260:
2357:
1530:
1362:
latter two transactions effectively formed
Verizon Wireless (which remained a partnership between Verizon Communications and Vodafone until 2013). The company has largely maintained its lead over the years through further acquisitions (notably, of Alltel Wireless and TracFone) and through organic growth. surpassing T-Mobile and even AT&T in wireless. Over time much of its wireline area was spun off including northern New England to
1518:
completed the sale of its
Northwest Regional companies of Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washington to Ziply Fiber in an effort to avoid Chapter 11 bankruptcy. This move did not solve Frontier Communications financial problems resulting in a Chapter 11 Bankruptcy filing on April 14, 2020. Frontier went public again on May 4, 2021, with FYBR as its trading symbol on NASDAQ, after changing its name to "Frontier Communications Parent".
42:
1321:
1517:
to
Frontier, with the sale closing in the second half of 2014. On April 1, 2016, Frontier Communications (FTR) completed the data conversions from the Verizon systems for the remaining three largest former GTE properties: California, Florida and Texas. On May 1, 2020, Frontier Communications (FTR)
1361:
Bell
Atlantic Mobile became the largest wireless carrier in the United States through its merger with NYNEX Mobile, its acquisition of Frontier Cellular, its subsequent merger with GTE Mobile, and its joint venture with Vodafone (consolidating its AirTouch business into Bell Atlantic Mobile). The
195:
A "Baby Bell" is a local telephone company in the United States that was in existence at the time of the breakup of AT&T into the resulting
Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs). Sometimes also referred to as an "ILEC" (Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier) they were the former Bell System or
314:
Apart from historical documents, AT&T does not presently make active use of the Bell marks. Its local exchange companies have retained the "Bell" names; however, they have been doing business under other names since 2002. Many of these names are still listed with the US Patent and
Trademark
1423:
in 2000. CenturyLink announced in April 2010 its intent to buy Qwest for US$ 10.6 billion. The transaction was completed in April 2011. In August 2011, the Qwest branding was retired and replaced by that of
CenturyLink. CenturyLink rebranded to Lumen Technologies in September 2020.
300:
payphones), hard hats, trucks, and buildings, most likely intending to display continued use in order to maintain the company's trademark rights. Following the company updating its logo in 2015 and subsequent reimaging of its trucks, the Bell logo has since been removed.
167:
AT&T agreed to divest its local exchange service operating companies, effective
January 1, 1984. The group of local operating companies were split into seven independent Regional Bell Operating Companies, which became known as the
1802:
279:) and those trademarks which would be shared by the RBOCs and the two companies AT&T partially owned. Cincinnati Bell was the last RBOC to hold the "Bell" name, but it rebranded as Altafiber in March of 2022.
1449:
would acquire the company for $ 2.6 billion. On
September 7, 2021, Macquarie Infrastructure and Real Assets completed its purchase of Cincinnati Bell, Inc. and later rebranded the company name to AltaFiber.
2927:
1445:, which was not part of the 1984 divestiture because AT&T held only a minority stake in the company, remains independent of the RBOCs. In December 2019, Cincinnati Bell announced that
323:
Many of these companies have since merged; by the end of 2000, there were only three of the original Baby Bells left in the United States. After the 1984 breakup, part of AT&T Corp.'s
1485:, a company created following FairPoint's acquisition, was an operating company wholly owned by Northern New England Telephone Operations. In December 2016 FairPoint was purchased by
251:(SNET). Following the 1984 breakup, these became fully independent as well. All nine local-exchange holding companies were assigned a share of the rights to the Bell trademark.
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RBOCs were originally known as
Regional Holding Companies (RHCs). Three companies still exist that have an RBOC as a predecessor:
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In 2005, following a protracted bidding war with rival RBOC Qwest, Verizon announced that it would acquire long-distance company
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After divestiture, AT&T Corp. was prohibited from using the Bell name or logo (with the notable exception of AT&T's
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2165:
1281:
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Independent Telephone Company responsible for providing local telephone exchange services in a specified geographic area.
