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life, her country manners and full figure were severely in contrast with
Jackson's tall, spindly form and developed genteel manners. However, her love for her husband was unmistakable: she languished when he was away for politics, fretted when he was away at war, and doted on him when he was at home. Unlike Jackson, Rachel never liked being in the spotlight of events. She would consistently warn her husband not to let his political accomplishments rule him; for example, after Jackson's victory at the
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explains that this narrative was concocted during Andrew
Jackson's candidacy for president in the 1828 election: in order to "combat the attacks on Jackson’s character and Rachel’s virtue, the Jackson campaign formed the Nashville Committee published a story with a new timeline and circumstances of the Jackson marriage — the alternative facts of the Jackson campaign were that Rachel thought she was already divorced when she joined her fate to Andrew Jackson in 1791."
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adultery, Lewis
Robards was granted a divorce in 1794. At about the same time, the legitimacy of the Jackson marriage was questioned because they were married in then-Spanish-controlled Natchez, Mississippi. The Jacksons were Protestants, and only Catholic marriages were recognized as legal unions in that territory. After the divorce was finally legalized in 1794, Andrew and Rachel wed again in a quiet ceremony at the Donelson home.
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In 1793, Andrew and Rachel
Jackson learned that although Lewis Robards had filed for divorce, the divorce had never been granted. This made Rachel a bigamist and an adulteress, as well as making General Jackson, soon a politician on the rise, an adulterer. On the grounds of Rachel's abandonment and
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Rachel attracted much attention from suitors because she was very beautiful as a young woman, described by a contemporary as having "lustrous black eyes, dark glossy hair, full red lips, brunette complexion, though of brilliant coloring, a sweet oval face rippling with smiles and dimples." Later in
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In this article, "to elope"/"elopement" (as when Rachel
Donelson eloped to Natchez with Andrew Jackson) has two related but incompatible denotations. In the context of the belief that Rachel had been wholly divorced from Lewis Robards, when Rachel elopes, "an unmarried person run away secretly for
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The publicity surrounding her and the public knowledge of what was considered a very private matter caused Rachel to sink into depression. She reputedly told a friend "I would rather be a doorkeeper in the house of God than live in that palace in
Washington." Adding to her stress, in 1828, Lyncoya
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Ann
Toplovich of the Tennessee Historical Society argues that the above narrative, of unintentional bigamy and unintentional adultery, has concealed the fact of Rachel's agency and exercise of self-determination, and doesn't "give this strong woman credit for choosing a better husband". Toplovich
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Around 1817 the
Jacksons adopted Andrew Jackson Hutchings who was the grandson of Rachel's sister and the son of a former business partner of Jackson's. He attended school with Andrew Jr. and Lyncoya. He then attended colleges in Washington and Virginia while Jackson was president. In 1833, he
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was complicated by the distances involved and the changing governmental authorities. During the process of Rachel and
Robards's divorce, Kentucky became a state instead of a territory of Virginia, and North Carolina turned over management of the territory including Tennessee to the federal
600:, "making it central to the argument that he would devastate the integrity of the Republic and its institutions." One newspaper ran an article asking, "'Ought a convicted adulteress and her paramour husband to be placed in the highest offices of this free and Christian land?'"
561:. Lyncoya was educated along with Andrew Jr., and Jackson had aspirations of sending him to West Point, as well. Political circumstances made that impossible, and he instead trained as a saddle maker in Nashville. He died of tuberculosis on June 1, 1828.
623:. That her death came immediately before Jackson left for Washington was more than an inconvenience; it was crippling. He held her body tightly until he was pulled away, and he lingered at the Hermitage until the latest possible date.
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Even though her maladies began as early as 1825, and she was a cigar smoker, Jackson always blamed his political enemies for her death. "May God
Almighty forgive her murderers", Jackson swore at her funeral, "I never can."
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In contrast, Ann Toplovich, executive director of the Tennessee Historical Society, writes that Rachel Donelson Robards knowingly left her husband for Andrew Jackson in late 1789, eloping to Spanish-controlled Natchez.
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Although the Jacksons never had biological children, they adopted her nephew in 1809 and named him Andrew Jackson Jr. When his father became president, Andrew Jr. assumed management of the Hermitage farm. He married
580:, Adjutant General and Inspector General of the United States Army from July 1793 until May 1794, and the children of Rachel's brother Samuel Donelson's son. These children did not live with the Jacksons full time.
