503:
495:
433:, and Dartmouth had brought him to Jenkins, Secretary of State. Keeling's testimony was used at the trials of Walcott, Hone, Sidney, and Charles Bateman; and it earned him a pardon. It also started a lengthy process of incriminated persons confessing, in the hope of clemency. Using his brother, Keeling was able to get further direct evidence of conspiracy, and Jenkins brought in Rumsey and West, who told him what they knew, from 23 June; West had volunteered information via
264:
418:
190:
156:
370:
22:
472:
A royal declaration of the heinous nature of the plot was issued on 27 July. Many more were arrested. Although the principal conspirators were minor figures, and not directly concerned in the
Monmouth cabal, the court party made no distinction between the groups. The ministers involved may have known
323:
in his self-imposed exile of
November 1682. They then both returned to London and associated with West, who learned from Walcott of Shaftesbury's own plan for a general rebellion. Walcott went on to say that he would lead the attack on the royal guards, but he was another of the plotters who drew the
55:
to see horse races and were expected to make the return journey on 1 April 1683, but because there was a major fire in
Newmarket on 22 March (which destroyed half the town), the races were cancelled, and the King and the Duke returned to London early. As a result, the planned attack never took place.
440:
Thomas
Walcott was arrested on 8 July, and was the first conspirator to go to trial. A meeting of the plotters had been held at his house on 18 June; but rather than escape, he chose to write to Jenkins, with the offer of a full confession in return for a pardon. Among the plotters, John Row from
1333:
Burton ... delivered himself up to the government; and he gave information against
Fernley and Elizabeth Gaunt. They were brought to trial. The villain whose life they had preserved had the heart and the forehead to appear as the principal witness against them. They were convicted. Fernley was
182:. The "Rye House plotters", an extremist Whig group who are now named after this plot, allegedly adopted the plan out of a number of possibilities, having decided that it gave tactical advantages and could be carried out with a relatively small force operating with guns from good cover.
299:. There were discussions in the group around Monmouth in September 1682 of an uprising, having participants in common with the group around West. The "cabal" was later named as the "council of six", which took form after the Tory successes in summer 1682 in the struggle to control the
185:
The royal party were expected to make the journey on 1 April 1683, but there was a major fire in
Newmarket on 22 March, which destroyed half of the town. The races were cancelled, and the King and the Duke returned to London early. As a result, the planned attack never took place.
345:. In April 1683, some Scottish contacts of the Whigs arrived in London, as briefed by Smith, meeting Essex and Russell of the Monmouth cabal. They were under the impression that the matter concerned Carolina, or they gave that out as a pretext for their presence. They included
437:, on the 22nd. Over several days West explained the Rye House plot and his part in purchasing arms, supposed to be for America. He did little to incriminate the Monmouth group; his testimony was later used against Walcott and Sidney. West received a pardon in December 1684.
328:
in particular, there being disagreements about whether a republican or monarchical constitution should result from revolutionary measures. In May 1683 West and
Walcott discussed with a larger group the prospects for raising a force of several thousand men around London.
63:
were being entertained by some opposition leaders in
England. The government cracked down hard on those in a series of state trials, accompanied with repressive measures and widespread searches for arms. The plot presaged, and may have hastened, the 1685
441:
Bristol was considered particularly unreliable, and he had a direct connection to the
Monmouth household to offer as information; a number of steps were taken to silence him, and his life was under threat more than once. After the meeting Nelthorpe and
193:
Rye House in an engraving from 1777. The gate across the road signifies the toll payable for use of the route. There were miscellaneous buildings on the large site, to the right of the road. The crenellated brick gatehouse dates from the 15th
207:
was widely debated from the early 1680s, on what was becoming the Whig side of the factional division of
British politics. The form it should take was uncertain, and discussions of the seizing of control of cities other than London, such as
212:, and a Scottish uprising, were in the air. The subsequent historiography of the Plot was largely partisan, and scholars are still clarifying who was closely involved in the planning of violent and revolutionary measures.
307:
for a military rebellion in Scotland. Smith in January 1683 was sent to contact supporters in Scotland, for the "six", with a view to summoning them to London; but apparently botched the mission by indiscretions.
