494:(formerly Orbital) modified the core stage to accommodate the increased performance, and then to finish up its CRS-1 cargo contract commitment to NASA for delivering a total of 20,000 kg (44,000 lb) of cargo in only four additional flights, rather than the five more that would have been required with the AJ-26/Antares combination. The AJ-26 engines were just rebranded NK-33 rocket engines used for the ill-fated Soviet N1 and upgraded N1F rocket, which was planned to be the rocket to take cosmonauts to the surface of the Moon.
2189:
483:
than that. On 19 February 2015, Orbital ATK said that its revamped
Antares rocket featuring a new main engine would make its first launch in March 2016. On 29 May 2015, Orbital stated that the new engines had successfully conducted seven certification firings and all went as expected. It also stated that the first two flight models were doing final tests and would be delivered to Orbital in early July.
40:
2573:
546:
rockets. The engine was test-fired in 2016, reaching 110 percent above the thrust of the original variant, the company's officials said. In May 2024, Roskosmos said that a full cycle of autonomous tests of components for the RD-191M engine had been completed at NPO Energomash by the end of 2023 and
482:
under contract to NASA. While
Russian press had stated that the contract was valued at US$ 1 billion with options, Orbital stated on 26 January 2015 that even when exercising all the options the contract was less than that amount, and that the initial contractual commitment was significantly less
423:
By 2010, the engine had passed all development phases, and its nine prototypes had accumulated over 23,000 seconds in 105 firing tests, with one of them reaching the maximum running time of 3,635 seconds in 12 tests. In July 2014, the engine made its maiden flight, propelling the
2722:
453:
A version of the RD-191 with thrust reduced to 170 tonnes, called RD-151, was fire-tested on 30 July 2009. The first flight test of this engine was conducted on 25 August 2009 as part of the first launch of South Korean
373:
on contact with liquid oxygen. The engine is capable of throttling down to 30% of nominal thrust; the design also allows for a short-duration enhanced thrust (up to 105% of nominal level) in emergency situations. A
2715:
547:
on July 8, 2024, NPO Energomash announced that it had completed tune-up tests of RD-191M. According to the company, the first RD-191M engine for tune-up tests had been manufactured at the end of 2023.
986:
2708:
4213:
416:, stated that the engine had completed the full cycle of development and burn tests and is ready for manufacturing and delivery. The primary launch vehicle utilizing this engine is the
2524:
522:
In April 2013, it was announced that a further derivation, the RD-193, had completed testing. This version is lighter and shorter, designed for use on the light-launcher
4208:
1028:
2326:
361:. In the future the engine is expected to become a workhorse in the Russian space sector, as older launch vehicles are phased out of production and service.
4198:
818:
474:
RD-181 on the version 2 Antares launch vehicle and had contracted directly with NPO Energomash for up to 20 RD-181 engines. Two engines are used on the
2517:
1144:
676:
2321:
470:
rocket. While the RD-193 was designed as a close replacement for the NK-33, on 17 December 2014, Orbital
Sciences announced that it would use the
2700:
657:
1006:
2510:
1175:
556:
491:
4218:
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144:
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1930:
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Burn ignition is provided chemically, by feeding a starter fluid into the combustion chamber and gas generator, which is
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A modern design, the engine incorporates sensors monitoring burn conditions. The measurements are used for
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During the 2010s, NPO Energomash was working on the RD-191M engine, which was intended for the
3937:
3380:
3133:
2731:
Russian and former Soviet military designation sequences for radar, missile and rocket systems
2341:
677:"Russian military satellite launched on orbital debut of Angara 1.2 rocket – Spaceflight Now"
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test vehicle on a suborbital flight. In
December 2014, the engine flew again, powering the
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252:
1061:"New engine for light rocket "Soyuz" prepare for mass production at the end of the year"
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dual-combustion chamber engine, which itself was derived in turn from the four-chamber
66:
643:
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1153:
370:
327:
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The two RD-181s have 440 kilonewtons (100,000 lbf) more thrust than the paired
436:
announced it would purchase RD-181 engines, a variant of the RD-191, for use on the
4122:
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697:
Chvanov, Vladimir (2010). "Russia's liquid rocket enginges are unrivalled".
