19:
185:
110:
199:
Norwegians participated in slavery and colonialism as financiers, sailors, merchants, colonial administrators, and sometimes as settlers. Norwegians commonly deny responsibility for slavery and colonialism by arguing that
Norwegians were living under Danish rule during the time that Norwegians
129:
for many centuries. Beginning in the 15th and 16th centuries, Norwegian farmers began to colonize Sámi land. The
Norwegian government would later encourage the colonization of Sámi land and the assimilation of Sámi people through policies known as "Norwegianization".
85:" regarding their country's history of racism and colonialism. Norwegianization policies were historically pursued by the Norwegian government to encourage the assimilation of ethnic minorities including the Sámi, Kvens, Forest Finns, and Norwegian Finns.
297:
321:
397:
483:
145:. The skeletons were repatriated in 1997. The Sámi attempt to have their ancestors' remains repatriated is the subject of the 1999 documentary
345:
240:
225:
18:
611:
94:
245:
441:
98:
161:, some Norwegians collaborated with the German Nazis, most notably the Norwegian military officer and Minister President
748:
561:
373:
23:
541:
158:
78:
476:
855:
809:
668:
586:
349:
824:
776:
673:
781:
633:
786:
192:
703:
663:
643:
623:
230:
220:
814:
834:
819:
766:
733:
469:
146:
81:. Despite Norway's reputation for tolerance, Norwegian anti-racist activists believe that Norway has a "
653:
551:
536:
516:
511:
506:
188:
26:, a child of African descent who was murdered by members of the neo-Nazi Boot Boys, January 26th, 2001.
829:
771:
658:
556:
393:
804:
648:
526:
200:
participated in the Dano-Norwegian slave trade and the Dano-Norwegian colonization of the
Caribbean.
638:
207:
due to
Norwegian participation in slavery on the islands of St Thomas, St John and St Croix in the
204:
168:
Several neo-Nazi, white supremacist, and far right organizations operate in Norway, including the
70:
718:
713:
688:
546:
250:
208:
134:
74:
203:
In 2013, a commission established by
Caribbean countries announced its intent to sue Norway for
133:
For many years, Sámi skeletons were kept in the collections of the
Anatomical Institute at the
743:
693:
606:
601:
591:
576:
571:
566:
531:
521:
277:
738:
728:
708:
698:
683:
628:
596:
581:
492:
82:
723:
618:
421:
173:
162:
122:
184:
142:
118:
42:
22:
Torchlight procession at
Youngstorget in Oslo, Norway, January 26, 2011, in memory of
849:
417:
50:
322:"Report on oppression of indigenous groups to be read in Norway's national theatre"
66:
62:
38:
46:
138:
34:
445:
325:
235:
169:
273:
109:
126:
301:
58:
461:
369:
183:
108:
54:
465:
298:"Human zoo hopes to challenge Norway's image on racism"
795:
757:
499:
37:(especially non-white and non-Western immigrants),
113:Graves of Aslak Hætta and Mons Somby, August 2009.
268:
266:
442:"Norway asked to pay up for slave-owning past"
93:During the early 1900s, as late as the 1930s,
477:
8:
484:
470:
462:
17:
398:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
262:
370:"Sami human remains must be returned"
346:"Cultures of Norway: The Sami people"
7:
241:Norse colonization of North America
226:Antisemitism in contemporary Norway
73:, historically participated in the
14:
418:"Scandinavia and the Slave Trade"
195:'s manor house from 1685 to 1693.
