40:
315:
admixture of 45% whereas the companion had around 33%, more in line with other
British samples of the Early Bronze Age. Another man, also buried in Amesbury Down and dating from 2500 to 2100 BC was also R-L21 and is notable of having an EEF admixture of only 22%, the lowest ever found in
864:
Ancient DNA at the edge of the world: Continental immigration and the persistence of
Neolithic male lineages in Bronze Age Orkney, Dulias et al., February 2022, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119(8):e2108001119, DOI:10.1073/pnas.2108001119, LicenseCC BY
357:
off the north coast of
Ireland were all R1b1a2a1a2c, or R-L21. Rathlin 1 dated from 2026 to 1885 BC and was defined as R-DF21. Rathlin 2 dated from 2024 to 1741 BC and was defined as further defined as R-DF13. Rathlin 3 dated from 1736 to 1534 BC and was defined as
311:, near modern Switzerland, and had higher levels of Neolithic ancestry compared to the companion who had spent his life in Britain but may have spent his early teens in North East Scotland or the Midlands. The archer possessed above average
1077:
1092:
Forensic identification of skeletal remains from members of
Ernesto Che Guevara's guerrillas in Bolivia based on DNA typing, February 2000International Journal of Legal Medicine 113(2):98-101, DOI:10.1007/PL00007716
916:
863:
216:
population. The lineage reached a frequency of 90% in early Bronze Age
Britain (being nearly absent in contemporary samples from the continent), it gradually declined through the Middle Bronze Age to 70% by the
1080:
637:
clan. This was demonstrated through a relative who can be found in the R-L226 project who descends from Louis' ancestor, Jean-Baptiste Riel (1731 - 1788). The Riel family ultimately traced its origins from a
1114:
836:
303:) may have been buried up to 80 years before the companion (although there is overlap in the dates) and was a kinsman (both shared a calcaneonavicular coalition on their feet), with a predicted
660:(1928-1967), the Argentine Marxist revolutionary and major figure of the Cuban Revolution, forensic identification of his skeletal remains revealed that he belonged to haplogroup R1b-L21.
936:
A Genomic
Compendium of an Island - Documenting Continuity and Change across Irish Human Prehistory, Lara M. Cassidy, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, October 2017
1078:
High
Resolution Paternal Genetic History of Ireland and its Implications for Demographic History, Tibor Feher, 2023, EMANIA â Bulletin of the Navan Research Group, No. 26, page 103
901:
941:
371:
912:
1038:
1110:
833:
307:
of 0.0405 (95% confidence interval of -0.0161 to 0.0971). The isotopic profiles of the men indicate the archer spent the earliest years of his life in
571:. Lineages beneath DF105 (which likely represent Eochaidh's descendants) now represents around 20% of Irish male lines. Examples of septs include the
506:, their last great king in Munster before this deposition have however shown to belong to an entirely separate lineage. His descendants included the
204:
in
Britain and Ireland, where the earliest samples begin to appear. Its introduction was part of a large genetic transformation associated with the
1161:
1156:
924:
953:
Cassidy, Lara M.; Martiniano, Rui; Murphy, Eileen M.; Teasdale, Matthew D.; Mallory, James; Hartwell, Barrie; Bradley, Daniel G. (2016).
897:
1052:
1151:
1141:
1066:
226:
145:
1012:
886:
1166:
1095:
249:
is where the highest persistence of R-DF63 descended subclades are found, the sibling of the extremely dominant R-DF13 subclade.
1035:
867:
602:
913:
Large-scale migration into
Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age, 22 Dec 2021, Nature volume 601, pages 588â594 (2022)
490:
from around 400 AD until they were deposed by their former vassals, the DĂĄl gCais in the 10th century. Septs include the
871:
938:
304:
346:
and buried with a pottery beaker, arrowhead & shells. He was classified as R-Z290, the immediate parent of R-L21.
1023:
594:
1171:
285:
209:
1111:
DNA from 459 Ancient
British Isles Burials Reveals Relationships â Does Yours Match?, Roberta Estes, 2022
478:, whom they have a corresponding genetic and genealogical relationship to (via their shared descent from
87:
1146:
601:" (who usurped the aforementioned Mac Lochlainns from the kingship of TĂr Chonaill), who descended from
552:
417:
312:
222:
966:
898:
Family ties: deciphering the DNA of the Amesbury Archer and the Companion, The Past, JANUARY 31, 2022
491:
503:
437:
392:
205:
580:
201:
61:
955:"Neolithic and Bronze Age migration to Ireland and establishment of the insular Atlantic genome"
834:
The phylogenealogy of R-L21:four and a half millennia of expansion and redistribution, Joe Flood
598:
584:
413:
288:, England, dating from 2453 to 2146 BC and buried with a bronze dagger was classified as R-L21.
