51:
549:
1839:
540:, but soon after was forced to flee to Saxony, when the Mainz citizens revolted. This presented a problem, since the Saxon duchy was cut off from his Swabian homelands by the king's Salian territory. Moreover, the pope avoided taking sides and adopted a waiting attitude. Rudolf was accused of greed, treason and usurpation by Henry's liensmen, while his own support crumbled.
589:
on 7 August 1078 proved indecisive: though the opposition forces under Otto of
Nordheim were victorious, the troops of Berthold and Welf were stuck in a peasants' revolt. Rudolf found it difficult to convince the Saxons to fight beyond their borders; they viewed him as a southerner and distrusted
590:
him. He was also frustrated by the apparent reluctance of the pope to recognize his cause. In order to gain and maintain supporters, he was forced to grant large parts of the crown lands, as well as those of the church, to his followers. Nevertheless, things seemed to be improving in 1080. The
609:, where he died the next day and was buried. The majority of the support for the rebellion against Henry IV soon evaporated, but the struggle continued on in effect into 1085, with a final flare up in 1088 under Rudolph's successor, the second anti-king,
376:
against the insurgents. However, after the joint victory, Rudolf became estranged to the king and rumours occurred that he was involved in adversarial conspiracies. Empress Agnes repeatedly had to arbitrate between the parties.
605:. The battle, which took place on 14 October 1080, would have been a huge victory for the anti-royalists. However, Rudolf lost his right hand in the battle and was mortally wounded in the abdomen. He withdrew to nearby
1904:
432:. By doing penance, Henry managed to achieve absolution, buying time at the price of his reputation and secular authority. The rebels continued with their plans. Rudolf was elected
404:, had to face a massive loss of support among the German nobles and realized that he had to achieve the lifting of his ban. Pope Gregory agreed to meet with the princes at
1563:
1822:
990:
815:
675:
1874:
262:
1899:
1556:
318:
118:
326:
122:
1746:
1713:
1353:
1333:
1313:
983:
884:
1894:
1741:
1549:
1358:
1348:
1318:
1205:
537:
345:
1378:
1328:
1170:
754:
Creber, Alison (22 April 2019). "Breaking Up Is Hard To Do: Dissolving Royal and Noble
Marriages in Eleventh-Century Germany".
1800:
1436:
1398:
1393:
1373:
1274:
360:. When Henry came of age in 1065, he continued the policies of his father against the reluctant Saxon nobility, sparking the
353:
306:
1703:
1451:
361:
200:
1525:
1388:
1383:
1363:
1338:
1323:
1303:
1259:
1136:
1131:
716:
396:
in order to decide on a course of action and to arrange a new election. Henry, observing the proceedings from his camp in
246:
594:(27 January 1080) went well in his favor. On 7 March, the pope excommunicated Henry again and recognized Rudolf as king.
