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on July 20, 1943, to Herman Rubin, an executive at a large insurance company, and
Lorraine Rubin (née Helman), the chairwoman of a large guidance department at a suburban high school. In 1946, the Rubins had another daughter, Laurel. While Adler was raised Reform, she became Orthodox in her teens as
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Adler completed her PhD degree in 1997 with her doctoral dissertation was titled "Justice and Peace Have Kissed: A Feminist
Theology of Judaism." Following her graduation, she was appointed to the joint faculty of Religion at USC and Jewish Thought at HUC-JIR. In 2001, she decided to serve only on
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entitled "I've Had
Nothing Yet, So I Can't Take More," in which she criticized rabbinic tradition for making women "a focus of the sacred rather than active participants in its processes," and declared that being a Jewish woman "is very much like being Alice at the Hatter's tea party. We did not
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did not "oppress or denigrate women." Instead, she argued, such immersion constituted a ritual reenactment of "death and resurrection" that was actually "equally accessible to men and women." However, she eventually renounced this position. In her essay
274:", published in Tikkun in 1993, she wrote "purity and impurity do not constitute a cycle through which all members of society pass, as I argued in my essay. Instead, impurity and purity define a class system in which the most impure people are women."
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159:, Adler married Moshe Adler, an Orthodox rabbi. Adler went on to graduate with her B.A. and M.A. degrees in English Literature from Northwestern University in 1965 and 1966. Adler's early publications "
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class in her home, teaching the text (in its original Hebrew and
Aramaic). This created the first rigorous Talmud study opportunity for lay women outside of New York and Israel.
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293:'s National Jewish Book Award for Jewish Thought. Among the book's contributions to Jewish thoughts was the creation of a new ritual, brit ahuvim, to replace the traditional
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and classical rabbinics; she ultimately separated from the
Orthodox movement and returned to Reform Judaism. In 1984, she divorced Moshe Adler.
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for which Adler was on the editorial board and contributed “Contemporary
Reflections” commentaries on Bereishit, Mishpatim, and Va’yakheil
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In 2008, Adler chose to enter HUC-JIR's rabbinical institute. On May 13, 2012, she was ordained as a rabbi by the Reform seminary
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for which she won the
Tuttleman Foundation Book Award of Gratz College and was the first female theologian to be awarded the
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in Los
Angeles. In 2013, Adler became the first person to hold the Rabbi David Ellenson Chair in Jewish Religious Thought at
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doctoral program in
Religion. The next year, she married Los Angeles attorney David Schulman, who she divorced in 2008.
171:" in 1971 and 1972, respectively, gained her international attention as a feminist spokesperson and Orthodox feminist.
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2004: "To Live
Outside the Law, You Must Be Honest"- Boundaries, Borderlands and the Ethics of Cultural Negotiation,
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in 1980 and worked as a therapist for several years. In the 1980s, Adler's writings became increasingly critical of
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1012:"Rachel Adler: Engendering Judaism | Literature Reviews | The Feminist Sexual Ethics Project | Brandeis University"
765:"HUC-JIR Graduation and Ordination Ceremonies in Los Angeles - Hebrew Union College - Jewish Institute of Religion"
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1177:""To Live Outside the Law, You Must Be Honest"- Boundaries, Borderlands and the Ethics of Cultural Negotiation"
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1989:
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104:(born Ruthelyn Rubin; July 2, 1943) is Professor Emerita of Modern Jewish Thought and Judaism and Gender at
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marriage ceremony, which Adler viewed as not according with feminist ideals of equality between the sexes.
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In 2020, Adler retired, though she has continued to teach virtually as a Professor Emerita at HUC-JIR.
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Adler gave birth to a son, Amitai Bezalel, in 1973. During the 1970s, while active as an Orthodox
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2008: "Contemporary Reflections” commentaries on Bereishit, Mishpatim, and Va’yakheil in
254:, this article was a trailblazer in analyzing the status of Jewish women using feminism.
182:, Adler completed all coursework for her doctorate in English. She went on to receive a
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707:"Velveteen Rabbi: Reprint: Interview with Rachel Adler (in anticipation of OHALAH)"
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participate in making the rules, nor were we there at the beginning of the party."
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1976: Reprint of Tum'ah and Toharah: Ends and Beginnings in E. Koltun (ed.),
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789:"Inauguration of the Rabbi David Ellenson Chair in Jewish Religious Thought"
175:
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6. Rachel Adler, "In Your Blood, Live: Re- visions of a Theological Purity"
631:"HUC-JIR > Faculty & Administration > Faculty > Rachel Adler"
342:
2022: The 2022 art exhibit “Holy Sparks”, shown among other places at the
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2014:
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Adler, Rachel. The Jew Who Wasn't There: Halakhah and the Jewish Woman."
