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White met ʻAbdu'l-Bahá in 1912 in
America, and again in 1920 when she went on pilgrimage to Haifa. When ʻAbdu'l-Bahá died in 1921, he left a will that designated Shoghi Effendi as the one that Baháʼís should turn to for guidance. It was this appointment that she opposed, and she went on to claim that
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During her time of opposition, White wrote several letters to the
National Spiritual Assembly of the Baháʼís of the United States and Canada objecting to Shoghi Effendi and the idea of Spiritual Assemblies. She wrote a letter to the
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Correspondence
Between the High Commissioner of Palestine and Ruth White, Concerning the Alleged Will and Testament of Sir ʻAbdul-Bahá ʻAbbas
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137:. New York: Universal Publishing Company, 132 E 65th Street, New York, 1944. Digitally republished, East Lansing, Mi.: H-Bahai, 2004.
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requesting that the
National Spiritual Assembly not be allowed to use the mail system, and she also wrote to the
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by Shoghi
Effendi, and was excommunicated sometime after 1926 when the extent of her opposition became clear.
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Baha'is in Exile: An
Account of Followers of Baha' U' llah Outside the Mainstream Baha'I Religion
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Baha'is in Exile, An
Account of Followers of Baha'u'llah Outside the Mainstream Baha'i Religion
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would never advocate for a hierarchy, much less the establishment of a "papacy".
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in an attempt to prove it was a forgery. Neither White nor
Mitchell could read
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the will was forged. Her claim was based in part on her belief that
293:. Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Baháʼí Publishing Trust. p. 21.
147:. Beverly Hills, California, USA: J.J. Little and Ives Company.
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116:. New York City, USA: J.J. Little and Ives Company.
263:. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. pp. 299–300.
129:. 11. Los Angeles, Calif. : White, 1932.
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238:. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. p. 347.
144:Abdul Baha's Questioned Will and Testament
347:20th-century American non-fiction writers
304:Ph.D, Vernon Elvin Johnson (2020-01-16).
121:ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's Alleged Will is Fraudulent
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72:with complaints about Shoghi Effendi.
290:Twenty-Five Years of the Guardianship
34:who became known for challenging the
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196:"All documents tagged "Ruth White""
372:American women non-fiction writers
82:Will and Testament of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
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134:Baháʼí Leads out of the Labyrinth
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236:The Covenant of Baháʼu'lláh
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18:Ruth White (Baháʼí author)
261:The Child of the Covenant
259:Taherzadeh, Adib (2000).
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310:. Dorrance Publishing.
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44:. She was designated a
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337:19th-century Bahá'ís
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382:20th-century deaths
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285:Rabbani, Ruhiyyih
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287:(1948).
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