543:
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77:
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2486:* Different versions of the engine use different propellant combinations
466:
The RD-181 is based on the RD-191 and is adapted for integration on the
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17:
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2011:
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96:
1007:"Space station resupply mission successfully launches from Virginia"
4132:
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1323:
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1255:
1248:
1242:
1232:
1227:
527:
487:
392:
The engine's powerhead fulfills two additional functions, heating
910:"Orbital Sciences: Russian Press Overstate RD-181 Contract Value"
4087:
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3123:
2902:
2897:
2892:
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2083:
1875:
1711:
1550:
1465:
1364:
1353:
1312:
1306:
1301:
1266:
838:"Antares Upgrade Will Use RD-181s In Direct Buy From Energomash"
350:
125:
2704:
2506:
1126:
933:"Re-engined Antares To Carry Space Station Cargo in 2016 Debut"
478:
of each
Antares, which is currently used to carry cargo to the
2386:
2381:
2376:
2366:
630:"Turmoil Over Ukraine Could Debilitate Russia's Space Program"
508:
mission, heat exchangers were removed from the RD-181 engine.
354:
121:
956:"Orbital ATK Sees Commercial Satellites as Top Growth Area"
887:"Orbital Sciences Orders RD-181 Engines for Antares Rocket"
323:'Rocket Engine 191') is a high-performance single-
819:"ГОДОВОЙ ОТЧЕТ ОАО «НПО «Энергомаш» за 2014 год. page 20"
766:"Orbital Sciences to Use Russian RD-181 for Antares"
4080:
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3389:
3351:
3300:
3229:
3203:
3182:
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3054:
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2956:
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2675:
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2611:
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2125:
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1815:
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1537:
1385:
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295:
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210:
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192:
180:
168:
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155:
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139:
131:
117:
110:
102:
92:
84:
72:
62:
54:
46:
805:"S. Korea to launch first space rocket on Aug. 19"
4214:Rocket engines using the staged combustion cycle
412:On 5 September 2008, the creator of the engine,
1034:. Northrop Grumman. August 2018. Archived from
644:"A new engine is ready for Angara (in Russian)"
404:to deflect the nozzle and aerodynamic rudders.
660:. Khrunichev. 12 December 2007. Archived from
490:engines used on the first-generation Antares.
2716:
2518:
1138:
740:"Russia's Angara 5 debuts with maiden launch"
420:carrier rocket family, first flown in 2014.
8:
32:
658:"Successful Tests of Angara Stage 1 Engine"
3976:
3058:
2742:
2723:
2709:
2701:
2525:
2511:
2503:
1819:
1543:
1201:
1192:
1145:
1131:
1123:
38:
432:heavy carrier rocket. In the same month,
4209:Rocket engines using kerosene propellant
821:. «НПО «Энергомаш». 2015. Archived from
836:Morring, Frank Jr. (16 December 2014).
568:
378:provides for yaw and pitch controls by
31:
791:"First launch of KSLV-1 is conducted"
7:
1176:Comparison of orbital rocket engines
738:Graham, William (23 December 2014).
557:Comparison of orbital rocket engines
389:and an emergency protection system.
492:Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems
400:and generating hydraulic power for
4199:Rocket engines of the Soviet Union
1063:(in Russian). Новости космонавтики
1029:"Antares Users Guide, Release 3.0"
764:Smith, Marcia (17 December 2014).
714:"Angara goes on its maiden voyage"
712:Zak, Anatoly (29 September 2014).
330:, developed in Russia and sold by
247:325 seconds (Angara A5 core stage)
25:
979:""Энергомаш" в новом тысячелетии"
382:deflection up to 8 degrees.