460:
on 13 July, and began co-operating with the court. Among those later informing against Walcott was Zachary Bourne. Bourne was a conspirator, arrested trying to leave the country with the nonconformist ministers
874:
The final trial on the Rye House charges was that of Charles Bateman, in 1685. Witnesses against him were the conspirators Keeling, who had nothing specific to say, Thomas Lee, and Richard Goodenough. He was
353:, and William Carstares. The Earl of Argyll had left London for the Netherlands in August 1682 but kept in touch with Whig notables through couriers and ciphered correspondence. Two of them,
143:, leader of the opposition to Charles's rule, fled to Holland where Shaftesbury soon died. Many well-known members of Parliament and noblemen of the "country party" would soon be known as
59:
Historians vary in their assessment of the degree to which details of the conspiracy were finalised. Whatever the state of the assassination plot, plans to mount a rebellion against the
902:
Historians have suggested the story of the plot may have been largely manufactured by Charles or his supporters to allow the removal of most of his strongest political opponents.
279:, but when the plot was discovered, both had distanced themselves, Wildman by refusing to finance Rumbold in the purchase of arms and Rumbold by losing his earlier enthusiasm.
917:
Popular reaction to the Tories' reactive excesses, sometimes known as the "Stuart Revenge" though that term is contested, led to the discontent expressed decisively in the
178:. The plan was to conceal a force of men in the grounds of the house and ambush the King and the Duke as they passed by on their way back to London from the horse races at
131:. This left his opponents with no lawful method of preventing James's succession, and rumours of plots and conspiracies abounded. With the "country party" in disarray,
116:, he and his brother were known to have Catholic sympathies. These suspicions were confirmed in 1673 when James was discovered to have converted to Roman Catholicism.
1346:
140:
914:. Doreen Milne asserts that its importance lies less in what was actually plotted than in the public perception of it and the uses made of it by the government.
324:
line at assassination. During the spring of 1683 there were further contacts between the Monmouth cabal and West's group about drafting a manifesto, through
677:
599:
630:
625:
127:
was introduced in the House of Commons, which would have excluded James from the succession. Charles outmanoeuvred his opponents and dissolved the
836:
907:
827:
817:
382:
304:
1986:
1926:
886:
moved to Bremen in 1683. While he was there he became a central figure in a group of the erstwhile conspirators who were in political exile.
832:
767:
671:
657:
528:
445:
called on William Russell, Lord Russell, with an appeal to take up arms immediately; when Russell was unwilling, Nelthorpe left the country.
132:
887:
705:
642:
434:
1936:
Milne, Doreen J. (1951). "The Results of the Rye House Plot and Their Influence upon the Revolution of 1688: The Alexander Prize Essay".
743:
648:
260:, Christopher Battiscombe and Israel Hayes), of whom Ayloffe was certainly implicated in the Rye House Plot, leaving Locke vulnerable.
737:
256:
had arranged accommodation for West in Oxford at that time and had other associations in the group of revolutionary activists (Smith,
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1431:
911:
841:
761:
755:
662:
507:
430:
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1699:
1672:
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1618:
1591:
1564:
1544:
1523:
1470:
1443:
894:". Waller would accompany William of Orange to England in 1688 but William chose to overlook him when his government was formed.
890:, the English ambassador at Paris, called him "the governor" and wrote that "They style Waller, by way of commendation, a second
792:
469:, who was prepared to help recruiting for an uprising. On 6 July the arrest of Lobb was ordered, and he was picked up in August.
1500:
The History of Party: From the Rise of the Whig and Tory Factions, in the Reign of Charles II, to the Passing of the Reform Bill
609:
386:
2237:
2217:
550:
337:
The interpretation of actual Whig intentions at this time is complicated by colonial schemes in America. West had a stake in
681:
595:
394:
312:
109:
864:, a charitable Baptist matron, and John Fernley, a poor barber in Whitechapel, whose only crimes were helping his escape.
685:
667:
2072:
1090:
565:
1048:
The "council of six" comprised Monmouth, Sidney, Lord Russell, the Earl of Essex, Howard of Escrick, and John Hampden (
112:, was widespread, and focused particular attention on the succession to the English throne. While Charles was publicly
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1094:
1086:
876:
773:
722:
701:
532:
442:
350:
731:
316:
1513:
860:
James Burton – present when the assassination was discussed by his accomplices, he escaped punishment by accusing
354:
291:
favoured a rebellion rather than an assassination, aligning much of the West group's discussion with the plans of
883:
696:
429:, and the plot was publicly discovered 12 June 1683. Keeling had contacted a courtier, who put him in touch with
311:
In fact West's contacts with the Monmouth cabal, and knowledge of their intentions, were in part quite indirect.
245:
502:
249:
2212:
163:
128:
25:
498:
Sir Thomas Armstrong was among those hanged, drawn and quartered for high treason in connection with the plot
2222:
2207:
691:
653:
465:, for whom an arrest warrant was issued on 27 June, and Walter Cross; he informed against another minister,
855:
374:
221:
1534:
1495:
688:'s and Russell's houses, which mainly led to Russell's conviction. His evidence similarly ruined Sidney.
