68:
266:
842:
256:
248:
56:
561:
80:
1815:
238:
1571:
1062:
935:
880:
1076:
1869:
531:. In 1896 the powers of the minister were extended at the expense of those of the under-secretary, who remained only at the head of the corps of gendarmes; but by a law of 24 September 1904 this was reversed, and the under-secretary was again placed at the head of all the police with the title of under-secretary for the administration of the police.
915:
Telecommunications service providers are required to grant the
Ministry of Internal Affairs 24-hour remote access to their client databases, including telephone and electronic communication and records, enabling the Ministry to track private communications and internet activity without the users'
866:
listed a leak from Russia's
Ministry of the Interior, portions of which detailed the deployment of Russian troops to Ukraine, at a time when the Kremlin was denying a military presence there. Some material from that leak was published in 2014, about half of it was not, and WikiLeaks reportedly
904:
challenging his 19-year prison sentence on extremism charges held by a court behind closed doors, and the appeal was dismissed. Supporters of
Navalny said he was being silenced for criticizing President Vladimir Putin's government. In 2020 Navalny was poisoned in Russia with the Soviet-era
509:, whose chief was placed at its head. Its object had originally been to keep the emperor in close touch with all the branches of the administration and to bring to his notice any abuses and irregularities, and for this purpose its chief was in constant personal contact with the sovereign.
2153:
2385:
1958:
442:
alike were armed with broad and obscurely-defined powers which, combined with the fact that they were for the most part illiterate and wholly ignorant of the law, formed crushing forces of oppression. Towards the end of the reign of
2059:
671:
as
Minister; the RSFSR Ministry was disbanded for the second time, the first being at the creation of the NKVD of the Soviet Union. The MVD regained its original title in 1968. Another role of the reformed MVD was to combat
2133:
2171:
701:
858:
was murdered. Six years later, the former head of surveillance at Moscow’s main
Internal Affairs Directorate was found guilty of organizing her murder by tracking her movements and giving a gun to the killer.
2400:
2119:
1787:
640:
merged the MGB into the MVD in March 1953. Within a year Beria's downfall caused the MVD to be split up again; after that, the MVD retained its "internal security" (police) functions, while the new
2226:
1613:
1887:
659:, called for the dismissal of the All-Union MVD. The Ministry ceased to exist in January 1960, and its functions were transferred to the respective Republican Ministries. The MVD of the
2107:
2049:
1968:
2431:
2064:
1089:
759:
402:
administrations. Its initial responsibilities also included prisons, firefighting, state enterprises, the state postal system, state property, construction, roads, medicine,
2312:
2244:
1780:
381:
111:
2340:
576:
67:
2148:
1892:
1606:
934:
126:
471:
rapidly became the terror of the countryside. Finally, in the towns of the rural countryside, every house was provided with a "guard dog" of sorts, in the form of a
162:
1661:
830:
336:
269:
2421:
2236:
2015:
822:
1419:
2272:
2074:
1773:
1734:
1651:
2262:
2206:
786:
in 2006, respectively. The last reorganization abolished Main
Directorates inherited from the NKVD in favour of Departments. In 2012, career police officer
1599:
1368:
1224:
555:
2375:
2370:
2360:
2069:
493:, in direct subordination to the ministry of the interior, of which the principal function was the discovery, prevention, and extirpation of political
2380:
2302:
2292:
1841:
1744:
779:
748:
813:, and these close to 200,000 public order, special police, and internal troop forces previously under the command of the MVD were reassigned to the
1948:
1710:
2446:
2089:
1495:
2451:
2307:
2221:
2143:
1705:
818:
752:
1286:
2426:
1933:
1537:
1104:
1094:
925:
364:
220:
841:
265:
2436:
2079:
1861:
1099:
929:
2176:
1943:
1700:
1656:
344:
2441:
1693:
1666:
826:
340:
259:
2267:
1749:
1636:
897:
outside a regional
Ministry of Internal Affairs building, writing on Facebook, “For my death, please blame the Russian Federation.”
