Rugby union positions - Knowledge (XXG)

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reading the play and directing the attack. The outside centre is positioned outside the inside centre and is generally the faster of the two. The centres' main role is to provide space for the players outside them. They need to run good lines (run into spaces or at 90 degrees to their opposition), be able to side step and swerve, and have good passing skills. When the ball is moved along the opposition backline, the centres are the first players to make the tackle. They need to be aggressive tacklers to knock their opponent down and seize the ball and be good at organising the defensive lines. Outside centres generally have more room to move than inside centres. Centres also provide support at the breakdowns and can run as decoys to confuse the defence.

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five". In the backs, "half-backs" can be used to describe the scrum-half and fly-half; "inside backs" to describe the scrum-half, fly-half and inside centre; "midfield" for the fly-half and both centres (in New Zealand it refers only to the second five-eighth and centre); and "outside backs" for the outside centre, wings and full-back. The two props are distinguished by being either a "tighthead" (their head is positioned between the opposition prop and hooker) or "loosehead" (their head is positioned on the outside of the scrum). The "blindside flanker" binds to the scrum on the side closest to the side line, while the "openside flanker" binds on the side with the most space between the scrum and the sideline.

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field. During general play, the scrum-half is generally the player who receives the ball from the forwards and passes it to the backs. They are good communicators, especially at directing the forwards around, and their aim is to provide the backs with clean ball. Good scrum-halves have an excellent pass, a good tactical kick and are deceptive runners. At defensive scrums they put pressure on the opposition scrum-half or defend the blindside. On defence in open play they generally cover for deep kicks after the ball has been passed wide. Traditionally, scrum-halves have been the smallest players on the team, but many modern scrum-halves are a similar size to the other players in the team.

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to drive the scrum forward. Since the game has become professional, non-specialist props or hookers cannot play in the front row. If, through sendings-off or injuries, a team does not have enough specialist front row players, the scrums become 'uncontested' (i.e. no pushing is allowed and the team putting the ball into the scrum wins it). On their own scrum, the loosehead's role is to provide the hooker with a clear view to strike the ball, while the tighthead tries to keep the scrum stable. When the opposition is putting the ball in, the tighthead attempts to disrupt the opposing hooker or loosehead, making it difficult for them to win the ball.

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role of the props in keeping the scrum stable, it is usually one of the hookers who successfully "hooks" the ball back with the movement of a leg and foot coming into contact with the ball to win possession for their team. Hookers generally have a short back and long arms to aid in binding to the props. Hookers are usually more mobile than the props, and are often used to carry the ball up during open play. Only specialist front-row players can play hooker; if a team cannot field one for any reason, the scrums will become uncontested. In addition to their role in the scrum, hookers generally throw the ball into the line-out.

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to the right of the hooker with their head positioned between the opposition hooker and the opposition loosehead prop. The prop's main role is to provide stability at the scrum and support the hooker in quickly winning the ball. At the line-out, the prop's role is to support the jumper as they compete for the ball. They are usually positioned at the front of the line-out with a jumper in between them. They are also often involved in lifting jumpers when receiving kick-offs. While scrummaging is still seen as their main responsibility, modern props are also expected to contribute in the attack and defence.

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targets when the ball is thrown in at line-outs. Locks must also have good catching and tackling ability. At the line-out the locks are lifted and supported by teammates, allowing them to compete for the ball, either passing or tapping it to the scrumhalf or setting up a drive. In scrums the two locks bind tightly together, and each puts their head between a prop and the hooker. They compete for the kick-offs, and are involved in securing the ball in rucks and mauls. They commonly make short runs carrying the ball into contact (sometimes known as "crash balls").

117: 87:, 1 to 15. The positions are divided into two main categories; forwards (numbered 1 to 8) and backs (numbered 9 to 15). In international matches, there are eight substitutes that can replace an on-field team-mate. The substitutes, numbered 16 to 23, can either take up the position of the player they replace or the on-field players can be shuffled to make room for this player in another position. Typically, the forwards among the substitutes will have lower numbers than the backs. There are no personal 291: 712: 299:

big, strong and able to break tackles. The skills needed for the left wing and right wing are similar, although left-footed players are usually played on the left wing as they can step and kick better off their left foot. The winger on the blindside often "comes off the wing" to provide an extra man in the midfield, in the same way as would a full-back. One or both wingers will usually drop back on opposition kicks to give the full-back extra options for counter-attacking.

510: 44:, there are 15 players on each team, comprising eight forwards (wearing jerseys numbered 1–8) and seven backs (numbered 9–15). In addition, there may be up to eight replacement players "on the bench", numbered 16–23. Players are not restricted to a single position, although they generally specialise in just one or two that suit their skills and body types. Players that play multiple positions are called "utility players". 801:

usually faster than the blindside, with good opensides excellent at turning over the ball at the tackle. Teams often use their openside flankers to 'charge' the opposition fly-half, putting pressure on him and forcing him to rush his decision-making, kicking or passing. Blindside flankers also have the task of stopping any attempt by the opposition's number eight to run with the ball around the blindside of a scrum.

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gaps up or cover the gaps themselves. The full-back has the most potential for attacking the opposition, especially from a misdirected kick. If a kick is fielded and there is enough space and support, the full-back may decide to counter-attack by running the ball back towards the opposition. Due to their kicking skills, in some teams the full-back is also responsible for taking the goal kicks.

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of providing an extra person and overlapping the defending players. Three of the most important attributes of a good full-back are good catching ability under a high kick, the ability to punt the ball a long distance with accuracy, and the speed and skill to join in back line attacking moves, especially counter-attacks. The full-back is the player most likely to field the

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and half-tends were renamed "backs" and "half-backs". As the game became more sophisticated, the backs positioned at different depths behind the forwards. They were further differentiated into half-backs, three-quarter-backs, and full-back. Specialised roles for the scrum also evolved with "wing-forward" (modern day flankers) being employed to protect the half-back.

76: 4180: 51:(a contest used to restart play) must consist of eight players from each team: the "front row" (two props – a loosehead and tighthead – and a hooker), the "second row" (two locks and two flankers), and a "back row" (a number 8). The players outside the scrum are called "the backs": scrum-half, fly-half, inside centre, outside centre, two wings, and a fullback. 1261: 774: 617: 797:

play an important role in keeping the props tight by pushing at an angle. They should be the first forward to a breakdown from a scrum or line-out and are expected to link with the backline or secure the ball at the tackle. Both positions have a high workrate, meaning the players need to be fit, fast and good at reading the opposition's attacking plays.