571:
136:
85:
40:
494:
481:, a Church of Scotland minister and intermediary with the Whig grandees, was found in Kent on 23 July.
524:
406:
378:
342:
325:
918:
560:
426:
346:
93:
88:
in 1660 there was concern among some members of Parliament, former republicans and sections of the
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44:
2051:
263:
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2017:
1961:
1953:
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903:
849:
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144:
65:
52:
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69:
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1997:
1982:
1978:
1922:
1918:
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805:
577:
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105:
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2009:
1945:
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1839:
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1731:
1704:
1677:
1650:
1623:
1596:
1569:
1475:
1448:
1415:
204:
1555:
Secrets of the Kingdom: British Radicals from the Popish Plot to the Revolution of 1688–89
891:
861:
605:
586:
556:
402:
292:
241:
175:
60:
29:
456:
which was a leading anti-Catholic and Whig paper of the time; Care ceased publishing the
295:, in particular, and the more aristocratic country party members making up the so-called
906:
cites as proof that there was a plot in 1683, the 1685 armed rebellions of the fugitive
417:
189:
1102:
845:
779:
726:
377:, and comprising seven portraits of figures of the Plot all of whom were dead by 1685 (
358:
300:
124:
867:
John Rumsey – arrested on suspicion of complicity; saved himself by accusing alderman
21:
2201:
2168:
2021:
1965:
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1797:
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1743:
1716:
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1662:
1635:
1608:
1581:
1487:
1460:
369:
2077:. Vol. V: The age of Louis XIV. Cambridge University Press Archive. p.
1321:
474:
410:
338:
320:
237:
120:
48:
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1897:
1843:
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1479:
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2057:
1870:
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1518:
1452:
749:
512:
449:
253:
203:
The conspirators of this period were numerous, and the resort to some sort of
89:
1627:
220:
The assassination plot centred on a group that was convened in 1682–1683 by
167:
2071:
Ward, Sir Adolphus William; Prothero, G.W.; Leathes, Stanley, eds. (1908).
113:
97:
1957:
209:
425:
News of the plot leaked when Josiah Keeling gave information on it to
92:
population of England that the King's relationship with France under
2000:(1985). "William, Lord Russell: The Making of a Martyr, 1683–1983".
1949:
2013:
1318:
he History of England from the Accession of James the Second (1848)
170:, Hertfordshire, was a fortified mediaeval mansion surrounded by a
1670:
Greaves, Richard L. (2004e). "Campbell, Sir George, of Cessnock".
501:
493:
416:
368:
262:
188:
154:
2185:
Salmon, J.H.M. (1954). "Algernon Sidney and the Rye House Plot".
2066:. Vol. 49. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 480–485.
1915:
Intelligence and Espionage in the Reign of Charles II, 1660–1685
795:– Cut his own throat in the Tower of London while awaiting trial
171:
267:
Account of Rye House, from the official history of the Plot by
1420:
Revolutionary Politics and Locke's Two Treatises of Government
589:– Hanged, drawn and quartered for subsequent participation in
540:– Hanged, drawn and quartered for subsequent participation in
236:. West had participated in one of the cases that wound up the
174:. The house was leased by a republican and Civil War veteran,
2147:
Milton, Philip (2000). "John Locke and the Rye House Plot".
1548:. Vol. 30. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 300.
1527:. Vol. 59. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 135.
473:
Ferguson but not West; Meade had sheltered the Covenanter
421:
Title page of Thomas Sprat's official account of the Plot.
477:, and may well have known of the plans for a rebellion.
252:, both to be plotters though aside from the main group.
1334:
sentenced to the gallows, Elizabeth Gaunt to the stake.
1251:
1249:
844:, Charles' illegitimate son – Obliged to retire to the
159:
Route from Newmarket to London in 1683, past Rye House.
1032:
1030:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1176:
1174:
2034:
The Ingenious Mr. Henry Care, Restoration Publicist
1724:Greaves, Richard L. (2004g). "Nelthorpe, Richard".
1049:
961:
959:
957:
824:
in 1685, although on an earlier 1681 treason charge
680:, was arrested and turned informer at the trial of
303:. A significant aspect was the intention to employ
1973:Parry, <Leonard A.; Wright, Willard H. (2000).
1616:Greaves, Richard L. (2004c). "Armstrong, Thomas".
1562:Greaves, Richard L. (2004a). "Wildman, Sir John".