118:
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1626:
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formerly known as the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company of West Virginia, in a larger deal including some former
2668:
1486:
1363:
1792:
1617:, The SAIC Solution: How We Built an $ 8 Billion Employee-Owned Technology Company, John Wiley & Sons (2007) p.73
1308:
on December 1, 2005, but began re-branding as early as November 21 of the same year. In 2006 AT&T Inc. purchased
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for over $ 16 billion. SBC took on the AT&T name upon merger closure on November 18, 2005. SBC began trading as
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331:, which would serve as an R&D and standards body for the seven Baby Bells. In 1997, Bellcore was acquired by
187:(formerly CenturyTel and CenturyLink). Some other companies are holding onto smaller segments of the companies.
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1371:
46:
2370:
1385:, Inc. was originally Century Telephone (CenturyTel), and took the Centurylink name in 2009 when it acquired
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in 1956, and completely by 1975, continues to use the "Bell" trademarks, which it owns outright in Canada.
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2493:
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2149:
2032:
1972:
1510:
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1325:
538:
243:
Prior to 1984, AT&T Corp. also held investments in two smaller and otherwise independent companies,
286:, the former Bell Telephone Company of Canada (founded in 1880) and which started separating from the
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1583:"U.S. SETTLES PHONE SUIT, DROPS I.B.M. CASE; A.T.& T. TO SPLIT UP, TRANSFORMING INDUSTRY"
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2017:
1982:
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1967:
1962:
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1289:
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100:
82:
1825:"Frontier Communications Parent, Inc. (FYBR) Company Profile & Facts - Yahoo Finance"
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1398:
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1997:
1987:
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1390:
1347:, the largest independent telephone company. Bell Atlantic later changed its name to
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1301:
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64:
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in 1999. In February 2005, SBC announced its plans to acquire former parent company
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1992:
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1952:
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Office as current trademarks, since these names are still considered in use.
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FCC wrests concessions from AT&T-BellSouth before merger - Dec. 29, 2006
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DENNIS K. BERMAN; JOANN S. LUBLIN; SPENCER E. ANTE (April 22, 2010).
1412:
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17:
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Holsendolph, Ernest; Times, Spec Ial To the New York (1982-01-09).
311:, used the Bell name and logo until its merger into Qwest in 2009.
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1481:. The sale of these lines by Verizon to FairPoint closed in 2008.
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continued to use the Bell logo on its payphones (including former
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91:
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The service areas of the Regional Bell Operating Companies in the
40:
27:
U.S. regional telephone company created by 1984 break of AT&T
1343:(taking the Bell Atlantic name), which later, in 2000, acquired
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780:
264:
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2099:
1973:
The Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Company of West Virginia
1934:
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30:"Baby Bell(s)" redirects here. For the actress and singer, see
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771:
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1978:
The Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Company of Virginia
1968:
The Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Company of Maryland
335:
where it became a wholly owned subsidiary and was renamed
1358:. The Verizon and MCI merger closed on January 6, 2006.
1469:. NNETO is an operating company split from the original
1680:
1636:. Money.cnn.com (2006-12-29). Retrieved on 2013-09-04.
2807:
R.H. Donnelley Publishing and Advertising of Illinois
1793:"AT&T Selling Connecticut Operations To Frontier"
1852:
Bell Operating Companies (from Bell System Memorial)
1842:
Pre-divestiture RBOC map (from Bell System Memorial)
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2928:History of telecommunications in the United States
203:, the resulting Baby Bells were originally named:
142:) was a corporate entity created as result of the
1847:Table of RBOC changes (from Bell System Memorial)
1366:and other areas with landline businesses to both
1397:. The company, as CenturyTel, had acquired some
1393:, which also included the former operations of
49:following the Bell System's dissolution in 1984
1963:The Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Company
333:Science Applications International Corporation
2386:
1872:
1767:"Consolidated Communications & FairPoint"
307:, an autonomous local phone company owned by
8:
2222:Alexander Graham Bell National Historic Site
1513:. In December 2013, AT&T agreed to sell
2270:New England Telephone and Telegraph Company
1737:"Cincinnati Bell to be acquired for $ 2.6B"
1707:"CenturyTel Buys Qwest in Land-Line Gamble"
361:grouped into "Baby Bells" split off in 1984
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2403:American Telephone & Telegraph Company
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1958:The Bell Telephone Company of Pennsylvania
1942:
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1683:. Qwest Communications International Inc.
