149:
815:
640:
50:
160:
737:
attempted to put further pressure on Sten by concluding an alliance with Grand Prince Ivan, promising that if he managed to take control of Sweden he would restore the Russo-Swedish border to the line stipulated by the Treaty of Nöteborg. Sten thus found himself menaced by hostile powers to both east
741:
For his part, Ivan did not entirely trust the promise of territorial concessions from Hans. Calculating that the Swedes would be too preoccupied with the threat of a Danish-Norwegian invasion to deal with a
Muscovite incursion into Österland, he decided to seize the vital Swedish border fortress at
896:
Sten Sture himself arrived in Österland in early autumn 1496 with a fresh army, planning to overwinter at Åbo and then mount a campaign into Ingria in 1497. However, upon arrival he fell out with Svante
Nilsson, who promptly sailed to Sweden and aligned himself with the unionist opposition against
774:
happened to be married to one of Sten Sture's cousins. After a siege of three months, the
Muscovites attempted to storm the castle in late November, but a massive explosion killed a large number of the attackers and stopped the assault in its tracks, and the siege was lifted soon afterward. The
853:
against heretics, which was a propaganda boost for Sten and enabled him to impose extra taxes to fund the war effort. These taxes were however very unpopular in Sweden, especially for the
Swedish Church, which was already suspicious of Sten for his efforts to encroach upon
897:
Sten. Given Svante's status as the general who had captured
Ivangorod, this defection was a major blow to Sten, and in November he was forced to return to Sweden himself to address the gathering unrest against him. He also offered to make peace with Moscow, and a six-year
662:
Despite the signing of the Treaty, conflicts recurred periodically between Sweden and
Novgorod through the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The Novgorodians were aggrieved by Swedish settlement on their side of the border, particularly in northern
782:
The
Muscovites subsequently switched tactics, and rather than trying to seize Swedish castles they instead attempted to force them into submission by ravaging Österland. Over the winter of 1495-6 Muscovite forces under Vasily Kosoy and
1015:
See
Michael C. Paul, "Archbishop Vasilii Kalika of Novgorod, the Fortress of Orekhov, and the Defense of Orthodoxy," in Alan V. Murray, ed., The Clash of Cultures on the Medieval Baltic Frontier (Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 2009):
235:
304:
1114:
Palme 1950 s. 209-210, 212-218, Suvanto 1952 s. 265-269, 271, 275-277, Julku 1987 s. 237, Finlands historia I s. 395, 397, Harrison 2005 s. 496-497, Sveriges historia 1350–1600 s. 197
682:
However, Novgorod was not in a position to seek redress for its grievances as the
Republic was by then in terminal decline. In 1472 it was defeated by its southeastern neighbour, the
221:
1105:
Palme 1950 s. 208-209, 211, Suvanto 1952 s. 237, 239, 248, 250-252, 254-257, 260-263, Finlands historia I s. 393-394, Harrison 2005 s. 496, Sveriges historia 1350–1600 s. 196-198
1304:
730:. Successive Danish-Norwegian kings encouraged this unionist sentiment to try to force Sten to acknowledge royal sovereignty and to re-integrate Sweden fully into the Union.
636:, although the treaty is rather vague with regard to the northern segment of the border, presumably because this territory was initially considered to be useless wasteland.
1239:
1269:
559:. Although the war was relatively short, and did not lead to any territorial changes, it has significance as the first war between Sweden and Moscow. Sweden earlier
1139:
1083:
1054:
1259:
441:
297:
1249:
290:
314:
1000:
972:
406:
228:
929:, but he was distantly related to Sten, and moreover his son Sten Svantesson later adopted the surname Sture (and is therefore known as
710:. However, by the late fifteenth century its position in the Union had been thrown into question. From 1471 it was ruled by a regent (
664:
416:
518:
513:
503:
488:
478:
411:
862:
202:
726:
independent, but theoretically it was still part of the Union, a large proportion of its political class favoured close ties with
331:
1234:
1264:
593:
446:
1244:
979:
Det ryska anfallet hade misslyckats, men Sten Sture kunde visa sina adelsbröder att han hade blivit förrådd av sin egen kung.
