2554:
he is part of an emerging crop of self-styled information warriors loyal to authoritarian regimes. "There are more of these actors cropping up in conflict zones around the world," said Tanya Lokot, an assistant professor at Dublin City
University's School of Communications who studies how digital media has been used on both sides of the Ukrainian conflict. These actors include... Graham Phillips, a YouTube vlogger who moved to Donetsk after a stint in Kiev. Though their reach may be limited compared with the likes of Russian state media, the conspiracy theories they promote tend to ricochet around the web, making the leap from alternative media websites to Russian television, and after gaining traction on social media, burbling up to the mainstream. As a result, parsing the truth has become more elusive than ever.
2896:
455:
Novosti to act as an independent, commercially-funded organisation under German law, and sister agency to RT. It has commercial relations with all its clients including RT." It noted that videos on its platform contain criticism of the
Kremlin, including anti-Putin demonstrations in Russia and around the world, protests outside the Russian embassy in Berlin and global demonstrations in support of opposition activist leader
239:
the full version, "as soon as" it was able to obtain it. Polygraph confirmed that Ruptly did publish the full version of the video on 26 November but that the full version was published by other
Russian media on 25 November. In its update, Polygraph stated that it had "no means to independently confirm that Ruptly.tv did not edit the first, shorter version, of the video".
29:
449:
Although Ruptly has published straightforward content from around the world, its videos and headlines of topics of interest to the
Kremlin have repeatedly featured false or misleading statements from Russian government officials, including denials that Syria was behind chemical weapons attacks of its
238:
in which a
Ukrainian tugboat was rammed by a Russian Coast Guard vessel. Polygraph later updated the story to advise that Ruptly had contacted it to say Ruptly "acquired and published without editing" a short version of the ramming video which it had received on 25 November 2018 and that it published
2553:
Bentley ... is a new kind of soldier in the information war, a freelancer who has garnered a loyal following precisely because he claims to be independent from state or corporate control. In truth, of course, he often echoes the talking points spun out by
Russian news sources. And in that respect,
1840:
Much of the tweeted material comes from
Russian state media outlets including the Sputnik news website, the RT television network, and Ruptly, a German-based video news agency that belongs to RT. These outlets are covering the French crisis closely; RT has said that 12 of its journalists have been
1198:
Particularly in the wake of the crisis in
Ukraine that erupted in 2013–2014, the Kremlin has been accused of orchestrating disinformation campaigns against the Ukrainian government and western countries by using online trolls and state-controlled online outlets such as RT (formerly known as Russia
454:
Ruptly responded that "As a video news agency providing content to journalists, our role is to present raw footage that our clients ensure their journalists edit and use responsibly." Ruptly said the claim it was run by the
Russian government was "factually false": "Ruptly was founded by ANO TV
333:. Ruptly has stated it was founded by ANO TV-Novosti "to act as an independent, commercially-funded organisation under German law", that its editorial and operational decisions are "completely independent" and the claim it is run by the Russian government is "factually false".
450:
own citizens. Although the footage accurately quotes
Russian authorities, NewsGuard has determined that Ruptly, as a government run outlet publishing the government’s false claims, has repeatedly published false content and does not gather and present information responsibly.
946:
Moscow is looking beyond the short-term, seeking to influence opinion in the long-run to create "an alternative discourse in Western countries as well," says Margarita Simonyan, editor in chief of Kremlin foreign broadcaster RT, formerly known as Russia Today, which owns
1094:
222:
channel and stated that its employees and not the restaurant were involved in the creation of the video, "which, unfortunately, compromised the reliability of the video. We are grateful to our audience for drawing attention to the discrepancy in our story".
914:
Ruptly is a news agency created by Russian funded news channel RT in 2013 to rival Reuters and AP. Finally, it is very transparent about following the same agenda as RT: "Ruptly builds on and extends the core strengths and values of our parent company
386:
has reported that Ruptly is a platform for sophisticated English-language video and text content that experts say is edited and curated to exacerbate American political tensions, with a particular focus being younger viewers and the political left.
