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addition to show that the Soviet
Embassy restored the memorial in 1957. The north panel reproduces the wording from the "simple Head Stone" placed over the original burial by "their Surviving Comrades": "Erected by the Finlanders Russian Prisoners of War as a Memorial of their Countrymen and fellow Prisoners who died During their Captivity in Lewes War Prison". That on the south side has four lines of verse, also transcribed from the first memorial, and the intervening panels are inscribed with the names of the 28 deceased.
188:
362:... when we see bereaved widows and fatherless orphans of our butchered soldiers starving while points of military etiquette are being discussed, we are informed that the Russian prisoners at Lewes have had their wives brought over to live with them, are selling their toys as fast as they can make them at high prices, and to crown all, have received large sums of money from various noblemen and gentlemen to provide themselves with luxuries!
383:
Constable on behalf of his fellow officers, expressing gratitude for having "enjoyed the hospitality of many, and urbane treatment from all" and spoke of their pleasure at the prospect of returning home being "much modified by the regret we feel in thus bidding farewell to those who have shown so much kindness". After a civic farewell, the townsfolk lined the streets to watch them leave.
195:
443:
Abraham
Lindfors, Erik Kivi, Matts Mort, Adolf Granat, Matts Lilja, Carl Boll, John Kive; Johan Rof, David Kihl, Carl Udd, Matts Hellman, Carl Wec(?h/k)tars, Michel Gronroos, Victor Wass; Johan Mail, Gustaf (?)Husar, Johan Hellen, Gustaf Kyro, Victor Walander, Joel (?Inlo), Matts Lindstrom; Carl Grod
382:
The prisoners' popularity in Lewes remained undimmed. When peace was concluded between
Britain and Russia in 1856, and the time came for their return home, the parting "is said to have been genuinely sorrowful". The commanding officer publicly thanked the people of Lewes and wrote to the Senior
422:
Each arch surrounds an inscribed panel. That on the east side reads "Sacred to the Memory of the
Russian Soldiers who died Prisoners of War in Lewes in the years 1854 1855 1856", and on the west reads "Raised by Order of His Majesty the Emperor of Russia Alexander II 1877", and now carries an
344:
upwards being the price paid for each article bought by the numerous customers, and with this price the men appear exceedingly well pleased. ... The toyshop-keepers at
Brighton have taken the hint, and most of the shops of that description have "Russian toys" ticketted in their
349:
The prison became quite a tourist attraction, admitting as many as 500 visitors in a day, and some days the sale of toys brought in as much as ÂŁ40 (ÂŁ4,700 at today's prices). The receipts were used to purchase additional food and luxuries: according to the
482:
with a cast of professional singers including members of the
Finnish National Opera, a locally recruited amateur chorus, and a chorus of children. The production was the subject of a Finnish television programme which included material related to the memorial.
335:
The men were confined in the old County Gaol, which had been given a new lease of life as a naval prison. A workshop was set up so that they could produce wooden toys for sale to the public to earn themselves pocket money. By
October 1854, it was reported
366:
After a group of men had refused to go out for exercise unless accompanied by three of their number in solitary confinement for misconduct, and their protest had escalated to armed rebellion, 25 of the ringleaders were removed to a prison ship at
354:, "it has been said that they are too well fed", and "scarcely a prisoner is without a watch, and many of the time-pieces are of gold". The generous treatment afforded to the Finnish prisoners was not universally popular: a letter to the
434:
on 29 October 1985. This status is given to "nationally important buildings of special interest". As of
February 2001, it was one of 1,162 Grade II listed buildings, and 1,250 listed buildings of all grades, in the district of Lewes.
301:. That attack was repulsed, but a further attack by British and French forces in August proved successful. The fortress was destroyed and prisoners taken to Britain and France. Some 340 members of the Fusilier Grenadiers were taken to
460:(Ă…land war song) which tells of the prisoners' capture and imprisonment in Lewes and is thought to have been written by one of the Lewes prisoners during his captivity. Stephen Plaice used the story as the inspiration for the
332:. Such freedom of movement left them "frequently subjected to annoyance, insult, and even personal violence from the low characters who loiter in the streets", though the local magistrates dealt severely with such offences.