647:
625:
560:
431:
336:
1284:
1279:
1274:
473:
498:
1254:
948:
426:
1299:
1294:
1289:
371:
259:
930:
463:
458:
366:
130:
838:
734:
683:
552:
381:
346:
152:
148:
771:
651:
609:
206:
921:) after Sten Sture the Elder and Svante Nilsson. Confusingly, Svante Nilsson actually belonged to the
351:
890:
719:
605:
376:
269:
198:
814:
264:
1133:
1077:
1048:
870:
855:
818:
687:
508:
361:
356:
341:
177:
41:
1096:
Palme 1950 s. 205-206, Suvanto 1952 s. 233-235, Finlands historia I s. 393, Harrison 2005 s. 495
996:
968:
842:
784:
585:
564:
556:
193:
914:
830:
804:
792:
711:
672:
621:
581:
544:
436:
396:
17:
866:
759:
629:
617:
181:
97:
878:
788:
727:
189:
962:
1228:
613:
386:
799:), while other Muscovite raiding parties managed to get all the way to the gates of
926:
922:
707:
483:
185:
63:
59:
639:
601:
776:
668:
643:
633:
523:
493:
401:
391:
213:
55:
608:. The border between Sweden and the Republic of Novgorod was fixed by the 1322
846:
589:
49:
1164:
Suomen poliittinen asema Sten Sturen vanhemman valtakautena vuosina 1483–1497
949:
Great events from history. The
Renaissance & early modern era, 1454-1600
421:
1168:
Finlands politiska ställning under Sten Sture den äldres regering 1483–1497
834:
826:
893:, whereupon Svante returned to Åbo to await reinforcements from Sweden.
964:
Svenska uppror / [2] Fogdemakt och bondevrede : 1500- 1718
882:
850:
763:
699:
597:
92:
886:
874:
767:
743:
703:
282:
165:
102:
800:
898:
813:
638:
995:. Helsinki: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland. p. 71.
690:
formally dissolved the Republic and annexed Novgorod to Moscow.
825:
The Swedish regent responded by declaring the conflict to be a
286:
217:
1126:
Kalmarunionens tid: Från drottning Margareta till Kristian II
1070:
Kalmarunionens tid: Från drottning Margareta till Kristian II
1041:
Kalmarunionens tid: Från drottning Margareta till Kristian II
775:
explosion went down in Swedish and Finnish folklore as 'the
567:, before Novgorod was formally annexed to Moscow in 1478.
858:
and blamed him for the outbreak of the war with Moscow.
667:
and eastern Savonia; the building of a Swedish castle at
1202:), Pohjoissuomen historiallinen yhdistys 1987, Rovaniemi
933:), and so Svante is often described as a Sture himself.
967:. Internet Archive. Stockholm : Natur och Kultur.
901:
was agreed in March 1497, bringing the war to an end.
1213:Gud vill det! Nordiska korsfarare under medeltiden
746:and thus present both the Swedes and Danes with a
698:In 1397 Sweden had, together with the Kingdoms of
686:, and forced to accept vassal status, and in 1478
1027:Russia: A 1,000 Year Chronicle of the Wild East
873:, a castle which Ivan III had built to protect
861:In August a Swedish force under the command of
841:Swedes. In summer 1496 he succeeded in getting
551:), was a border war which occurred between the
34:
1159:, AB Wahlström & Widstrand 1950, Stockholm
1029:. New York, NY: Overlook Pr., 2012. 41. Print.
1170:), Suomen historiallinen seura 1952, Helsinki
620:and then running north, up the middle of the
298:
229:
8:
811:), which was a major humiliation for Sten.
706:, formed the tripartite union known as the
650:, on territory assigned to Novgorod by the
1305:15th century in the Principality of Moscow
1138:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1082:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1053:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
604:), and thereby came into contact with the
305:
291:
283:
236:
222:
214:
48:
31:
1240:Wars involving the Principality of Moscow
1270:15th-century military history of Russia
941:
1131:
1075:
1046:
766:to lay siege to the Swedish castle of
679:) in 1475 was especially provocative.
646:. Its construction in 1475 in eastern
7:
849:officially recognising the war as a
909:The conflict is known in Sweden as
612:, which defined it as beginning at
25:
1215:, Ordfront förlag 2005, Stockholm
1260:Russia–Sweden military relations
1208:, Schildts Förlags AB 1992, Esbo
1200:Den finska östgränsens tillkomst
758:In late 1495, Ivan sent Princes
158:
147:
1250:History of the Karelian Isthmus
1025:Sixsmith, Martin. "Chapter 3."
889:. The castle was successfully
787:devastated the country around
632:, probably in the area of the
600:(referred to by the Swedes as
537:Russo-Swedish War of 1495–1497
35:Russo-Swedish War of 1495–1497
27:War between Muscovy and Sweden
1:
247:Russo-Swedish War (1495–1497)
1181:), Werner Söderström OY 1959
596:the entirety of what is now
18:Russo-Swedish War, 1496-1499
1221:, Norstedts 2010, Stockholm
1219:Sveriges historia 1350–1600
1189:Det finska folkets historia
1124:Larsson, Lars-Olof (1997).