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the purpose of getting married with one's intended spouse"; however, in the context of Rachel knowing full well that she had not been divorced yet, when Rachel elopes, " run away from home with a paramour".
328:, Rachel was noted for her deep religious piety. During the deeply personal prelude to the 1828 election, she was the subject of extremely negative attacks from the supporters of Andrew Jackson's opponent,
317:. In about 1791, she eloped with Andrew Jackson, believing that Robards had secured the couple a divorce. It was later revealed that he had not, meaning that her marriage to Jackson was inadvertently
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see Psalm 84:10 (KJV), "For a day in thy courts is better than a thousand. I had rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God, than to dwell in the tents of wickedness."
514:. Rachel believed that her husband had obtained a divorce, but as it had never been completed, her marriage to Jackson was inadvertently bigamous and therefore invalid.
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government. These complicating factors were understood by locals and the unusual circumstances of the Jackson marriage were not greatly discussed in Nashville society.
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She was buried on the grounds at the Hermitage wearing the white dress and shoes she had bought for the inaugural ball. Her epitaph, written by
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Jackson died at the Hermitage. Between the scandal, her son's death, and a heart condition she spent much of the campaign depressed and crying.
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She had a close relationship with her husband. She was usually anxious while he was away tending to military or political affairs. A
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According to Toplovich, John Quincy Adams' presidential campaigns targeted Jackson's "passion and lack of self-control" in both
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during the Jackson Administration, reads: "A being so gentle and so virtuous slander might wound, but could not dishonor."
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Mary Donelson Caffery (born 1751). Wife of Captain John Caffery. Parents of Jane Caffrey wife of painter
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1473:"Marriage, Mayhem, and Presidential Politics: The Robards-Jackson Backcountry Scandal"
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The Petticoat Affair: Manners, Mutiny, and Sex in Andrew Jackson's White House
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Samuel Donelson (1758–1804), father of Andrew Jackson Donelson and CS General
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and before his inauguration in 1829—therefore she never served as
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Wife of Andrew Jackson, 7th president of the United States (1767–1828)
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Rachel Jackson was the title character of a 1951 historical novel by
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C. 1830–1832 portrait of President Andrew Jackson by Ralph E.W. Earle
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971:"Education & Resources - National Women's History Museum - NWHM"
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https://filsonhistorical.org/archive/ovhpdfs/OVH_V5N4_Toplovich.pdf
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John Donelson (1755–1830), father of Emily Donelson, first wife of
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Andrew Jackson served as the guardian for the children of Captain
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Presidential Campaigns: From George Washington to George W. Bush
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She died suddenly on December 22, 1828, at the age of 61 of a
650:, in Nashville, Tennessee, built in 1985, was named for her.
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Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Empire, 1767–1821
882:. Virginia Department of Historic Resources. Archived from
459:) would tempt him to value his glory over his own family.
282:; June 15, 1767 – December 22, 1828) was the wife of
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and of Donelson Caffrey (1786–1835), father of Senator
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The tomb of Andrew and Rachel Jackson at the Hermitage
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about 1670. She had seven brothers and three sisters:
1246:"Irving Stone, Author of 'Lust for Life,' Dies at 86"
1089:"Rachel | Andrew Jackson's Wife and Love of His Life"
1005:"This is the real story of Andrew and Rachel Jackson"
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1864:List of federal judges appointed by Andrew Jackson
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418:From about 1770 to 1779, her father operated the
1684:United States Senate Committee on Armed Services
1371:American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House
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553:orphan boy who was found on the battlefield of
1423:. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, Inc.
1399:The Presidents of the United States, 1789-1914
1349:. New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
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1135:"Children | Andrew Jackson's Adopted Family"
924:"How Jackson tried to save his wife's honor"
478:Rachel Donelson's first marriage to Captain
1375:. New York: Random House Publishing Group.
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1896:(Washington D.C. and New Orleans statues)
1699:Andrew Jackson 1828 presidential campaign
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694:Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
634:, who would later become involved in the
352:on June 15, 1767. Her father was Colonel
1809:1832 United States presidential election
1694:1828 United States presidential election
1679:1824 United States presidential election
1649:Battles of Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek
1589:Federal Military Commissioner of Florida
1438:"Rachel and Andrew Jackson's Love Story"
382:Catherine Donelson Hutchings (1752–1835)
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470:and religious works as well as poetry.
309:Rachel Jackson was married at first to
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290:. She lived with him at their home at
1824:Second inauguration of Andrew Jackson
1313:(12 ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
1294:. New York: Oxford University Press.