1073:
The company left out the essential information in its job vacancy advertisements: Ruptly is the subsidiary of the Russian state-funded media company RT, formerly Russia Today. It's located in the same office as RT's German media branch, named RT
250:. Ruptly obtained the footage by videoing the embassy using a crew of five working in shifts 24 hours per day for the week leading up to Assange's arrest. Ruptly's twitter video of the arrest achieved 1.7 million views within a day.
377:
Ruptly is one of several Russian media organizations that has been accused by the US government and others of attempting to influence elections through social media. These sources say that Ruptly targets a younger
1319:
One of the major tools highlighted by the author is Russia Today, the state-controlled international television network that is often cited by Russian trolls in their dissemination of Pro-Kremlin messages.
309:
Ruptly has a team of 80 journalists from 42 countries at its Berlin newsroom, and has offices in Moscow and Beijing. Along with its full time video journalists, it employs freelance video journalists, or
2307:
1862:
347:
Until it closed in 2021, Maffick GmbH was also based in Berlin and registered to the same address as Ruptly, according to the Alliance for Securing Democracy, with the same address shared by Redfish.
1525:
2515:
1269:
Use of state-controlled media such as RT (previously known as Russia Today) to spread the Russian narrative or contest the opponent's narrative is an important part of Russian information warfare.
1827:
365:
page began to mention its connection to RT and Ruptly. Maffick denied any connection to Ruptly and in July 2020 filed a lawsuit against Facebook after the website labelled its pages as "Russia
1731:
1670:
1640:
2142:[List of systemically important institutions approved by the Government Commission on Sustainable Development of the Russian Economy] (in Russian). government.ru. Archived from
283:
2393:
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2137:
1700:
892:
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published an article in which it said Phillips had worked for Ruptly among other Russian state platforms to produce Pro-Kremlin propaganda and had links to the Russian
2631:
2456:
2273:
174:, and operates as a German commercial entity. ANO TV Novosti, an organization that is primarily funded by a Russian government grant, oversees the broadcasts of RT.
2093:
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By focusing almost entirely on police violence against protesters, RT and its social video counterpart Ruptly are dominating Yellow Vests Facebook groups right now.
1436:
740:
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2687:
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2000:
1893:
1212:
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1500:
2601:
1517:
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Ruptly, a subsidiary of RT that specializes in video, has 230,000 likes on Facebook, 52,000 Twitter followers, and 304,000 YouTube subscribers in the UK.
540:
1819:
1604:
3082:
2362:
1762:
330:
1723:
287:
278:" after it being shared with an inaccurate caption on social media by far-right personality Ian Miles Cheong and then conservative politicians. The
159:
3067:
1632:
1518:"Production Company Registers Under the Foreign Agent Registration Act as Agent for the Russian Government Entity Responsible for Broadcasting RT"
1413:
1393:
The pages are run by Maffick Media, a company whose majority stakeholder is Ruptly, a subsidiary of RT, which is funded by the Russian government.
1547:
768:
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3062:
812:
2717:
2537:
2111:
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2139:Перечень системообразующих организаций, утвержденный Правительственной комиссией по повышению устойчивости развития российской экономики
294:
report in the wake of this incident found that Ruptly edited user-generated protest videos to highlight violence over peaceful protest.
1281:
Al-Rawi, Ahmed (12 February 2021). "How did Russian and Iranian trolls' disinformation toward Canadian issues diverge and converge?".
1025:
2115:
322:
3072:
2143:
1692:
1095:"With a mix of covert disinformation and blatant propaganda, foreign adversaries bear down on final phase of presidential campaign"
2747:
2168:
147:
2029:
2827:
1159:
337:
2479:
1915:
2415:
2232:
2329:
2777:
2446:
2265:
1056:"Emilia Seikkanen Worked in a Trendy Video Start-Up in Berlin – Tells All about the Kremlin's Global Information Operation"
411:
is seeking to reshape the way the world thinks about Russia. And it has been highly successful: Vladimir Putin has won the
2800:
2623:
980:[Two stringers of the Ruptly video agency were detained in Minsk, the owner of the service, RT TV channel, said.]