1068:Larsson, Lars-Olof (1997).
1039:Larsson, Lars-Olof (1997).
829:, as the Muscovites, being
694:Sweden and the Kalmar Union
1321:
1175:Suomen myöhäiskeskiaika II
1128:. Stockholm. p. 362.
1072:. Stockholm. p. 359.
1043:. Stockholm. p. 358.
991:Tarkiainen, Kari (2010).
324:
255:
171:
141:
69:
47:
39:
1185:Suomen kansan historia I
961:Adolfsson, Mats (2007).
856:its traditional freedoms
588:had expanded across the
327:Swedish–Novgorodian Wars
1235:15th century in Finland
1191:), Otava 1964, Helsinki
911:the Stures' Russian War
541:the Stures' Russian War
1265:15th century in Sweden
931:Sten Sture the Younger
918:
822:
808:
796:
715:
676:
659:
654:, was one of the main
548:
172:Commanders and leaders
131:Status quo ante bellum
1245:Wars involving Sweden
1196:Suomen itärajan synty
817:
688:Grand Prince Ivan III
684:Grand Duchy of Moscow
642:
553:Grand Duchy of Moscow
539:, known in Sweden as
153:Grand Duchy of Moscow
1179:Finlands senmedeltid
1157:Sten Sture den äldre
919:Sturarnas ryska krig
821:as it appears today.
720:Sten Sture the Elder
628:to terminate at the
606:Republic of Novgorod
576:The Österland Border
549:Sturarnas ryska krig
199:Sten Sture the Elder
40:Part of a series of
1206:Finlands historia I
1155:Palme, Sven Ulric,
923:Natt och Dag family
831:Orthodox Christians
891:captured and razed
865:sailed across the
833:, were considered
823:
819:Ivangorod Fortress
772:Knut Jönsson Posse
770:, whose commander
660:
652:Treaty of Nöteborg
644:Olavinlinna Castle
610:Treaty of Nöteborg
453:Russo–Swedish Wars
316:Russo-Swedish wars
207:Knut Jönsson Posse
178:Ivan III of Moscow
42:Russo-Swedish wars
1285:Conflicts in 1497
1280:Conflicts in 1496
1275:Conflicts in 1495
1002:978-951-583-212-2
974:978-91-27-35690-0
843:Pope Alexander VI
785:Andrey Chelyadnin
586:Kingdom of Sweden
565:Novgorod Republic
557:Kingdom of Sweden
532:
531:
278:
277:
212:
211:
194:Andrey Chelyadnin
166:Kingdom of Sweden
137:
136:
58:, as depicted by
16:(Redirected from
1312:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1129:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1073:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1044:
1036:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1006:
988:
982:
981:
958:
952:
946:
925:rather than the
716:riksföreståndare
622:Karelian Isthmus
582:High Middle Ages
319:
317:
307:
300:
293:
284:
250:
248:
238:
231:
224:
215:
164:
162:
161:
151:
71:
70:
52:
32:
21:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1255:1490s conflicts
1225:
1224:
1152:
1147:
1130:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1074:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1045:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1010:
1003:
990:
989:
985:
975:
960:
959:
955:
947:
943:
939:
907:
881:in what is now
867:Gulf of Finland
760:Daniil Shchenya
756:
696:
630:Gulf of Bothnia
618:Gulf of Finland
578:
573:
533:
528:
320:
315:
313:
311:
281:
280:
279:
274:
251:
246:
244:
242:
205:
201:
192:
188:
184:
182:Daniil Shchenya
180:
159:
157:
125:
119:Swedish victory
111:
110:
107:
98:Gulf of Finland
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1318:
1316:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1300:1497 in Europe
1297:
1295:1496 in Europe
1292:
1290:1495 in Europe
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1216:
1209:
1203:
1192:
1182:
1171:
1160:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1116:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1060:
1031:
1018:
1008:
1001:
993:Ruotsin itämaa
983:
973:
953:
940:
938:
935:
906:
903:
879:Livonian Order
863:Svante Nilsson
755:
752:
728:Denmark-Norway
695:
692:
634:Pyhäjoki River
577:
574:
572:
569:
530:
529:
527:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
450:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
325:
322:
321:
312:
310:
309:
302:
295:
287:
276:
275:
273:
272:
267:
262:
256:
253:
252:
243:
241:
240:
233:
226:
218:
210:
209:
203:Svante Nilsson
196:
190:Vasily Shuisky
174:
173:
169:
168:
155:
144:
143:
139:
138:
135:
134:
127:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