1691:
1686:
1626:
1368:
1343:
1264:
1190:
1141:
1126:
1121:
976:
373:
192:
1909:
1631:
1200:
1165:
1116:
629:
575:
585:
The next year Henry waged a successful campaign to
Bavaria, while Pope Gregory rejected to excommunicate Rudolf. The
1586:
1492:
1408:
1291:
1280:
960:
655:
647:
557:
490:
153:
1520:
1501:
1482:
1249:
270:
258:
1884:
1606:
1460:
1286:
943:
513:
294:
254:
215:. After a series of armed conflicts, Rudolf succumbed to his injuries after his forces defeated Henry's in the
50:
301:, consort of late Henry III, appointed Rudolf Swabian duke and administrator of Burgundy. Rivalling with the
1676:
1572:
1081:
999:
822:
634:
586:
509:
381:
365:
204:
140:
849:
Europäische
Stammtafeln. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten. Neue Folge Band XII, Schwaben
1889:
1441:
1210:
638:
498:
330:
310:
274:
1864:
1761:
1227:
1175:
643:
579:
145:
302:
860:
T. Struve, 'Das Bild des Gegenkönigs Rudolf von
Schwaben in der zeitgenössischen Historiographie,’ in
1869:
1756:
1596:
1473:
1427:
1308:
1238:
1215:
1185:
707:
625:
610:
591:
478:
349:
238:
216:
135:
1879:
1718:
1254:
1244:
1232:
1070:
1041:
1026:
1012:
486:
482:
451:
107:
96:
72:
321:. Rudolf demanded, and received, Matilda's hand in marriage (1059). In 1061 Berthold received the
1843:
1664:
1636:
1621:
1269:
1160:
1097:
1061:
503:
429:
322:
314:
208:
548:
454:
had been crowned. The first anti-king in the history of the Empire, he promised to respect the
1793:
1773:
1751:
1591:
1102:
1031:
880:
771:
517:
494:
463:
1708:
1697:
1611:
1297:
1195:
1075:
1021:
763:
602:
525:
521:
389:
357:
334:
282:
278:
1725:
1681:
1641:
1616:
1154:
1046:
1036:
529:
447:
425:
385:
338:
298:
228:
1767:
1670:
1180:
1111:
1087:
950:
242:
188:
184:
92:
42:
853:
E. Hlawitschka, 'Zur
Herkunft und zu den Seitenverwandten des Gegenkönigs Rudolf,’ in
621:
With his second wife, Adelaide, Rudolf had at least four (and perhaps five) children:
1858:
1511:
364:
in 1073. While other princes like the
Carinthian duke Berthold of Zähringen or Duke
348:
could further strengthen their position against the
Imperial authority. In the 1062
1788:
1056:
1007:
864:, ed. K. Herbers, H. H. Kortüm, C. Servatius (Sigmaringen, 1991), pp. 459–475.
598:
471:
392:
in
February 1076, Duke Rudolf met with Berthold, Welf and several other princes in
428:, where Gregory, fearing an armed attack by Henry's forces, had found refuge with
416:
Already in
January, Henry hastened to see the pope on his way to the Empire from
1778:
1221:
722:
561:
455:
438:
17:
1838:
862:
Ex ipsis rerum documentis. Festschrift fĂĽr Harald Zimmermann zum 65. Geburtstag
341:
married Henry IV in 1066, Rudolf became brother-in-law to the king twice over.
1530:
250:
909:
in W. Schwenenbecher, ed., MGH Libelli, 2 (Hannover, 1892), pp. 184–284.
775:
1601:
767:
606:
459:
443:
433:
397:
369:
196:
903:, ed., W. Eberhard, MGH Script. rer. Germ. 58 (Hannover and Leipzig, 1899).
1541:
325:
instead. When Matilda died in 1060, Rudolf subsequently, in 1066, married
1417:
405:
560:
and attempted to rectify his situation by stalking Henry's forces near
968:
313:, had taken advantage of the minority of Agnes' son Henry IV, elected
27:
Elected anti-king in 1077 in opposition to the Salian emperor Henry IV
1805:
566:
467:
424:
passes closed, nevertheless the king through wintry weather made his
393:
266:
857:, ed. S. Weinfurter with H. Kluger (Sigmaringen, 1991), pp. 175-220.
564:, but to little effect. Meanwhile, he was deprived of Swabia by the
855:
Die Salier und das Reich, vol. 1: Salier, Adel und Reichsverfassung
187:
from 1057 to 1079. Initially a follower of his brother-in-law, the
547:
533:
401:
879:(in German). Darmstadt: Wiss. Buchgesellschaft. pp. 35–277.
1783:
421:
417:
233:
212:
1545:
972:
571:
356:
even abducted the minor king to enforce the surrender of the
368:
distanced themselves, Rudolf supported Henry's campaigns in
712:
Scriptores (in Folio) 6: Chronica et annales aevi Salici.