2163:
1983:
447:, the government, in order to preserve order in the country districts, also created a special class of mounted rural policemen (
394:
on 28 March 1802. The MVD was one of the most powerful governmental bodies of the Empire, responsible for the police forces and
481:), who was charged with the duty of reporting the presence of any suspicious characters or anything of interest to the police.
2330:
2198:
2037:
1953:
1722:
1189:'s time to that of Alexander II, these chiefs of police were put in power by the ruling nobility. This was changed after the
513:
348:
424:(chiefs of police) were distributed among the sections. Serving under them in their principal localities were commissaries (
1334:
621:(NK) were redesignated as Ministries (M). The NKVD was renamed the MVD of the USSR, along with its former subordinate, the
1678:
1129:
863:
630:
255:
2365:
2277:
2254:
2216:
2211:
2025:
1910:
1902:
1879:
1739:
783:
775:
728:
247:
527:
inherited the secret police functions of the dismissed Third
Section and transferred the most capable Gendarmes to the
2322:
2007:
1190:
656:
1586:
696:
2186:
1978:
1851:
1420:"Ukrainian cyber troops hack into the servers of Russian Federation: Evidence of Russian military actions revealed"
900:
In
September 2023, Russia's Ministry of Internal Affairs decided to have an appeal by imprisoned opposition leader
890:
883:
814:
771:
506:
395:
560:
55:
2282:
1622:
798:
1999:
1973:
1938:
1754:
1717:
1673:
1242:, East-Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Issue: Vol 16, No 4, pp. 374-78 (2023)
852:
810:
732:
505:
in 1826. This was entirely independent of the ordinary police, but was associated with the previously existing
1915:
1814:
1446:
1139:
403:
1521:
The
Russian Secret Police, Muscovite, Imperial Russian and Soviet. Political Security Operations, 1565–1970
237:
79:
520:
444:
1134:
695:
and disorderly behaviour of both enlisted and officer staff (the most shocking case was the robbery and
517:
391:
618:
667:
again recreated the All-Union Ministry for Securing the Public Order in July 1966, and later assigned
1995:
1870:
Federal Agency for CIS Affairs, Compatriots Living Abroad, and International Humanitarian Cooperation
1796:
1727:
1040:
939:
787:
692:
539:
502:
472:
399:
360:
216:
31:
17:
1806:
1186:
1067:
543:
410:; most of them were transferred to other ministries and government bodies by the mid-19th century.
140:
1315:
1109:
855:
845:
668:
601:
584:
1335:"Huge Trove of Leaked Russian Documents Is Published by Transparency Advocates (Published 2019)"
1533:
1342:
1144:
1027:
1001:
652:
387:
317:
1963:
1831:
1646:
988:
740:
407:
332:
305:
241:
871:
was focused on exposing Democratic Party documents passed to WikiLeaks by Kremlin hackers.
975:
894:
893:, was harassed by law enforcement for years. On October 2, 2020, she committed suicide by
664:
573:
419:
328:
2154:
Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media
1570:
889:
The founder and editor of the independent news site Koza.Press, known professionally as
1765:
1525:
1516:
1254:
901:
868:
794:
763:
637:
1214:
351:, and the Investigative Department. The MVD is headquartered in Zhitnaya Street 16 in
2415:
2390:
1369:"WikiLeaks Turned Down Leaks on Russian Government During U.S. Presidential Campaign"
1287:"Putin's new National Guard – what does it say when you need your own personal army?"
1219:
1119:
1081:
1014:
677:
498:
490:
461:
1239:
1149:
1124:
962:
736:
724:
707:
681:
660:
610:
2386:
Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
1476:
1393:
2097:
916:
knowledge. The law permits authorities to monitor telephone calls in real time.
906:
596:
535:
1057:
879:
626:
588:
569:
1346:
546:
of 1917, the Gendarmes and the Okhrana were disbanded as anti-revolutionary.
177:
164:
2395:
1591:
1114:
744:
352:
151:
1240:"Revisiting the Concept of Economic Crimes in Russian Criminal Legislation"
633:
also became Ministries of Internal Affairs subordinate to MVD of the USSR.