1643:Greaves, Richard L. (2004d). "Holloway, James".
1589:Greaves, Richard L. (2004b). "Walcott, Thomas".
244:. Through that association he made contact with
1751:Greaves, Richard L. (2004h). "Meade, Matthew".
1441:Clarke, Tristram (2004). "Carstares, William".
1859:Krey, Gary S. de (2004a). "College, Stephen".
1778:Greaves, Richard L. (2004i). "Lobb, Stephen".
119:In 1681, triggered by the opposition-invented
1886:Krey, Gary S. de (2004b). "Keeling, Josiah".
684:(July 1683). He gave accounts of meetings at
8:
2119:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2092:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1938:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
1892:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1865:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1838:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1811:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1784:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1757:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1730:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1703:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1676:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1649:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1622:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1595:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1568:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1474:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1447:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
615:Thomas Walcott – Hanged, drawn and quartered
1468:Clifton, Robin (2004). "Rumbold, Richard".
1359:
1345:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
678:William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Escrick
2113:Zook, Melinda (2004b). "Holmes, Abraham".
1697:Greaves, Richard L. (2004f). "Row, John".
910:and Charles' Protestant illegitimate son,
341:. Shaftesbury was heavily involved in the
275:Rumbold was introduced to West's group by
1303:
1240:
373:Late 17th-century composite engraving by
43:and his brother (and heir to the throne)
16:Plan to assassinate Charles II of England
1267:
1255:
1228:
1216:
1150:
1138:
1114:
1073:
1036:
1021:
1001:
989:
948:
936:
626:Charles Gerard, 1st Earl of Macclesfield
583:John Rouse – Hanged, drawn and quartered
409:, whose unexplained death triggered the
20:
2116:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2089:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2086:Zook, Melinda (2004a). "West, Robert".
1889:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1862:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1835:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1808:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1805:Harris, Tim (2004). "Spence, William".
1781:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1754:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1727:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1700:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1673:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1646:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1619:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1592:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1565:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1471:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1444:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1422:. Princeton University Press. pp.
1387:
1192:
1061:
1005:
929:
602:– Beheaded; remembered as a Whig martyr
240:allegations, that of the false witness
39:of 1683 was a plan to assassinate King
1917:. Cambridge University Press. p.
1832:Hopkins, Paul (2004). "Smith, Aaron".
1338:
1291:
1162:
882:Having fled abroad the previous year,
828:James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount of Stair
818:Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll
305:Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll
1502:. Vol. 1. John Macrone. p.
1399:
1371:
1279:
1180:
1166:
1126:
977:
965:
768:George Melville, 1st Earl of Melville
620:Sentenced to death but later pardoned
7:
2053:"Russell, William (1639–1683)"
1204:
643:Sir Samuel Barnardiston, 1st Baronet
435:Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester
2050:Ward, Sir Adolphus William (1897).
1322:"1685: Elizabeth Gaunt, for refuge"
744:Patrick Hume, 1st Earl of Marchmont
649:Henry Booth, 1st Earl of Warrington
319:had accompanied Shaftesbury to the
232:member: it is now often called the
2178:England in the Reign of Charles II
1378:. 7th Rep. pp. 296, 311, 347, 386.
740:– Escaped from the Tower to France
738:Ford Grey, 3rd Baron Grey of Werke
14:
2180:. Vol. 22. pp. 646–50/.
2041:Thompson, Michael Welman (1987).
1050:Ward, Prothero & Leathes 1908
912:James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
848:; later beheaded for leading the
842:James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
762:David Melville, 3rd Earl of Leven
756:John Lovelace, 3rd Baron Lovelace
663:Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford
508:The Trial of William Lord Russell
431:George Legge, 1st Baron Dartmouth
333:Scottish and American connections
2063:Dictionary of National Biography
1545:Dictionary of National Biography
1524:Dictionary of National Biography
1514:"Waller, William (d.1699)"
793:Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex
631:Charles Gerard, Viscount Brandon
199:The Rye House and other plotters
100:rulers of Europe was too close.
1511:Firth, Charles Harding (1899).
610:Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
1085:Including Francis Goodenough,
413:allegations against Catholics.
361:, were arrested in June 1683.
1:
2045:. Cambridge University Press.
682:William Russell, Lord Russell
596:William Russell, Lord Russell
568:– Hanged, drawn and quartered
553:– Hanged, drawn and quartered
551:Sheriff of the City of London
395:William Russell, Lord Russell
147:, a faction name that stuck.