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thinking and have the vision to direct effective attacking plays. Fly-halves need good passing and kicking skills. Often the fly-half is the best kicker in the team and needs to be able to execute attacking kicks such as up-and-unders, grubbers and chip kicks as well as being able to kick for territory. Many fly-halves are also the team's goal kickers.

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scrum and run with it or pass it to the scrum-half. At line-outs, they can be either another jumper or a lifter. Around the field, they have a similar set of responsibilities as the flankers at the breakdown. Number eights are often strong ball carriers and run off the backs in an attempt to break through or push past the opposition's defensive line.

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many of the tries. The centres' key attacking roles are to break through the defensive line and link successfully with wingers. The fly-half can be a good kicker and generally directs the back line. The scrum-half retrieves the ball from the forwards and needs a quick and accurate pass to get the ball to the backs (often first to the fly-half).

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The props "prop up" the hooker in the scrum. They form part of the front row of the scrum and push against the opposition's props. The loosehead prop (number 1) is positioned to the left of the hooker and their head will be on the outside of the scrum when it engages. The tighthead prop (number 3) is

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A fly-half (number 10) is usually the first player to receive the ball from the scrum-half following a breakdown, line-out or scrum. Therefore, they must be decisive with what actions to take. They must possess leadership and communicate effectively with the back line. Good fly-halves are calm, clear

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The various positions have changed names over time, and many are known by different names in different countries. Players in the flanker positions were originally known as "wing forwards", while in the backs, "centre three-quarter" and "wing three-quarter" were used to describe the outside centre and

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The first international between England and Scotland was played in 1871 and consisted of 20 players on each side: thirteen forwards, three half-backs, one three-quarter and three full-backs. The player numbers were reduced to fifteen in 1877. Numbers were added to the backs of players' jerseys in the

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Eventually, the attacking possibilities of playing close behind the scrimmage were recognised. The players who stationed themselves between the forwards and tends became known as "half-tends". Later, it was observed that the players outside scrimmage were not limited to a defensive role, so the tends

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teams have only seven players on the field and can nominate five substitutes. The seven players are split into three forwards and four backs. Scrums are formed with three players who bind together the same as the front row. There are four backs: scrum-half, fly-half, centre, and wing. The scrum-half

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The wings are generally positioned on the outside of the backline with the number 11 on the left and the number 14 on the right. Their primary function is to finish off moves and score tries. Wingers are usually the fastest players in the team and tend to be either elusive runners or, more recently,

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To provide effective cover behind the defensive line, good full-backs are careful not to get caught out of position and must anticipate the opposition's play. Their position behind the backline allows them to see any holes in the defensive line and they either communicate with the backs to close the

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Full-backs (number 15) usually position themselves several metres behind the back line. They field any deep opposition kicks and are often the last line of defence should an opponent break through the back line. On attack, they can enter the back line, usually near the centres or wings, with the aim

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The backs play behind the forwards and are usually more lightly built and faster. Successful backs are skilful at passing and kicking. Full-backs need to be good defenders and kickers, and have the ability to catch a kicked ball. The wingers are usually among the fastest players in a team, and score

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Props have to take in pressure from the locks and loose forwards pushing from behind and the opposition pushing against them, so they are often among the strongest players in a team. Some of the more successful props have short necks and broad shoulders to absorb this force as well as powerful legs

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The locks form the second row, with the number 4 lock on the left and the number 5 on the right. They scrummage by pushing against the front row, thereby providing much of the power, and are commonly known as the engine room. They are almost always the tallest players in a team, and are the primary

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The flanker's role is to tackle the opposition and try to steal the ball. The openside flanker (number 7) binds to the side of the scrum that covers the greatest area, while the blindside flanker (number 6) covers the side nearest the side-line. They bind loosely to the side of the scrum, but still

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The number eight, or eighthman in South Africa, binds between the locks at the back of the scrum, providing extra weight at the push. Number eights interact with the scrum-half at the back of the scrum to control and provide clean ball for the backs. They can also pick the ball from the back of the

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For much of the history of the sport, the full-back position was almost totally defensive. Originally, the ball could be kicked directly into touch from any spot on the field, with a line-out then following at the spot where the ball went into touch. This effectively placed a premium on full-backs'

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Early names, such as "three-quarters" (for the wings and centres) and "outside-half" or simply "out-half" (for fly-half) are sometimes used in the Northern Hemisphere, while in New Zealand the fly-half and inside centre are called "first five-eighth" and "second five-eighth" respectively, while the

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and the aforementioned Williams. Hastings and Irvine were accurate goal-kickers and Kiernan is credited with being the first attacking full-back in Irish rugby. Williams was chosen as the greatest Lions full-back at the inaugural Lions Legends Dinner at Lord's in 2008 and is praised for his safety

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or "up and unders" kicked by the opposition. Good hands are needed to ensure the ball is caught cleanly to deny the opposition the chance to regain possession. As the full-back will inevitably catch the ball deep in their own territory with little support from their own players, they should either

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Different positions on the field suit certain skill sets and body types, generally leading to players specialising in a limited number of positions. Each position has certain roles to play on the field, although most have been established through convention rather than law. During general play, as

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and are generally bigger and stronger than the backs. Props push in the scrums, while the hooker tries to secure the ball for their team by "hooking" it back with their foot. The hooker is also usually responsible for throwing the ball in at line-outs, where it is mostly competed for by the locks,

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The hooker (number 2) is positioned between the two props in the scrum. After the scrumhalf throws the ball into the scrum, the hooker from the team which threw in the ball must strike for the ball. Any front-row player may use a foot to strike for the ball and gain possession. However, given the

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The scrum-half (number 9) is the link between the forwards and the backs. They receive the ball from the line-out and remove the ball from the back of the scrum, usually passing it to the fly-half. They also feed the scrum. Along with the fly-half, they make many of the tactical decisions on the

213:. Only three tries had been scored by full-backs in the Championship prior to 1969. According to rugby historian John Griffiths, the worldwide adoption of the current law restricting direct kicking into touch in September 1968 (a law previously used in Australia) "revolutionised full-back play". 165:

Collective terms are also used to describe similar positions; the props and hooker combine to form the "front row", the locks the "second row" and the flankers and number 8 the "back row", "loose forwards" or the "loosies". The front row and second row combined are collectively termed the "tight

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During open play if they have not made the tackle they usually stand in the loose next to the ruck or maul. This allows them to arrive quickly at the next tackle. The blindside is generally the larger of the two and usually acts as a third jumping option at the line-out. The openside flanker is

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There are two centres in a rugby team, inside centre (number 12) and outside centre (number 13). The inside centre usually stands close to the fly-half or at first receiver on the other side of the scrum or breakdown. Like the fly-half, they generally possess a good kicking game and are good at

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Players who have the ability to play a number of positions in a team are called utility players. Utility players can be seen as "Jack of all trades" and they generally occupy the reserve position in a team. For this reason, many try to avoid being labelled as utilities. Players in the forward

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When a team is defending in open play or from a penalty kick, the defending team will often play a line of six defenders across the field, with one player deeper known as the "sweeper" whose role is to field kicks or to tackle attacking players who have broken through the defensive line.