1657:"2Q 2022 Earnings Conference Call Webcast"
1497:In 2010, Frontier Communications acquired
2860:Northern New England Telephone Operations
1467:Northern New England Telephone Operations
1914:American Telephone and Telegraph Company
258:
152:American Telephone and Telegraph Company
1573:
1936:Local telephone companies still extant
1735:Brownfield, Andy (December 23, 2019).
1483:Telephone Operating Company of Vermont
1419:long-distance company, had taken over
2232:Bell Homestead National Historic Site
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2290:Bell Telephone Manufacturing Company
2280:The Bell Telephone Company of Canada
2275:International Bell Telephone Company
1805:from the original on August 13, 2017
1747:from the original on August 5, 2020
1461:, an independent provider based in
1549:Competitive local exchange carrier
1447:Brookfield Infrastructure Partners
25:
1389:, the former local operations of
2355:
1953:Bell Telephone Company of Nevada
1555:Incumbent local exchange carrier
1528:
2336:Regional Bell Operating Company
1791:Haar, Dan (December 17, 2013).
1773:from the original on 2019-04-18
1717:from the original on 2020-08-07
1687:from the original on 2008-01-22
1561:Local access and transport area
136:Regional Bell Operating Company
2823:Southern New England Telephone
2074:Southern New England Telephone
249:Southern New England Telephone
201:Modification of Final Judgment
162:Modification of Final Judgment
110:Southern New England Telephone
1:
2799:SBC Communications / AT&T
2514:Southwestern Bell Corporation
2242:Telephone Pioneers of America
2166:Advanced Mobile Phone Service
1282:Southwestern Bell Corporation
119:Southwestern Bell Corporation
2653:Advanced American Telephones
2494:Bell Communications Research
1284:, which changed its name to
2868:New Communications Holdings
2669:QLT Consumer Lease Services
2295:AT&T Technologies, Inc.
1741:Cincinnati Business Courier
1613:Dr. J. Robert Beyster with
1487:Consolidated Communications
1454:Consolidated Communications
1364:Consolidated Communications
2944:
2634:Second generation spinoffs
2596:AT&T Wireless Services
2572:AT&T Submarine Systems
1544:Breakup of the Bell System
148:U.S. Department of Justice
29:
2918:1982 in the United States
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1473:to serve access lines in
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157:United States v. AT&T
2535:Unix System Laboratories
2432:Graybar Electric Company
1503:Bell Operating Companies
1459:FairPoint Communications
1378:Lumen Technologies, Inc.
1372:FairPoint Communications
47:contiguous United States
2248:Spirit of Communication
2237:Bell Telephone Memorial
2175:Regional Bell companies
1983:Diamond State Telephone
1493:Frontier Communications
1437:The former independent
1428:Other related companies
2836:Verizon Communications
2786:Telcordia Technologies
2450:(via Western Electric)
2265:Bell Telephone Company
2033:Pacific Northwest Bell
1511:Verizon Communications
1501:, one of the original
1499:Frontier West Virginia
1332:
1316:Verizon Communications
272:
271:as it appeared in 1969
131:
34:. For the cheese, see
2362:Telephones portal
2008:New England Telephone
1471:New England Telephone
1323:
262:
160:) and settled in the
44:
534:AT&T Corporation
354:AT&T Corporation
164:on January 8, 1982.