109:
108:
106:
105:
100:
95:
89:
86:
85:
83:
79:
78:
75:
67:
66:
45:
44:
37:
36:
30:
29:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1317:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:Harrison, D:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:Jaakkola, J:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1141:
1135:
1127:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1079:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1012:
1009:
1004:
998:
994:
987:
984:
980:
976:
970:
966:
965:
957:
954:
950:
945:
942:
936:
934:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
904:
902:
900:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
859:
857:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
820:
816:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
780:
778:
773:
769:
765:
761:
753:
751:
749:
748:fait accompli
745:
739:
736:
731:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
693:
691:
689:
685:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
614:Vyborg Castle
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
575:
570:
568:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
456:
455:
454:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
328:
323:
318:
308:
303:
301:
296:
294:
289:
288:
285:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
257:
254:
249:
239:
234:
232:
227:
225:
220:
219:
216:
208:
204:
200:
197:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
176:
175:
170:
167:
156:
154:
150:
146:
145:
140:
133:
132:
128:
123:
122:
118:
115:
114:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
90:
88:
87:
84:
81:
80:
76:
73:
72:
68:
65:
61:
57:
51:
46:
43:
38:
33:
19:
1218:
1212:
1205:
1199:
1195:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1174:
1167:
1163:
1162:Suvanto, S:
1156:
1125:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1069:
1063:
1040:
1034:
1026:
1021:
1011:
992:
986:
978:
963:
956:
944:
927:Sture family
910:
908:
895:
877:against the
860:
824:
781:
757:
747:
740:
732:
723:
708:Kalmar Union
697:
681:
665:Ostrobothnia
661:
658:for the war.
655:
579:
563:against the
540:
536:
534:
468:
452:
451:
326:
245:
186:Vasily Kosoy
142:Belligerents
129:
64:Carta marina
60:Olaus Magnus
845:to issue a
797:Hämeenlinna
777:Vyborg Bang
762:and Vasily
669:Olavinlinna
656:casus belli
624:and across
580:During the
561:fought wars
519:(1788–1790)
514:(1741–1743)
509:(1700–1721)
504:(1656–1658)
494:(1610–1617)
489:(1590–1595)
484:(1558–1583)
479:(1554–1557)
469:(1495–1497)
464:(1479–1482)
459:(1475–1476)
124:Territorial
56:Vyborg Bang
1229:Categories
1194:Julku, K:
937:References
869:to attack
847:papal bull
789:Tavastehus
738:and west.
590:Baltic Sea
571:Background
1134:cite book
1078:cite book
1049:cite book
871:Ivangorod
735:King Hans
733:In 1493,
677:Olofsborg
602:Österland
594:conquered
524:(1808–09)
417:1350–1351
412:1348–1349
407:1338–1339
402:1321–1323
392:1311–1314
387:1300–1301
382:1293–1295
377:1283–1284
372:1256–1257
367:1249–1250
357:1236–1237
347:1227–1228
270:Ivangorod
77:1495–1497
54:The 1495
1016:253–271.
839:Catholic
835:heretics
827:holy war
724:de facto
722:and was
555:and the
265:Vatikivi
82:Location
1150:Sources
915:Swedish
883:Estonia
851:crusade
837:by the
805:Finnish
793:Finnish
764:Shuisky
712:Swedish
700:Denmark
673:Swedish
648:Savonia
626:Savonia
616:on the
598:Finland
545:Swedish
126:changes
93:Finland
62:on the
999:
971:
905:Trivia
887:Latvia
875:Ingria
768:Viborg
744:Vyborg
704:Norway
584:, the
499:(1656)
474:(1499)
260:Viborg
163:
116:Result
103:Russia
951:P.234
899:truce
809:Turku
1140:link
1084:link
1055:link
997:ISBN
969:ISBN
885:and
779:'.
702:and
592:and
535:The
447:1448
442:1444
437:1411
432:1399
427:1396
422:1395
397:1318
362:1240
352:1229
342:1187
337:1164
332:1142
74:Date
801:Åbo
754:War
718:),
1231::
1136:}}
1132:{{
1080:}}
1076:{{
1051:}}
1047:{{
977:.
917::
807::
795::
750:.
714::
675::
547::
1198:(
1187:(
1177:(
1166:(
1142:)
1086:)
1057:)
1005:.
913:(
803:(
791:(
671:(
543:(
306:e
299:t
292:v
237:e
230:t
223:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