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of Ireland and the Lions was inducted in 2013. He earned 27 caps for Ireland and appeared 17 times for the Lions from 1958 to 1965, captaining the Lions in six Tests; after his playing career ended, he became the first head coach of Ireland and still later served as president of the

162:, the scrum-half is still referred to as the "half-back", the fly-half is referred to as the "first five-eighth", the inside centre is called the "second five-eighth" and the outside centre is simply known as "centre". In America and Canada the number 8 is known as "8-man". 2810: 91:

and a versatile player's position and number may change from one game to the next. Players can also change positions during the match; common examples are the fly-half playing the full-back's position in defence or a prop taking the hooker's position at line-outs.

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During early rugby union games there were only really two positions; most players were in the forwards, who formed part of the scrimmage (which later was called "scrummage" and then "scrum"), and a few defensive "tends" (from "goaltenders").

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feeds the ball into the scrum. The other three players form the backline. Since play is much more open in sevens, with rucks and mauls generally kept to a minimum, most sevens players are backs or loose forwards in fifteen-a-side teams.

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kick the ball downfield or run forward to link up with their backs to start a counter-attack. If the full-back kicks the ball out, the opposition have the line-out, whereas if they start a counter-attack they have a number of options.

971:). Du Preez, Eales, Johnson and McBride are also members of the IRB Hall of Fame as players; Lochore was inducted into the IRB Hall primarily as a coach. Three locks are members of the IRB Hall of Fame but not the International Hall— 2083: 3154: 600:, younger brother of the aforementioned Richard, only played four times for his country, but was one of the world's top fly-halves in the early 21st century, twice being named the player of the year in South Africa's domestic 59:

who are generally the tallest players on the team. The flankers and number eight are expected to be the first players to arrive at a breakdown and play an important role in securing possession of the ball for their team.

679:, is perhaps best known as the Pumas' captain during their surprise run to third place in the 2007 World Cup, which eventually led to their 2012 entry into The Rugby Championship, previously the Tri Nations. Australian 1181:, all with international caps in both rows of the scrum. The front row positions are usually very specialised, although some props can play both sides or even hooker. South African captain and IRB Hall of Fame member 2662: 3383: 1233:, although most famous as a sevens player and primarily a fly-half in 15s, also started Tests as a scrum-half, full-back and wing, and came off the bench once as a centre and once as an emergency lock. 1192:

Utility backs tend to cover a greater number of positions, with players commonly switching between scrum-half and fly-half, fly-half and centre, or wing and full-back. Another famous utility player was

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A scrum is preparing to engage. The front row consists of two props on either side of the hooker. The number eight can be seen standing up at the back, while the flankers are bound on the side.

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played for South Africa from 1924 until 1933, during which he played a South African record of 17 consecutive games and scored a then world record of 14 points in one game against New Zealand.

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There is a maximum of 15 players from each team allowed on a rugby field at any one time. The players' positions at the start of the game are indicated by the numbers on the backs of their

356:, who played most of his career on the wing but ended it as a centre. He participated in five World Cups for Manu Samoa and became known as "The Chiropractor" for his ferocious tackling. 2074: 3158: 348:, a 19th-century player for Scotland and the Lions, who played at three-quarters, which eventually evolved into the modern position of wing. Another 2011 inductee in the IRB Hall is 3803: 3597: 1616: 2653: 2009: 584:

Of the players mentioned above, Ella, Kyle, Morgan, Osler and Porta are members of the IRB Hall of Fame. Four fly-halves are in the IRB Hall but not the International Hall.

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from France, known for their flamboyant attacking play. Gibson and Sella are also in the IRB Hall of Fame. Seven centres are in the IRB Hall but not the International Hall—

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has also shown great versatility throughout his career, playing 6 tests at scrum-half, 46 at fly-half, 50 at centre and one on the wing. 2013 IRB Hall inductee

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played 62 tests at centre, 2 on the wing and 9 at full-back. Danie Craven mostly played at half-back, but has also started a Test in the forwards at number 8.

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tend to reflect Northern Hemisphere usage although fly-half is still often known as "outside-half" or "stand-off" in Britain, and "outhalf" in Ireland. In

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The back row (or loose forwards) consists of three players – two flankers, one on either side of the scrum; and a number eight at the back of the scrum.

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skills in kicking from hand. The first Test tries by full-backs in international matches came relatively early, in 1878 and 1880, but it was not until

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is a French international that is a member of both the International Rugby Hall of Fame and the IRB Hall of Fame. Also in the IRB Hall of Fame is

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retired in 2003, he had 89 caps, at the time the most for any South African. Of these players, only van der Westhuizen is not in the IRB Hall.

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has played test matches in every front row position. Another IRB Hall member to have played multiple forward positions is 2013 inductee

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scored 312 points (including a record 17 drop goals) despite playing most of his career when the Springboks were boycotted. Australia's

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played from 1896 to 1906 and was known as the "Prince of Threequarters". Other centres in the International Rugby Hall of Fame are

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of Australia was made captain on his debut at 21 in 1961, and went on to captain the Wallabies in nearly half of his 27 Tests.

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was the first full-back to regularly score tries after the law change, scoring six times in Five Nations matches in the 1970s.

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took over fly-half from Ella, and in his first test in that position scored an Australian record of 23 points against Canada.

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was influential in helping the British Lions of 1971 become the only Lions touring party to win a Test series in New Zealand.

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played for Wales and the British and Irish Lions during the 1970s and is regarded by many as the greatest player in history.

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star, who was considered one of the world's top players of the 1960s, became his country's first inductee into the IRB Hall.

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played 72 games for Wales and scored 33 tries – at that time a record for Wales. In 1994, International Rugby Hall of Famer

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and was known for his counter-attacking ability. In 1997, he was among the inaugural set of rugby players inducted into the

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won 32 caps for Scotland and went on two Lions tours, while as a coach he led the Lions a record four times. Welsh centre

671:, inducted in 2011, was captain of the All Blacks team that won the inaugural 1987 Rugby World Cup. Fellow 2011 inductee 322:

retired as the (then) most capped player and highest try scorer in All Black history. One of the most notable wingers is

306:, a member of both the International and IRB Halls of Fame, played 101 times for Australia and held the world record for 265:

under the high ball, tackling and calm decision making. The other full-backs in the International Rugby Hall of Fame are

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Five scrum-halves are members of the International Rugby Hall of Fame; four of them are also in the IRB Hall of Fame.

