°. Madrid 2000)
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Quizquiz had won, but this was to be his last battle.
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to organize a brave resistance, and possibly a war of
355:
abandoned the region, desisted from following them.
59:
51:
32:
637:Verdadera relación de la conquista del Perú (1534)
571:"Narrative of the Proceedings of Pedrarias Davila"
112:and promptly killed his family, seizing capital
771:16th-century indigenous leaders of the Americas
648:in BIBL. AUT. ESP. (Volume CLVIII, Madrid 1968)
303:In November 1533, Quizquiz was defeated in the
46:Quizquiz (left), while leading Huáscar prisoner
692:In BIBL. AUT. ESP. Tomi XCI, XCII, Madrid 1956
249:and the capture of his master by the Spanish.
216:, assuming the chief command of the armies of
256:, and Quizquiz with the other half in Cuzco.
8:
296:as the next Inca, but soon this Inca died.
167:and derives from his duty to shave the King
720:In BIBL. AUT. ESP. (tomo LXII, Madrid 1946)
673:Segunda parte de la crónica del Perú (1551)
300:then joined Pizarro on his march to Cuzco.
212:, Quizquiz remained in the wake of his son
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348:While worryingly studying what to do, the
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727:Historia General y natural de las Indias
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337:, accompanied by many Indians, sent by
128:(1534), ultimately being bested by the
736:Historia general ... (1601–1615)
718:Historia general de las Indias (1552)
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23:. For the Mississippian culture, see
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724:Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés
197:(19th century), oil painting. MuNa,
776:Indigenous warriors of the Americas
679:Descubrimiento y conquista del Perú
341:, elected meanwhile supreme Inca.
14:
733:Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas
690:Historia del Nuevo Mundo (1653)
657:In Ramusio Einaudi, Torino 1988
639:In Ramusio Einaudi, Torino 1988
622:In Ramusio Einaudi, Torino 1988
1:
738:COL. Classicos Tavera (su CD)
208:On the death of the eleventh
707:La conquista del Peru (1617)
220:, contrasted with those of
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701:Commentarios reales (1609)
609:Eyewitnesses of early wins
383:, under the leadership of
268:, Atahualpa had convinced
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18:
715:Francisco López de Gómara
132:forces in both accounts.
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371:Arriving in the land of
260:Meeting with the Spanish
626:Noticia del Perú (1540)
581:– via Wikisource.
155:term, which stands for
747:In ATLAS, Madrid 1988
569:Andagoya, Pascual de.
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277:Fight against invaders
236:Narrative of the Incas
202:
573:. The Hakluyt Society
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193:
21:QuizQuiz (video game)
703:Rusconi, Milano 1977
696:Garcilaso de la Vega
247:tragedy of Cajamarca
668:Pedro Cieza de León
652:Pedro Sancho de Hoz
442:Pedro Cieza de Leon
339:Manco Inca Yupanqui
766:Inca Empire people
742:Titu Cusi Yupanqui
634:Francisco de Jerez
492:History of Ecuador
429:powerful invader.
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144:Origin of the name
389:Pedro de Alvarado
292:Pizarro selected
270:Francisco Pizarro
180:Military triumphs
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709:BUR, Milano 2001
662:Other historians
615:Miguel de Estete
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335:Diego de Almagro
331:Hernando de Soto
232:Juan de Betanzos
195:General Quisquis
124:(both 1533) and
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575:. Retrieved
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482:Chalcuchimac
467:Conquistador
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243:Chalcuchimac
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169:Huayna Capac
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98:Mullihambato
78:Chalcuchimac
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69:
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34:Apo Quizquiz
16:Inca general
761:1535 deaths
457:Inca Empire
377:Reconquista
367:Last battle
224:devoted to
161:Little Bird
92:'s leading
25:Walls phase
755:Categories
516:0292755600
498:References
385:Belalcázar
381:San Miguel
298:Manco Inca
184:See also:
126:Maraycalla
118:Vilcaconga
102:Chimborazo
60:Occupation
477:Atahualpa
214:Atahualpa
210:Sapa Inca
175:Biography
106:Quipaipan
90:Atahualpa
84:, one of
451:See also
396:Rumiñawi
363:allies.
320:Antisuyu
149:Quizquiz
94:generals
88:emperor
82:Rumiñawi
74:Quisquis
70:Quizquiz
577:21 June
472:Huáscar
226:Huáscar
153:Quechua
130:Spanish
110:Huáscar
63:General
598:
556:
535:
514:
266:ransom
165:barber
157:leader
137:Andean
424:Death
373:Quito
312:Jauja
254:Jauja
222:Cuzco
218:Quito
199:Quito
151:is a
122:Cuzco
114:Cuzco
596:ISBN
579:2019
554:ISBN
533:ISBN
512:ISBN
462:Inca
333:and
104:and
86:Inca
80:and
55:1535
52:Died
159:or
72:or
757::
587:^
543:^
522:^
391:.
228:.
120:,
100:,
201:.
27:.
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