2862:
843:
193:
2063:
1468:
2679:
1155:"State, media and civil society in the information warfare over Ukraine: citizen curators of digital disinformation"
2925:
1885:
1249:
247:
1573:
1497:
2905:
2593:
804:
427:
1785:
3057:
435:
1375:
1168:
854:
397:
341:
2354:
1754:
901:
315:
562:
2918:
1855:"Big Lies and Rotten Herrings: 17 Kremlin Disinformation Techniques You Need to Know Now – Byline Times"
703:
311:
298:
254:
235:
186:
2108:"Archive of the official site of the 2008–2012 Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin"
1405:
1507:
The Association for International Broadcasting ( Posted on 4 April 2013). Retrieved 20 February 2014.
1150:
1127:
888:"Tech Tock...: Time is Running Out to Find Solutions to Mis- and Disinformation and Privacy Problems"
483:
196:, after the Russian government restricted news outlets from describing the military offensive as an
192:
Ruptly employees, including multiple staff members in senior positions, resigned in response to the
1663:"UAWire – Russia Today removes a fake video about New York 'Putin burger' from its YouTube channel"
1456:
1453:
1229:
1099:
463:
2709:
1310:
1290:
1264:
1241:
978:Двух стрингеров видеоагентства Ruptly задержали в Минске, сообщил владелец сервиса, телеканал RT.
897:
392:
379:
326:
267:
262:
2487:
2087:
1302:
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858:
808:
2205:
797:
2966:
2956:
2451:
1294:
1233:
1172:
991:
796:
471:
275:
271:
150:, the company faced a staff exodus. In January 2023, Toktosunova was sanctioned by Ukraine.
83:
79:
75:
996:"What is Ruptly? Julian Assange arrest video footage raises eyebrows about RT-owned outlet"
2941:
2519:
2237:
2107:
1969:"How a Bible burning in Portland reveals Russia's efforts to upend the 2020 U.S. election"
1504:
1090:
403:
According to a 2014 opinion article by four staff editors for the German news publication
354:
336:
Ruptly's organization also includes the Berlin-based subsidiary Redfish. According to the
171:
135:
97:
87:
2895:
1724:"Correction: Russian Media Outlet Claims Short Kerch Strait Ramming Video Was not Edited"
1213:"How can European states respond to Russian information warfare? An analytical framework"
769:"Russia Brings Syrians to The Hague to Make Underwhelming Case Chemical Attack Was Fake"
2992:
1154:
456:
404:
243:
227:
215:
2739:
2180:
1786:"As The Yellow Vests Torched Cars In Paris, Millions Watched At Home On Facebook Live"
3051:
1314:
1245:
887:
773:
627:
606:
585:
358:
1755:"How a Russian-owned media outlet landed the first video of Julian Assange's arrest"
301:. The video, which was taken during a wedding, had 4.9 million viewers on YouTube.
230:
alleged that Ruptly published a misleadingly edited video of an altercation between
2567:
1609:
1437:"Exclusive: Russian news agency in Berlin faces staff exodus over Ukraine invasion"
1374:
O'Sullivan, Donie; Griffin, Drew; Devine, Curt; Shubert, Atika (18 February 2019).
1086:
1051:
1000:
825:
741:"Exclusive: Russian news agency in Berlin faces staff exodus over Ukraine invasion"
519:
185:
for Best Live Event Coverage, for its footage from the impact and aftermath of the
182:
1237:
874:
RT, which owns Ruptly news agency, likes to post its raw footage of world events.
297:
Ruptly's most popular video on social media in 2020 was exclusive footage of the
2828:"Digiday nominates Ruptly for Video Team of the Year and Best Use of Live | AIB"
2300:"Digital warfare will erode the distinction between the state and civil society"
932:
366:
211:
167:
123:
2769:
2173:[The Russian government has adopted a list of backbone organizations].