1002:
984:
925:
Sections in supplementary material concering Amesbury Archer also reproduced on pg. 5 & 97
611:
587:
556:
519:
511:
448:
384:
300:
82:
77:
1049:
992:
974:
536:
515:
487:
479:
425:
421:
388:
350:
259:
218:
213:
920:
797:
766:
726:
704:
1063:
1036:
PHYLOGENETIC ALIGNMENTS WITH GENEALOGIES OF DESCENT FROM AILILL ĂLOM, Nigel McCarthy, 2021
560:
495:
429:
379:
292:
117:
544:
540:
970:
883:
997:
954:
631:
L21>>DF13>ZZ10_1>>Z2534>>>L226>>>>>>> DC21
548:
507:
474:
433:
395:
from 1603 until 1714. According to the Stewart DNA Project they lie under the subclade
354:
274:
129:
71:
397:
R1b-L21 > DF13 > Z39589 > DF41/S524 > Z43690 > S775 > L746 > S781
1135:
591:
564:
328:
189:
149:
332:
320:
121:
113:
572:
569:
L21>>DF13>Z39589>>>>>>>>M222>>>>DF105
445:
408:
225:
admixture among Britons). It later fell to its modern levels in Britain after the
657:
455:
Lords of Cineal Fearmaic and others. They descended from the common ancestor of
270:
185:
639:
634:
626:
616:
576:
499:
456:
296:
1024:
https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/r-l226-project/about/background%7CR-L226
988:
1091:
979:
848:
531:
468:
441:
327:, a predominantly Irish subclade in modern populations and ancestral to the
1006:
935:
654:
in 1696. The name may have been a transmutation of the Irish name O'Reilly.
484:
L21>>DF13>FGC11134>>>>>CTS4466>>>>A541
1126:
800:, Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age
769:, Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age
729:, Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age
707:, Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age
643:
620:
452:
400:
308:
246:
238:
234:
169:
161:
39:
679:
Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age
647:
342:'Ditchling Man', dating from 2287 to 2041 BC, found in Ditchling Road,
336:
230:
173:
157:
125:
291:
The Companion (dating to 2456â2146 BC, aged 25â30), buried beside the
651:
343:
263:
181:
177:
17:
461:
L21>>DF13>ZZ10_1>>Z2534>>>L226>>Z17669
277:, dating from 2464 to 2209 BC, was classified as R1b1a1a2a1a2c1a1n (
242:
221:(due to continental migrations which also increased the levels of
165:
367:
Below are listed some theorized lineages of prominent families.
339:, dating from 2015 to 1758 BC was also classified as R-FGC11134.
279:
R-DF13 > R-Z39589 > R-FGC59881 > R-BY577 > R-BY575
884:
The Amesbury Archer, Wessex Archaeology, accessed 20 Oct 2023
156:
comprises over 99% of bearers. It is dominant among males in
44:
Distribution of major subclade R-DF13 across western Europe
642:
soldier, Jean Baptiste Riel (abt. 1663 - 1753), who left
319:
A body of a man dating from around 2349-2135 BC found in
811:
High Resolution Paternal Genetic History of Ireland...
245:. Its origin is possibly around south west Britain as
372:
List of haplogroups of historical and famous figures
299:, belonged to R-L21. The archer (identified only as
229:. However, it still remains the dominant lineage in
615:and not even L21 at all. This family comprises the
109:
95:
67:
57:
49:
32:
1096:Reference made to the identification in this paper
266:dating from 2468 to 2294 BC was found to be R-L21.