116:
958:""Holy Sparks" Exhibition Celebrates 50 Years of Women in the Rabbinate"
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2019:
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994:"VIDEO: HOLY SPARKS – Celebrating 50 Years of Women in the Rabbinate"
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1204:
AJS Perspectives: The Magazine of the Association for Jewish Studies
349:
2008: Jewish Book Award, best book of the year in any category, for
1749:
1501:
747:"Leading feminist theologian to be ordained … at last - Religion"
976:"Holy Sparks: Celebrating Fifty Years of Women in the Rabbinate"
537:
Perspectives: The Magazine of the Association for Jewish Studies
2657:
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1993: In your blood, live: re-visions of a theology of purity,
119:
perspectives and concerns into Jewish texts and the renewal of
384:
The following is an incomplete list of Adler's publications.
261:." In this article she argued that the ritual immersion of a
4505:
Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion faculty
2653:
1290:
Professor Rachel Adler Faculty Page at Hebrew Union College
300:
Adler is the author of many articles that have appeared in
306:
Beginning Anew: A Woman's Companion to the High Holy Days
898:"THE JEW WHO WASN'T THERE: Halacha and the Jewish Woman"
408:
Holy Mysticat: Jewish Wisdom Stories by a Feline Mystic
395:
Engendering Judaism : An Inclusive Theology and Ethics.
358:
2000: Tuttleman Foundation Book Award of Gratz College
338:
Holy Mysticat: Jewish Wisdom Stories by a Feline Mystic
272:
In Your Blood, Live: Re-visions of a Theology of Purity
1308:
Engendering Judaism: An Inclusive Theology and Ethics.
428:
The Jew Who Wasn't There: Halacha and the Jewish Woman
244:
The Jew Who Wasn't There: Halacha and the Jewish Woman
161:
The Jew Who Wasn't There: Halacha and the Jewish Woman
1331:
873:
Jewish Voices in Feminism: Transnational Perspectives
434:(republished in 1978 in Menachem Marc Kellner (ed.),
374:
Engendering Judaism: An Inclusive Theology and Ethics
360:
Engendering Judaism: An Inclusive Theology and Ethics
287:
Engendering Judaism: An Inclusive Theology and Ethics
2767:
Timeline of women's legal rights (other than voting)
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195:
Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion
85:
70:
62:
54:
28:
21:
485:1983: I’ve Had Nothing Yet, So I Can't Take More,
217:Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion
804:"Groundbreaking rabbi now calls Pittsburgh home"
783:
781:
727:
725:
723:
465:1974: Abortion -the Need to Change Jewish Law,
438:, pp. 347– 54. New York: Sanhedrin Press.
238:(though she previously and later identified as
1295:Rachel Adler Article in Jewish Women's Archive
828:"Paula E. Hyman | Jewish Women's Archive"
155:On December 20, 1964, while still studying at
2669:
1765:
1358:
8:
1339:on the Berman Archive at Stanford University
1133:, Academic Studies Press, pp. 260–265,
681:"Rachel Adler | Jewish Women's Archive"
532:2013: Critiquing and Rethinking Kiddushin,
302:Blackwell's Companion to Feminist Philosophy
257:In 1972, she published an article entitled "
609:. Hampton Roads Publishing. pp. 153–.
4281:
3432:African-American women's suffrage movement
2892:
2697:
2676:
2662:
2654:
2557:
2514:
2474:
2201:
2138:
1999:
1913:
1849:
1772:
1758:
1750:
1577:
1397:
1365:
1351:
1343:
459:1974: Feminism, a Cause for the Halachic,
18:
4565:21st-century American non-fiction writers
4560:20th-century American non-fiction writers
1060:"Abortion -the Need to Change Jewish Law"
4500:University of Southern California alumni
3377:Discrimination against transgender women
1328:Jewish Women and the Feminist Revolution
701:
699:
697:
654:Libenson, Dan and Lex Rofeberg, hosts.
475:, pp. 63– 71. New York: Schocken.,
595:
451:Tum'ah and Toharah: Ends and Beginnings
259:Tum'ah and Toharah: Ends and Beginnings
169:Tum'ah and Toharah: Ends and Beginnings
1269:Response: A Contemporary Jewish Review
1246:Response: A Contemporary Jewish Review
956:Eckerling, Debra L. (March 31, 2022).
