664:(the scattered remnant, Rātana followers) and at pivotal points on church buildings. The golden or blue crescent moon (symbolising enlightenment) can face different parts of the coloured star: blue represents Te Matua (The Father), white is Te Tama (The Son), red is Te Wairua Tapu (The Holy Spirit), purple is Ngā Anahera Pono (The Faithful Angels) and gold/yellow is Te Māngai (The Mouthpiece (of Jehovah), Ture Wairua), although this colour is sometimes replaced with pink, representing PiriWiriTua (The Campaigner (of Political Matters), Ture Tangata).
27:
401:('the holy temple of Jehovah') which Rātana saw as embodying in its architecture deep Biblical truths (especially the two magnificent bell towers) was opened on 25 January 1928 by Japanese Bishop Juji Nakada (with whom Ratana and party had stayed in 1924), Rātana declared his spiritual work was complete and church apostles and officers would take on the work. He now turned more to political work for Māori in New Zealand.
413:
354:
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388:. Later trips were made to the United States and Canada. These trips were not without controversy. The New Zealand Government acted to prevent the petition being presented to the monarch, and the visit to Japan on the way back from Europe created allegations of disloyalty and of flying the Japanese flag over the church settlement of
519:
The Rātana
Independent Members of Parliament were the first to represent a political party in which most party members were Māori. Major aims of the movement were statutory recognition of the Treaty of Waitangi, righting the confiscation grievances of the Māori people, and equality in social welfare
588:
The four Māori electorates were held by Rātana-affiliated members of Labour for decades: until 1963 for the
Eastern Maori electorate, 1980 for Northern Maori, and 1996 for Western and Southern Maori electorates. Not all Labour Party Māori MPs have been members of the Rātana Church, but all Māori
184:
on the topic of Māori land confiscations and the treaty. From 1928, and the opening of the church's temple, T. W. had suggested that his own attention would turn away from the church, and his focus would be more fully on politics. This coincided with controversy around Ratana himself, but he was
146:
Initially performing his healing from his family farm, Ratana did not regard his movement as a distinct church, and encouraged his followers to remain with their churches. He received mixed opinions from other
Christian leaders, some of whom disliked that he was referred to as the
208:, and Rātana members of parliament consistently backed Labour. In 1936 this alliance was formalised, and Rātana members joined Labour. In the early 2000s, members of other parties began attending Rātana Day, which is now seen as the beginning of New Zealand's political year.
457:, in the "second cut". The covenant signed by the men promised they would not rest, and their wives separately agreed that they would go barefoot and in rags to represent the Rātana movement. All four went on to capture the Maori seats between 1932 and 1943.
584:
of the Māori people. If Savage could restore these three, he would earn the right to wear the huia feather to signify his chiefly status. The gifts were regarded as so precious they were buried with Savage at his state funeral in 1940.
335:
or God's Word and Wisdom. On 21 July 1925, the constitution of the Rātana Church was accepted by the
Registrar-General and a list of "apostles" (ministers) who were authorised to conduct marriages was published in the
523:
Politicians usually attend the Rātana marae to take part in celebrations marking T.W. Ratana's birthday and in
January 2023 it was the 150th anniversary. The political party leaders who attended on this occasion were
548:
stated the message from Māori speakers to the politicians were: "They want to have relationships that are more than transactional and they are not interested in politics and politicians that stir up fear."
580:
feather. The potato represented loss of Māori land and means of sustenance, the broken watch represented the broken promises of the Treaty of
Waitangi, and the pounamu represented the
246:. After the epidemic Rātana was the only male heir of his grandfather. On 8 November 1918 Rātana saw a vision, which he regarded as divinely inspired, asking him to preach the
1245:
994:
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782:
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Until 1924 Ratana preached to increasingly large numbers of Māori and established a name for himself as the "Māori
Miracle Man". At first, the movement was seen as a
1240:
822:
1235:
135:') was opened. From its beginning and through to the 20th century, the church has pursued political goals, and still welcomes political leaders to the
597:. In both the parliaments of 1946–1948 and 1957–1960, the formation of a Labour Government depended on the votes of the Rātana Movement members.