619:, Tyrone OâNeills, OâNeills of the Fews, and the
524:L21>>DF13>DF21>>>>>Z16534
295:(dating to 2470â2239 BC, aged 35â45), found near
959:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
412:clan and all subsidiary families including the
1064:Sons of Aodh DNA Project, accessed 20 Oct 2023
535:, specifically the descendants of the sons of
258:The body of a man excavated from Canada Farm,
8:
853:, International Society of Genetic Genealogy
629:(1844-1885), who descends from the subclade
850:Y-DNA Haplogroup R and its Subclades - 2018
605:, belonged to an entirely separate lineage
200:This haplogroup first emerges in the Early
38:
1050:O'Neill DNA Project, accessed 20 Oct 2023
996:
978:
331:. Another body found in Treanmacmurtagh,
826:
670:
180:and present also to a lesser extent in
144:, also known as R-M529 or R-S145, is a
29:
522:etc.). These belonged to the lineage
387:from 1371 and then, additionally, as
7:
27:Paternal haplogroup of Celtic origin
212:largely replaced Britain's earlier
25:
172:, present in high frequencies in
146:Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
502:and others. The descendants of
482:). They possessed the mutation
472:and their close relatives, the
1162:Genetics in the United Kingdom
1:
609:, ultimately descending from
1157:History of the British Isles
787:Study ID: Treanmacmurtagh116
633:, being a descendent of the
510:(Lords of CineĂĄl Aodha) and
323:, Ireland was classified as
148:. It is often linked to the
567:. They were of the lineage
269:The body of a man found in
1188:
369:
363:Prominent members of R-L21
1152:Human population genetics
1142:Genetic history of Europe
921:Supplementary Information
778:Study ID: Pollnagollum911
444:Lords of Clancullen, the
399:. They are ultimately of
37:
498:, the O'Mahony Lords of
459:and are of the lineage:
210:steppe descended peoples
58:Possible place of origin
1167:Human Y-DNA haplogroups
980:10.1073/pnas.1518445113
725:Sample ID: I27380, See
305:relatedness coefficient
286:Westbourne, West Sussex
50:Possible time of origin
796:Sample ID: I6774, See
703:Sample ID: I5379, See
603:Ăed in MacĂĄem TĂłinlesc
325:R-DF13 > R-FGC11134
284:'Racton Man' found in
253:Archaeological testing
597:. However the later "
553:High Kings of Ireland
440:etc.) as well as the
418:High Kings of Ireland
227:Anglo-Saxon invasions
798:Supplementary Tables
767:Supplementary Tables
727:Supplementary Tables
705:Supplementary Tables
353:men from burials on
971:2016PNAS..113..368C
595:Kings of TĂr Eoghan
438:Marquess of Thomond
206:Bell Beaker culture
110:Highest frequencies
872:ISOGG nomenclature
617:Clannaboy OâNeills
581:Earl of Tyrconnell
62:South-west Britain
747:Sample ID: I14200
588:Kings of Connacht
557:Kings of Connacht
539:, comprising the
520:Earl of Clancarty
385:Kings of Scotland
135:
134:
16:(Redirected from
1179:
1098:
1089:
1083:
1075:
1069:
1061:
1055:
1047:
1041:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1010:
1000:
982:
950:
944:
933:
927:
910:
904:
895:
889:
881:
875:
861:
855:
854:
845:
839:
831:
814:
807:
801:
794:
788:
785:
779:
776:
770:
763:
757:
756:Sample ID: I2417
754:
748:
745:
739:
738:Sample ID: I2565
736:
730:
723:
717:
716:Sample ID: KD070
714:
708:
701:
695:
688:
682:
675:
537:Eochaid Mugmedon
516:Kings of Desmond
504:CellachĂĄn Caisil
488:Kings of Munster
480:Ailill Flann Bec
426:Kings of Thomond
422:Kings of Munster
389:Kings of England
351:Early Bronze Age
260:Sixpenny Handley
152:. One subclade,
42:
33:Haplogroup R-L21
30:
21:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1177:
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1132:
1131:
1123:
1107:
1105:Further reading
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733:
724:
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711:
702:
698:
689:
685:
676:
672:
667:
599:O'Neill dynasty
561:Kings of Ulster
449:Lords of Ormond
430:Earl of Thomond
380:House of Stuart
374:
365:
293:Amesbury Archer
255:
198:
128:
124:
120:
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104:
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90:
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80:
75:
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1185:
1183:
1175:
1174:
1172:Celtic history
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1122:
1121:External links
1119:
1118:
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1056:
1042:
1028:
1016:
965:(2): 368â373.