278:1.45 m (4 ft 9 in)
2571:
2187:
357:mixture and uses an oxygen-rich
314:Ракетный Двигатель-191 (РД-191)
628:SKIBBA, RAMIN (4 March 2022).
526:when the inventory of surplus
239:310.7 s (3.047 km/s)
217:25.8 MPa (3,740 psi)
184:1,920 kN (430,000 lb
172:2,090 kN (470,000 lb
1:
1972:RD-0202 to 0206, 0208 to 0213
286:2,290 kg (5,050 lb)
1114:. Energomash. Archived from
2534:RD-170 rocket engine family
501:upgrades, debuted with the
480:International Space Station
228:337 s (3.30 km/s)
4235:
515:
396:gas for pressurization of
349:The RD-191 is fueled by a
4219:Energomash rocket engines
2569:
2482:
2185:
1171:
334:. It is derived from the
313:
37:
4204:Rocket engines of Russia
3620:S-500/55R6M Triumfator-M
3600:S-200 Angara/Vega/Dubna
2603:Staged combustion cycle
2017:RD-250 to 252, 261, 262
718:www.russianspaceweb.com
359:staged combustion cycle
342:originally used in the
3550:9K38 Igla/9K338 Igla-S
530:engines is exhausted.
202:Thrust-to-weight ratio
2493:are under development
1881:YF-20, 21, 22, 24, 25
1660:RD-107, 108, 117, 118
977:Афанасьев И. (2012).
866:. russianspaceweb.com
270:4 m (13 ft)
27:Russian rocket engine
2660:Antares (200-series)
987:News of Cosmonautics
664:on 30 December 2007.
632:. Condé Nast. Wired.
593:RD-191 Rocket Engine
3610:S-350 (50R6) Vityaz
3390:Surface-to-surface
3352:Surface-to-surface
2676:Cancelled proposals
1982:RD-0216, 0217, 0235
1645:RD-0107, 0108, 0110
1041:on 6 September 2018
825:on 31 October 2016.
744:NASASpaceFlight.com
646:. 5 September 2008.
583:on 11 November 2011
402:hydraulic actuators
34:
3595:S-125 Neva/Pechora
954:Selding, Peter B.
931:Selding, Peter B.
908:Selding, Peter B.
885:Selding, Peter B.
325:combustion chamber
188:) at 100% throttle
176:) at 100% throttle
112:Liquid-fuel engine
4186:
4185:
4076:
4075:
3966:
3965:
3381:9M730 Burevestnik
3050:
3049:
2698:
2697:
2500:
2499:
2442:Space Shuttle SRB
2183:
2182:
2121:
2120:
1811:
1810:
1533:
1532:
1009:. Spaceflight Now
807:. 25 August 2009.
793:. 25 August 2009.
770:SpacePolicyOnline
376:Cardan suspension
322:
302:
301:
181:Thrust, sea-level
145:staged combustion
76:NPO Energomash /
47:Country of origin
16:(Redirected from
4226:
4031:Rocket artillery
3977:
3059:
2743:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2702:
2612:Historic rockets
2575:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2504:
2191:
2190:
2027:RD-263, 268, 273
1958:along other LREs
1820:
1680:RD-191, 151, 181
1544:
1202:
1193:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1124:
1119:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1040:
1033:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1005:Clark, Stephen.
1002:
996:
995:
983:
974:
968:
967:
965:
963:
951:
945:
944:
942:
940:
928:
922:
921:
919:
917:
905:
899:
898:
896:
894:
882:
876:
875:
873:
871:
859:
853:
852:
850:
848:
833:
827:
826:
815:
809:
808:
801:
795:
794:
787:
781:
780:
778:
776:
761:
755:
754:
752:
750:
735:
729:
728:
726:
724:
709:
703:
702:
694:
688:
687:
685:
683:
675:Clark, Stephen.