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largely unable to extricate himself from the matters of the church, and without a suitable replacement, he remained as the church's leader.
48:
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1136:
Hebert, D. G. (2008). Music
Transculturation and Identity in a Maori Brass Band Tradition. In R. Camus & B. Habla, (Eds.),
189:
377:
180:
in his left. This political attitude was made clear by 1924, when Ratana led a delegation to Europe to present a petition to
561:
in 1935, the two Rātana MPs agreed to vote with Labour. This alliance was formalised with the Rātana movement joining the
320:, the church relies on their "Blue Book" for church services, which includes hymns and prayers written by T. W. Ratana.
260:
had an influence on Rātana and the Rātana movement. Rikiriki taught Rātana and he often consulted her. She had been at
41:
35:
1225:
1205:
529:
727:
690:, the 'remnants'. In the 2001 census, 48,975 New Zealand residents were affiliated with the Rātana church. In the
745:
625:
331:, the Rātana Church, was established, and its founder was acknowledged in the Church's doctrine as the bearer of
911:
154:
52:
581:
562:
525:
205:
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733:
691:
601:
421:
140:
1144:
1156:
793:
609:
98:
1172:
968:
1096:
1045:"Religious Affiliation (Total Response) and Sex, for the Census Usually Resident Population Count, 2001"
566:
545:
501:
442:
114:
125:
was formed, and on 25 January 1928—T. W.'s 55th birthday, and "Rātana Day"—the church's iconic temple,
372:
In 1924 a group of 38 people including Rātana and his wife Te
Urumanao Ngāpaki Baker and spokesperson
569:
on 22 April 1936. The Prime
Minister was given four symbolic gifts: a potato, a broken gold watch, a
429:
283:
Te Urumanao Ngāpaki Baker was a Māori chief and supported the Rātana movement and was Rātana's wife.
855:
721:
441:
and called on four followers to be the quarters of his body and rule the land. The "first cut" was
338:
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practitioner. Rikiriki foretold the coming of a new prophet in 1912 that she confirmed was Rātana.
265:
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177:
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204:—a monopoly it would hold until 1963. By 1931, Rātana had established an alliance with the
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As early as 1923, Rātana had declared an interest in party politics, and his eldest son
617:
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electorates were held by Labour MPs who had at least been endorsed by the church until
497:
477:
269:
201:
197:
1021:
Voters' victory? : New Zealand's first election under proportional representation
660:(which means both "star and moon" and "shining star"), which is worn on the lapels of
412:
1194:
1185:
Te Haahi Ratana: The Official Website of the Ratana Established Church of New Zealand
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761:, another Māori Christian denomination, established by Te Kooti in the 19th century
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electorate as an independent candidate. Now Rātana was determined to capture the
709:
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758:
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1085:(2nd ed.). A.H & A.W. Reed in association with the Polynesian Society.
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and in the 1930 by-election in Western Maori following the death of
327:, but it soon moved away from mainstream churches. On 31 May 1925,
882:"Te Haahi Rātana – the Rātana Church – Founding the Rātana Church"
643:
632:, who held the Māori seat of Waiariki from 1999 to 2005 and was a
411:
352:
317:
173:
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alongside a spiritual one, and Ratana was known to talk of the
995:"Merepeka Raukawa-Tait: Which politicians impressed at Rātana"
656:) of the church is a five-pointed star and crescent moon, the
20:
472:, but they did not succeed. The first Rātana movement MP was
376:
journeyed to Europe to unsuccessfully present a petition to
304:(the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit) as well as adding
1023:. Auckland : Auckland University Press. pp. 172, 190.