274:"Racism in the Nordic countries"
1:
137:, including the skeletons of
125:have inhabited the region of
69:. Norwegians, as citizens of
246:Norwegianization of the Sámi
159:German occupation of Norway
79:Danish overseas colonialism
872:
99:subjected to sterilization
61:in Norway also experience
374:Sámi Parliament of Norway
350:Norwegian Coastal Express
191:, Norwegian slave owner
180:Slavery and colonialism
95:Romani people in Norway
542:Bosnia and Herzegovina
231:Islamophobia in Norway
221:Anti-Finnish sentiment
196:
114:
27:
187:
153:Nazism and Neo-Nazism
147:Give Us Our Skeletons
112:
21:
758:States with limited
205:slavery reparations
251:Nordic colonialism
209:Danish West Indies
197:
189:Kronstad HovedgĂĄrd
135:University of Oslo
115:
89:Anti-Romani racism
83:collective amnesia
75:Danish slave trade
28:
24:Benjamin Hermansen
843:
842:
493:Racism in Europe
394:"Vidkun Quisling"
278:Aarhus University
193:Jørgen Thormøhlen
33:commonly targets
863:
856:Racism in Norway
796:Dependencies and
500:Sovereign states
486:
479:
472:
463:
456:
455:
453:
452:
438:
432:
431:
429:
428:
414:
408:
407:
405:
404:
390:
384:
383:
381:
380:
366:
360:
359:
357:
356:
342:
336:
335:
333:
332:
318:
312:
311:
309:
308:
294:
288:
287:
285:
284:
270:
105:Anti-Sámi racism
31:Racism in Norway
871:
870:
866:
865:
864:
862:
861:
860:
846:
845:
844:
839:
797:
791:
777:Northern Cyprus
759:
753:
674:North Macedonia
495:
490:
460:
459:
450:
448:
440:
439:
435:
426:
424:
422:Goethe-Institut
416:
415:
411:
402:
400:
392:
391:
387:
378:
376:
368:
367:
363:
354:
352:
344:
343:
339:
330:
328:
320:
319:
315:
306:
304:
296:
295:
291:
282:
280:
272:
271:
264:
259:
217:
182:
163:Vidkun Quisling
155:
123:Northern Norway
117:The Indigenous
107:
91:
12:
11:
5:
869:
867:
859:
858:
848:
847:
841:
840:
838:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
801:
799:
798:other entities
793:
792:
790:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
763:
761:
755:
754:
752:
751:
749:United Kingdom
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
562:Czech Republic
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
503:
501:
497:
496:
491:
489:
488:
481:
474:
466:
458:
457:
433:
409:
385:
361:
337:
313:
289:
261:
260:
258:
255:
254:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
216:
213:
181:
178:
154:
151:
106:
103:
90:
87:
71:Denmark–Norway
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
868:
857:
854:
853:
851:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
810:Faroe Islands
808:
806:
803:
802:
800:
794:
788:
785:
783:
782:South Ossetia
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
764:
762:
756:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
634:Liechtenstein
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
504:
502:
498:
494:
487:
482:
480:
475:
473:
468:
467:
464:
447:
443:
437:
434:
423:
419:
413:
410:
399:
395:
389:
386:
375:
371:
365:
362:
351:
347:
341:
338:
327:
323:
317:
314:
303:
299:
293:
290:
279:
275:
269:
267:
263:
256:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
218:
214:
212:
210:
206:
201:
194:
190:
186:
179:
177:
175:
171:
166:
164:
160:
152:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
131:
128:
124:
120:
111:
104:
102:
100:
96:
88:
86:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
51:Romani people
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
25:
20:
16:
787:Transnistria
678:
449:. Retrieved
436:
425:. Retrieved
412:
401:. Retrieved
388:
377:. Retrieved
364:
353:. Retrieved
340:
329:. Retrieved
316:
305:. Retrieved
292:
281:. Retrieved
202:
198:
167:
156:
132:
116:
92:
67:Islamophobia
63:antisemitism
39:black people
30:
29:
15:
825:Isle of Man
760:recognition
734:Switzerland
669:Netherlands
157:During the
143:Aslak Hætta
77:as well as
47:Kven people
43:Sámi people
704:San Marino
664:Montenegro
644:Luxembourg
624:Kazakhstan
527:Azerbaijan
451:2023-07-27
427:2023-07-26
403:2023-07-26
379:2023-07-26
355:2023-07-26
331:2023-07-26
307:2023-07-26
283:2023-07-26
257:References
139:Mons Somby
121:people of
35:immigrants
815:Gibraltar
639:Lithuania
446:The Local
326:The Local
236:Nordicism
170:Boot Boys
850:Category
835:Svalbard
820:Guernsey
767:Abkhazia
719:Slovenia
714:Slovakia
689:Portugal
547:Bulgaria
215:See also
744:Ukraine
694:Romania
654:Moldova
612:Ireland
607:Iceland
602:Hungary
592:Germany
587:Georgia
577:Finland
572:Estonia
567:Denmark
552:Croatia
537:Belgium
532:Belarus
522:Austria
517:Armenia
512:Andorra
507:Albania
302:Reuters
59:Muslims
830:Jersey
772:Kosovo
739:Turkey
729:Sweden
709:Serbia
699:Russia
684:Poland
679:Norway
659:Monaco
629:Latvia
597:Greece
582:France
557:Cyprus
174:Vigrid
49:, and
805:Ă…land
724:Spain
649:Malta
619:Italy
127:Sápmi
97:were
172:and
141:and
119:Sámi
65:and
57:and
55:Jews
852::
444:.
420:.
396:.
372:.
348:.
324:.
300:.
276:.
265:^
211:.
176:.
165:.
149:.
101:.
53:.
45:,
41:,
485:e
478:t
471:v
454:.
430:.
406:.
382:.
358:.
334:.
310:.
286:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.