672:
666:
665:
654:
648:
647:
640:
634:
633:
625:
619:
618:
616:
614:
600:
594:
592:
590:
588:
579:. Archived from
573:
434:Orbital Sciences
398:propellant tanks
380:gimballed thrust
317:
315:
234:Specific impulse
223:Specific impulse
42:
35:
21:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4189:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4072:
4026:
3972:
3962:
3948:9M133M Kornet-M
3856:
3775:
3771:Kh-47M2 Kinzhal
3761:9M114V Shturm-V
3634:
3498:
3391:
3385:
3353:
3347:
3296:
3225:
3199:
3178:
3046:
2965:
2952:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2699:
2694:
2671:
2647:Current rockets
2642:
2607:
2576:
2567:
2536:
2531:
2501:
2496:
2478:
2199:
2192:
2188:
2179:
2117:
2007:RD-0255 to 0257
2002:RD-0243 to 0245
1864:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1831:
1807:
1548:
1539:
1529:
1393:
1387:
1381:
1212:
1206:
1187:
1180:
1167:
1165:launch vehicles
1151:
1118:on 5 July 2014.
1110:
1107:
1102:
1101:
1091:
1089:
1087:RussianSpaceWeb
1083:"RD-191 engine"
1081:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1012:
1010:
1004:
1003:
999:
981:
976:
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971:
961:
959:
953:
952:
948:
938:
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929:
925:
915:
913:
907:
906:
902:
892:
890:
884:
883:
879:
869:
867:
861:
860:
856:
846:
844:
835:
834:
830:
817:
816:
812:
803:
802:
798:
789:
788:
784:
774:
772:
763:
762:
758:
748:
746:
737:
736:
732:
722:
720:
711:
710:
706:
699:Military Parade
696:
695:
691:
681:
679:
674:
673:
669:
656:
655:
651:
642:
641:
637:
627:
626:
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612:
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602:
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584:
575:
574:
570:
565:
553:
536:
520:
514:
464:
451:
446:
410:
367:
187:
175:
80:(in transition)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4232:
4230:
4222:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4191:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
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4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3983:
3981:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
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3783:
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3777:
3776:
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3768:
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3758:
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3693:
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3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
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3648:
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3640:
3639:Air-to-surface
3636:
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3633:
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3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3560:9K35 Strela-10
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3504:
3503:Surface-to-air
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3019:
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2999:
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2989:
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2795:
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2755:
2749:
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2727:
2720:
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2696:
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2449:
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2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2403:United States
2401:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2204:
2202:
2194:
2193:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:United States
2155:
2154:
2153:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2107:
2102:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2080:United States
2078:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
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1899:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1869:
1867:
1862:
1851:
1847:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1766:LR70-NA , S-3D
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1732:United States
1730:
1729:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1696:
1695:
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1689:
1682:
1677:
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1496:
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1473:
1468:
1462:United States
1460:
1459:
1458:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1402:
1400:
1391:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1350:
1342:United States
1340:
1339:
1338:
1331:
1326:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1294:
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1221:
1219:
1210:
1199:
1190:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1154:Rocket engines
1152:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1106:
1105:External links
1103:
1100:
1099:
1074:
1052:
1020:
997:
969:
946:
923:
900:
877:
862:Zak, Anatoly.