877:
Bertholds und Bernolds Chroniken. Lateinisch und deutsch
466:. Further claims raised by the princes were rejected as
241:. He was first mentioned in a 1048 deed issued by the
842:
Kaiserin Agnes (1043-1077). Quellenkritische Studien
1814:
1734:
1655:
1579:
1510:
1491:
1472:
1450:
1426:
1407:
1096:
1055:
1006:
163:
128:
114:
102:
79:
60:
34:
658:(the identity of Berthold's mother is disputed)
597:Emboldened, Rudolf's forces met Henry's at the
536:, where on 25 May he was crowned by Archbishop
1905:11th-century people from the Holy Roman Empire
1823:Libellus de imperatoria potestate in urbe Roma
532:may also have taken part. Rudolf proceeded to
261:. Rudolf's family had large possessions up to
1557:
984:
8:
806:(Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 167n.
477:The men who elected Rudolf were Archbishops
203:and the first phase of open conflict in the
1564:
1550:
1542:
991:
977:
969:
912:
372:, when he was a primary force in the 1075
49:
31:
297:died without male heirs in 1057, Empress
249:as a count in the Swabian Sisgau on the
668:
574:in May, and the king gave the duchy to
263:Sankt Blasien Abbey in the Black Forest
907:Liber de unitate ecclesiae conservanda
55:Bronze graveslab, Merseburg Cathedral
7:
420:. Duke Rudolf attempted to have the
352:, several princes led by Archbishop
1747:Church and state in medieval Europe
199:in 1077 marked the outbreak of the
273:. He probably was related to King
25:
1714:Norman conquest of southern Italy
897:, MGH Diplomata 5 (Berlin, 1931).
1875:11th-century Kings of the Romans
1837:
646:, Countess of KellmĂĽnz, married
462:, as well as the concept of the
346:Princes of the Holy Roman Empire
893:H. Bresslau and P. Kehr, eds.,
680:, no. 219 (1 June 1048), p. 292
524:, former duke of Bavaria. Duke
329:(d. 1079), a daughter of Count
1801:Separation of church and state
804:Henry IV of Germany, 1056–1106
704:Ekkehardi Uraugiensis chronica
556:Rudolf gave Swabia to his son
257:), an estate then held by the
1:
923:
901:Vita Heinrici IV. imperatoris
875:Robinson, Ian Stuart (2002).
817:Vita Heinrici IV. imperatoris
717:Monumenta Germaniae Historica
384:broke out and King Henry was
177:
64:
1900:11th-century dukes in Europe
1692:First Council of the Lateran
1627:Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
1687:First Battle of Langensalza
1632:Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
344:During Agnes' regency, the
317:, by kidnapping his sister
269:beyond the border with the
1926:
1587:Atto (archbishop of Milan)
1493:North German Confederation
1409:Confederation of the Rhine
895:Die Urkunden Heinrichs III
824:Liber de unitate ecclesiae
678:Die Urkunden Heinrichs III
648:Ulrich X, Count of Bregenz
552:Royal seal of Rudolf, 1079
491:Burchard II of Halberstadt
227:Rudolf was the son of the
1832:
1704:Saxon revolt of 1077–1088
957:
948:
940:
915:
400:on the other side of the
337:. When Adelaide's sister
259:Prince-Bishopric of Basel