2133:UK public library membership
2106:UK public library membership
2074:The Cambridge Modern History
1906:UK public library membership
1879:UK public library membership
1852:UK public library membership
1825:UK public library membership
1798:UK public library membership
1771:UK public library membership
1744:UK public library membership
1717:UK public library membership
1690:UK public library membership
1663:UK public library membership
1636:UK public library membership
1609:UK public library membership
1582:UK public library membership
1557:. Stanford University Press.
1553:Greaves, Richard L. (1992).
1488:UK public library membership
1461:UK public library membership
776:– Fled to the Dutch Republic
770:– Fled to the Dutch Republic
764:– Fled to the Dutch Republic
758:– Fled to the Dutch Republic
752:– Fled to the Dutch Republic
746:– Fled to the Dutch Republic
734:– Fled to the Dutch Republic
104:sentiment, which associated
47:. The royal party went from
877:hanged, drawn and quartered
835:, Member of Parliament for
704:, Member of Parliament for
670:, Member of Parliament for
656:, Member of Parliament for
598:, Member of Parliament for
533:Hanged, drawn and quartered
527:, Member of Parliament for
2254:
2002:Journal of British Studies
1975:Some Famous Medical Trials
2161:10.1017/S0018246X99001144
2043:The Decline of the Castle
28:in a 1793 watercolour by
2228:History of Hertfordshire
1977:. Beard Books. pp.
1532:Goodwin, Gordon (1892).
782:– Fled to Dutch Republic
166:, located north-east of
26:Rye House, Hertfordshire
1913:Marshall, Alan (2003).
1535:"Keeling, Josiah"
1360:Parry & Wright 2000
2149:The Historical Journal
2125:10.1093/ref:odnb/13588
2098:10.1093/ref:odnb/39674
1898:10.1093/ref:odnb/15242
1844:10.1093/ref:odnb/25765
1817:10.1093/ref:odnb/67376
1790:10.1093/ref:odnb/16878
1763:10.1093/ref:odnb/18466
1736:10.1093/ref:odnb/19891
1709:10.1093/ref:odnb/67384
1682:10.1093/ref:odnb/67392
1655:10.1093/ref:odnb/13574
1601:10.1093/ref:odnb/67375
1574:10.1093/ref:odnb/29405
1496:Cooke, George Wingrove
1480:10.1093/ref:odnb/24269
520:
499:
422:
414:
287:Cabal members such as
272:
195:
160:
84:of the monarchy under
32:
2238:Charles II of England
2218:Rebellions in England
1871:10.1093/ref:odnb/5906
1453:10.1093/ref:odnb/4777
1374:, p. 135 cites:
572:Baillie of Jerviswood
505:
497:
420:
372:
365:Informers and arrests
266:
192:
158:
41:Charles II of England
24:
2176:Ogg, David. (1936).
2081:. GGKEY:4G4XE5DASWR.
1628:10.1093/ref:odnb/665
674:– Also fined £40,000
525:Sir Thomas Armstrong
407:Edmund Berry Godfrey
379:Sir Thomas Armstrong
343:Province of Carolina
326:Sir Thomas Armstrong
271:(2nd edition, 1685).
1362:, pp. 211–212.
1320:(23 October 2018).
919:Glorious Revolution
645:– Also fined £6,000
561:Burned at the stake
452:, publisher of the
427:Sir Leoline Jenkins
357:(alias Butler) and
347:Sir George Campbell
45:James, Duke of York
2030:Schwoerer, Lois G.
1998:Schwoerer, Lois G.
1402:, pp. 91–108.
1087:Richard Goodenough
884:Sir William Waller
850:Monmouth Rebellion
702:Sir John Trenchard
521:
500:
423:
415:
283:The uprising plans
273:
196:
161:
66:Monmouth Rebellion
33:
2131:(Subscription or
2104:(Subscription or
1988:978-1-58798-031-2
1928:978-0-521-52127-7
1904:(Subscription or
1877:(Subscription or
1850:(Subscription or
1823:(Subscription or
1796:(Subscription or
1769:(Subscription or
1742:(Subscription or
1715:(Subscription or
1688:(Subscription or
1661:(Subscription or
1634:(Subscription or
1607:(Subscription or
1580:(Subscription or
1486:(Subscription or
1459:(Subscription or
1416:Ashcraft, Richard
1316:Lord Macaulay's T
1306:, pp. 41–71.