154:(AT&T) in 1974 (
2876:Frontier California
2645:Lucent Technologies
2551:Lucent Technologies
2058:Wisconsin Telephone
1711:Wall Street Journal
568:SBC Communications)
327:was split off into
32:Baby Bell (actress)
2886:Frontier Southwest
2612:AT&T Broadband
2578:Tyco International
2101:Other subsidiaries
2043:South Central Bell
2018:New York Telephone
1632:2020-09-17 at the
1587:The New York Times
1383:Lumen Technologies
1333:
1331:with the Bell logo
1288:in 1995, acquired
1286:SBC Communications
1265:Lumen Technologies
273:
185:Lumen Technologies
132:
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2285:Northern Electric
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2090:
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2053:Southwestern Bell
2038:Pacific Telephone
2023:Northwestern Bell
1926:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1536:Telephones portal
1274:
1273:
561:Southwestern Bell
277:Bell Laboratories
255:Shared trademarks
233:Southwestern Bell
16:(Redirected from
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2881:Frontier Florida
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1351:that same year.
1339:was acquired by
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263:The Bell System
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2083:
2079:Cincinnati Bell
2067:Partially owned
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2013:New Jersey Bell
1937:
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1509:companies with
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1443:Cincinnati Bell
1435:
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1290:Pacific Telesis
1279:
1090:(non-RBOC ILEC)
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555:Pacific Telesis
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245:Cincinnati Bell
228:Pacific Telesis
193:
146:lawsuit by the
130:
123:
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114:
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105:
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101:Pacific Telesis
96:
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87:
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83:Cincinnati Bell
78:
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1836:External links
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1399:Wisconsin Bell
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2677:Agere Systems
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2489:Bell Atlantic
2487:
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2296:
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2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2227:Bell Boatyard
2225:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2215:Commemorative
2213:
2209:
2202:
2198:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2143:Long distance
2141:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:Manufacturing
2109:
2105:
2098:
2094:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2048:Southern Bell
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2003:Mountain Bell
2001:
1999:
1998:Michigan Bell
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1988:Illinois Bell
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
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1911:
1908:
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1615:Peter Economy
1610:
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1596:
1592:
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1556:
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1537:
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1521:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1479:New Hampshire
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1432:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:Sprint Nextel
1388:
1384:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1341:Bell Atlantic
1338:
1330:
1327:
1322:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1306:AT&T Inc.
1303:
1299:
1296:in 1998, and
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1277:AT&T Inc.
1276:
1271:
1266:
1220:
1217:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1195:
1138:
1135:
1102:
1087:
1066:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1005:
974:
968:
943:
941:
928:
925:
917:
915:
910:
905:
897:
885:
879:
829:
826:
809:
796:
791:
782:
779:
773:
752:
736:
734:
711:
708:
700:
698:
689:
666:
658:
646:
638:
636:
603:
601:
598:
583:
576:
575:Bell Atlantic
567:
556:
549:
540:
529:
525:
522:
506:
504:
496:
494:
486:
484:
476:
474:
466:
464:
456:
454:
446:
444:
443:
438:
382:
380:
372:
370:
367:
365:
360:
355:
343:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
318:
316:
312:
310:
306:
302:
299:
295:
291:
289:
285:
280:
278:
270:
266:
261:
254:
252:
250:
246:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
213:Bell Atlantic
211:
209:
206:
205:
204:
202:
197:
190:
188:
186:
182:
178:
173:
171:
165:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
129:
120:
111:
102:
93:
84:
75:
66:
65:Bell Atlantic
57:
48:
43:
37:
33:
19:
2777:
2693:
2401:Spinoffs of
2335:
2246:
1993:Indiana Bell
1946:Wholly owned
1819:
1807:. Retrieved
1796:
1786:
1775:. Retrieved
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1740:
1730:
1719:. Retrieved
1710:
1700:
1689:. Retrieved
1675:
1664:. Retrieved
1660:
1651:
1641:
1622:
1609:
1598:. Retrieved
1586:
1576:
1496:
1457:
1436:
1417:fiber optics
1407:
1381:
1360:
1353:
1334:
1280:
972:
777:
565:
358:
322:
313:
305:Malheur Bell
303:
292:
281:
274:
242:
198:
194:
174:
169:
166:
155:
150:against the
139:
135:
133:
2923:Bell System
2815:YP Holdings
2476:Divestiture
2465:Bell Canada
2331:Divestiture
2184:(1880-1975)
2182:Bell Canada
1888:Bell System
1751:January 17,
1465:, acquired
1441:franchisee
1439:Bell System
1401:lines from
1086:CenturyLink
288:Bell System
284:Bell Canada
2912:Categories
2205:Historical
2150:Long Lines
1777:2019-04-18
1721:2010-04-22
1691:2008-01-20
1666:2023-01-22
1600:2021-09-17
1568:References
199:After the
191:Baby Bells
170:Baby Bells
2765:Dex Media
2528:1991–1993
2499:BellSouth
2484:Ameritech
2134:Bell Labs
2028:Ohio Bell
1595:0362-4331
1433:AltaFiber
1405:in 1998.