195:, his election as German
48:
41:
1607:Gotofredo da Castiglione
1461:Archduke John of Austria
714:Hanover, 1844, pp. 198 (
630:Berthold II of Zähringen
520:and Rudolf himself; and
514:Berthold II of Carinthia
436:on 15 March 1077 at the
255:Northwestern Switzerland
1895:Investiture Controversy
1677:Donation of Constantine
1573:Investiture Controversy
750:Europäische Stammtafeln
737:Europäische Stammtafeln
656:Berthold of Rheinfelden
635:Adelaide of Rheinfelden
587:Battle of Mellrichstadt
382:Investiture Controversy
309:, Rudolf, according to
205:Investiture Controversy
183:– 15 October 1080) was
154:Berthold of Rheinfelden
141:Adelaide of Rheinfelden
1844:Catholicism portal
917:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
639:Ladislaus I of Hungary
553:
311:Frutolf of Michelsberg
275:Rudolph II of Burgundy
1762:Divine right of kings
1647:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
768:10.1093/gerhis/ghy108
644:Bertha of Rheinfelden
551:
374:Battle of Langensalza
174:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
146:Bertha of Rheinfelden
36:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
1757:College of Cardinals
1597:Antipope Clement III
1474:German Confederation
1428:German Confederation
840:M. Black-Veldtrupp,
708:Georg Heinrich Pertz
626:Agnes of Rheinfelden
611:Herman of Luxembourg
592:battle of Flarchheim
510:Adalbero of WĂĽrzburg
499:Adalbert II of Worms
479:Siegfried I of Mainz
458:solely according to
350:Coup of Kaiserswerth
217:Battle on the Elster
136:Agnes of Rheinfelden
1013:Carolingian dynasty
1000:Monarchs of Germany
710:et al. (ed.):
676:Bresslau and Kehr,
487:Gebhard of Salzburg
483:Werner of Magdeburg
452:Conrad I of Germany
271:Kingdom of Burgundy
167:Kuno of Rheinfelden
108:Merseburg Cathedral
97:Saxon Eastern March
73:Rheinfelden (Baden)
1910:Great Saxon Revolt
1665:Concordat of Worms
1637:Matilda of Tuscany
1622:Henry I of England
1098:Kingdom of Germany
1062:Kingdom of Germany
576:Frederick of Stauf
554:
430:Matilda of Tuscany
408:in February 1077.
354:Anno II of Cologne
323:Duchy of Carinthia
315:King of the Romans
295:Otto III of Swabia
201:Great Saxon Revolt
1852:
1851:
1794:Donation of Pepin
1774:Holy Roman Empire
1752:Clerical celibacy
1592:Pope Callixtus II
1539:
1538:
1465:
1464:(Imperial Regent)
1103:Holy Roman Empire
1032:Louis the Younger
967:
966:
958:Succeeded by
802:Ian S. Robinson,
789:Black-Veldtrupp,
690:Black-Veldtrupp,
652:Otto (died young)
518:Welf I of Bavaria
495:Altmann of Passau
470:by the attendant
464:elective monarchy
380:Finally when the
327:Adelaide of Savoy
319:Matilda of Swabia
279:Dukes of Lorraine
171:
170:
123:Adelaide of Savoy
119:Matilda of Swabia
16:(Redirected from
1917:
1842:
1841:
1709:Gregorian Reform
1698:In nomine Domini
1612:Pope Gregory VII
1566:
1559:
1552:
1543:
1463:
1022:Louis the German
993:
986:
979:
970:
955:1057–1079
941:Preceded by
936:
929:
928:
925:
913:
890:
847:D. Schwennicke,
844:(Cologne, 1995).