850:"American Jewish Feminism: Beginnings"
709:. Velveteenrabbi.blogs.com. 2013-01-10
562:Response: A Contemporary Jewish Review
556:Response: A Contemporary Jewish Review
242:), she published an article entitled "
3726:Post-structuralist discourse analysis
2992:Gender-critical or trans-exclusionary
2500:Jewish League for Woman Suffrage (UK)
1200:"Critiquing and Rethinking Kiddushin"
909:
907:
876:. U of Nebraska Press. pp. 85–.
606:Women's Spirituality: Power and Grace
554:1982: Second Hymn to the Shekhinah,
310:Contemporary Jewish Religious Thought
7:
2628:
1037:"Feminism, a Cause for the Halachic"
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
133:approach to gender is constructivist
16:Jewish theologian, rabbi (born 1943)
4555:21st-century American women writers
4550:20th-century American women writers
4485:Jewish American non-fiction writers
2638:
277:In 1983, she published an essay in
4490:American women non-fiction writers
1217:Adler, Rachel (1 September 2013).
1104:Adler, Rachel (13 November 1992).
1081:Adler, Rachel (6 September 1985).
1058:Adler, Rachel (15 November 1974).
1035:Adler, Rachel (6 September 1974).
560:1985: Third Hymn to the Shekhina,
473:The Jewish Woman: New Perspectives
14:
2568:Orthodox Jewish schools for women
1310:Jewish Publication Society, 1998
808:jewishchronicle.timesofisrael.com
250:magazine; according to historian
234:In 1971, while identifying as an
199:University of Southern California
178:at the Los Angeles and Minnesota
66:University of Southern California
4433:
4424:
4423:
4411:
3971:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3387:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
2637:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2606:
2495:League of Jewish Women (Germany)
1735:
1734:
1500:
1263:Adler, Rachel (1 January 1985).
1240:Adler, Rachel (1 January 1982).
1223:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
1198:Adler, Rachel (1 January 2013).
1175:Adler, Rachel (1 January 2004).
1110:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
1087:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
1064:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
1041:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
656:"God and Gender - Rachel Adler."
543:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
499:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
493:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
467:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
461:Sh'ma: A Journal of Jewish Ideas
351:The Torah: A Women's Commentary,
49:Chicago, Illinois, United States
4545:21st-century Jewish theologians
4540:20th-century Jewish theologians
1374:Women rabbis and Torah scholars
603:Mary Faulkner (1 August 2011).
521:The Torah: A Women's Commentary
204:In 1992, Adler began a women's
193:In 1986, Adler enrolled in the
2505:Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz
1891:World Congress of Jewish Women
1881:1907 New York City Rent Strike
1871:1904 New York City Rent Strike
1242:"Second Hymn to the Shekhinah"
848:Dr. Paula Hyman (2014-01-31).
541:2013: An Extraordinary Light,
1:
4480:Scholars of feminist theology
1127:Labovitz, Gail (2020-08-04),
336:silver medal in religion for
108:, at the Los Angeles campus.
4585:21st-century American rabbis
4580:20th-century American rabbis
4333:Suffragists and suffragettes
1265:"Third Hymn to the Shekhina"
334:IBPA Benjamin Franklin Award
265:(a menstruating woman) in a
4515:American Jewish theologians
661:, episode 138, 5 Oct. 2018.
322:On Being a Jewish Feminist.
111:Adler was one of the first
4601:
4495:American religious writers
497:1992: Talking Our Way In,
491:1985: A Letter to Fahtma,
436:Contemporary Jewish Ethics
368:for Jewish Thought by the
366:National Jewish Book Award
127:. Her approach to God is
4405:
3407:Female genital mutilation
2811:Majority-Muslim countries
2601:
2219:Rabbis and Torah scholars
1842:Gender and Jewish studies
1827:Matrilineality in Judaism
1732:
1498:
1380:
1139:10.1515/9781644693629-045
900:. Jewish Women's Archive.
802:Rullo, David (May 2023).