1403:Ameritech
1335:In 1997,
1310:BellSouth
1298:Ameritech
1292:in 1997,
548:Ameritech
528:BellSouth
337:Telcordia
325:Bell Labs
269:trademark
218:BellSouth
208:Ameritech
144:antitrust
74:BellSouth
56:Ameritech
2744:AirTouch
2723:Teradata
2702:U S WEST
2576:sold to
2159:Wireless
2127:Research
1809:July 15,
1803:Archived
1771:Archived
1745:Archived
1715:Archived
1685:Archived
1630:Archived
1522:See also
1368:Frontier
1329:payphone
1254:AT&T
967:AT&T
329:Bellcore
177:AT&T
2519:US West
2258:Defunct
1421:US West
1415:-based
1349:Verizon
1326:Verizon
1259:Verizon
878:Verizon
597:US West
319:Mergers
294:Verizon
238:US West
181:Verizon
128:US West
36:Babybel
2889:(2014)
2871:(2010)
2863:(2008)
2855:(2006)
2852:Idearc
2847:(2005)
2826:(2014)
2818:(2012)
2810:(2004)
2789:(1997)
2768:(2002)
2747:(1994)
2726:(2007)
2705:(1998)
2680:(2002)
2672:(2000)
2664:(2000)
2656:(2000)
1593:
1563:(LATA)
1557:(ILEC)
1551:(CLEC)
1413:Denver
1395:Centel
1387:Embarq
973:former
183:, and
126:
124:
117:
115:
108:
106:
99:
97:
90:
88:
81:
79:
72:
70:
63:
61:
54:
52:
2757:Qwest
2661:Avaya
2504:NYNEX
2474:1984
1475:Maine
1409:Qwest
1337:NYNEX
793:(non-
790:Qwest
776:(non-
582:NYNEX
566:later
537:(non-
309:Qwest
223:NYNEX
92:NYNEX
2605:2003
2589:2001
2565:1997
2544:1996
2458:1975
2441:1956
2425:1929
1811:2014
1753:2020
1591:ISSN
1515:SNET
1477:and
1411:, a
1370:and
1294:SNET
975:SBC)
795:ILEC
781:ILEC
778:RBOC
359:RBOC
267:and
265:logo
247:and
140:RBOC
18:RBOC
2715:NCR
2556:NCR
1507:GTE
1356:MCI
1345:GTE
772:GTE
539:LEC
298:GTE
172:.
2914::
1801:.
1795:.
1769:.
1743:.
1739:.
1713:.
1709:.
1659:.
1589:.
1585:.
1374:.
1324:A
1312:.
339:.
179:,
134:A
2394:e
2387:t
2380:v
1880:e
1873:t
1866:v
1827:.
1813:.
1780:.
1755:.
1724:.
1694:.
1669:.
1603:.
971:(
797:)
783:)
564:(
541:)
138:(
38:.
20:)
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