854:
828:
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796:
782:
756:
730:
704:
689:
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649:
635:
620:
608:Spaceflight101
595:
567:
566:
564:
561:
560:
559:
552:
549:
535:
532:
516:Main article:
513:
510:
472:NPO Energomash
463:
460:
450:
447:
445:
442:
414:NPO Energomash
409:
406:
366:
363:
300:
299:
297:
293:
292:
288:
287:
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280:
279:
276:
272:
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241:
240:
237:
230:
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226:
219:
218:
215:
208:
207:
204:
198:
197:
194:
193:Throttle range
190:
189:
185:
182:
178:
177:
173:
170:
169:Thrust, vacuum
166:
165:
161:
160:
157:
153:
152:
148:
147:
143:Oxidizer-rich
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
119:
115:
114:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
74:
70:
69:
67:NPO Energomash
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4231:
4220:
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4210:
4207:
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4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
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4159:
4156:
4154:
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4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
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4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
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4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
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4083:
4079:
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4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
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4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3969:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
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3924:
3921:
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3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
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3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
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3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
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3825:
3823:
3820:
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3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3545:9K34 Strela-3
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3535:9K32 Strela-2
3533:
3531:
3530:9K31 Strela-1
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3520:2K22 Tunguska
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
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3319:
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3311:
3309:
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3250:
3248:
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3234:
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3228:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3202:
3196:
3193:
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3188:
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3175:
3172:
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3152:
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3145:
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3137:
3135:
3132:
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3125:
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3115:
3112:
3110:
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3100:
3097:
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3008:
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2876:
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2869:
2866:
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2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
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2769:
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2756:
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2751:
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2741:
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2721:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2703:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2674:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
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2589:
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2583:
2579:
2574:
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2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
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2528:
2523:
2521:
2516:
2514:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2492:
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2473:
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2463:
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2453:
2450:
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2440:
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2423:
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2413:
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2405:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2395:
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2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
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2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2295:
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2290:
2288:
2285:
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2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2195:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2141:RD-211 to 214
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
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2081:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2012:RD-215 to 219
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1987:RD-0233, 0234
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1977:RD-0207, 0214
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1957:
1956:Paektusan LRE
1954:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1934:
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1325:
1324:KVD-1 (RD-56)
1322:
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888:
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878:
865:
858:
855:
843:
842:Aviation Week
839:
832:
829:
824:
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814:
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797:
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427:
421:
419:
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407:
405:
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399:
395:
390:
388:
383:
381:
377:
372:
371:self-igniting
364:
362:
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
328:rocket engine
326:
320:
311:
307:
298:
294:
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285:
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273:
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265:
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216:
214:
209:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
183:
179:
171:
167:
162:
158:
154:
151:Configuration
149:
146:
142:
138:
134:
132:Mixture ratio
130:
127:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
4172:
3980:Air-launched
3615:S-400 Triumf
3525:Kashtan CIWS
3376:3M-54 Kalibr
3154:RS-28 Sarmat
2853:RSN-225 Azov
2588:Bipropellant
2581:Technologies
2557:
2490:
2031:
1952:North Korea
1723:
1716:
1684:
1679:
1612:
1600:
1593:
1571:
1520:
1513:
1501:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1352:
1345:
1333:
1311:
1254:
1247:
1158:solid motors
1116:the original
1092:16 September
1090:. Retrieved
1086:
1077:
1065:. Retrieved
1055:
1043:. Retrieved
1036:the original
1023:
1011:. Retrieved
1000:
991:
985:
972:
960:. Retrieved
949:
937:. Retrieved
926:
914:. Retrieved
903:
891:. Retrieved
880:
868:. Retrieved
857:
845:. Retrieved
841:
831:
823:the original
813:
799:
785:
773:. Retrieved
769:
759:
747:. Retrieved
743:
733:
721:. Retrieved
717:
707:
698:
692:
680:. Retrieved
670:
662:the original
652:
638:
623:
611:. Retrieved
607:
604:"Angara 1.2"
598:
585:. Retrieved
581:the original
571:
537:
521:
506:Cygnus NG-12
499:Antares 230+
496:
485:
465:
452:
426:Angara 1.2pp
422:
411:
391:
384:
368:
348:
305:
303:
253:Gimbal range
156:Nozzle ratio
73:Manufacturer
29:
3625:M-11 Shtorm
3585:S-25 Berkut
3580:42S6 Morfey
3555:9K333 Verba
2541:Derivatives
2489:Engines in
2136:RD-109, 119
2074:RD-864, 869
2059:RD-854, 861
2022:RD-253, 275
1670:RD-170, 171
958:. SpaceNews
935:. SpaceNews
912:. SpaceNews
889:. SpaceNews
847:28 December
701:(2): 40–41.