617:, there was no Soviet (federal) NKVD until 1934. In March 1946, all of the
418:
As the central government began to further partition the countryside, the
909:
735:. It continued in its functions when Russia gained independence from the
648:
494:
2391:
Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision
1267:
1228:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 876.
676:, that is, to suppress private business which was largely prohibited by
528:
1530:
The Cambridge History of Russia, Volume II: Imperial Russia, 1689–1917
680:. This fight was never successful, due to the pervasive nature of the
1625:
1162:
867:
rejected a request to host the files two years later, at a time when
565:
356:
321:
155:
85:
933:
559:
465:, were armed with power to arrest all suspects on the spot. These
2060:
Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring
2396:
Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography
1688:
1683:
806:
802:
767:
663:
was renamed the Ministry for Securing the Public Order in 1962.
622:
614:
606:
120:
1769:
1595:
1166:
641:
121:
People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of the Russian SFSR
1213:
2172:
Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Supervision
117:
Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Republic (1917)
1496:"Russian court upholds Navalny's 19-year prison sentence"
2401:
Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science
1268:"ФМС и ФСКН переподчинены Министерству внутренних дел"
298:
Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
1959:
Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President
1394:"Ukraine conflict: Hackers take sides in virtual war"
809:(SWAT) forces to form the basis of the newly created
727:
in 1990, following the restoration of the republican
476:
466:
454:
448:
437:
431:
425:
2227:
Federal Agency for Maritime and River Transportation
2065:
Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources
1090:
Awards of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
644:
took on "state security" (secret police) functions.
2351:
2339:
2321:
2291:
2253:
2235:
2197:
2185:
2162:
2132:
2118:
2106:
2088:
2048:
2036:
2024:
2006:
1924:
1901:
1878:
1860:
1840:
1822:
1552:
790:became the Minister of Internal Affairs in Russia.
283:
278:
229:
209:
201:
193:
146:
136:
104:
96:
91:
706:by a group of militsiya officers stationed in the
647:In his efforts to fight bureaucracy and maintain '
382:Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire
112:Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire
49:Ministerstvo vnutrennikh del Rossiyskoy Federatsii
2098:Federal Technical Regulation and Metrology Agency
1888:Federal Service of Military-Technical Cooperation
1564:
739:in 1991. As of 2017 the Ministry controlled: the
501:(of the imperial chancery) instituted by Emperor
1893:Federal Service for Technical and Export Control
572:livery, installed as a monument in front of the
497:. Its most famous development was the so-called
127:Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union
47:Министерство внутренних дел Российской Федерации
2108:Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities
1447:"This Time It's Russia's Emails Getting Leaked"
2016:Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare
1711:Special Communications and Information Service
825:merged into the MVD, and are now known as the
766:. Two long-time units of the Imperial MVD and
2273:Federal Service for Alcohol Market Regulation
1781:
1735:Federal Service for Alcohol Market Regulation
1607:
8:
2263:Federal Agency for State Property Management
2207:Federal Service for Supervision of Transport
723:The Russian MVD re-formed as the MVD of the
39:
2432:Government ministries of the Russian Empire
556:Ministry of Internal Affairs (Soviet Union)
1788:
1774:
1766:
1614:
1600:
1592:
1569:
78:
54:
30:"MVD" redirects here. For other uses, see
2313:Federal Service for Intellectual Property
2245:Federal Service for Labour and Employment
805:(the Special Purpose Mobility Unit), and
749:General Administration for Traffic Safety
636:Secret police became a part of MVD after
2341:Ministry of Science and Higher Education
1490:
1488:
1486:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1255:"Russia: Domestic Politics and Economy,"
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
944:
878:
840:
780:Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations
577:Main Directorate for Road Traffic Safety
2149:Federal Agency for Press and Mass Media
1250:
1248:
1178:
1842:Ministry for Affairs of Civil Defence,
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
831:Main Directorate for Migration Affairs
38:
2422:Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)
2237:Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs
1532:, Cambridge University Press (2006),
1105:Ministry of Police of Imperial Russia
938:Current Minister of Internal Affairs
926:Minister of Internal Affairs (Russia)
7:
2075:Federal Agency for Mineral Resources
1797:Government of the Russian Federation
1100:List of interior ministers of Russia
930:List of interior ministers of Russia
390:(MVD) in Russia was created by Tsar
18:Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs
817:. In turn and on the same day, the
793:On 5 April 2016, Russian President
762:in 2003, the MVD also investigates
687:By the mid-1980s, the image of the
331:in Russia through its agencies the
2122:of the Russian Far East and Arctic
1445:Poulsen, Kevin (24 January 2019).