578: 469: 277:. Clarke, nicknamed "the boot", was an accurate goal kicker and Nēpia was noted for his tackling and kicking ability. 2987: 1441: 1189:, an Australian utility forward who played at flanker, number 8, lock and prop for the Wallabies from 1955 to 1967. 2452: 2145: 4094: 1699: 1315: 1053: 249: 2247: 4183: 4074: 3887: 1218: 645: 592:

played in all of the first four Rugby World Cups, and remains the country's all-time leading Test points scorer.

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entered the International Hall in 2007 and the IRB Hall of Fame in 2011, debuted as the youngest ever All Black.

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during the apartheid era and even though he was only able to play 24 tests over 12 years, he scored 19 tries.

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was one of the most respected goal-kickers who scored more than 1,000 points in all matches for New Zealand.

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wing respectively (although the terms are still sometimes used in the Northern Hemisphere) The names used by

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from South Africa was one of the greatest scrum halves in the 1930s and a respected administrator of the

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Jason Robinson, a wing playing for Sale Sharks towards the end of the 2005-2006 Guinness Premiership.

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used his vision, passing skills and game management to orchestrate a new flat-back attacking style.

3938: 3912: 1721: 1154: 1130: 952: 460:, a 19th-century Welsh player whose skills led to the creation of the modern two-centre formation; 397: 319: 121: 101: 36:

A normal rugby union team formation illustrating each of the positions and their respective numbers

608:, an Australian inducted in 2013, was one of the leading fly-halves of the 1920s and early 1930s. 2751: 1146: 3443: 3479: 509: 340:

played wing for Ireland between 1955 and 1970 and scored a record 38 tries on two Lions tours.

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played for Ireland and the Lions; his record of 69 caps for Ireland lasted for 26 years.

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positions are generally more specialised than those that play in the backs. However,

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Three scrum-halves are in the IRB Hall but not the International Hall. New Zealander

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was known simply as "the king" to Welsh rugby fans and was rated third in the 1971

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1920s, initially as a way for coaches and selectors to rate individual players.

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The forwards are in the scrum while the backs are lined up across the field.

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http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/rules_and_equipment/6332057.stm

2601:(Press release). International Rugby Board. 25 October 2012. Archived from 2321:(Press release). International Rugby Board. 26 October 2011. Archived from 2271:(Press release). International Rugby Board. 27 October 2009. Archived from 1039:). Two hookers are members of the IRB Hall but not the International Hall. 660:

winning campaign; he was enshrined in the International Hall in 1999. When

2127:"Nepia, George – Biography', from the Dictionary of New Zealand biography" 75: 3600:(Press release). International Rugby Board. 23 March 2013. Archived from 1971:(Press release). International Rugby Board. 19 March 2011. Archived from 1202: 310:. He was famous for his goose step and reverse pass. Welsh international 2488:"Ian McGeechan's passion for rugby 'undimmed' after knighthood honour". 773: 616: 3998: 2572:(Press release). International Rugby Board. 26 May 2012. Archived from 2372:(Press release). International Rugby Board. 5 June 2012. Archived from 1197:, who started and played test matches for England and club matches for 449: 179: 2850: 704:"Eighthman" redirects here. For the anime superhero "Eightman", see 1827: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1063: 1003: 875: 772: 710: 705: 615: 508: 380: 289: 209:

that a full-back scored a try in the competition now known as the

178: 115: 74: 31: 3813: 3328: 3326: 3192: 3190: 2622: 2620: 1854: 1852: 1217:. Among members of the International Rugby or IRB Halls of Fame, 496:

and Wales in the era immediately following the Second World War.

3817: 2505:

Fields of Praise: The Official History of The Welsh Rugby Union

723:

Number eights in the International Rugby Hall of Fame include:

2474: 868:). Pienaar and Prat are also members of the IRB Hall of Fame. 464:, French international and younger brother of André; brothers 302:

There have been a number of notable wings throughout history.

2654:"Barbarians v New Zealand '73 – the greatest try of them all" 1221:

has 28 caps at fly-half, 48 at centre and 4 on the wing, and

3625:"Statsguru: Player analysis / Waisale Serevi / Test matches" 3548:"Statsguru / Player analysis / Danie Craven / Test matches" 3265: 3263: 3125: 3123: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3085: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2893: 1068:

Opposing props attempt to gain the upper hand in the scrum.

979:

great of the era around 1900 who was also one of the first

525:

Fly-halves in the International Rugby Hall of Fame include

436:

for Australia, being named the Player of the Tournament in

414:

8th-highest try scorer in international rugby union history

3573:"Statsguru / Player analysis / Matt Giteau / Test matches" 3498:"Statsguru / Player analysis / Mike Gibson / Test matches" 2697:"The 10 greatest fly-halves in the history of rugby union" 804:

Flankers in the International Rugby Hall of Fame include:

3660: 3648: 3375:"Ben Foden keen to side-step curse of the utility player" 2055:"Decision to jettison Maggs creates problem for backline" 1019:

Hookers in the International Rugby Hall of Fame include:

3799:

Country by country list of the names of player positions

3523:"Statsguru / Player analysis / Tim Horan / Test matches" 1644:"Rogers muscling Loyola toward 4th straight rugby title" 1467:"The Sydney Morning Herald – Google News Archive Search" 1338:"British & Irish Lions Tour to South Africa in 2009" 3711:

Brown, Mathew; Guthrie, Patrick; Growden, Greg (2010).

2507:. Cardiff, UK: University of Wales Press. p. 138. 1080:

Props in the International Rugby Hall of Fame include:

891:

Locks in the International Rugby Hall of Fame include:

1672:"Rugby: Highlanders reshuffle loosies for Lions clash" 1666: 1664: 2951:"Countdown of Africa's top sporting figures (25–21)" 4138: 4108: 4062: 4053: 4033: 4007: 3931: 3860: 3851: 3399:"I want to be England's rock, says Delon .Armitage" 3048: 3046: 3044: 2222:"Rugby Union: Winger Evans hangs up his Test boots" 1899:"Hall of Fame honour for three of Ireland's greats" 1831: 3373: 2778: 2652: 2396: 2073: 1763: 1527: 3350:"The rules of engagement – tighthead v loosehead" 2732:Devine, Darren; Rhys, Steffan (2 February 2009). 2313: 1963: 1961: 1959: 2570:"Chilean Rugby greats added to IRB Hall of Fame" 2311: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2293: 1553:"Rejuvenated Townsend relishes pivotal position" 1008:A hooker getting ready to throw the ball into a 987:; and early 20th-century Scottish international 561:is widely considered Ireland's greatest player. 492:, who formed a legendary centre partnership for 402:fourth-most-capped player in rugby union history 3332: 3287:"Scrum safety? That's not as easy as it sounds" 3254: 3220: 3208: 3196: 2734:"Barry John puts rugby memorabilia up for sale" 2638: 2626: 2453:"England vs France no longer only game in town" 2370:"IRB inducts Japanese legend into Hall of Fame" 2162: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1858: 1843: 2825:"IRB Hall of Fame 2009 Inductee: Bennie Osler" 1619:. Canada.com. 8 September 2007. Archived from 1617:"Veterans to lead Canada into Rugby World Cup" 1145:. Many players may also be capable of playing 573:is regarded as one of the finest players that 416:, and the highest-scoring centre of all time. 248:(also inducted into the IRB Hall in 2013) and 3829: 3598:"Sevens great Serevi enters IRB Hall of Fame" 2932:"Scott Miller, Ken Catchpole on drug charges" 2196:"Gerald Davies on the adventure of the Lions" 1571:"Outhalf rises to occasion in gritty triumph" 244:are in the International Rugby Hall of Fame; 8: 2319:"RWC legends inducted into IRB Hall of Fame" 2075:"JPR Williams – the greatest Lions fullback" 54:Forwards compete for the ball in scrums and 2471:Twice Tim: Horan named player of tournament 2398:"Jonah Lomu: A hero who just wants to help" 1969:"Five French legends into IRB Hall of Fame" 1765:"New Zealand side built around a twin axis" 4059: 3857: 3836: 3822: 3814: 3269: 3141: 3129: 3114: 3097: 2917: 2905: 2803:"Canadian rugby team thumped by Wallabies" 2419: 1590:"Rugby: Donald measures up Carter's crown" 1529:"Perfect script unfolds for comeback king" 577:has produced and has been a member of the 404:, having played 141 test matches, 133 for 236:and in 2011 he was also inducted into the 3280: 3278: 3024:"Players & Officials: Agustin Pichot" 2593: 2591: 3367: 3365: 3343: 3341: 2599:"Tsimba brothers enter IRB Hall of Fame" 2131:Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2125:McConnell, Robin C. (1 September 2010). 2010:"Legends inducted into IRB Hall of Fame" 1788:"Canterbury tighthead signs for Munster" 555:BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award 67:scrum-half is known as the "half-back". 3740:A Social History of English Rugby Union 3729:Bompa, Tudor; Claro, Frederick (2008). 3720:Biscombe, Tony; Drewett, Peter (2009). 2988:"Farr-Jones inducted into Hall of Fame" 2715:"Rugby Union: Fox the hot-shot retires" 2503:Smith, David; Williams, Gareth (1980). 2072:Gallagher, Brendan (27 November 2008). 1428: 1398: 1296: 3179:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 3172: 2827:. IRB. 27 October 2009. Archived from 2651:Gallagher, Brendan (4 December 2009). 2266:"IRB Hall of Fame: The 2009 Induction" 1306:"Cooper can run but not hide from NSW" 1275:List of rugby union players by country 228:, who scored 38 tries in 93 tests for 3386:from the original on 11 January 2022. 2791:from the original on 11 January 2022. 2665:from the original on 11 January 2022. 2434:"Lions 2009: South Africa Dream Team" 2409:from the original on 11 January 2022. 2345:"Players & Officials: Brian Lima" 2098:"The man, his boots and a rugby ball" 2086:from the original on 11 January 2022. 1873:"O'Driscoll and toppling RWC winners" 1776:from the original on 11 January 2022. 1540:from the original on 11 January 2022. 1153:, with several modern examples being 983:internationals; French international 675:, who played in three World Cups for 240:. Four full-backs who played for the 7: 4179: 2851:"Hugo Porta: Laureus Academy Member" 2451:Phillips, Mitch (10 February 2005). 1946:"Bulloch boys must cause disruption" 1551:Turnbull, Simon (10 November 2000). 3765:. International Rugby Board. 2011. 3418:"Ashton: Cipriani To Be Specialist" 2395:Ackford, Paul (20 September 2008). 2146:"Scottish rugby welcomes back Lomu" 2037:"Paterson takes aim at Irish dream" 1944:Hastings, Scott (30 January 2005). 1368:"A Beginner's Guide to Rugby Union" 624:passes the ball from the back of a 108:) that the positions are enforced. 3695:"Set up your rugby sevens defence" 3285:Hewett, Chris (14 December 2002). 2678:"Naas still winning over new fans" 2175:Trace, Marion (12 November 2003). 2144:Ferguson, David (7 January 2006). 656:captained Australia through their 27:15 on-field positions in the sport 25: 3397:Kidd, Patrick (5 February 2009). 2248:"Rugby: All Black hero to retire" 2035:Turnbull, Simon (14 March 2009). 1916:Daniell, John (9 December 2007). 1832:Brown, Guthrie & Growden 2010 1588:Rattue, Chris (1 November 2008). 1126: 1056:and chairman of the IRB Council. 4178: 4169: 4168: 3442:Capostagno, Andy (5 June 2009). 3348:Drake, John (17 November 2005). 2968:Palmer, Bryn (6 November 2002). 2752:"Sports Personality of the Year" 2695:Butler, Eddie (6 January 2002). 2556:A Century of Welsh Rugby Players 1526:Evans, Ieuan (4 February 2007). 1259: 784:detaches from a scrum to tackle 234:International Rugby Hall of Fame 3908:International eligibility rules 2676:Staats, Murray (4 March 2008). 1871:Griffiths, John (4 July 2012). 