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1727:First inauguration of Andrew Jackson
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648:Rachel Jackson State Office Building
411:Severn Donelson (1763– or 1773–1818)
119:The Hermitage (Nashville, Tennessee)
1880:List of memorials to Andrew Jackson
1814:1832 Democratic National Convention
1521:First Ladies: Influence & Image
688:), Rachel Jackson was portrayed by
1345:Andrew Jackson: His Life and Times
875:Anne Carter Lee (September 1972).
678:as the Jacksons. In the 1936 film
340:Rachel Donelson was born near the
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1219:"Tribute to Jackson and His Wife"
1055:"The Changing Meaning of 'Elope'"
294:, where she died just days after
2145:People from Nashville, Tennessee
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1393:(1914). "John Quincy Adams". In
1244:Krebs, Albin (August 28, 1989).
796:"National First Ladies' Library"
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549:In 1813, the Jacksons adopted a
506:When Andrew Jackson migrated to
494:Relationship with Andrew Jackson
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1804:1830 State of the Union Address
1799:1829 State of the Union Address
1034:Wiktionary, the free dictionary
302:, a role assumed by her niece,
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18:Rachel Donelson Robards Jackson
1767:Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek
1573:President of the United States
1181:"Presidents Who Smoked Cigars"
684:(a fictionalized biography of
388:Jane Donelson Hays (1754–1834)
368:Alexander Donelson (1749–1785)
288:president of the United States
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1784:Banking in the Jacksonian Era
836:White House History biography
385:Stockley Donelson (1753–1804)
2160:19th-century American people
2155:18th-century American people
1944:Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson
1288:Boller, Paul F. Jr. (2004).
692:, who was nominated for the
402:William Donelson (1756–1820)
395:; grandfather of CS General
373:Ralph Eleaser Whiteside Earl
2180:19th-century American women
2175:18th-century American women
1732:Tenure of Office Act (1820)
356:(1718–1785), co-founder of
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2170:19th-century Presbyterians
2165:18th-century Presbyterians
1839:Ordinance of Nullification
1664:Battle of Pensacola (1814)
1415:Remini, Robert V. (1977).
1311:American History: A Survey
654:Popular culture depictions
588:Election of 1828 and death
573:. Hutchings died in 1841.
446:Appearance and personality
414:Leven Donelson (born 1765)
107:Davidson County, Tennessee
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841:January 26, 2011, at the
428:Franklin County, Virginia
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2185:Family of Andrew Jackson
1654:Battle of Horseshoe Bend
336:Early life and education
2058:Jackson as slave trader
2000:Andrew Jackson Donelson
1471:Toplovich, Ann (2005).
1403:Charles Scribner's Sons
1309:Brinkley, Alan (2007).
1059:www.merriam-webster.com
727:Andrew Jackson Donelson
582:Andrew Jackson Donelson
518:Rachel's marital status
420:Washington Iron Furnace
393:Andrew Jackson Donelson
344:, about ten miles from
221:Andrew Jackson Donelson
2150:American Presbyterians
1659:Treaty of Fort Jackson
1619:Battle of Hanging Rock
1583:(1797–1798, 1823–1825)
1581:Senator from Tennessee
621:heart attacks in women
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546:on November 24, 1831.
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2006:Daniel Smith Donelson
1937:The Remarkable Andrew
1888:(U.S. Capitol statue)
1669:Battle of New Orleans
737:Rachel Jackson Stakes
696:for her performance.
668:film of the same name
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484:Harrodsburg, Kentucky
453:Battle of New Orleans
407:Daniel Smith Donelson
227:Daniel Smith Donelson
2190:Burials in Tennessee
1907:The President's Lady
1829:Nullification crisis
1709:Jacksonian democracy
1507:The Jackson Marriage
1183:. December 18, 2017.
664:The President's Lady
512:Natchez, Mississippi
508:Nashville, Tennessee
397:John Donelson Martin
358:Nashville, Tennessee
233:John Donelson Martin
150: 1787;
2087:← John Quincy Adams
2053:Jackson and slavery
2026:(acting First Lady)
2024:Sarah Yorke Jackson
2020:(acting First Lady)
1819:Maysville Road veto
1644:Battle of Talladega
1597:U.S. Representative
1477:Ohio Valley History
981:on November 8, 2016
636:Peggy Eaton scandal
350:Pittsylvania County
245:Sarah Yorke Jackson
76:Pittsylvania County
2094:Martin Van Buren →
1930:The Gorgeous Hussy
1757:Indian Removal Act
1601:Tennessee at-large
1444:Marszalek, John F.