587:26 December
476:first stage
408:Development
236:, sea-level
164:Performance
93:Predecessor
88:Main engine
85:Application
4193:Categories
3780:Air-to-air
3590:S-75 Dvina
3575:Pantsir-S1
3371:3M-51 Alfa
2957:Ship-borne
2746:Land-based
1876:YF-1, 2, 3
1824:Hypergolic
1796:Rutherford
1515:Prometheus
1477:Archimedes
1045:3 November
1013:2 November
563:References
544:Angara-A5V
540:Angara-A5M
524:Soyuz-2.1v
440:rocket.
346:launcher.
296:References
291:References
262:Dimensions
118:Propellant
3861:Anti-tank
3570:9K330 Tor
3510:2K11 Krug
2948:Container
2843:Kabina 66
2619:Atlas III
2417:Castor 30
2297:Zefiro 40
2292:Zefiro 23
2233:SpaB-140C
1630:NK-33, 44
1540:cryogenic
1386:Methalox
1205:Hydrolox
1197:Cryogenic
430:Angara A5
387:telemetry
332:Roscosmos
244:Burn time
78:Proton-PM
3971:Unguided
3953:Kornet-D
3766:Hermes-A
3565:9K37 Buk
3540:9K33 Osa
3515:2K12 Kub
3464:RKV-500A
3354:(cruise)
3164:UR-100MR
3055:Missiles
2970:Airborne
2943:Voronezh
2848:Kasta 2E
2691:(RD-180)
2685:(RD-180)
2668:(RD-180)
2662:(RD-181)
2656:(RD-191)
2639:(RD-171)
2633:(RD-151)
2627:(RD-170)
2621:(RD-180)
2432:Orbus-21
2287:Zefiro 9
2050:Ukraine
1828:Aerozine
1816:Storable
1708:Ukraine
1650:RD-0110R
1547:Kerolox
1112:"RD-191"
864:"RD-181"
577:"RD-191"
551:See also
497:For the
458:rocket.
444:Variants
351:kerosene
283:Dry mass
275:Diameter
225:, vacuum
213:pressure
211:Chamber
63:Designer
4158:RD-0146
4153:RD-0124
4148:RD-0120
4081:Engines
3973:rockets
3893:9K115-2
3630:Sosna-R
3392:(naval)
3169:UR-100N
3134:RT-2PM2
2739:systems
2666:Atlas V
2625:Energia
2491:italics
2452:Star 48
2447:Star 37
2427:Orbus-6
2348:Israel
2282:Waxwing
2238:Europe
2230:SpaB-65
2132:Russia
1997:RD-0237
1992:RD-0236
1963:Russia
1942:Israel
1902:Europe
1746:Kestrel
1692:S1.5400
1655:RD-0124
1621:Russia
1614:SCE-200
1510:Europe
1503:RD-0169
1498:Russia
1424:Longyun
1417:Lingyun
1335:RD-0146
1329:RD-0120
1320:Russia
1277:Vulcain
1263:Europe
1186:Liquid
1162:orbital
1067:8 April
613:30 June
534:RD-191M
468:Antares
438:Antares
344:Energia
321:
310:Russian
196:27–105%
4178:RD-500
4173:RD-191
4168:RD-180
4163:RD-170
4143:RD-117
4138:RD-107
4022:RS-132
3958:Hermes
3756:Kh-101
3494:URPK-5
3489:URPK-4
3484:URPK-3
3459:P-1000
3454:P-900A
3366:RSS-40
3343:RSM-56
3338:RSM-45
3287:OTR-23
3282:OTR-21
3195:RSD-10
3174:UR-200
3159:UR-100
3129:RT-2PM
2938:Don-2N
2923:Daryal
2913:Dnestr
2858:SNR-75
2654:Angara
2631:Naro-1
2563:RD-151