833:Edward Hungerford
820:– Beheaded after
806:William Carstares
787:Committed suicide
723:Sir John Cochrane
578:Richard Nelthorpe
479:William Carstares
289:Richard Nelthorpe
230:Green Ribbon Club
129:Oxford Parliament
106:Roman Catholicism
2245:
2194:
2181:
2172:
2136:
2128:
2109:
2101:
2082:
2067:
2055:
2046:
2037:
2025:
1992:
1969:
1932:
1909:
1901:
1882:
1874:
1855:
1847:
1828:
1820:
1801:
1793:
1774:
1766:
1747:
1739:
1720:
1712:
1693:
1685:
1666:
1658:
1639:
1631:
1612:
1604:
1585:
1577:
1558:
1549:
1537:
1528:
1516:
1507:
1491:
1483:
1464:
1456:
1437:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1344:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1169:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1112:
1106:
1083:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1025:
1019:
1008:
999:
993:
987:
981:
975:
969:
963:
952:
946:
940:
934:
711:Sir John Wildman
399:Duke of Monmouth
205:armed resistance
141:Lord Shaftesbury
2253:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2213:1683 in England
2198:
2197:
2184:
2175:
2146:
2143:
2141:Further reading
2130:
2112:
2103:
2085:
2070:
2049:
2040:
2028:
1996:
1989:
1972:
1950:10.2307/3678564
1935:
1929:
1912:
1903:
1885:
1876:
1858:
1849:
1831:
1822:
1804:
1795:
1777:
1768:
1750:
1741:
1723:
1714:
1696:
1687:
1669:
1660:
1642:
1633:
1615:
1606:
1588:
1579:
1561:
1552:
1531:
1510:
1494:
1485:
1467:
1458:
1440:
1434:
1414:
1411:
1406:
1398:
1394:
1386:
1382:
1376:Hist. MSS. Comm
1370:
1366:
1358:
1354:
1337:
1326:
1324:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1302:
1298:
1290:
1286:
1278:
1274:
1266:
1262:
1254:
1247:
1239:
1235:
1227:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1203:
1199:
1191:
1187:
1179:
1172:
1161:
1157:
1149:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1125:
1121:
1113:
1109:
1084:
1080:
1072:
1068:
1060:
1056:
1047:
1043:
1035:
1028:
1020:
1011:
1000:
996:
988:
984:
976:
972:
964:
955:
947:
943:
935:
931:
927:
904:Richard Greaves
900:
862:Elizabeth Gaunt
822:Argyll's Rising
814:
802:
789:
732:Robert Ferguson
719:
639:
622:
606:Algernon Sidney
591:Argyll's Rising
587:Richard Rumbold
557:Elizabeth Gaunt
542:Argyll's Rising
492:
487:
405:), with one of
403:Algernon Sidney
367:
335:
317:Robert Ferguson
293:Algernon Sidney
285:
242:Stephen College
234:Rye House cabal
218:
201:
176:Richard Rumbold
153:
78:
70:Argyll's Rising
61:Stuart monarchy
30:J. M. W. Turner
17:
12:
11:
5:
2251:
2249:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2223:Stuart England
2220:
2215:
2210:
2208:Rye House Plot
2200:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2182:
2173:
2155:(3): 647–668.
2142:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2110:
2083:
2068:
2047:
2038:
2036:. p. 226.
2026:
2014:10.1086/385824
1994:
1987:
1970:
1933:
1927:
1910:
1883:
1856:
1829:
1802:
1775:
1748:
1721:
1694:
1667:
1640:
1613:
1586:
1559:
1550:
1529:
1508:
1492:
1465:
1438:
1432:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1392:
1380:
1364:
1352:
1319:
1308:
1304:Schwoerer 1985
1296:
1284:
1272:
1260:
1245:
1243:, p. 226.
1241:Schwoerer 2001
1233:
1221:
1209:
1207:, p. 483.
1197:
1185:
1170:
1155:
1153:, p. 354.
1143:
1131:
1129:, p. 260.
1119:
1107:
1103:Nathaniel Wade
1091:James Holloway
1078:
1066:
1054:
1041:
1026:
1009:
994:
992:, p. 376.
982:
970:
953:
951:, p. 291.