1642:McKee, Sandra (13 April 2011). 1344:. 29 April 2013. Archived from 1304:Horne, Ben (26 February 2011). 408:(83 as captain), and 8 for the 3661:International Rugby Board 2011 3649:International Rugby Board 2011 3372:Cleary, Mick (3 August 2011). 2930:Kirby, Simon (17 April 2008). 2809:. 24 June 1985. Archived from 2777:Mairs, Gavin (20 March 2009). 2177:"Campese says sorry to Gregan" 1918:"Rugby: The fallback position" 1484:Butler, Eddie (10 July 2005). 880:Locks jumping for a ball at a 187:, fields the ball from a kick. 1: 3759:Laws of the game: Rugby Union 3462:"Smit dismisses prop problem" 2949:Slot, Owen (1 January 2010). 2432:Bills, Peter (17 June 2009). 2194:Bills, Peter (17 July 2008). 1745:"Munster can do it by halves" 1743:Barnes, Stuart (2 May 2010). 1285:Rugby union numbering schemes 1150: 529:, as well as fellow Welshman 3809:www.rugbyfootballhistory.com 3480:"Ton-up Smit very 'special'" 3444:"Horns forward for the Boks" 1762:Kirk, David (22 June 2008). 579:Laureus World Sports Academy 535:the greatest try of all time 3333:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 3255:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 3234:"World Rugby Laws 19 Scrum" 3221:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 3209:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 3197:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 2639:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 2627:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 2163:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 1859:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 1844:Biscombe & Drewett 2009 224:Notable full-backs include 4226: 2529:"All-time Greats – France" 2254:. London. 16 October 1994. 766: 703: 326:, who played 51 games for 308:most tries in test matches 4164: 3061:International Rugby Board 2721:. London. 5 January 1994. 1724:. IOL.co.za. 15 July 2009 1446:Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz 692:Back row (Loose forwards) 646:South African Rugby Board 3804:SARU Origins of the Game 3733:. Meyer and Meyer Sport. 3697:, Better Rugby Coaching. 3006:"Joost tips SA recovery" 2970:"The state of the Union" 1722:"WP count on tight five" 1702:. Mg.co.za. 16 June 2006 662:Joost van der Westhuizen 620:IRB Hall of Fame member 517:lines up a kick at goal. 211:Six Nations Championship 3722:Rugby: Steps to Success 3676:. Pro Training Programs 2228:. London. 12 March 1998 733:British and Irish Lions 410:British and Irish Lions 242:British and Irish Lions 3738:Collins, Tony (2009). 3731:Periodization in Rugby 3715:. John Wiley and Sons. 3355:The New Zealand Herald 3270:Bompa & Claro 2008 3142:Bompa & Claro 2008 3130:Bompa & Claro 2008 3115:Bompa & Claro 2008 3098:Bompa & Claro 2008 2918:Bompa & Claro 2008 2906:Bompa & Claro 2008 2558:. Ansells. p. 10. 2554:Thomas, Wayne (1979). 2420:Bompa & Claro 2008 2103:The New Zealand Herald 1923:The New Zealand Herald 1677:The New Zealand Herald 1595:The New Zealand Herald 1486:"Outdated and exposed" 1280:Rugby league positions 1069: 1012: 884: 793: 716: 629: 518: 390: 295: 188: 133: 80: 37: 4205:Rugby union positions 3236:. World Rugby Limited 1412:"History of the Game" 1067: 1007: 989:David Bedell-Sivright 879: 776: 769:Flanker (rugby union) 714: 619: 512: 384: 293: 182: 119: 96:long as they are not 78: 35: 2831:on 17 September 2011 1623:on 27 September 2013 1507:. Sport.scotsman.com 658:1991 Rugby World Cup 126:traditional football 4156:Oldest competitions 4090:Physical disability 4041:Olympic venues (7s) 3939:American flag rugby 3873:Oldest competitions 2813:on 7 November 2012. 2785:The Daily Telegraph 2492:. 31 December 2009. 2080:The Daily Telegraph 2061:. 22 February 2004. 1770:The Daily Telegraph 1577:. 29 November 2009. 1534:The Daily Telegraph 1318:on 23 February 2013 953:Willie John McBride 4210:Football positions 3484:Independent Online 3468:. 7 November 2008. 3070:on 29 October 2013 3012:. 8 November 2003. 2605:on 27 October 2012 2325:on 27 October 2011 2106:. 31 December 2002 2016:on 3 December 2013 1905:. 5 December 1997. 1070: 1013: 885: 794: 780:blindside flanker 717: 630: 606:Thomas Lawton, Snr 519: 420:played centre for 391: 296: 189: 149:Names of positions 134: 81: 38: 4192: 4191: 4134: 4133: 4121:Canadian football 4116:American football 4049: 4048: 4020:Canadian football 4015:American football 3918:Playing countries 3772:978-1-907506-09-3 3749:978-0-415-47660-7 3724:. Human Kinetics. 3713:Rugby For Dummies 3486:. 19 August 2009. 3448:Mail and Guardian 3416:Baldock, Andrew. 3161:on 5 October 2011 2853:. Laureus Academy 2477:, 7 November 1999 2059:Irish Independent 1903:Irish Independent 1575:Irish Independent 1490:Irish Independent 1380:on 8 October 2013 1151:back-row position 1125:can usually play 842:Jean-Pierre Rives 537:". South African 16:(Redirected from 4217: 4182: 4181: 4172: 4171: 4139:Related articles 4060: 3858: 3838: 3831: 3824: 3815: 3783: 3782:on 3 March 2011. 3781: 3775:. 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December 2009 2750: 2749: 2745: 2731: 2730: 2726: 2719:The Independent 2713: 2712: 2708: 2694: 2693: 2689: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2637: 2633: 2625: 2618: 2608: 2606: 2597: 2596: 2589: 2579: 2577: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2553: 2552: 2548: 2538: 2536: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2515: 2502: 2501: 2497: 2487: 2486: 2482: 2469: 2468: 2464: 2450: 2449: 2445: 2438:The Independent 2431: 2430: 2426: 2418: 2414: 2394: 2393: 2389: 2379: 2377: 2376:on 10 June 2012 2368: 2367: 2363: 2353: 2351: 2343: 2342: 2338: 2328: 2326: 2317: 2316: 2291: 2281: 2279: 2275: 2268: 2264: 2263: 2259: 2252:The Independent 2246: 2245: 2241: 2231: 2229: 2226:The Independent 2220: 2219: 2215: 2205: 2203: 2200:The Independent 2193: 2192: 2188: 2174: 2173: 2169: 2161: 2157: 2143: 2142: 2138: 2124: 2123: 2119: 2109: 2107: 2096: 2095: 2091: 2071: 2070: 2066: 2053: 2052: 2048: 2041:The Independent 2034: 2033: 2029: 2019: 2017: 2008: 2007: 1988: 1978: 1976: 1967: 1966: 1957: 1943: 1942: 1938: 1928: 1926: 1915: 1914: 1910: 1897: 1896: 1892: 1882: 1880: 1870: 1869: 1865: 1857: 1850: 1842: 1838: 1830: 1799: 1792:The Irish Times 1786: 1785: 1781: 1761: 1760: 1756: 1742: 1741: 1737: 1727: 1725: 1720: 1719: 1715: 1705: 1703: 1698: 1697: 1693: 1683: 1681: 1680:. 