1395:James Grant Wilson
1274:TCM Movie Database
1250:The New York Times
1223:The New York Times
681:The Gorgeous Hussy
613:
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432:Fort Patrick Henry
80:Colony of Virginia
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1977:President Jackson
1493:PDF AVAILABLE AT
1430:978-0-8018-5911-3
1382:978-1-4000-6325-3
457:George Washington
346:Chatham, Virginia
330:John Quincy Adams
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247:(daughter-in-law)
99:December 22, 1828
16:(Redirected from
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1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1777:Senate censure
1769:
1764:
1762:Trail of Tears
1759:
1754:
1752:Indian removal
1749:
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1593:
1585:
1577:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:Andrew Jackson
1556:
1554:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1512:Rachel Jackson
1509:
1502:
1501:External links
1499:
1498:
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1236:
1225:. May 22, 1953
1210:
1206:Marszalek 1997
1198:
1186:
1172:
1163:
1161:, p. 194.
1151:
1105:
1071:
1046:
1036:, June 2, 2024
1021:
1009:The Tennessean
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867:
846:
813:
802:on May 9, 2012
767:
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534:
531:
495:
492:
475:
474:First marriage
472:
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416:
415:
412:
409:
403:
400:
389:
386:
383:
380:
369:
342:Banister River
337:
334:
304:Emily Donelson
286:, the seventh
284:Andrew Jackson
271:Rachel Jackson
266:
265:
257:
256:
252:
251:
249:
248:
242:
236:
235:(great-nephew)
230:
224:
218:
215:Emily Donelson
211:
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165:Andrew Jackson
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103:(aged 61)
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39:
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36:Rachel Jackson
35:
26:
24:
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2:
2207:
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2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2014:(adopted son)
2013:
2010:
2008:(adopted son)
2007:
2004:
2002:(adopted son)
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
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1964:
1962:
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1955:
1953:
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1948:
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1922:The Buccaneer
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1737:Spoils system
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1674:Seminole Wars
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1639:Fort Strother
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1629:The Hermitage
1627:
1625:
1624:Hunter's Hill
1622:
1620:
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1463:0-684-82801-4
1459:
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1303:
1301:9780198037378
1297:
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1271:
1266:
1263:
1251:
1247:
1240:
1237:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1208:, p. 21.
1207:
1202:
1199:
1196:, p. 46.
1195:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1152:
1140:
1139:The Hermitage
1136:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1094:
1093:The Hermitage
1090:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1035:
1031:
1025:
1022:
1010:
1006:
999:
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993:
980:
976:
972:
966:
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962:
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958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
942:
929:
925:
919:
917:
913:
910:, p. 13.
909:
904:
901:
885:
878:
871:
868:
864:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
847:
844:
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837:
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822:
820:
818:
814:
801:
797:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
777:
775:
773:
769:
763:
752:
749:
742:
738:
735:
733:
732:John Donelson
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
715:
704:
699:
697:
695:
691:
687:
683:
682:
677:
673:
672:Susan Hayward
669:
665:
661:
653:
651:
649:
641:
639:
637:
633:
628:
624:
622:
618:
609:
605:
601:
599:
595:
587:
585:
583:
579:
578:Edward Butler
574:
572:
568:
562:
560:
556:
555:Tallushatchee
552:
547:
545:
541:
532:
530:
526:
522:
519:
515:
513:
509:
500:
493:
491:
487:
485:
481:
480:Lewis Robards
473:
471:
469:
465:
460:
458:
454:
445:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
413:
410:
408:
404:
401:
398:
394:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
374:
370:
367:
366:
365:
363:
359:
355:
354:John Donelson
351:
347:
343:
335:
333:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
311:Lewis Robards
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:the Hermitage
289:
285:
281:
278:
277:
272:
263:
258:
253:
246:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
228:
225:
222:
219:
216:
213:
212:
210:
206:
201:
200:John Donelson
198:
194:
191:
188:2, including
187:
183:
166:
159:
158:
137:
136:Lewis Robards
130:
129:
127:
123:
120:
117:
115:Resting place
113:
108:
98:
94:
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:June 15, 1767
60:
56:
51:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
2101:
2092:
2085:
1993:
1976:
1967:
1958:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1920:
1912:
1905:
1893:
1885:
1873:Public image
1519:
1480:
1476:
1448:
1418:
1401:. New York:
1398:
1370:
1365:Meacham, Jon
1344:
1339:Brands, H.W.