328:", the officers went riding, appearing "delighted with the salubrity of the air", were invited to shoot on a local estate, succeeding in "bagging a large quantity of game", and attended a charity concert in
553:
966:
395:, a monument was commissioned to commemorate those 28 Finnish prisoners of war who died during their captivity. Designed by Philip Currey and made by local mason John Strong in a
324:, were housed with local families and integrated themselves into local society. After "several of the leading gentlemen of the county been introduced to the officers, and others
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411:. Set on a round plinth above an octagonal stone base, the monument takes the form of an octagonal drum with cusped arches separated by
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was prevalent. The death-toll would rise to 28 by the end of their incarceration, and the dead were buried in the nearby churchyard of
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943:(Crimean War) and the original "Åland war song"] (in Finnish). Bomarsundssällskapet (Bomarsund Society). Archived from
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371:, and the remainder locked in their own cells at night. By September 1855, 15 prisoners had died of disease –
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reported that on 1 May 1877, the work was inspected and approved by
General Alexander Gorloff, the Russian
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was declared in March 1854. In June, concerned at the possible threat posed to
Britain by the Russian
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who died while prisoners of war in Lewes between 1854 and 1856. It has been designated by
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shafts, above which the stonework tapers in the form of a spire, topped by an octagonal
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Sergeant, Michel Sett, Micha Mild, Johan Oinstrom, Matts Asp, Carl Lind, Joseph Storm.
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838:. University of Brighton / Public Monuments and Sculpture Association. Archived from
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403:, near the site of the naval prison, on the spot where the deceased were buried. The
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478:. The opera received its world premiere in Lewes in 2007 under the direction of
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at the time and many of the defenders of Bomarsund had been Finnish conscripts.
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636:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)"
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83:
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35:
The Russian Memorial, showing the north-west, west, and south-west panels
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309:. The officers were Russian, but the men were mostly Finns – the
217:
56:
937:"Oolannin sota – Suosittu laulu ja alkuperäinen "Ålandin sota laulu""
321:
306:
526:"Russian Memorial in the Churchyard of St John Sub Castro (1043887)"
341:
680:
Verner, William, Jun. (27 November 1854). "The Russian Prisoners".
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225:
48:
972:. East Sussex Record Office. 2008. p. 17. Archived from
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and a cross. The whole is 17 feet (5.2 m) in height.
967:"Report of the County Archivist April 2007 to March 2008"
892:"Images of England — Statistics by County (East Sussex)"
153:
Russian Memorial in the Churchyard of St John sub Castro
832:"Monument to Russian prisoners of war (Tzar's Obelisk)"
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a large demand for these articles has sprung up, from
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926:transcribed from monument by JB, 22 December 2010
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694:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
556:. Embassy of Finland, London. Archived from
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245:). It was erected in 1877 at the behest of
20:
632:inflation figures are based on data from
1024:Grade II listed buildings in East Sussex
456:(Crimean War), evolved from the earlier
1029:Grade II listed monuments and memorials
504:
1019:Monuments and memorials in East Sussex
794:. Sussex Records Society. p. 105.
792:The Town Book of Lewes 1837–1901
687:
399:style, it stands in the churchyard of
202:The memorial shown within East Sussex
164:
156:
148:
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18:Historic site in East Sussex, England
7:
297:off the coast of Finland during the
257:soldiers of the Russian Army of the
709:"Naval And Military Intelligence".
724:"The Russian Prisoners At Lewes".
665:"The Russian Prisoners At Lewes".
599:"The Russian Prisoners At Lewes".
531:National Heritage List for England
14:
1039:Buildings and structures in Lewes
320:The officers, having given their
744:"Russian Prisoners in England".
728:. 24 September 1855. p. 10.
552:Bell, Marjatta (20 April 2004).