24 March 2010 1670: 1669: 1662: 1652: 1650: 1641: 1640: 1636: 1626: 1624: 1615: 1614: 1610: 1600: 1598: 1587: 1586: 1582: 1569: 1568: 1564: 1557:The Independent 1550: 1549: 1545: 1525: 1524: 1520: 1510: 1508: 1503:Massie, Allan. 1502: 1501: 1497: 1483: 1482: 1478: 1465: 1464: 1460: 1450: 1448: 1440: 1439: 1435: 1427: 1423: 1418:on 31 May 2011. 1410: 1409: 1405: 1397: 1393: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1370: 1366: 1365: 1361: 1351: 1349: 1336: 1335: 1331: 1321: 1319: 1303: 1302: 1298: 1293: 1265: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1239: 1118: 1116:Utility players 1106:Wilson Whineray 1062: 1002: 997: 874: 850:Fergus Slattery 814:Ian Kirkpatrick 771: 765: 709: 702: 694: 689: 654:Nick Farr-Jones 614: 507: 502: 440:. As a player, 379: 288: 283: 177: 172: 151: 114: 73: 40:In the game of 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4223: 4221: 4213: 4212: 4207: 4197: 4196: 4190: 4189: 4187: 4186: 4176: 4165: 4162: 4161: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4146:Burnside rules 4142: 4140: 4136: 4135: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4118: 4112: 4110: 4106: 4105: 4103: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4066: 4064: 4057: 4051: 4050: 4047: 4046: 4044: 4043: 4037: 4035: 4034:Related topics 4031: 4030: 4028: 4027: 4022: 4017: 4011: 4009: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3935: 3933: 3929: 3928: 3926: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3878:Dangerous play 3875: 3870: 3864: 3862: 3855: 3849: 3848: 3845:Rugby football 3843: 3841: 3840: 3833: 3826: 3818: 3812: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3789: 3788:External links 3786: 3785: 3784: 3771: 3754: 3748: 3735: 3726: 3717: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3699: 3687: 3674:"Rugby Sevens" 3665: 3663:, p. 174. 3653: 3651:, p. 169. 3641: 3623:SFMS Limited. 3615: 3589: 3564: 3539: 3514: 3489: 3471: 3453: 3434: 3408: 3389: 3361: 3337: 3335:, p. 107. 3322: 3311:. SFMS Limited 3296: 3274: 3259: 3257:, p. 112. 3247: 3225: 3223:, p. 118. 3213: 3211:, p. 135. 3201: 3199:, p. 117. 3186: 3146: 3134: 3119: 3102: 3081: 3040: 3015: 2997: 2979: 2960: 2941: 2922: 2910: 2889: 2864: 2842: 2816: 2794: 2769: 2743: 2724: 2706: 2687: 2668: 2643: 2641:, p. 148. 2631: 2629:, p. 149. 2616: 2587: 2576:on 29 May 2012 2561: 2546: 2520: 2513: 2495: 2480: 2462: 2443: 2424: 2412: 2387: 2361: 2336: 2289: 2278:on 16 May 2011 2257: 2239: 2213: 2186: 2167: 2165:, p. 163. 2155: 2136: 2117: 2089: 2064: 2046: 2027: 1986: 1955: 1936: 1908: 1890: 1863: 1861:, p. 170. 1848: 1846:, p. 168. 1836: 1797: 1779: 1754: 1735: 1713: 1691: 1660: 1634: 1608: 1580: 1562: 1543: 1518: 1495: 1476: 1458: 1433: 1431:, p. 144. 1421: 1403: 1401:, p. 138. 1391: 1359: 1342:Lions-tour.com 1329: 1295: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1288: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1271: 1270: 1254: 1251: 1238: 1235: 1231:Waisale Serevi 1171:Courtney Lawes 1117: 1114: 1061: 1058: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 933:Martin Johnson 873: 870: 767:Main article: 764: 761: 701: 698: 693: 690: 688: 685: 673:Agustín Pichot 650:Gareth Edwards 622:Agustín Pichot 613: 610: 594:Kennedy Tsimba 563:Michael Lynagh 506: 503: 501: 498: 482:Richard Tsimba 480:international 454:Philippe Sella 387:François Steyn 378: 375: 342:André Boniface 324:Jason Robinson 287: 284: 282: 281:Three-quarters 279: 246:Gavin Hastings 176: 173: 171: 168: 150: 147: 132:, France, 1867 130:Lower Normandy 113: 110: 72: 69: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4222: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4202: 4200: 4185: 4177: 4175: 4167: 4166: 4163: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4143: 4141: 4137: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4113: 4111: 4107: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4095:Playing field 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4067: 4065: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4052: 4042: 4039: 4038: 4036: 4032: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4010: 4006: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3930: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3839: 3834: 3832: 3827: 3825: 3820: 3819: 3816: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3791: 3787: 3778: 3774: 3768: 3761: 3760: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3742:. Routledge. 3741: 3736: 3732: 3727: 3723: 3718: 3714: 3709: 3708: 3704: 3696: 3691: 3688: 3675: 3669: 3666: 3662: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3645: 3642: 3630: 3626: 3619: 3616: 3603: 3599: 3593: 3590: 3578: 3574: 3568: 3565: 3553: 3549: 3543: 3540: 3528: 3524: 3518: 3515: 3503: 3499: 3493: 3490: 3485: 3481: 3475: 3472: 3467: 3463: 3457: 3454: 3449: 3445: 3438: 3435: 3423: 3422:Sporting Life 3419: 3412: 3409: 3404: 3400: 3393: 3390: 3385: 3381: 3380:The Telegraph 3376: 3368: 3366: 3362: 3357: 3356: 3351: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3329: 3327: 3323: 3310: 3306: 3300: 3297: 3292: 3288: 3281: 3279: 3275: 3272:, p. 56. 3271: 3266: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3251: 3248: 3235: 3229: 3226: 3222: 3217: 3214: 3210: 3205: 3202: 3198: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3182: 3176: 3160: 3156: 3150: 3147: 3144:, p. 58. 3143: 3138: 3135: 3132:, p. 59. 3131: 3126: 3124: 3120: 3117:, p. 60. 3116: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3103: 3100:, p. 61. 