941:
928:
926:
923:
908:Earl of Argyll
899:
896:
872:
871:
865:
858:
853:
846:Dutch Republic
839:
830:
825:
813:
810:
809:
808:
801:
798:
797:
796:
788:
785:
784:
783:
780:Nathaniel Wade
777:
771:
765:
759:
753:
747:
741:
735:
729:
727:Dutch Republic
725:– Fled to the
718:
715:
714:
713:
708:
699:
694:
689:
675:
665:
660:
651:
646:
638:
635:
634:
633:
628:
621:
618:
617:
616:
613:
603:
593:
584:
581:
575:
569:
566:James Holloway
563:
554:
544:
535:
491:
488:
486:
483:
454:Weekly Pacquet
448:Walcott named
383:Earl of Argyll
366:
363:
359:Abraham Holmes
355:William Spence
334:
331:
301:City of London
297:Monmouth cabal
284:
281:
217:
216:The West cabal
214:
200:
197:
152:
149:
125:Exclusion Bill
96:and the other
77:
74:
37:Rye House Plot
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2250:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2192:
2188:
2187:History Today
2183:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2111:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2090:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1907:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1884:
1880:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1857:
1853:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1803:
1799:
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1787:
1783:
1782:
1776:
1772:
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1756:
1755:
1749:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1722:
1718:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1695:
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1683:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1668:
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1629:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1598:
1594:
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1575:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1466:
1462:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1439:
1435:
1433:0-691-10205-8
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1401:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1353:
1348:
1342:
1335:
1323:
1317:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1285:
1282:, p. 95.
1281:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1268:Greaves 2004i
1264:
1261:
1257:
1256:Greaves 2004h
1252:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1229:Greaves 2004g
1225:
1222:
1218:
1217:Greaves 2004f
1213:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1198:
1195:, p. 300
1194:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1151:Ashcraft 1986
1147:
1144:
1140:
1139:Greaves 2004e
1135:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1115:Greaves 2004d
1111:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1095:Edward Norton
1092:
1088:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1074:Greaves 2004a
1070:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1037:Greaves 2004c
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:Greaves 2004b
1018:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:Greaves 2004a
998:
995:
991:
990:Ashcraft 1986
986:
983:
979:
974:
971:
967:
962:
960:
958:
954:
950:
949:Marshall 2003
945:
942:
939:, p. 87.
938:
937:Thompson 1987
933:
930:
924:
922:
920:
915:
913:
909:
905:
897:
895:
893:
889:
885:
880:
878:
870:
869:Henry Cornish
866:
863:
859:
857:
854:
851:
847:
843:
840:
838:
834:
831:
829:
826:
823:
819:
816:
815:
811:
807:
804:
803:
799:
794:
791:
790:
786:
781:
778:
775:
774:Edward Norton
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
728:
724:
721:
720:
716:
712:
709:
707:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
687:
683:
679:
676:
673:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
655:
652:
650:
647:
644:
641:
640:
636:
632:
629:
627:
624:
623:
619:
614:
611:
607:
604:
601:
597:
594:
592:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
562:
558:
555:
552:
548:
547:Henry Cornish
545:
543:
539:
536:
534:
530:
526:
523:
522:
518:
517:George Hayter
514:
510:
509:
504:
496:
489:
484:
482:
480:
476:
470:
468:
464:
463:Matthew Meade
459:
455:
451:
446:
444:
443:Edward Norton
438:
436:
432:
428:
419:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:Henry Cornish
388:
387:Earl of Essex
384:
380:
376:
371:
364:
362:
360:
356:
352:
351:John Cochrane
349:of Cessnock,
348:
344:
340:
332:
330:
327:
322:
318:
314:
313:Thomas Walcot
309:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
282:
280:
278:
270:
265:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
226:Middle Temple
223:
215:
213:
211:
206:
198:
191:
187:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
157:
150:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
133:Lord Melville
130:
126:
122:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
102:Anti-Catholic
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
75:
73:
71:
67:
62:
57:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
31:
27:
23:
19:
2190:
2186:
2177:
2152:
2148:
2114:
2087:
2073:
2061:
2042:
2033:
2008:(1): 41–71.
2005:
2001:
1974:
1941:
1937:
1914:
1887:
1860:
1833:
1806:
1779:
1752:
1725:
1698:
1671:
1644:
1617:
1590:
1563:
1554:
1543:
1522:
1499:
1469:
1442:
1419:
1395:
1388:Greaves 1992
1383:
1375:
1367:
1355:
1332:
1325:. Retrieved
1311:
1299:
1287:
1275:
1263:
1236:
1224:
1212:
1200:
1193:Goodwin 1892
1188:
1158:
1146:
1134:
1122:
1110:
1081:
1069:
1062:Hopkins 2004
1057:
1044:
1006:Clifton 2004
997:
985:
973:
944:
932:
916:
901:
888:Lord Preston
881:
873:
692:Matthew Mead
686:John Hampden
668:John Hampden
600:Bedfordshire
538:John Ayloffe
506:
471:
467:Stephen Lobb
457:
453:
447:
439:
424:
336:
310:
296:
286:
277:John Wildman
274:
269:Thomas Sprat
258:John Ayloffe
250:William Hone
233:
219:
202:
184:
162:
118:
79:
58:
36:
34:
18:
2058:Lee, Sidney
1540:Lee, Sidney
1519:Lee, Sidney
1390:, p. .