1298:
3029:
412:
163:
162:
in July 2012, before officially launching operations on 4 April 2013. It is a
131:
2910:
2801:"Sky News, Joe Media and The Guardian win at the Digiday Media Awards Europe"
2491:
1943:"Video of Portland 'Bible burning' may have been Russian disinformation scam"
1306:
1186:
862:
2971:
2961:
2175:
442:
415:
war over Ukraine and the West is divided." The writers stated that only the
1605:"YouTube blocks RT and Sputnik as Russia tells media not to say "invasion""
218:'s birthday turned out to be fabricated. Ruptly removed the video from its
2480:"A Bible Burning, a Russian News Agency and a Story Too Good to Check Out"
1916:"A Bible Burning, a Russian News Agency and a Story Too Good to Check Out"
964:
466:
show Ruptly was the most-watched news agency on YouTube in 2020, topping
431:
362:
198:
2901:
2001:"Russian-backed sites keep targeting U.S. voters after Facebook actions"
1177:
28:
3013:
2805:
1853:
Kirillova, Kseniya; Jukes, Peter; Komarnyckyj, Stephen (4 March 2020).
1376:"Russia is backing a viral video company aimed at American millennials"
959:
745:
670:
648:
475:
420:
408:
350:
253:
During 2018 and 2019, Ruptly provided live coverage from France of the
231:
219:
143:
63:
2863:"Millions of Leftists Are Reposting Kremlin Misinformation by Mistake"
1581:
1548:"Ruptly inks deal with CCTV+ to boost business news coverage of China"
1820:"France Investigates Possible Russian Influence on Yellow Vest Riots"
698:
479:
467:
178:
127:
59:
2653:
2416:"Facebook Sued By Outlet Over "State-Controlled Media" Label – Tech"
1633:"High steaks: the Vladimir Putin birthday burger that never existed"
1055:
314:, to capture on-demand content at the scene of events. Ruptly takes
214:
about an American restaurant creating a special burger to celebrate
2057:
2055:
1841:
injured in the protests, far more than any other news organization.
1026:"RT's video agency Ruptly beats UK media to Julian Assange footage"
842:
Chobanyan, Karina (2020). Vartanova, Elena; Gladkova, Anna (eds.).
799:
Tyrants on Twitter: Protecting Democracies from Information Warfare
3035:
2976:
1345:"Company behind Grenfell YouTube film has links to Kremlin – News"
962:[Two stringers of video agency Ruptly detained in Minsk].
2447:"Russian Influence Peddlers Carving Out New Audiences on Fringes"
2266:"Russian Influence Peddlers Carving Out New Audiences on Fringes"
928:"Russia Uses State Television to Sway Opinion at Home and Abroad"
1457:
https://www.opensanctions.org/entities/NK-9UYTAsgNAmGt8CRFBTMBf2
844:"Up for a challenge? Digital practices of 24-hour news channels"
344:, Redfish is aimed at the political left and African Americans.
181:
to open up access to China news coverage. In May 2021, it won a
2914:
2233:"Grassroots' Media Startup Redfish Is Supported by the Kremlin"
2170:Правительство РФ приняло перечень системообразующих организаций
1498:"RT launches 'RUPTLY' – full-service global video news agency,"
158:
Ruptly joined the German Commercial Register as a Berlin-based
2710:"Best Multi-Platform Campaign in Social Media – Shorty Awards"
1380:
1060:
416:
383:
291:
2524:
The Opinion-Makers: How Russia Is Winning the Propaganda War
2386:"Facebook restores previously suspended Russia-linked pages"
1123:"Facebook restores previously suspended Russia-linked pages"
565:
400:, have accused Ruptly of pandering to far-right extremists.
331:
list of core organizations of strategic importance of Russia
177:
In February 2021, it signed a deal with Chinese state-owned
142:
and is the major shareholder of the digital content company
126:
video news agency specializing in video-on-demand, based in
2568:"The communist soldier using charity sites to fund his war"
242:
In April 2019, Ruptly provided exclusive video coverage of
2740:"Best use of Storytelling in Social Media – Shorty Awards"
960:"В Минске задержаны двое стрингеров видеоагентства Ruptly"
407:, "With the help of news services like RT and Ruptly, the
382:
demographic through its video promotion on social media.
2478:
Rosenberg, Matthew; Barnes, Julian E. (11 August 2020).
2889:
2030:"Report: Ruptly most watched news agency on YouTube"
1211:
Hellman, Maria; Wagnsson, Charlotte (3 April 2017).
441:
In 2019, Ruptly was criticised by browser extension
318:(UGC) via social media and its Ruptly Stringer app.