344:Dr. Bernard Heller Museum
95:
78:
4575:American women academics
4535:Jewish women theologians
4380:Women's studies journals
4338:Women's rights activists
2887:Movements and ideologies
2459:Women's Rabbinic Network
1866:1902 Kosher Meat Boycott
1699:Women's Rabbinic Network
1384:Timeline of women rabbis
1337:Articles by Rachel Adler
1219:"An Extraordinary Light"
943:The Kiddushin Variations
584:Role of women in Judaism
4570:Reform Jewish feminists
4530:Women religious writers
4470:Rabbis from Los Angeles
3923:International relations
2429:Women of Reform Judaism
2324:Haifa Women's Coalition
1860:Jewish Women's Congress
1709:Matan Women's Institute
285:In 1998, she published
157:Northwestern University
4465:American Reform rabbis
4353:Conservative feminisms
3651:Women in the workforce
3619:Violence against women
3594:Sexual objectification
3554:Opposition to feminism
2751:Bicycling and feminism
2593:Tomb of the Matriarchs
2374:League of Jewish Women
2329:Israel Women's Network
2074:Practices and concepts
1886:1909 Shirtwaist Strike
1741:Category: Women rabbis
1332:Jewish Women's Archive
230:Religious Perspectives
4393:Women in peacekeeping
3933:Revisionist mythology
3370:Children's literature
2419:Union of Jewish Women
2344:Women Artists' Circle
1897:Women's Torah Project
1206:. Spring 2013: 44–45.
1181:The Reconstructionist
767:. Huc.edu. 2012-06-25
513:The Reconstructionist
212:the HUC-JIR faculty.
184:Master of Social Work
3835:Pathways perspective
3680:Gender mainstreaming
3599:Substantive equality
3579:Reproductive justice
3529:Matriarchal religion
3382:Diversity (politics)
2485:Clara de Hirsch Home
1903:Women's Siyum HaShas
1714:Midreshet Lindenbaum
1535:Tehilla Lichtenstein
1451:Miriam Shapira-Luria
1303:(Summer 1971): 7–11.
1106:"Talking Our Way in"
1083:"A Letter to Fahtma"
852:. My Jewish Learning
455:The Jewish Catalogue
318:The Jewish Condition
221:Hebrew Union College
106:Hebrew Union College
4520:Reform women rabbis
4418:Feminism portal
4298:Ecofeminist authors
4148:Trinidad and Tobago
4088:Republic of Ireland
3948:Composition studies
3629:Women's empowerment
3584:Sex workers' rights
3509:Feminist capitalism
3489:Internalized sexism
3422:Feminism in culture
3300:Kurdish (Jineology)
2547:The American Jewess
1805:Early modern period
1435:(11th–12th century)
1000:. January 30, 2022.
919:Jewish Book Council
370:Jewish Book Council
291:Jewish Book Council
74:Professor (Emerita)
4475:American feminists
3793:Literary criticism
3670:Complementarianism
3392:Effects on society
3360:Complementarianism
3167:Women's liberation
2613:Judaism portal
2478:Historic / defunct
2192:Court of the Women
1822:Gender and Judaism
1481:Frehat Bat Avraham
1457:Fioretta of Modena
870:Nelly Las (2015).
143:Adler was born in
4447:
4446:
4401:
4400:
3810:Political ecology
3716:Écriture féminine
3614:Triple oppression
3604:Toxic masculinity
3589:Sexual harassment
3449:Feminist stripper
3427:Feminist movement
3341:
3340:
3279:Ethnic and racial
2880:
2879:
2651:
2650:
2576:
2575:
2556:
2555:
2533:Hadassah Magazine
2513:
2512:
2364:Kohenet Institute
2272:
2271:
2200:
2199:
2081:Gender separation
2069:
2068:
2020:Marriage contract
1954:Life cycle events
1949:
1948:
1912:
1911:
1876:1906 Tonsil Riots
1747:
1746:
1653:
1652:
1604:Reconstructionist
1581:First ordination
1496:
1495:
1433:Rashi's daughters
1148:978-1-64469-362-9
883:978-0-8032-7704-5
616:978-1-61283-135-0
99:
98:
4592:
4510:Jewish ethicists
4437:
4436:
4427:
4426:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4282:
4265:History of women
3741:Political theory
3641:
3634:Women-only space
3519:Likeability trap
3484:Invisible labour
3402:Female education
2893:
2888:
2848:African-American
2778:Women's suffrage
2769:
2756:Feminist history
2698:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2655:
2641:
2640:
2631:
2630:
2621:
2620:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2558:
2515:
2475:
2202:
2142:Prayer and study
2139:
2045:Ritual immersion
2000:
1914:
1850:
1810:In the Holocaust
1795:Women in Judaism
1781:Women in Judaism
1774:
1767:
1760:
1751:
1738:
1737:
1704:Yeshivat Maharat
1660:rabbinical roles
1578:
1504:
1487:Maiden of Ludmir
1426:early modern era
1401:Bible and Talmud
1398:
1367:
1360:
1353:
1344:
1277:
1276:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1016:www.brandeis.edu
1008:
1002:
1001:
998:Jewish Art Salon
990:
984:
983:
972:
966:
965:
953:
947:
946:
935:
929:
928:
926:
925:
911:
902:
901:
894:
888:
887:
867:
861:
860:
858:
857:
845:
839:
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835:
824:
818:
817:
815:
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793:
792:
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775:
773:
772:
761:
755:
754:
743:
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736:
729:
718:
717:
715:
714:
703:
692:
691:
689:
688:
677:
662:
652:
646:
645:
643:
642:
633:. Archived from
627:
621:
620:
600:
80:Theological work
46:
42:
40:
19:
4600:
4599:
4595:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4443:
4434:
4412:
4410:
4397:
4341:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4180:Northern Cyprus
3952:
3943:Science fiction
3736:Oedipus complex
3696:Women's studies
3657:
3656:
3655:
3639:
3549:Oedipus complex
3539:Men in feminism
3504:Language reform
3479:Ideal womanhood
3459:Gender equality
3454:Formal equality
3417:Feminationalism
3355:Cognitive labor
3337:
3305:Native American
3274:
3273:
3272:
3171:
3081:Post-structural
2886:
2876:
2772:
2765:
2761:Women's history
2739:
2687:
2682:
2652:
2647:
2607:
2605:
2597:
2572:
2552:
2509:
2490:Di Vilde Chayes
2473:
2424:Cantors Network
2304:Chochmat Nashim
2268:
2239:Toanot Rabniyot
2232:Yoetzet halacha
2205:Religious roles
2196:
2171:Tefillin Barbie
2137:
2065:
2025:Marital harmony
1998:
1945:
1924:Jewish feminism
1908:
1848:
1783:
1778:
1748:
1743:
1728:
1686:
1680:
1675:Toanot Rabniyot
1668:Yoetzet halacha
1659:
1649:
1583:by denomination
1582:
1576:
1559:Helen Levinthal
1505:
1492:
1475:Asenath Barzani
1445:Paula Dei Mansi
1425:
1419:
1410:(1107–1067 BCE)
1393:
1387:
1376:
1371:
1324:
1306:Adler, Rachel.
1286:
1281:
1280:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1197:
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1174:
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1126:
1125:
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1103:
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1098:
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1079:
1075:
1057:
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1052:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1020:
1018:
1010:
1009:
1005:
992:
991:
987:
974:
973:
969:
955:
954:
950:
945:. 30 July 2006.
937:
936:
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869:
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831:
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821:
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786:
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770:
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744:
740:
731:
730:
721:
712:
710:
705:
704:
695:
686:
684:
679:
678:
665:
659:Judaism Unbound
653:
649:
640:
638:
629:
628:
624:
617:
602:
601:
597:
592:
574:Jewish feminism
570:
551:
423:
390:
382:
329:
232:
141:
90:Jewish feminism
50:
47:
44:
38:
36:
35:
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4598:
4596:
4588:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
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4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
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4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4452:
4451:
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4442:
4441:
4431:
4421:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4386:SCUM Manifesto
4382:
4377:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4365:
4355:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4335:
4330:
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4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4288:
4279:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4257:
4255:United Kingdom
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
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4162:
4157:
4152:
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4150:
4145:
4140:
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4125:
4120:
4115:
4105:
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4055:
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4015:
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3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3928:Existentialism
3925:
3920:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3903:
3898:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3884:Existentialism
3881:
3880:
3879:
3877:Justice ethics
3869:
3864:
3859:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3838:
3837:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
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3728:
3723:
3718:
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3703:
3698:
3693:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3675:Gender studies
3672:
3667:
3665:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3646:Women's rights
3643:
3640:Women's health
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3524:Male privilege
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3493:International
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3424:
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3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3362:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3236:
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3221:
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3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3194:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3164:
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3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3010:
3009:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2962:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2890:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2850:
2845:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2826:United Kingdom
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2741:
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2738:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2725:
2715:
2710:
2704:
2702:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2673:
2666:
2658:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2635:
2625:
2615:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2584:
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2577:
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2564:
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2554:
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2551:
2550:
2543:
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2529:
2521:
2519:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2481:
2479:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2464:Women's Spirit
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2409:Philomath Club
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
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2198:
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2049:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2006:
2004:
1997:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1969:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1947:
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1936:
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1812:
1807:
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1791:
1789:
1788:General topics
1785:
1784:
1779:
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1769:
1762:
1754:
1745:
1744:
1733:
1730:
1729:
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1719:Nishmat Center
1716:
1711:
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1695:
1693:
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1681:
1679:
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1663:
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1637:
1627:
1617:
1607:
1597:
1586:
1584:
1575:
1574:
1571:Mimi Feigelson
1568:
1565:Sally Priesand
1562:
1556:
1550:
1547:Martha Neumark
1544:
1541:Paula Ackerman
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1513:
1511:
1510:Modern figures
1507:
1506:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1465:(16th century)
1460:
1454:
1453:(14th century)
1448:
1447:(13th century)
1442:
1441:(12th century)
1436:
1429:
1427:
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1411:
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1395:
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1355:
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1322:External links
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1070:(81): 163–164.