827:Main Directorate for Drugs Control
25:
2376:Federal Agency for State Reserves
2371:Federal Agency for Ethnic Affairs
2361:Federal Medical-Biological Agency
2134:Ministry of Digital Development,
2070:Federal Agency of Water Resources
714:Russian Federation (1990–present)
613:. After the establishment of the
459:, order), who, in a time without
2381:Federal Agency for Youth Affairs
2303:Federal State Statistics Service
1832:Police of the Russian Federation
1813:
1745:Ministry of Emergency Situations
1333:Shane, Scott (25 January 2019).
1212:Phillips, Walter Alison (1911).
1074:
1060:
595:police forces and formed an all-
264:
254:
246:
236:
205:1192.2 billion roubles (FY 2011)
66:
1844:Emergencies and Disaster Relief
691:was largely compromised by the
538:, the department had spawned a
489:In addition there was also the
2447:Ministries established in 1990
2090:Ministry of Industry and Trade
2050:Ministry of Natural Resources
1949:Special Communications Service
349:Centre for Combating Extremism
1:
2452:Russian intelligence agencies
2308:Federal Accreditation Service
2222:Federal Rail Transport Agency
2144:Federal Communications Agency
2136:Communications and Mass Media
1706:Presidential Security Service
1130:Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Police
864:Distributed Denial of Secrets
2427:Federal ministries of Russia
2366:Federal Antimonopoly Service
2212:Federal Air Transport Agency
2120:Ministry for the Development
1994:Offices subordinated to the
1969:Directorate of the President
1964:Federal Financial Monitoring
1934:Foreign Intelligence Service
1911:Federal Penitentiary Service
1824:Ministry of Internal Affairs
1805:Offices subordinated to the
1740:Federal Penitentiary Service
1642:Ministry of Internal Affairs
819:Federal Drug Control Service
772:Russian Firefighting Service
758:Since the disbanding of the
753:Federal Drug Control Service
729:Russian Council of Ministers
512:Following the growth of the
365:Minister of Internal Affairs
314:Ministerstvo vnutrennikh del
310:Министерство внутренних дел
221:Minister of Internal Affairs
40:Ministry of Internal Affairs
2437:Internal affairs ministries
2080:Federal Agency for Forestry
1862:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1191:Emancipation reform of 1861
784:Russian Ministry of Justice
657:Premier of the Soviet Union
477:
467:
455:
449:
438:
432:
426:
327:The MVD is responsible for
2468:
2177:Federal Agency for Fishery
1979:Security Council of Russia
1944:Federal Protective Service
1852:Russian State Fire Service
1811:
1701:Federal Protective Service
1587:Timeline of MVD, 1801–1997
1424:InformNapalm.org (English)
923:
815:Security Council of Russia
760:Russian Tax Police Service
629:of the USSR. The NKVDs of
553:
525:Department of State Police
507:Special Corps of Gendarmes
379:
376:Russian Empire (1802–1917)
29:
2442:Law enforcement in Russia
1992:
1803:
1632:
823:Federal Migration Service
697:murder of a KGB operative
516:and the assassination of
406:, natural resources, and
398:, and the supervision of
309:
84:Ministry headquarters in
77:
65:
53:
46:
42:of the Russian Federation
27:Russian Federation agency
2352:Governmental committees,
2000:Prime Minister of Russia
1974:National Guard of Russia
1939:Federal Security Service
1718:Federal Security Service
1674:National Guard of Russia
1477:"Custom Reports: Russia"
1320:U.S. Department of State
853:investigative journalist
811:National Guard of Russia
733:Supreme Soviet of Russia
564:A 1970s- or 80s-vintage
251:Investigative Department
2268:Federal Customs Service
2164:Ministry of Agriculture
1984:Federal Archival Agency
1916:Federal Bailiff Service
1750:Federal Customs Service
1662:Migration Affairs Dept.