109:, New Zealand. The Rātana movement began in 1918, when
975:. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 23 September 2019
943:"Te Haahi Rātana – the Rātana Church – Church growth"
200:
electorate, and by 1943 had captured all four of the
600:
Rātana movement Members of Parliament have included
1083:
Ratana: The Man, The Church, The Political Movement
316:(God's Word and Wisdom) to prayers. As well as the
254:and to cure the spirits and bodies of his people.
1076:Ratana: The Origins and the Story of the Movement
231:and pro-government loyalist. Rātana's mother was
823:"Ratana – the man, the movement, the settlement"
672:, standing firm against the forces of darkness (
445:in the north, Haami Tokouru Rātana in the west,
300:The church's spiritual laws are itemised as the
227:. Ngahina was a sheep and cattle station owner,
565:in a meeting between Rātana and Prime Minister
816:
814:
812:
810:
694:, 43,821 people identified with the religion.
219:'s grandfather Ngahina was a signatory of the
168:Ratana and his followers were interested in a
143:, 43,821 people identified with the religion.
777:
775:
238:Impacts on Māori in 1918 included land loss,
8:
1140:, 26 (pp. 173–200). Tutzing: Schneider.
685:
436:
396:
358:
311:
305:
158:
148:
126:
1246:Christian political parties in New Zealand
453:in the south. Moko was later replaced by
1173:T. W. Ratana and the Ratana Church photos
636:from 2005 to 2011, is a Rātana minister.
71:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:New Zealand church and political movement
947:Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand
936:
934:
932:
886:Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand
34:This article includes a list of general
1126:. A condensed version of Newman (2006).
969:"Te Haahi Rātana established as church"
771:
435:In January 1928, Rātana called himself
1241:Christian denominations in New Zealand
1221:Māori political parties in New Zealand
1101:Ratana Revisited: An Unfinished Legacy
912:"Rikiriki, Ātareta Kāwana Rōpiha Mere"
139:annually on Ratana's birthday. In the
310:, 'the Holy and Faithful Angels' and
7:
905:
903:
849:
847:
845:
843:
821:Stowell, Laurel (1 September 2016).
272:, had established her own church in
949:. NZ Department of Internal Affairs
916:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
888:. NZ Department of Internal Affairs
860:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
668:represents the kingdom of light or
1236:Political movements in New Zealand
432:to give a voice for his movement.
223:for the tribes of Ngā Wairiki and
192:, Rātana had its first candidate,
40:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
595:1993 New Zealand general election
480:in June 1932. He was followed by
496:, the third Māori electorate of
196:, elected to parliament for the
111:Tahupōtiki Wiremu (T. W.) Ratana
25:
1152:"Enduring attraction of Ratana"
1150:Stokes, Jon (21 January 2006).
557:Following the formation of the
476:, elected in a by-election for
460:Rātana candidates stood in the
101:and movement, headquartered at
1093:. 2nd ed. of Henderson (1963).
684:Church adherents are known as
553:Alliance with the Labour Party
384:on land confiscations and the
1:
1081:Henderson, J. McLeod (1972).
1074:Henderson, J. McLeod (1963).
783:"2018 Census totals by topic"
910:Puketapu, Te Tiwha (1996).
856:"Ratana, Tahupotiki Wiremu"
746:Manuao Te Kohamutunga Tamou
276:and was a faith healer and
1262:
593:won Northern Maori in the
416:Rātana church near Raetihi
293:
176:in his left hand, and the
155:traditional Māori religion
626:Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan
397:
359:
127:
117:, and began a mission of
1211:New Zealand Labour Party
854:Ballara, Angela (1996).
704:Tahupotiki Wiremu Rātana
604:, Haami Tokouru Rātana,
1231:Indigenous Christianity
734:Raniera Te Aohou Rātana
692:2018 New Zealand census
602:Tapihana Paraire Paikea
559:First Labour Government
398:Te Temepara Tapu o Ihoa
395:When the Rātana temple
360:Te Temepara Tapu o Ihoa
141:2018 New Zealand census
128:Te Temepara Tapu o Ihoa
55:more precise citations.