3022:
3001:
2985:
2949:
2594:"British Citizen Exposed as a Tool of Russia's FSB"
1574:"Ruptly: The Beirut Blast Live – The Shorty Awards"
893:
Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs
282:said the clip "appear to be one of the first viral
134:of the Russian state-controlled television network
108:
103:
93:
69:
53:
35:
1693:"Kremlin Denies Involvement in Nothingburger-Gate"
146:. Its chief executive is Dinara Toktosunova. Upon
2538:"War of Words: Meet the Texan Trolling for Putin"
1886:"Russia Deflects Blame for France's Yellow Vests"
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
2304:Global Current Affairs, Politics & Culture
1329:
1327:
2926:
2293:
2291:
1338:
1336:
8:
2330:"Maffick Media GmbH, Berlin – Credit Report"
1020:
1018:
723:
721:
719:
369:", which Maffick claim is a "false notice".
21:
2092:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2024:
2022:
2933:
2919:
2911:
2894:
2062:Jarrett2018-09-13T09:36:00+01:00, George.
1149:Golovchenko, Yevgeniy; Hartmann, Mareike;
27:
20:
1176:
270:protesters apparently burning a bible in
1469:"[Handelsregister] ★ HRB 140522"
734:
732:
730:
493:
1406:"Interview: Dinara Toktosunova, Ruptly"
715:
2770:"The Yellow Vests – The Shorty Awards"
2426:from the original on 26 September 2020
2355:"Russia's Network of Millennial Media"
2085:
16:Russian state-backed video news agency
2720:from the original on 25 November 2020
2604:from the original on 24 November 2020
2459:from the original on 26 November 2020
2200:
2198:
1896:from the original on 26 November 2020
1643:from the original on 17 February 2021
7:
2750:from the original on 16 January 2021
2680:"White Square 2020 Winners Revealed"
2396:from the original on 7 November 2020
2384:Birnbaum, Emily (25 February 2019).
2365:from the original on 16 January 2021
2310:from the original on 27 January 2021
2276:from the original on 15 January 2021
2245:from the original on 31 January 2019
2212:from the original on 22 October 2020
2040:from the original on 27 January 2021
1884:Echols, William (11 December 2018).
1865:from the original on 23 January 2021
1830:from the original on 18 January 2021
1796:from the original on 28 January 2021
1784:Broderick, Ryan (10 December 2018).
1734:from the original on 5 February 2021
1703:from the original on 4 December 2020
1528:from the original on 1 November 2020
1435:Escritt, Thomas (28 February 2022).
1355:from the original on 30 January 2021
1121:Birnbaum, Emily (25 February 2019).
739:Escritt, Thomas (28 February 2022).
2838:from the original on 2 October 2020
2690:from the original on 9 January 2021
2074:from the original on 3 October 2020
1765:from the original on 2 October 2020
1343:Moore, Matthew (10 February 2018).
210:In October 2017, a Ruptly-produced
2231:Davis, Charles (1 February 2018).
2064:"Interview: Matt Tabaccos, Ruptly"
1941:Graziosi, Graig (11 August 2020).
1673:from the original on 14 March 2021
1479:from the original on 19 March 2021
430:was banned from Ukraine. In 2015,
14:
2445:Seldin, Jeff (24 November 2020).
2264:Seldin, Jeff (24 November 2020).
2118:from the original on 3 March 2016
1967:Perry, Douglas (11 August 2020).
1631:Bennetts, Marc (9 October 2017).
1416:from the original on 8 March 2021
795:Sloss, David L. (12 April 2022).
3083:Russian propaganda organizations
2298:Mason, Paul (25 November 2020).
767:Mackey, Robert (27 April 2018).
323:economic crisis in December 2008
266:reported that a Ruptly video of
246:being forcibly removed from the
138:. Ruptly owns the media channel
2861:Gilbert, David (4 March 2022).
2780:from the original on 6 May 2019
2634:from the original on 9 May 2021
2359:Alliance For Securing Democracy
1722:Yarst, Nik (27 November 2018).
338:Alliance For Securing Democracy
329:included ANO TV-Novosti on its
274:, edited in a misleading way, "
3068:News agencies based in Germany
2592:Юркова, Ольга (15 July 2015).