1050:
1047:(76): 125–126.
1027:
1003:
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967:
962:Jewish Journal
948:
930:
915:"Past Winners"
903:
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840:
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751:Jewish Journal
738:
733:"Rachel Adler"
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481:978-0805236149
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33:Ruthelyn Rubin
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3609:Transmisogyny
3607:
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3595:
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3569:Purplewashing
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3564:Protofeminism
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3474:Honor killing
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3145:Transnational
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3017:
3015:
3014:Individualist
3012:
3008:
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2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2913:Anti-abortion
2911:
2909:
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2838:United States
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2588:Rachel's Tomb
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2389:N'shei Chabad
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2277:Organizations
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2240:
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2161:
2159:
2158:
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2151:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2131:Homosexuality
2129:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2121:Birth control
2119:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2103:
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2053:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2040:Ritual purity
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2030:Head covering
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
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1685:Organisations
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1630:Tamara Kolton
1628:
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1610:Lynn Gottlieb
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1469:Eva Bacharach
1467:
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1455:
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1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
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1428:
1424:Medieval and
1422:
1416:(2nd century)
1415:
1412:
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1405:
1403:
1399:
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1316:0-8070-3619-6
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989:
986:
981:
977:
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963:
959:
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949:
944:
940:
939:"Brit Ahuvim"
934:
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916:
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904:
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702:
700:
698:
694:
682:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
664:
660:
657:
651:
648:
637:on 2002-03-17
636:
632:
626:
623:
618:
612:
608:
607:
599:
596:
589:
585:
582:
580:
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531:
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528:9780807410813
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296:
292:
288:
283:
280:
275:
273:
268:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
240:Reform Jewish
237:
229:
227:
224:
222:
218:
213:
209:
207:
202:
200:
196:
191:
189:
185:
181:
180:Hillel Houses
177:
172:
170:
166:
162:
158:
153:
151:
150:ba'al teshuva
146:
138:
136:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