1327:. Retrieved
1310:
1290:
1282:Bibliography
1270:Beulah Bondi
1265:
1253:. Retrieved
1249:
1239:
1227:. Retrieved
1222:
1213:
1201:
1189:
1175:
1166:
1154:
1142:. Retrieved
1138:
1096:. Retrieved
1092:
1062:. Retrieved
1058:
1049:
1038:, retrieved
1033:
1024:
1012:. Retrieved
1008:
983:. Retrieved
979:the original
975:www.nwhm.org
974:
932:. Retrieved
927:
908:Meacham 2008
903:
891:. Retrieved
884:the original
870:
804:. Retrieved
800:the original
751:
690:Beulah Bondi
679:
663:
660:Irving Stone
657:
645:
629:
625:
617:heart attack
614:
602:
591:
575:
563:
548:
544:Philadelphia
536:
527:
523:
516:
505:
488:
477:
464:Presbyterian
461:
449:
417:
379:(1835–1906).
339:
326:Presbyterian
323:
308:
296:his election
279:
275:
270:
269:
101:(1828-12-22)
48:Portrait by
29:
2135:1828 deaths
2130:1767 births
1603:(1796–1797)
1575:(1829–1837)
1483:(4): 3–22.
1194:Boller 2004
1159:Remini 1977
1144:December 7,
1098:December 7,
985:December 7,
934:December 7,
863:Brands 2005
686:Peggy Eaton
567:John Coffee
540:Sarah Yorke
438:, down the
424:Rocky Mount
399:(1830–1862)
239:John Walker
2124:Categories
1970:(SSBN-619)
1844:Force Bill
1789:Hard money
1719:Presidency
1454:Free Press
1409:Wikisource
1391:John Fiske
1356:1400030722
764:References
632:John Eaton
462:She was a
300:first lady
68:1767-06-15
1854:Pet banks
1634:Creek War
1489:2377-0600
1329:March 25,
670:starring
642:Memorials
315:Nashville
255:Signature
208:Relatives
196:Parent(s)
2108:Category
2032:(nephew)
1772:Bank War
1446:(1997).
1367:(2008).
1341:(2005).
839:Archived
806:April 7,
700:See also
533:Children
362:Scotland
319:bigamous
280:Donelson
229:(nephew)
223:(nephew)
185:Children
88:Virginia
2063:Gilbert
1959:Jackson
1397:(ed.).
1272:at the
1255:May 31,
1229:May 31,
1064:June 5,
1040:June 5,
1030:"elope"
1014:June 5,
928:cnn.com
893:July 6,
571:Alabama
559:Lyncoya
217:(niece)
190:Lyncoya
178:
170:
156:
144:
140:
125:Spouses
90:, U.S.)
2046:Slaves
1996:(wife)
1987:Family
1961:(1832)
1925:(1958)
1917:(1938)
1591:(1821)
1516:C-SPAN
1487:
1460:
1427:
1379:
1353:
1323:C-SPAN
1298:
109:, U.S.
52:, 1823
2038:(pet)
1957:USRC
930:. CNN
887:(PDF)
880:(PDF)
743:Notes
551:Creek
468:Bible
348:, in
172:(
168:
146:(
142:
86:(now
2036:Poll
1975:USS
1966:USS
1612:Life
1599:for
1485:ISSN
1458:ISBN
1425:ISBN
1377:ISBN
1351:ISBN
1331:2013
1296:ISBN
1257:2017
1231:2017
1146:2016
1100:2016
1066:2024
1042:2024
1016:2024
987:2016
936:2016
895:2013
808:2013
674:and
646:The
598:1828
596:and
594:1824
152:div.
96:Died
58:Born
1570:7th
1518:'s
1514:at
1407:In
542:of
482:of
434:to
422:at
313:in
276:née
2126::
1479:.
1475:.
1456:.
1452:.
1321:.
1248:.
1221:.
1137:.
1108:^
1091:.
1074:^
1057:.
1032:,
1007:.
995:^
973:.
944:^
926:.
915:^
849:^
816:^
771:^
662:,
426:,
306:.
174:m.
148:m.
82:,
78:,
1550:e
1543:t
1536:v
1491:.
1481:5
1466:.
1433:.
1411:.
1405:.
1385:.
1359:.
1333:.
1304:.
1259:.
1233:.
1148:.
1102:.
1068:.
1018:.
989:.
938:.
897:.
865:.
810:.
273:(
70:)
66:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