2536:Smith, Sonia (21 March 2018).
1818:Bloomberg (10 December 2018).
1199:Today), Sputnik and Life News.
361:. In February 2019, Maffick's
1:
3078:Television channels in Russia
2799:Hayes, Melissa (9 May 2019).
1603:Brodkin, Jon (1 March 2022).
1238:10.1080/09662839.2017.1294162
234:and Russian ships during the
3063:German television news shows
2566:Bright, Sam (24 July 2017).
2179:(in Russian). Archived from
1753:Gold, Hadas (5 April 2019).
593:Best Multiplatform Campaign
148:Russia's invasion of Ukraine
2624:"NEW Webby Gallery + Index"
968:(in Russian). 9 August 2020
194:Russian invasion of Ukraine
3099:
1299:10.1057/s42984-020-00029-4
886:Cohen, Howard (May 2018).
638:Yellow Vests live streams
572:Interactive Brand Content
288:2020 presidential campaign
248:Embassy of Ecuador, London
2628:NEW Webby Gallery + Index
805:Stanford University Press
614:Best Use of Storytelling
426:In 2014, British vlogger
419:had more clips viewed on
26:
3073:Video on demand services
2169:
2138:
1503:12 November 2013 at the
635:Best Live News Coverage
617:Dyatlov Group's Journal
596:Dyatlov Group's Journal
575:Dyatlov Group's Journal
548:News Agency of the Year
530:Dyatlov Group's Journal
527:Best Data Visualisation
2944:(formerly Russia Today)
2518:2 December 2019 at the
2206:"Ruptly.tv – NewsGuard"
2034:advanced-television.com
1169:Oxford University Press
855:Moscow State University
679:Video Team of the Year
390:Other sources, such as
353:had been founded by ex-
902:Harvard Kennedy School
490:Awards and nominations
452:
367:state-controlled media
316:user-generated content
284:Russian disinformation
187:2020 Beirut port blast
41:; 11 years ago
1552:www.filmfestivals.com
1412:. 13 September 2017.
1160:International Affairs
1151:Adler-Nissen, Rebecca
704:List of news agencies
447:
438:intelligence agency.
299:2020 Beirut explosion
236:Kerch Strait incident
226:On 27 November 2018,
2361:. 15 February 2019.
2334:www.firmenwissen.com
2112:Government of Russia
1524:. 13 November 2017.
1230:Taylor & Francis
1153:(1 September 2018).
255:yellow vest protests
2660:. 23 September 2020
2183:on 20 December 2013
2149:on 27 December 2008
2036:. 27 January 2021.
1669:. 10 October 2017.
1100:The Washington Post
563:White Square Awards
495:
130:, Germany. It is a
23:
2511:Spiegel May 2014
2484:The New York Times
1920:The New York Times
1699:. 9 October 2017.
1554:. 27 February 2021
1473:unternehmen24.info
1291:Palgrave Macmillan
1265:Charles University
1093:(21 August 2020).
898:Harvard University
494:
393:The New York Times
340:and UK journalist
327:Russian government
268:Black Lives Matter
263:The New York Times
71:Official language
3045:
3044:
1221:European Security
1178:10.1093/ia/iiy148
994:(11 April 2019).
992:Zara, Christopher
814:978-1-5036-3115-1
690:
689:
657:Best Use of Live
117:
116:
39:4 April 2013
3090:
3002:Other properties
2957:RT International
2935:
2928:
2921:
2912:
2902:Ruptly's channel
2898:
2893:
2892:
2890:Official website
2877:
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2774:shortyawards.com
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2744:shortyawards.com
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2714:shortyawards.com
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2527:
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2503:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2475:
2469:
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2464:
2452:Voice of America
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2422:. 31 July 2020.
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2270:Voice of America
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2202:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2148:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2091:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2026:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2007:. 9 October 2020
1997:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1922:. 11 August 2020
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1837:
1835:
1824:The Moscow Times
1815:
1809:
1808:
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1801:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1697:The Moscow Times
1689:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1580:. Archived from
1578:shortyawards.com
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1514:
1508:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1465:
1459:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1321:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1262:
1260:
1255:on 23 April 2021
1254:
1248:. Archived from
1217:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1195:
1193:
1180:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1091:Nakashima, Ellen
1083:
1077:
1076:
1070:
1068:
1054:(6 March 2021).