1157:The New Zealand Herald
1143:Newman, Keith (2002).
1114:Newman, Keith (2009).
794:Statistics New Zealand
686:
649:
466:1931 general elections
437:
417:
369:
312:
306:
159:
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1078:. Polynesian Society.
1019:Vowles, Jack (1998).
647:
546:Merepeka Raukawa-Tait
540:and one co-leader of
502:Paraire Karaka Paikea
490:1935 general election
443:Paraire Karaka Paikea
415:
356:
131:('the holy temple of
1171:Westra, Ans (1963).
710:Haami Tokouru Rātana
482:Haami Tokouru Rātana
422:Haami Tokouru Rātana
408:(political movement)
244:Spanish flu epidemic
1216:Māori organisations
973:New Zealand History
728:Maata "Te Reo" Hura
722:Puhi o Aotea Ratahi
484:(known as Toko) in
339:New Zealand Gazette
290:(spiritual mission)
266:Te Whiti o Rongomai
1187:by Arahi R. Hagger
1116:Ratana the Prophet
650:
424:had stood for the
418:
386:Treaty of Waitangi
370:
349:(secular movement)
221:Treaty of Waitangi
178:Treaty of Waitangi
170:political movement
1118:. Raupo-Penguin.
740:Harerangi Meihana
652:The main symbol (
538:New Zealand First
474:Eruera Tirikatene
451:Eruera Tirikatene
449:in the east, and
430:Māori electorates
382:League of Nations
325:Christian revival
194:Eruera Tirikatene
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790:spreadsheet)
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742:(1998–2022)
736:(1991–1998)
730:(1966–1991)
724:(1950–1966)
718:(1944–1950)
712:(1939–1944)
706:(1925–1939)
670:Māramatanga
648:Rātana Star
614:Koro Wētere
534:Māori Party
520:for Māori.
510:Tiaki Omana
470:Maui Pomare
455:Tiaki Omana
288:Ture Wairua
270:Tohu Kākahi
240:World War I
202:Māori seats
61:August 2010
53:introducing
1195:Categories
1163:13 January
1047:. Stats NZ
1004:4 February
979:11 January
953:11 January
921:4 February
892:11 January
865:4 February
832:4 February
799:29 October
766:References
680:Membership
622:Matiu Rata
591:Tau Henare
36:references
999:NZ Herald
827:NZ Herald
492:. In the
447:Pita Moko
390:Rātana Pā
374:Pita Moko
366:Rātana Pā
333:Te Mangai
313:Te Māngai
274:Parewanui
233:Methodist
225:Ngāti Apa
137:Rātana Pā
107:Whanganui
103:Rātana Pā
1103:. Reed.
1099:(2006).
1051:3 August
753:See also
576:, and a
574:hei-tiki
530:National
380:and the
378:George V
262:Parihaka
242:and the
229:Anglican
759:Ringatū
640:Symbols
634:List MP
571:pounamu
512:in the
488:in the
302:Trinity
250:to the
212:History
161:tohunga
133:Jehovah
115:visions
94:) is a
49:improve
1201:Rātana
1122:
1107:
1089:
1027:
687:mōrehu
674:mākutu
662:mōrehu
624:, and
542:Greens
526:Labour
368:, 2012
278:rongoā
248:gospel
150:mangai
84:Rātana
38:, but
1131:Other
1069:Books
406:Koata
318:Bible
264:with
188:In a
174:Bible
105:near
96:Māori
88:Māori
1165:2020
1120:ISBN
1105:ISBN
1087:ISBN
1053:2019
1025:ISBN
1006:2023
981:2020
955:2020
923:2023
894:2020
867:2023
834:2023
801:2019
654:tohu
582:mana
578:huia
464:and
462:1928
268:and
157:and
676:).
364:at
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