828:
813:
807:
800:
794:
787:
781:
779:
746:
740:
733:
727:
725:
701:
695:
688:
682:
673:
603:Battle of Elster
526:Magnus of Saxony
522:Otto of Northeim
507:
446:, where already
390:Pope Gregory VII
358:Imperial Regalia
335:Adelaide of Susa
283:Ottonian dynasty
265:and down to the
253:(in present-day
182:
179:
110:
89:
87:
75:
69:
66:
53:
32:
21:
18:Rudolf of Swabia
1925:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1885:Dukes of Swabia
1855:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1836:
1828:
1810:
1730:
1726:Walk to Canossa
1682:Excommunication
1657:
1651:
1642:Pope Paschal II
1617:Guido da Velate
1575:
1570:
1540:
1535:
1506:
1487:
1468:
1446:
1422:
1403:
1270:Frederick (III)
1101:
1092:
1060:
1051:
1047:Louis the Child
1037:Charles the Fat
1011:
1002:
997:
963:
954:
946:
935:15 October 1080
930:
926:
919:
918:
887:
874:
871:
837:
832:
831:
814:
810:
801:
797:
788:
784:
753:
747:
743:
734:
730:
723:198 digitalised
721:
702:
698:
689:
685:
674:
670:
665:
637:, married King
619:
546:
530:Udo II of Stade
501:
448:Louis the Child
426:Walk to Canossa
414:
366:Welf of Bavaria
362:Saxon Rebellion
339:Bertha of Savoy
291:
225:
180:
159:
121:
106:
91:
90:15 October 1080
85:
83:
71:
70:
67:
56:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1923:
1921:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
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1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
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1856:
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1849:
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1846:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1768:Dominium mundi
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1671:Dictatus papae
1667:
1661:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
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1561:
1554:
1546:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1508:
1507:
1505:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1483:Franz Joseph I
1479:
1477:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1457:
1455:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1433:
1431:
1424:
1423:
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1420:
1414:
1412:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
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1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
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1346:
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1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
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1301:
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1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
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1252:
1247:
1242:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1171:Lothair II/III
1168:
1163:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1106:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1078:
1073:
1067:
1065:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1004:
1003:
998:
996:
995:
988:
981:
973:
965:
964:
959:
956:
951:Duke of Swabia
947:
942:
938:
937:
916:
911:
910:
904:
898:
891:
885:
870:
867:
866:
865:
858:
851:
845:
836:
833:
830:
829:
819:, ch. 4, p. 17
808:
795:
791:Kaiserin Agnes
782:
762:(2): 149–171.
756:German History
741:
728:
696:
692:Kaiserin Agnes
683:
667:
666:
664:
661:
660:
659:
653:
650:
641:
632:
618:
615:
545:
542:
413:
410:
386:excommunicated
290:
289:Duke of Swabia
287:
277:(d. 937), the
224:
221:
185:Duke of Swabia
169:
168:
165:
161:
160:
158:
157:
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148:
143:
138:
132:
130:
126:
125:
116:
112:
111:
104:
100:
99:
81:
77:
76:
62:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
43:Duke of Swabia
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1922:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:House of Welf
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
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1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1666:
1663:
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1660:
1654:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1526:Frederick III
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1512:German Empire
1509:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1452:German Empire
1449:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1354:Ferdinand III
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1334:Maximilian II
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1314:Frederick III
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1001:
994:
989:
987:
982:
980:
975:
974:
971:
962:
953:
952:
945:
939:
934:
922:
914:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
892:
888:
886:3-534-01428-6
882:
878:
873:
872:
868:
863:
859:
856:
852:
850:
846:
843:
839:
838:
834:
827:
825:
820:
818:
812:
809:
805:
799:
796:
792:
786:
783:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
752:, table 95A;
751:
748:Schwennicke,
745:
742:
738:
735:Schwennicke,
732:
729:
724:
719:
718:
713:
709:
705:
700:
697:
693:
687:
684:
681:
679:
672:
669:
662:
657:
654:
651:
649:
645:
642:
640:
636:
633:
631:
627:
624:
623:
622:
616:
614:
612:
608:
604:
601:river in the
600:
595:
593:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
568:
563:
559:
550:
543:
541:
539:
535:
531:
528:and Margrave
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
505:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
475:
473:
472:papal legates
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
440:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
411:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
378:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
336:
332:
331:Otto of Savoy
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
288:
286:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
235:
230:
222:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
175:
166:
162:
155:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
133:
131:
127:
124:
120:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
98:
94:
82:
78:
74:
63:
59:
52:
47:
44:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1865:1020s births
1821:
1789:Papal States
1766:
1719:Sack of Rome
1696:
1669:
1646:
1359:Ferdinand IV
1349:Ferdinand II
1319:Maximilian I
1296:
1279:
1237:
1222:Henry (VIII)
1220:
1206:Frederick II
1161:Conrad (III)
1153:
1147:
1146:
1080:
1057:East Francia
1008:East Francia
949:
932:
920:
906:
900:
894:
876:
861:
854:
848:
841:
823:
816:
811:
803:
798:
790:
785:
759:
755:
749:
744:
736:
731:
715:
711:
703:
699:
691:
686:
677:
671:
620:
599:White Elster
596:
584:
580:Hohenstaufen
578:, the first
565:
555:
476:
437:
415:
379:
343:
292:
232:
226:
173:
172:
29:
1870:1080 deaths
1779:Investiture
1514:(1871–1918)
1495:(1867–1871)
1476:(1850–1866)
1454:(1848/1849)
1442:Ferdinand I
1430:(1815–1848)
1411:(1806–1813)
1379:Charles VII
1329:Ferdinand I
1211:Henry (VII)
1186:Frederick I
927: 1025
739:, table 12.