1048:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1022:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1008:
988:
982:
981:
975:
973:
956:
950:
949:
943:
941:
924:
918:
917:
911:
909:
883:
877:
876:
871:
869:
848:
839:
833:
832:
823:
821:
802:
792:
786:
785:
783:
781:
764:
758:
757:
755:
753:
736:
725:
508:Project/service
496:
472:Associated Press
462:Statistics from
272:Portland, Oregon
260:In August 2020,
168:state-controlled
113:
110:
49:
47:
42:
31:
24:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3058:RT (TV network)
3048:
3047:
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3018:
2997:
2981:
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2884:
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2855:Further reading
2852:
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2825:
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2811:
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2783:
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2738:
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2723:
2721:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2693:
2691:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2663:
2661:
2654:"The AIBs 2020"
2652:
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2647:
2637:
2635:
2622:
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2617:
2607:
2605:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2576:
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2565:
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2560:
2546:
2544:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2520:Wayback Machine
2510:
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2297:
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2258:
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2238:The Daily Beast
2230:
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2196:
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2043:
2041:
2028:
2027:
2020:
2010:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1951:
1949:
1947:The Independent
1940:
1939:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1914:
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1909:
1899:
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1883:
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1878:
1868:
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1817:
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1630:
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1615:
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1602:
1601:
1597:
1587:
1585:
1584:on 27 July 2021
1572:
1571:
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1555:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1531:
1529:
1522:www.justice.gov
1516:
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1505:Wayback Machine
1496:
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1191:
1189:
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1120:
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1105:
1103:
1085:
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1080:
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1050:
1049:
1045:
1035:
1033:
1032:. 11 April 2019
1024:
1023:
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1004:
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989:
985:
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958:
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939:
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926:
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905:
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867:
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840:
836:
819:
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815:
794:
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789:
779:
777:
766:
765:
761:
751:
749:
738:
737:
728:
717:
712:
695:
505:Category/award
492:
428:Graham Phillips
375:
307:
208:
166:of the Russian
156:
107:
86:
82:
78:
72:
58:
45:
43:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3096:
3094:
3086:
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3080:
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3070:
3065:
3060:
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3033:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2993:RT Documentary
2989:
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2882:External links
2880:
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2584:
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2526:, 30 May 2014.
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1890:POLYGRAPH.info
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1728:POLYGRAPH.info
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457:Alexei Navalny
405:Spiegel Online
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244:Julian Assange
228:Polygraph.info
216:Vladimir Putin
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206:Notable videos
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2019:
2006:
2002:
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1087:Harris, Shane
1082:
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1052:Aro, Jessikka
1047:
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1030:Press Gazette
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936:. 30 May 2014
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774:The Intercept
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607:Shorty Awards
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122:is a Russian
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57:Lennéstraße 1
56:
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38:
34:
30:
25:
19:
3008:
2870:. Retrieved
2866:
2840:. Retrieved
2831:
2822:
2810:. Retrieved
2804:
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2782:. Retrieved
2773:
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2752:. Retrieved
2743:
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2722:. Retrieved
2713:
2704:
2692:. Retrieved
2684:arabadonline
2683:
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2662:. Retrieved
2657:
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2636:. Retrieved
2627:
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2606:. Retrieved
2597:
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2575:. Retrieved
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2541:
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2428:. Retrieved
2419:
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2389:
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2367:. Retrieved
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2337:. Retrieved
2333:
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2312:. Retrieved
2303:
2278:. Retrieved
2269:
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2247:. Retrieved
2236:
2226:
2214:. Retrieved
2185:. Retrieved
2181:the original
2174:
2163:
2151:. Retrieved
2144:the original
2132:
2120:. Retrieved
2102:
2076:. Retrieved
2067:
2042:. Retrieved
2033:
2009:. Retrieved
2004:
1976:. Retrieved
1972:
1962:
1950:. Retrieved
1946:
1936:
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1667:uawire.org
1647:27 January
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1036:21 October
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413:propaganda
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