1637:Investigative Committee
1225:Encyclopædia Britannica
1140:Saint Petersburg Police
799:Russian Internal Troops
776:Federal Prisons Service
600:Workers' and Peasants'
1925:Presidential Services
942:
886:
848:
719:Organizational changes
619:People's Commissariats
580:
514:revolutionary movement
2354:services and agencies
2331:Federal Energy Agency
2293:Ministry of Economic
2199:Ministry of Transport
2038:Ministry of Education
1954:State Courier Service
1679:National Guard Forces
1135:Primorsky Krai Police
937:
882:
844:
778:, transferred to the
568:Volga, in the period
563:
178:55.73083°N 37.61389°E
1996:Government of Russia
1723:Border Guard Service
1657:Traffic Police Dept.
1502:. 26 September 2023.
1041:Vladimir Kolokoltsev
940:Vladimir Kolokoltsev
788:Vladimir Kolokoltsev
550:Soviet era (1917-89)
540:counter-intelligence
361:Vladimir Kolokoltsev
217:Vladimir Kolokoltsev
210:Minister responsible
32:MVD (disambiguation)
2278:Federal Tax Service
2255:Ministry of Finance
2217:Federal Road Agency
2026:Ministry of Culture
1903:Ministry of Justice
1880:Ministry of Defence
1807:President of Russia
1652:Patrol Police Dept.
1367:McLaughlin, Jenna.
1068:Soviet Union portal
947:
946:Interior ministers
782:in 2001 and to the
649:Leninist principles
544:February Revolution
542:section. After the
174: /
141:President of Russia
43:
2323:Ministry of Energy
2008:Ministry of Health
1667:Drugs Police Dept.
1623:Law enforcement in
1426:. 15 December 2014
1400:. 20 December 2014
1339:The New York Times
1289:. Ukrainian Policy
1257:September 9, 2020.
1110:Military of Russia
945:
943:
887:
862:In December 2019,
856:Anna Politkovskaya
849:
846:Anna Politkovskaya
689:people's militsiya
669:Nikolai Shchelokov
585:October Revolution
581:
183:55.73083; 37.61389
105:Preceding agencies
2409:
2408:
2187:Ministry of Sport
1763:
1762:
1538:978-0-521-81529-1
1145:Sevastopol Police
1051:
1050:
1028:Rashid Nurgaliyev
1002:Vladimir Rushailo
653:Nikita Khrushchev
625:which became the
388:interior ministry
337:Migration Affairs
318:interior ministry
294:
293:
270:Migration Affairs
150:Zhitnaya St. 16,
16:(Redirected from
2459:
2283:Federal Treasury
1998:, headed by the
1927:and Directorates
1817:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1767:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1593:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1567:
1565:Official website
1559:
1556:
1555:
1553:Official website
1504:
1503:
1492:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1384:
1383:
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1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1312:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1285:Galleoti, Mark.
1282:
1276:
1275:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1243:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1217:
1209:
1194:
1183:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1063:
989:Sergei Stepashin
948:
833:, respectively.
705:
480:
470:
458:
452:
441:
435:
429:
427:stanovoi pristav
333:Police of Russia
311:
290:
287:
285:
268:
258:
250:
242:Police of Russia
240:
189:
188:
186:
185:
184:
179:
175:
172:
171:
170:
167:
100:8 September 1802
82:
70:
58:
44:
21:
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2353:
2347:
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2317:
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2287:
2249:
2231:
2193:
2181:
2158:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2102:
2084:
2052:and Environment
2051:
2044:
2032:
2020:
2002:
1988:
1926:
1920:
1897:
1874:
1856:
1843:
1836:
1818:
1809:
1799:
1794:
1764:
1759:
1755:Military Police
1628:
1620:
1583:
1574:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1513:
1511:Further reading
1508:
1507:
1494:
1493:
1484:
1475:
1474:
1465:
1455:
1453:
1451:The Daily Beast
1444:
1443:
1439:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1403:
1401:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1351:
1349:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1314:
1313:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1274:. 5 April 2016.