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527:
464:
434:Viscount Clare
404:
370:Main article:
364:
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360:
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355:Rathlin Island
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275:Northumberland
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1026:DNA Project]]
1025:
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1014:
1008:
1004:
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994:
990:
986:
981:
976:
972:
968:
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949:
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926:
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903:
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671:
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653:
649:
645:
641:
636:
632:
628:
625:
622:
618:
614:
613:
608:
604:
600:
596:
593:
592:Mac Lochlainn
589:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
565:Kings of Mide
562:
558:
554:
551:who ruled as
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
533:
528:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:
471:
470:
465:
462:
458:
454:
450:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:
405:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
383:who ruled as
382:
381:
376:
375:
373:
368:
362:
356:
352:
348:
345:
341:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
287:
283:
280:
276:
272:
268:
265:
261:
257:
256:
252:
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
215:
211:
207:
203:
195:
193:
191:
190:Low Countries
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
150:Insular Celts
147:
143:
139:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
112:
108:
98:
94:
89:
84:
79:
73:
70:
66:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1147:Haplogroup R
1087:
1073:
1059:
1045:
1031:
1019:
962:
958:
948:
931:
908:
893:
879:
859:
849:
843:
829:
810:
805:
792:
783:
774:
761:
752:
743:
734:
721:
712:
699:
691:
686:
678:
673:
630:
610:
606:
568:
545:UĂ Fiachrach
530:
523:
508:O'Callaghans
486:. They were
483:
473:
467:
460:
407:
396:
378:
366:
333:County Sligo
324:
321:Pollnagollum
278:
199:
176:and western
153:
141:
137:
136:
658:Che Guevara
577:TĂr Conaill
512:Mac Carthys
475:UĂ Fidgenti
271:Low Hauxley
186:Scandinavia
142:R1b1a2a1a2c
96:Descendants
91:**** R-Z290
1136:Categories
821:References
635:Dalcassian
627:Louis Riel
575:(Kings of
500:Kinalmeaky
492:O'Sullivan
416:(who were
329:EĂłganachta
297:Stonehenge
208:, wherein
202:Bronze Age
989:0027-8424
573:O'Donnell
541:UĂ BriĂșin
532:Connachta
494:Lords of
469:Eoganacht
446:O'Kennedy
442:MacNamara
409:DĂĄl gCais
214:Neolithic
1127:R1b-M529
1007:26712024
813:page 105
681:Figure 5
644:Limerick
640:Jacobite
621:McShanes
590:and the
585:O'Connor
549:UĂ NĂ©ill
316:Britain.
309:the Alps
247:Cornwall
239:Brittany
235:Scotland
219:Iron Age
188:and the
170:Brittany
162:Scotland
118:Scottish
105:* R-DF13
103:* R-DF63
74:(R-M343)
68:Ancestor
53:2,600 BC
1115:Archive
1081:Archive
1067:Archive
1053:Archive
1039:Archive
1013:Archive
998:4720318
967:Bibcode
939:Archive
917:Archive
902:Archive
887:Archive
868:Archive
837:Archive
648:Ireland
607:R-Z1513
583:), the
457:TĂĄl Cas
414:O'Brien
403:origin.
393:Ireland
337:Ireland
231:Ireland
196:History
174:England
158:Ireland
130:English
126:Bretons
99:R-A5846
1005:
995:
987:
694:page 2
652:France
612:R-DF27
451:, the
401:Breton
358:R-L21.
349:Three
344:Sussex
301:R-L151
264:Dorset
182:Iberia
178:France
154:R-DF13
101:R-S552
88:R-P312
83:R-L151
78:R-M269
692:Flood
665:Notes
496:Beare
453:O'Dea
243:Wales
166:Wales
138:R-L21
122:Welsh
114:Irish
18:R-L21
1003:PMID
985:ISSN
809:See
765:See
690:See
677:See
650:for
563:and
547:and
529:The
466:The
406:The
391:and
377:The
241:and
168:and
86:***
993:PMC
975:doi
963:113
942:PDF
865:4.0
313:EEF
223:EEF
140:or
81:**
72:R1b
1138::
1113:,
1094:,
1011:,
1001:.
991:.
983:.
973:.
961:.
957:.
923:,
919:,
915:,
900:,
646:,
579:,
559:,
555:,
543:,
518:,
463:.
436:,
432:,
428:,
424:,
420:,
335:,
281:).
273:,
262:,
237:,
233:,
192:.
184:,
164:,
160:,
76:*
1009:.
977::
969::
874:)
870:(
623:.
526:.
514:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