2558:RD-191
2553:RD-180
2548:RD-171
2407:AJ-60A
2372:KM-V2b
2363:Japan
2337:Salman
2303:India
2277:Topaze
2242:Mage 1
2207:China
2198:Solid
2105:TR-201
2069:RD-856
2064:RD-855
2054:RD-843
2044:S5.98M
2033:RD-270
1927:India
1921:Viking
1911:Astris
1906:Aestus
1896:YF-50D
1872:China
1781:RS-27A
1771:Merlin
1761:LR-105
1725:RD-810
1718:RD-801
1702:TEPREL
1698:Spain
1686:RD-193
1675:RD-180
1665:RD-120
1609:India
1602:Welkin
1595:YF-130
1589:YF-115
1584:YF-102
1579:YF-100
1563:China
1491:Aeon R
1484:Aeon 1
1471:Raptor
1455:YF-215
1448:YF-209
1441:TQ-15A
1405:China
1298:Japan
1287:CE-7.5
1283:India
1238:YF-75D
1224:China
962:4 June
939:4 June
916:4 June
893:4 June
870:4 June
775:22 May
749:22 May
723:22 May
682:22 May
518:RD-193
512:RD-193
462:RD-181
456:Naro-1
449:RD-151
418:Angara
394:helium
365:Design
340:RD-170
336:RD-180
306:RD-191
267:Length
106:In use
103:Status
97:RD-170
50:Russia
33:RD-191
18:RD-151
4133:RD-58
4128:RD-45
4123:RD-33
4068:TOS-1
4063:BM-30
4058:BM-27
4053:BM-25
4048:BM-24
4043:BM-21
4038:BM-14
4017:RS-82
4012:RP-21
4007:RP-15
3943:9M133
3938:9M123
3933:9M120
3928:9M119
3923:9M117
3918:9M113
3898:9K121
3888:9K115
3883:9K114
3878:9K112
3873:9K111
3852:R-172
3751:Kh-90
3746:Kh-80
3741:Kh-59
3736:Kh-58
3731:Kh-55
3726:Kh-41
3721:Kh-38
3716:Kh-35
3711:Kh-31
3706:Kh-29
3701:Kh-28
3696:Kh-26
3691:Kh-25
3686:Kh-23
3681:Kh-22
3676:Kh-20
3671:Kh-15
3666:Kh-11
3661:K-10S
3651:KSR-5
3646:KSR-2
3605:S-300
3479:RPK-7
3474:RPK-6
3469:RPK-2
3449:P-900
3444:P-800
3439:P-750
3434:P-700
3429:P-500
3424:P-270
3419:P-120
3361:Burya
3272:R-11A
3252:9K720
3221:RT-15
3149:RT-23
3144:RT-21
3139:RT-20
3119:RS-26
3114:RS-24
3104:R-36M
3069:BZhRK
2933:Volga
2928:Dunay
2918:Dnepr
2888:96L6E
2838:P-100
2753:A-100
2737:Radar
2689:Rus-M
2637:Zenit
2472:X-254
2467:X-248
2457:UA120
2437:Orion
2412:Algol
2397:SRB-A
2392:M-34c
2367:KM-V1
2357:RSA-3
2333:Iran
2226:FG-47
2221:FG-46
2216:FG-36
2211:FG-02
2172:XLR81
2166:RS-88
2161:Curie
2151:Gamma
2126:Other
2110:XLR81
2099:RS-88
2094:LR-91
2089:LR-87
2039:S5.92
1967:17D61
1936:Vikas
1916:Vexin
1891:YF-40
1886:YF-23
1859:, or
1839:, or
1833:UH 25
1801:XLR50
1786:RS-56
1776:RS-27
1756:LR-89
1751:LR-79
1635:RD-58
1625:NK-15
1573:TH-12
1567:TH-11
1538:Semi-
1435:TQ-12
1430:TQ-11
1410:BF-20
1375:RS-68
1370:RS-25
1347:BE-3U
1292:CE-20
1272:Vinci
1256:YF-90
1249:YF-79
1243:YF-77
1233:YF-75
1228:YF-73
1039:(PDF)
1032:(PDF)
994:(22).