1272:www.interfax.ru
1266:
1265:
1261:
1253:
1246:
1237:
1233:
1211:
1210:
1197:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1158:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1056:
976:Anatoly Kulikov
932:
924:Main articles:
922:
895:self-immolation
877:
839:
764:economic crimes
721:
716:
699:
674:economic crimes
665:Leonid Brezhnev
631:Union Republics
583:Having won the
574:Nizhny Novgorod
558:
552:
487:
416:
396:Internal Guards
384:
378:
373:
329:law enforcement
282:
274:
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1575:(in Russian)
1558:(in English)
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1454:. Retrieved
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1428:. Retrieved
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1402:. Retrieved
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1291:. Retrieved
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1187:Catherine II
1181:
1150:Sochi Police
1125:MVD Ensemble
963:Viktor Yerin
914:
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875:2020-present
861:
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797:ordered the
792:
757:
737:Soviet Union
725:Russian SFSR
722:
708:Moscow Metro
688:
686:
682:black market
673:
661:Russian SFSR
646:
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611:Russian SFSR
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582:
579:headquarters
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524:
521:Alexander II
511:
488:
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445:Alexander II
420:
417:
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367:since 2012.
326:
313:
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297:
295:
147:Headquarters
137:Jurisdiction
36:
2295:Development
1728:Coast Guard
1456:21 February
1430:21 February
1404:21 February
1378:21 February
1352:21 February
954:Start year
907:nerve agent
700: [
597:proletarian
536:World War I
392:Alexander I
181: /
129:(1946–1991)
123:(1917-1946)
114:(1802–1917)
2416:Categories
1173:References
751:, and the
743:(formerly
710:in 1980).
693:corruption
605:under the
589:Bolsheviks
503:Nicholas I
433:Ispravniki
421:ispravniks
386:The first
169:37°36′50″E
166:55°43′51″N
1347:0362-4331
1115:Militsiya
957:End year
951:Minister
920:Ministers
851:In 2006,
745:Militsiya
741:Politsiya
655:, as the
602:Militsiya
570:squad car
468:uryadniks
450:uryadniks
400:gubernial
353:Yakimanka
316:) is the
194:Employees
152:Yakimanka
1398:BBC News
1316:"Russia"
1054:See also
910:Novichok
829:and the
821:and the
774:and the
731:and the
518:Emperior
495:sedition
408:nobility
158:, Russia
1581:Russian
1528:(ed.),
1500:I24news
1293:8 April
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1165:of the
1161:Former
837:2005-19
747:), the
609:of the
593:tsarist
529:Okhrana
478:dvornik
453:, from
439:pristav
371:History
306:Russian
279:Website
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1626:Russia
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1163:HC MVD
1156:Sports
770:, the
587:, the
566:GAZ-24
523:, the
473:porter
414:Police
404:clergy
357:Moscow
347:, the
322:Russia
156:Moscow
97:Formed
86:Moscow
1218:. In
1185:From
1045:2012
1035:2012
1032:2004
1022:2003
1019:2001
1009:2001
1006:1999
996:1999
993:1998
983:1998
980:1995
970:1995
967:1992
704:]
456:uriad
1689:SOBR
1684:OMON
1534:ISBN
1458:2021
1432:2021
1406:2021
1380:2021
1354:2021
1343:ISSN
1295:2016
928:and
807:SOBR
803:OMON
768:NKVD
623:NKGB
615:USSR
607:NKVD
436:and
296:The
286:.mvd
1167:KHL
651:',
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627:MGB
534:By
430:).
320:of
302:MVD
288:.ru
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475:(
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20:)
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