3099: 3094: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3082: 3066: 3062: 3055: 3049: 3047: 3045: 3041: 3029: 3025: 3019: 3016: 3011: 3007: 3001: 2998: 2993: 2989: 2983: 2980: 2975: 2971: 2964: 2961: 2956: 2952: 2945: 2942: 2937: 2933: 2926: 2923: 2920:, p. 63. 2919: 2914: 2911: 2908:, p. 62. 2907: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2890: 2878: 2874: 2868: 2865: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2830: 2826: 2820: 2817: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2798: 2795: 2790: 2786: 2781: 2773: 2770: 2757: 2753: 2747: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2728: 2725: 2720: 2716: 2710: 2707: 2702: 2698: 2691: 2688: 2683: 2679: 2672: 2669: 2664: 2660: 2659:The Telegraph 2655: 2647: 2644: 2640: 2635: 2632: 2628: 2623: 2621: 2617: 2604: 2600: 2594: 2592: 2588: 2575: 2571: 2565: 2562: 2557: 2550: 2547: 2534: 2530: 2524: 2521: 2516: 2514:0-7083-0766-3 2510: 2506: 2499: 2496: 2491: 2490:The Telegraph 2484: 2481: 2476: 2472: 2466: 2463: 2458: 2454: 2447: 2444: 2439: 2435: 2428: 2425: 2422:, p. 66. 2421: 2416: 2413: 2408: 2404: 2403:The Telegraph 2399: 2391: 2388: 2375: 2371: 2365: 2362: 2350: 2346: 2340: 2337: 2324: 2320: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2308: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2296: 2294: 2290: 2274: 2267: 2261: 2258: 2253: 2249: 2243: 2240: 2227: 2223: 2217: 2214: 2201: 2197: 2190: 2187: 2182: 2178: 2171: 2168: 2164: 2159: 2156: 2151: 2147: 2140: 2137: 2132: 2128: 2121: 2118: 2105: 2104: 2099: 2093: 2090: 2085: 2081: 2076: 2068: 2065: 2060: 2056: 2050: 2047: 2042: 2038: 2031: 2028: 2015: 2011: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1991: 1987: 1975:on 5 May 2011 1974: 1970: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1956: 1951: 1947: 1940: 1937: 1925: 1924: 1919: 1912: 1909: 1904: 1900: 1894: 1891: 1878: 1874: 1867: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1840: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1793: 1789: 1783: 1780: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1758: 1755: 1750: 1746: 1739: 1736: 1723: 1717: 1714: 1701: 1695: 1692: 1679: 1678: 1673: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1649: 1648:Baltimore Sun 1645: 1638: 1635: 1622: 1618: 1612: 1609: 1597: 1596: 1591: 1584: 1581: 1576: 1572: 1566: 1563: 1558: 1554: 1547: 1544: 1539: 1535: 1530: 1522: 1519: 1506: 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Retrieved 3668: 3656: 3644: 3632:. Retrieved 3628: 3618: 3606:. Retrieved 3602:the original 3592: 3580:. Retrieved 3576: 3567: 3555:. Retrieved 3551: 3542: 3530:. Retrieved 3526: 3517: 3505:. Retrieved 3501: 3492: 3483: 3474: 3465: 3456: 3447: 3437: 3425:. Retrieved 3421: 3411: 3403:Times Online 3402: 3392: 3379: 3353: 3313:. Retrieved 3308: 3299: 3290: 3250: 3238:. Retrieved 3228: 3216: 3204: 3163:. Retrieved 3159:the original 3149: 3137: 3072:. Retrieved 3065:the original 3060: 3031:. Retrieved 3027: 3018: 3009: 3000: 2991: 2982: 2973: 2963: 2955:Times Online 2954: 2944: 2936:Courier Mail 2935: 2925: 2913: 2880:. Retrieved 2876: 2867: 2855:. Retrieved 2845: 2833:. Retrieved 2829:the original 2819: 2811:the original 2807:Toronto Star 2806: 2797: 2784: 2772: 2760:. Retrieved 2755: 2746: 2738:Wales Online 2737: 2727: 2718: 2709: 2701:The Guardian 2700: 2690: 2681: 2671: 2658: 2646: 2634: 2607:. Retrieved 2603:the original 2578:. Retrieved 2574:the original 2564: 2555: 2549: 2537:. 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He is the 396: 392: 369: 358: 336: 301: 297: 271:George Nēpia 226:Serge Blanco 223: 215:JPR Williams 203: 199: 190: 164: 152: 143: 139: 135: 94: 82: 65: 61: 53: 46: 39: 29: 4126:Rugby union 4109:Comparisons 4008:Comparisons 3954:Samoa rules 3888:Eye-gouging 3853:Rugby union 3680:4 September 1227:Matt Giteau 1219:Mike Gibson 1143:Kieran Read 1110:New Zealand 1025:New Zealand 985:Lucien Mias 969:New Zealand 965:Colin Meads 949:New Zealand 822:New Zealand 790:Shaun Perry 778:New Zealand 749:New Zealand 586:Gareth Rees 426:Mike Gibson 361:Demi Sakata 332:Sale Sharks 320:John Kirwan 316:Ieuan Evans 275:New Zealand 258:Tom Kiernan 250:Andy Irvine 160:New Zealand 156:World Rugby 42:rugby union 4199:Categories 4100:Wheelchair 3989:Wheelchair 3932:Variations 3629:ESPN Scrum 3608:4 December 3382:. London. 3315:24 October 3309:ESPN Scrum 3074:2 December 3033:24 October 3028:ESPN Scrum 2882:26 October 2877:ESPN Scrum 2787:. London. 2661:. London. 2609:25 October 2533:Sky Sports 2405:. London. 2354:24 October 2349:ESPN Scrum 2329:26 October 2282:28 October 2082:. London. 2020:1 December 1772:. London. 1536:. London. 1471:google.com 1291:References 1207:scrum-half 1167:Ryan Baird 1159:Maro Itoje 1094:Syd Millar 1029:Keith Wood 925:John Eales 669:David Kirk 612:Scrum-half 602:Currie Cup 571:Hugo Porta 551:Barry John 539:Naas Botha 515:Dan Carter 500:Half-backs 434:World Cups 371:Jonah Lomu 350:Brian Lima 267:Don Clarke 185:Pat McCabe 4075:Geography 3923:Positions 3883:Equipment 3582:3 October 3577:Scrum.com 3552:Scrum.com 3527:Scrum.com 3502:Scrum.com 3405:. London. 3293:. London. 3165:4 October 3010:BBC Sport 2957:. London. 2703:. London. 2682:IOL Sport 2457:IOL Sport 2440:. London. 2232:9 January 2206:9 January 2043:. London. 1952:. London. 1950:The Times 1751:. London. 1749:The Times 1559:. London. 1223:Tim Horan 1211:full-back 1183:John Smit 1041:John Smit 995:Front row 981:Argentina 929:Australia 834:Jean Prat 677:Argentina 575:Argentina 559:Jack Kyle 547:Grant Fox 543:Mark Ella 513:Fly-half 430:Tim Horan 194:high ball 175:Full-back 122:scrummage 56:line-outs 4174:Category 4070:Gameplay 3898:Glossary 3893:Gameplay 3634:23 March 3532:4 August 3507:4 August 3466:Sport 24 3427:3 August 3384:Archived 3240:7 August 3175:cite web 2992:ABC News 2789:Archived 2663:Archived 2407:Archived 2202:. 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