193:
186:
29:
618:. 15 September 1855. p. 7.
1069:1877 establishments in England
1064:Finnish expatriates in England
1005:at Public Sculptures of Sussex
764:Coleman, Nick (10 July 2007).
584:"Russian Prisoners at Lewes".
358:spoke of general disgust that:
1:
603:. 6 November 1854. p. 8.
588:. 23 October 1854. p. 9.
452:A popular Finnish folk-song,
45:St John sub Castro churchyard
806:"Plea for help with obelisk"
554:"The Crimean War in Finland"
1059:Military history of Finland
836:Public Sculptures of Sussex
474:and incorporating the song
1085:
713:. 14 May 1855. p. 12.
748:. 2 May 1877. p. 12.
669:. 5 May 1855. p. 11.
289:attacked the fortress of
277:What became known as the
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1054:Finnish prisoners of war
1034:Towers completed in 1877
634:Clark, Gregory (2017).
904:. 2007. Archived from
868:. 2010. Archived from
812:. Lewes. 1 August 2002
766:"Chorus in a car park"
393:Alexander II of Russia
391:At the behest of Tsar
364:
347:
311:Grand Duchy of Finland
126:Architectural style(s)
112:Alexander II of Russia
790:Smith, Verena (ed.).
220:in the churchyard of
467:The Finnish Prisoner
1049:Obelisks in England
80: /
939:[Popular song
908:on 23 October 2012
872:on 26 January 2013
862:"Listed Buildings"
630:Retail Price Index
493:Lewes War Memorial
470:, set to music by
458:Ă…landin sota laulu
401:St John sub Castro
377:St John sub Castro
253:, in memory of 28
222:St John sub Castro
166:Reference no.
84:50.8764°N 0.0102°E
979:on 2 October 2011
897:Images of England
842:on 25 August 2011
560:on 5 October 2011
426:The memorial was
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47:, Abinger Place,
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1003:Russian Memorial
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947:on 28 March 2010
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432:English Heritage
409:military attaché
326:left their cards
313:was part of the
263:English Heritage
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214:Russian Memorial
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161:29 October 1985
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472:Orlando Gough
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454:Oolannin sota
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439:List of names
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981:. Retrieved
974:the original
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910:. Retrieved
906:the original
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874:. Retrieved
870:the original
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840:the original
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773:. Retrieved
770:The Guardian
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558:the original
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535:. Retrieved
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373:tuberculosis
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283:Baltic Fleet
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247:Alexander II
242:TQ4152210471
213:
211:
15:
1044:Crimean War
983:3 September
951:3 September
912:27 December
846:2 September
775:3 September
537:3 September
279:Crimean War
259:Crimean War
236:, England (
234:East Sussex
230:county town
87: /
63:Coordinates
53:East Sussex
1013:Categories
564:17 October
499:References
417:tabernacle
397:neo-Gothic
287:Royal Navy
273:Background
158:Designated
144:– Grade II
130:Neo-Gothic
72:50°52′35″N
876:19 August
816:31 August
746:The Times
726:The Times
711:The Times
690:cite news
682:The Times
667:The Times
616:The Times
601:The Times
586:The Times
369:Sheerness
299:Ă…land War
291:Bomarsund
118:Architect
108:Built for
75:0°00′37″E
487:See also
462:libretto
387:Memorial
345:windows.
330:Brighton
41:Location
413:granite
255:Finnish
218:obelisk
169:1043887
57:England
448:Legacy
428:listed
322:parole
307:Sussex
285:, the
251:Russia
228:, the
216:is an
977:(PDF)
970:(PDF)
647:7 May
405:Times
356:Times
352:Times
336:that:
305:, in
303:Lewes
295:Ă…land
293:, in
226:Lewes
100:Built
49:Lewes
985:2010
953:2010
914:2012
878:2011
848:2010
818:2010
777:2010
696:link
649:2024
566:2010
539:2010
212:The
103:1877
628:UK
342:6d.
232:of
224:in
1015::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
