173:
in 1941, making her the first
African-American woman to have reached this achievement. Lloyd worked on the faculty of medicine at Howard University from 1942 to 1977. She married physician Sterling Morrison Lloyd in 1939, and they had three children: Marilyn, Sterling and David. She died of cancer in
288:
Ruth Smith married
Sterling Morrison Lloyd on December 30, 1939. He was a physician who also graduated from Howard University, and died in 1980. Lloyd had three children and eight grandchildren. In retirement, she was active in the All-Souls Unitarian Church, helped found the
31:
260:
in
Virginia from 1941 to 1942, and then joined the medical faculty of Howard University in 1942. Lloyd worked at Howard until her retirement in 1977. She taught physiology and anatomy, reaching the rank of associate professor in 1955. Her areas of research were
269:. Lloyd also chaired the university's Committee on Student Guidance and was director of the Academic Reinforcement Program. From 1947, the Department of Anatomy in which she worked was chaired by William Montague Cobb.
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205:, which was then a mostly white institution. Her choice of college was reportedly influenced by the experience of her brother-in-law,
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194:. She had two sisters named Hilda B, and M Otwiner. She was the youngest child. Lloyd attended the prestigious, historically black,
228:. She had planned on becoming a school teacher, but was encouraged to undertake further study. Lloyd gained a fellowship from the
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244:, and the vaginal smear technique, becoming the first African-American woman to gain a PhD in anatomy with her dissertation,
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Lloyd, Ruth Smith; Rubenstein, Boris B (1941). "Multipla ova in the follicles of juvenile monkeys".
225:
556:"Black medical pioneers: African-American 'firsts' in academic and organized medicine. Part three"
639:"The vaginal smear technique a critical review of its present status in the practice of medicine"
625:
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Lloyd, Ruth Smith (1951). "Ovarian changes in immature rabbits induced by equine gonadotrophin".
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161:(January 17, 1917 – February 5, 1995) was a 20th-century scientist whose research focused on
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on
January 17, 1917. Her parents were Mary Elizabeth (Morris) Smith, who was a clerk in the
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to growth, and the female sex cycle. She earned a PhD in the field of anatomy from
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in 1987, and was a member of the social and service organization, Girl
Friends.
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Photos of the Howard
Department of Anatomy, including Ruth Smith Lloyd in
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From 1937 to 1938, Lloyd studied for a master's degree in zoology at
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Lloyd died of cancer at home in
Washington on February 5, 1995.
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and undertook doctoral studies under Boris
Rubenstein at
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First
African-American woman to earn a PhD in anatomy.
595:(PhD thesis). Cleveland OH: Western Case University.
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773:African Americans in science, math, and invention
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696:International encyclopedia of women scientists
554:Epps, C H; Johnson, D G; Vaughan, A L (1993).
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897:Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.) alumni
794:Black women scientists in the United States
745:"William Montague Cobb MD PhD (1904-1990)"
29:
18:
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932:20th-century African-American scientists
592:Adolescence of macaques (Macacus rhesus)
246:Adolescence of macaques (Macacus rhesus)
813:"Ruth Smith Lloyd, Howard U. Professor"
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887:20th-century American women scientists
877:Case Western Reserve University alumni
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190:, and Bradley Donald Smith, who was a
770:Spangenburg, Ray; Moser, Kit (2003).
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291:National Museum of Women in the Arts
276:honorary scientific society and the
927:20th-century African-American women
521:"The Howard Department of Anatomy"
278:American Association of Anatomists
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937:African-American women scientists
224:supported by a fellowship, under
892:20th-century American scientists
722:Sammons, Vivian Ovelton (1990).
365:Epps, Johnson & Vaughan 1993
240:. She studied the fertility of
797:. Bloomington IN: Indiana UP.
725:Blacks in science and medicine
1:
902:Mount Holyoke College alumni
882:People from Washington, D.C.
431:Spangenburg & Moser 2003
306:Timeline of women in science
265:, sex-related hormones, and
833:a history of the department
693:Oakes, Elizabeth H (2002).
467:Lloyd & Rubenstein 1941
953:
917:Hampton University faculty
743:Sampson, Calvin C (1991).
637:Lloyd, Ruth Smith (1952).
589:Lloyd, Ruth Smith (1941).
234:Western Reserve University
171:Western Reserve University
98:Western Reserve University
912:Howard University faculty
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922:American women academics
907:Howard University alumni
178:Early life and education
862:20th-century anatomists
182:Ruth Smith was born in
686:10.1210/endo-29-6-1008
188:US Treasury Department
165:, the relationship of
791:Warren, Wini (1999).
614:10.1002/ar.1091090303
602:The Anatomical Record
213:in 1937, majoring in
207:William Montague Cobb
203:Mount Holyoke College
88:Mount Holyoke College
398:Washington Post 1995
272:She was a member of
852:American anatomists
226:Ernest Everett Just
819:. 9 February 1995.
519:Cobb, W M (1967).
196:Dunbar High School
776:. Facts On File.
699:. Facts on File.
258:Hampton Institute
222:Howard University
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144:Howard University
139:Hampton Institute
116:Scientific career
93:Howard University
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857:Women anatomists
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749:J Natl Med Assoc
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680:(6): 1008–1014.
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267:medical genetics
256:Lloyd taught at
159:Ruth Smith Lloyd
74:Washington, D.C.
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66:February 5, 1995
56:Washington, D.C.
52:January 17, 1917
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242:macaque monkeys
238:Cleveland, Ohio
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804:978-0253336033
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728:. Hemisphere.
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167:sex hormones
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132:Institutions
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68:(1995-02-05)
42:Ruth M Smith
872:1995 deaths
867:1917 births
837:Cobb (1967)
443:Warren 1999
846:Categories
491:Lloyd 1941
479:Lloyd 1952
324:Oakes 2002
312:References
48:1917-01-17
503:Cobb 1967
248:in 1941.
163:fertility
16:Zoologist
715:45835614
665:14908569
630:10909795
622:14819658
300:See also
274:Sigma Xi
762:2627008
656:2617095
582:8254696
573:2568213
547:4867381
538:2611414
512:Sources
215:zoology
126:Anatomy
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252:Career
174:1995.
122:Fields
626:S2CID
799:ISBN
778:ISBN
730:ISBN
711:OCLC
701:ISBN
661:PMID
618:PMID
578:PMID
543:PMID
63:Died
38:Born
757:PMC
682:doi
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236:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