115:to integrate
114:
109:
107:
103:
94:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
45:(age 81)
43:July 20, 1943
31:
27:
20:
4409:
4384:
4328:Rhetoricians
4318:Philosophers
4210:Saudi Arabia
4006:South Africa
3867:Epistemology
3820:Anthropology
3815:Architecture
3778:Legal theory
3685:Gynocentrism
3624:War on women
3559:Pro-feminism
3514:Gender-blind
3464:Gender quota
3437:Art movement
3229:Dianic Wicca
3108:Sex-positive
3071:Postcolonial
2938:Conservative
2918:Anti-fascist
2545:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2518:Publications
2414:Pi Alpha Tau
2261:
2237:
2230:
2211:
2184:
2177:
2164:
2163:Partnership
2155:
2148:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2056:
1992:Chag habanot
1991:
1990:Girls' Day (
1976:
1972:
1965:
1961:
1893:(1923, 1929)
1800:In the Bible
1689:
1673:
1666:
1640:Sara Hurwitz
1624:Conservative
1590:Regina Jonas
1553:Avis Clamitz
1529:Regina Jonas
1523:Lily Montagu
1382:
1307:
1300:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1226:
1222:
1212:
1203:
1193:
1184:
1180:
1170:
1160:, retrieved
1129:
1122:
1113:
1109:
1099:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1067:
1063:
1053:
1044:
1040:
1030:
1019:. Retrieved
1015:
1006:
997:
988:
979:
970:
961:
951:
942:
933:
922:. Retrieved
918:
892:
872:
865:
854:. Retrieved
843:
832:. Retrieved
822:
811:. Retrieved
807:
797:
769:. Retrieved
759:
750:
741:
711:. Retrieved
685:. Retrieved
658:
650:
639:. Retrieved
635:the original
625:
605:
598:
561:
555:
542:
533:
520:
512:
504:
498:
492:
486:
472:
466:
460:
454:
435:
431:
407:
394:
383:
380:Publications
373:
359:
354:
350:
337:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
299:
286:
284:
278:
276:
256:
247:
236:Orthodox Jew
233:
225:
214:
210:
203:
192:
173:
164:
154:
142:
110:
102:Rachel Adler
101:
100:
79:
23:Rachel Adler
4525:1943 births
4368:Comic books
4293:Art critics
4215:South Korea
4195:Philippines
4175:New Zealand
4170:Netherlands
3901:Pornography
3889:Metaphysics
3830:Criminology
3825:Archaeology
3798:Film theory
3499:Women's Day
3239:Ecofeminist
3098:Reactionary
3046:Materialist
2821:Switzerland
2816:New Zealand
2735:Fourth-wave
2718:Second-wave
2643:WikiProject
2157:Tseno Ureno
2015:Matchmaking
1977:bat mitzvah
1966:Simchat bat
1962:Zeved habat
1899:(2003–2010)
1620:Amy Eilberg
1600:Sandy Sasso
1561:(1910–1989)
1555:(1908-1991)
1549:(1904–1981)
1543:(1893–1989)
1537:(1893–1973)
1531:(1902–1944)
1525:(1873–1963)
1519:(1861–1948)
1489:(1805–1888)
1477:(1590–1670)
1471:(1580–1651)
1459:(1522–1580)
1439:Bat ha-Levi
1392:Pre-modern
1275:(3): 52–53.
1252:(1, 2): 60.
1229:(702): 4–5.
1116:(441): 5–6.
1093:(296): 121.
327:Recognition
252:Paula Hyman
113:theologians
55:Nationality
4454:Categories
4358:Literature
4303:Economists
4023:Bangladesh
3957:By country
3906:Psychology
3862:Empiricism
3857:Aesthetics
3852:Philosophy
3711:Patriarchy
3691:Matriarchy
3495:Girl's Day
3469:Girl power
3442:In hip hop
3365:Literature
3295:Indigenous
3234:Reclaiming
3130:Standpoint
3103:Separatism
3076:Postmodern
2970:Vegetarian
2960:Difference
2903:Analytical
2730:Third-wave
2713:First-wave
2263:Firzogerin
1983:For adults
1658:Alternate
1634:Humanistic
1463:Bayla Falk
1187:(2): 4–15.
1162:2023-05-09
1021:2023-05-08
924:2020-01-23
856:2017-06-26
834:2017-06-26
813:2023-05-08
771:2017-01-29
713:2017-06-26
687:2017-06-26
641:2017-06-26
590:References
402:0827605846
314:Lifecycles
129:Levinasian
121:Jewish law
71:Occupation
39:1943-07-20
4113:Argentina
4073:Indonesia
4063:Hong Kong
4018:Australia
3918:Seriality
3842:Geography
3768:Sociology
3721:Economics
3706:Kyriarchy
3197:Christian
3177:Religious
3118:Socialist
2908:Anarchist
2853:States of
2791:Australia
2404:Nivcharot
2294:B'not Esh
2213:Rebbetzin
2126:Sexuality
2114:In Israel
2035:Homemaker
1832:Bat-Kohen
1815:In Israel
1690:midrashot