982:(PDF)
528:NK-33
503:CRS-2
488:AJ-26
140:Cycle
135:2.6:1
4118:R-29
4113:R-25
4108:R-15
4103:R-13
4098:R-11
4093:RD-9
4088:RD-8
4002:RP-9
3997:RP-6
3992:RP-5
3987:RP-1
3913:9M17
3908:9M15
3903:9M14
3847:R-77
3842:R-73
3837:R-60
3832:R-40
3827:R-38
3822:R-37
3817:R-33
3812:R-27
3807:R-23
3656:KS-1
3414:P-70
3409:P-15
3333:R-39
3328:R-29
3323:R-27
3318:R-21
3313:R-15
3308:R-13
3301:SLBM
3292:TR-1
3277:R-17
3267:R-11
3247:9K52
3230:SRBM
3216:R-12
3204:MRBM
3190:R-14
3183:IRBM
3124:RT-2
3109:R-46
3099:R-36
3094:R-26
3089:R-16
3074:GR-1
3062:ICBM
3042:N036
3037:N035
3032:N025
3027:N019
3022:N014
3017:N012
3012:N011
3007:N010
3002:N008
2997:N007
2992:N006
2987:N005
2982:N002
2977:N001
2908:Duga
2903:9S32
2898:9S19
2893:9S15
2883:76N6
2878:64N6
2873:36D6
2868:30N6
2863:1S91
2833:P-80
2828:P-70
2823:P-50
2818:P-40
2813:P-37
2808:P-35
2803:P-30
2798:P-20
2793:P-19
2788:P-18
2783:P-15
2778:P-14
2773:P-12
2768:P-10
2598:RP-1
2462:SRMU
2387:M-34
2382:M-24
2377:M-14
2352:LK-1
2342:Rafe
2327:S200
2322:S139
2272:P230
2267:P120
2200:fuel
2084:AJ10
1946:LK-4
1841:UDMH
1791:S-3D
1712:RD-8
1551:RP-1
1522:M-10
1466:BE-4
1365:RL10
1354:BE-7
1313:LE-9
1307:LE-7
1302:LE-5
1267:HM7B
1188:fuel
1160:for
1156:and
1094:2024
1069:2013
1047:2019
1015:2019
964:2015
941:2015
918:2015
895:2015
872:2015
849:2014
777:2022
751:2022
725:2022
684:2022
615:2015
589:2011
542:and
319:lit.
304:The
206:89:1
159:37:1
126:RP-1
58:2001
55:Date
3868:3M6
3802:R-8
3797:R-4
3792:R-3
3787:K-5
3404:P-5
3399:P-1
3262:R-2
3257:R-1
3242:2K6
3237:2K1
3211:R-5
3084:R-9
3079:R-7
2763:P-8
2758:P-3
2593:LOX
2422:GEM
2317:S12
2262:P80
2257:PAP
2252:P-6
2247:P-4
2147:UK
1931:PS4
1861:HNO
1857:MON
1837:MMH
1741:H-1
1736:F-1
1555:LOX
1397:LOX
1360:J-2
1216:LOX
355:LOX
122:LOX
4195::
2683:GX
2312:S9
2307:S7
1855:,
1844:/
1835:,
1830:,
1553:/
1395:/
1390:CH
1214:/
1209:LH
1085:.
990:.
984:.
840:.
768:.
742:.
716:.
606:.
353:/
316:,
312::
257:8°
124:/
2724:e
2717:t
2710:v
2526:e
2519:t
2512:v
2174:*
2168:*
2112:*
2101:*
1866:)
1863:3
1852:4
1850:O
1848:2
1846:N
1826:(
1557:)
1549:(
1399:)
1392:4
1388:(
1218:)
1211:2
1207:(
1146:e
1139:t
1132:v
1096:.
1071:.
1049:.
1017:.
992:8
966:.
943:.
920:.
897:.
874:.
851:.
779:.
753:.
727:.
686:.
617:.
591:.
308:(
186:f
174:f
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