538:Siegfried I
502: [
456:investiture
439:Kaiserpfalz
239:Rheinfelden
181: 1025
93:Hohenmölsen
68: 1025
1880:Anti-kings
1859:Categories
1658:and events
1531:William II
1418:Napoleon I
1399:Francis II
1394:Leopold II
1374:Charles VI
1287:Wenceslaus
1275:Charles IV
1181:Henry (VI)
1176:Conrad III
1105:(962–1806)
1100:within the
1010:during the
961:Berthold I
835:References
628:, married
544:Later life
489:; Bishops
293:When Duke
251:High Rhine
237:) Kuno of
156:(disputed)
86:1080-10-15
1742:Canon law
1656:Documents
1602:Erlembald
1521:William I
1502:William I
1437:Francis I
1389:Joseph II
1384:Francis I
1364:Leopold I
1339:Rudolf II
1324:Charles V
1309:Albert II
1304:Sigismund
1260:Henry VII
1216:Conrad IV
1137:Henry III
1132:Conrad II
1064:(919–962)
1059:(911–919)
1015:(843–911)
793:, p. 304.
776:0266-3554
694:, p. 109.
607:Merseburg
460:canon law
444:Forchheim
434:anti-king
412:Anti-king
398:Oppenheim
370:Thuringia
303:Zähringen
247:Henry III
197:anti-king
115:Spouse(s)
1815:See also
1735:Concepts
1369:Joseph I
1344:Matthias
1265:Louis IV
1255:Albert I
1245:Rudolf I
1191:Henry VI
1142:Henry IV
1127:Henry II
1122:Otto III
1071:Conrad I
1027:Carloman
944:Otto III
570:diet at
562:WĂĽrzburg
558:Berthold
512:; Dukes
406:Augsburg
307:Berthold
281:and the
245:emperor
207:between
193:Henry IV
191:emperor
1281:GĂĽnther
1239:Alfonso
1233:Richard
1228:William
1201:Otto IV
1166:Henry V
1155:Hermann
1117:Otto II
1076:Henry I
869:Sources
826:, I 13.
582:ruler.
231:count (
229:Swabian
209:Emperor
1806:Simony
1784:Papacy
1580:People
1292:Rupert
1196:Philip
1148:Rudolf
1112:Otto I
1088:Otto I
1082:Arnulf
1042:Arnulf
931:
883:
774:
706:. In:
567:Hoftag
468:simony
422:Alpine
394:Trebur
305:count
267:Aargau
243:Salian
213:Papacy
189:Salian
164:Father
103:Buried
1298:Jobst
1250:Adolf
933:Died:
921:Born:
663:Notes
617:Issue
534:Mainz
506:]
402:Rhine
299:Agnes
129:Issue
881:ISBN
772:ISSN
508:and
485:and
450:and
418:Rome
333:and
234:Graf
223:Life
211:and
150:Otto
80:Died
61:Born
764:doi
572:Ulm
442:in
388:by
1861::
924:c.
821:;
770:.
760:37
758:.
726:)
720:,
613:.
516:,
504:de
497:,
493:,
481:,
474:.
285:.
219:.
178:c.
95:,
65:c.
1565:e
1558:t
1551:v
992:e
985:t
978:v
889:.
780:.
778:.
766::
176:(
88:)
84:(
20:)
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