1573:(b. 1963)
1567:(b. 1946)
1517:Ray Frank
1483:(d. 1756)
1330:from the
1157:234609569
830:. Jwa.org
683:. Jwa.org
176:Rebbetzin
63:Education
4429:Category
4363:American
4235:Thailand
4190:Pakistan
4160:Malaysia
4143:Paraguay
4133:Honduras
3981:Ethiopia
3847:Pedagogy
3773:Rhetoric
3763:Sexology
3756:Womanist
3751:Thealogy
3746:Theology
3544:Misogyny
3412:Femicide
3397:Equality
3346:Concepts
3261:Orthodox
3224:Neopagan
3212:Womanist
3192:Buddhist
3160:Africana
3155:Womanism
3051:Maternal
3041:Lipstick
3007:Activism
2977:Equality
2943:Cultural
2928:Carceral
2863:Virginia
2843:Timeline
2786:Timeline
2723:timeline
2708:Timeline
2685:Feminism
2623:Category
2314:Hadassah
2284:Aminadav
2255:Timeline
2224:Timeline
2186:Mechitza
2179:Midrasha
2109:Abortion
2010:Marriage
2003:Marriage
1929:Orthodox
1917:Feminism
1837:Bat Levi
1644:Orthodox
568:See also
421:Articles
131:and her
117:feminist
58:American
4375:Parties
4250:Ukraine
4245:Vietnam
4155:Lebanon
4053:Germany
4043:Finland
4038:Denmark
4013:Albania
4001:Senegal
3996:Nigeria
3911:Therapy
3894:Science
3805:Biology
3322:Mizrahi
3290:Chicana
3251:Islamic
3187:Atheist
3123:Marxist
3093:Radical
3029:Liberal
3024:Lesbian
3002:Hip hop
2982:Eugenic
2923:Atheist
2896:General
2868:Wyoming
2701:General
2693:History
2633:Commons
2561:Schools
2469:Vocolot
2394:Na'amat
2379:Maharat
2289:Bat Kol
2052:Divorce
1939:Mizrahi
1934:Israeli
1853:History
1646:, 2009)
1636:, 1999)
1626:, 1985)
1616:, 1981)
1614:Renewal
1606:, 1974)
1596:, 1935)
1414:Bruriah
1408:Deborah
1394:figures
1284:Sources
549:Liturgy
406:2020:
364:1999:
246:," in
163:," in
145:Chicago
4389:(1967)
4313:Muslim
4308:Jewish
4286:People
4240:Turkey
4230:Taiwan
4220:Sweden
4205:Russia
4200:Poland
4185:Norway
4138:Mexico
4118:Brazil
4093:Israel
4058:Greece
4048:France
4028:Canada
3966:Africa
3872:Ethics
3731:Method
3663:Theory
3574:Racism
3329:Romani
3317:Jewish
3256:Jewish
3202:Mormon
3150:Victim
3113:Social
3086:French
3034:Equity
2997:Global
2933:Choice
2806:Kuwait
2796:Canada
2744:Social
2581:Places
2540:Lilith
2384:Ma'yan
2369:Kolech
2319:Hadran
2250:Cantor
2245:Scribe
2165:minyan
2150:Tkhine
2101:Yichud
2094:Negiah
2087:Tzniut
2058:Agunah
1905:(2020)
1862:(1893)
1739:
1724:Hadran
1594:Reform
1314:
1155:
1145:
880:
613:
526:
506:Tikkun
487:Moment
479:
449:1972:
442:
426:1971:
413:
400:
393:1998:
332:2023:
320:, and
295:erusin
279:Moment
267:mikveh
263:niddah
206:Talmud
188:Niddah
167:and "
125:ethics
4439:Index
4346:Other
4323:Poets
4278:Lists
4225:Syria
4165:Nepal
4128:Haiti
4123:Chile
4103:Japan
4098:Italy
4068:India
4033:China
3986:Ghana
3976:Egypt
3534:Media
3334:White
3285:Black
3246:Hindu
3217:Asian
3140:Trans
3135:State
3066:Post-
3019:Labor
2948:Cyber
2831:Wales
2801:Japan
2526:Binah
2354:JWCIF
2349:JWCEO
2309:Eshel
1301:Davka
1153:S2CID
432:Davka
388:Books
248:Davka
165:Davka
4083:Iraq
4078:Iran
3991:Mali
3497:and
3310:Sámi
3268:Sikh
3056:Neo-
2858:Utah
2449:WLCJ
2444:WIZO
2399:NCJW
2334:JOFA
1975:and
1687:and
1312:ISBN
1143:ISBN
878:ISBN
611:ISBN
524:ISBN
477:ISBN
440:ISBN
411:ISBN
398:ISBN
139:Life
123:and
29:Born
3783:Art
3207:New
3061:New
2987:Fat
2965:Eco
2953:HCI
2454:WLI
2439:W4W
2434:WoW
2359:JWI
2339:JWA
2299:CWJ
1973:Bar
1135:doi
980:HUC
535:AJS
4456::
1964:/
1273:14
1271:.
1267:.
1250:13
1248:.
1244:.
1227:44
1225:.
1221:.
1202:.
1185:68
1183:.
1179:.
1151:,
1141:,
1114:23
1112:.
1108:.
1091:15
1089:.
1085:.
1066:.
1062:.
1043:.
1039:.
1014:.
996:.
978:.
960:.
941:.
917:.
906:^
806:.
780:^
749:.
722:^
696:^
666:^
453:,
430:,
372:,
316:,
312:,
308:,
304:,
223:.
152:.
148:a
135:.
41:)
2677:e
2670:t
2663:v
1994:)
1773:e
1766:t
1759:v
1642:(
1632:(
1622:(
1612:(
1602:(
1592:(
1366:e
1359:t
1352:v
1137::
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1045:4
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37:(
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