1292:Clarke 2004
1163:Harris 2004
1099:John Rumsey
898:Evaluations
717:Exiled/fled
697:Aaron Smith
475:John Nisbet
411:Popish Plot
375:John Savage
339:East Jersey
321:Netherlands
246:Aaron Smith
238:Popish Plot
222:Robert West
121:Popish Plot
82:Restoration
49:Westminster
2202:Categories
2193:: 698–705.
2135:required.)
2108:required.)
1944:: 91–108.
1908:required.)
1881:required.)
1854:required.)
1827:required.)
1800:required.)
1773:required.)
1746:required.)
1719:required.)
1692:required.)
1665:required.)
1638:required.)
1611:required.)
1584:required.)
1490:required.)
1463:required.)
1409:References
1400:Milne 1951
1372:Firth 1899
1280:Milne 1951
1181:Krey 2004b
1167:Zook 2004b
1127:Cooke 1836
978:Krey 2004a
966:Zook 2004a
837:Chippenham
812:Implicated
750:John Locke
654:Paul Foley
637:Imprisoned
612:– Beheaded
513:Old Bailey
450:Henry Care
254:John Locke
137:Lord Leven
110:absolutism
90:Protestant
86:Charles II
80:After the
76:Background
2233:Hoddesdon
2169:159890243
2022:154753214
1966:163191719
1205:Ward 1897
921:of 1688.
856:John Owen
608:, former
180:Newmarket
168:Hoddesdon
164:Rye House
94:Louis XIV
53:Newmarket
2032:(2001).
1498:(1836).
1418:(1986).
1341:cite web
1327:30 March
892:Cromwell
800:Tortured
672:Wendover
658:Hereford
580:– Hanged
574:– Hanged
529:Stafford
490:Executed
194:century.
151:The plot
114:Anglican
98:Catholic
2060:(ed.).
1958:3678564
1542:(ed.).
1521:(ed.).
852:in 1685
706:Taunton
519:, 1825.
511:at the
458:Pacquet
224:of the
210:Bristol
2167:
2129:
2102:
2020:
1985:
1981:–212.
1964:
1956:
1925:
1902:
1875:
1848:
1821:
1794:
1767:
1740:
1713:
1686:
1659:
1632:
1605:
1578:
1484:
1457:
1430:
1101:, and
485:Trials
401:, and
397:, the
385:, the
381:, the
139:, and
123:, the
2165:S2CID
2056:. In
2018:S2CID
1962:S2CID
1954:JSTOR
1940:. 5.
1538:. In
1517:. In
925:Notes
145:Whigs
108:with
1983:ISBN
1923:ISBN
1428:ISBN
1347:link
1329:2021
315:and
248:and
228:, a
172:moat
68:and
35:The
2157:doi
2121:doi
2094:doi
2079:229
2010:doi
1979:211
1946:doi
1919:291
1894:doi
1867:doi
1840:doi
1813:doi
1786:doi
1759:doi
1732:doi
1705:doi
1678:doi
1651:doi
1624:doi
1597:doi
1570:doi
1504:260
1476:doi
1449:doi
1424:376
51:to
2204::
2189:.
2163:.
2153:43
2151:.
2016:.
2006:24
2004:.
1960:.
1952:.
1921:.
1426:.
1343:}}
1339:{{
1331:.
1248:^
1173:^
1165:;
1097:,
1093:,
1089:,
1052:).
1029:^
1012:^
1004:;
956:^
879:.
559:–
549:,
531:–
515:.
393:,
389:,
135:,
72:.
2191:4
2171:.
2159::
2127:.
2123::
2100:.
2096::
2024:.
2012::
1993:;
1991:.
1968:.
1948::
1942:1
1931:.
1900:.
1896::
1873:.
1869::
1846:.
1842::
1819:.
1815::
1792:.
1788::
1765:.
1761::
1738:.
1734::
1711:.
1707::
1684:.
1680::
1657:.
1653::
1630:.
1626::
1603:.
1599::
1576:.
1572::
1506:.
1482:.
1478::
1455:.
1451::
1436:.
1349:)
1294:.
1270:.
1258:.
1231:.
1219:.
1183:.
1141:.
1117:.
1105:.
1076:.
1064:.
1039:.
1024:.
980:.
968:.
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