319:
296:
193:
218:
584:
570:
577:
325:
224:
42:
3411:
3396:
1373:
in rs1051669 were at increased risk of colon cancer (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.13–2.80, p = 0.01 for homozygotes and OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.10–2.692, p = 0.02 for heterozygotes). Heterozygous carriers of the other RAD52 SNP (rs11571475) were at decreased risk of colon cancer (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58–1.00, p = 0.05). Of 21 genes in the
1361:
In a Han
Chinese population, the same SNP as above in the 3'-UTR of RAD52 binding site for let-7 (rs7963551) reduced the risk of glioma. The risk of glioma associated with the RAD52 rs7963551 genotype had an odds ratio (compared to those without the SNP) of 0.44 for those older than 41 years, and an
1372:
Another study of altered microRNA binding sites in RAD52 and their effects on cancer susceptibility was carried out by
Naccarati et al. They found two RAD52 microRNA binding sites that were frequently altered and had an effect on colon cancer risk. Individuals with a homozygous or heterozygous SNP
1283:
Human RAD52 also has an important role in repair of DNA double-strand breaks at active transcription sites during the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Repair of these double-strand breaks appears to use an RNA template-based recombination mechanism dependent on RAD52. The
Cockayne Syndrome B protein
1365:
Li et al. found significantly decreased hepatic cellular carcinoma risk among individuals with the RAD52 rs7963551 CC genotype (the same SNP as above) compared with those with the AA genotype in a
Chinese population. They also found that in 44 normal human liver tissue samples, presence of the
68:
1243:
In mice and humans, however, BRCA2 primarily mediates orderly assembly of RAD51 on ssDNA, the form that is active for homologous pairing and strand invasion. BRCA2 also redirects RAD51 from dsDNA and prevents dissociation from ssDNA. In addition, the four
1354:(SNP) in the binding site for let-7 (rs7963551), that causes reduced binding of let-7, likely have increased expression of RAD52 (as was shown for this SNP in liver). Women with this SNP in the 3'UTR of RAD52 showed a reduced breast cancer risk with an
1388:
DNA damage appears to be the primary underlying cause of cancer, and deficiencies in DNA repair appear to underlie many forms of cancer. If DNA repair is deficient, DNA damage tends to accumulate. Such excess DNA damage may increase
1280:, promotes the error-prone homologous DNA repair pathway of single-strand annealing. Though error prone, this repair pathway may be needed for survival of cells with DNA damage that is not otherwise repairable.
2579:
Boundy-Mills KL, Livingston DM. A Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD52 allele expressing a C-terminal truncation protein: activities and intragenic complementation of missense mutations. Genetics. 1993;133(1):39-49.
1264:
form a complex called the BCDX2 complex. This complex participates in RAD51 recruitment or stabilization at damage sites. The BCDX2 complex appears to act by facilitating the assembly or stability of the
1448:
of a particular gene, the mixed multimer may exhibit greater functional activity than the unmixed multimers formed by each of the mutants alone. In such a case, the phenomenon is referred to as
1381:
pathway examined, the only SNPs found in microRNA binding regions which were both at high enough frequency to evaluate and which affected risks of colon cancer, were the two in RAD52 and one in
3151:
Jackson D, Dhar K, Wahl JK, Wold MS, Borgstahl GE (Aug 2002). "Analysis of the human replication protein A:Rad52 complex: evidence for crosstalk between RPA32, RPA70, Rad52 and DNA".
2248:
Lu C, Chen YD, Han S, Wei J, Ge Y, Pan W, Jiang T, Qiu XG, Yang M (2014). "A RAD52 genetic variant located in a miRNA binding site is associated with glioma risk in Han
Chinese".
2473:
Cuozzo C, Porcellini A, Angrisano T, Morano A, Lee B, Di Pardo A, Messina S, Iuliano R, Fusco A, Santillo MR, Muller MT, Chiariotti L, Gottesman ME, Avvedimento EV (Jul 2007).
2639:"The human and mouse homologs of the yeast RAD52 gene: cDNA cloning, sequence analysis, assignment to human chromosome 12p12.2-p13, and mRNA expression in mouse tissues"
1570:"The human and mouse homologs of the yeast RAD52 gene: cDNA cloning, sequence analysis, assignment to human chromosome 12p12.2-p13, and mRNA expression in mouse tissues"
332:
231:
2291:
Naccarati A, Rosa F, Vymetalkova V, Barone E, Jiraskova K, Di
Gaetano C, Novotny J, Levy M, Vodickova L, Gemignani F, Buchler T, Landi S, Vodicka P, Pardini B (2015).
1413:-mediated DNA repair due to microRNA binding alterations likely contributes to either the prevention or progression of breast, brain, liver or colon cancers.
2293:"Double-strand break repair and colorectal cancer: gene variants within 3' UTRs and microRNAs binding as modulators of cancer risk and clinical outcome"
827:
154:
808:
3297:
Han J, Hankinson SE, De Vivo I, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ (Oct 2002). "No association between a stop codon polymorphism in RAD52 and breast cancer risk".
1753:
2771:
Chen G, Yuan SS, Liu W, Xu Y, Trujillo K, Song B, Cong F, Goff SP, Wu Y, Arlinghaus R, Baltimore D, Gasser PJ, Park MS, Sung P, Lee EY (Apr 1999).
1441:
form an aggregate, this protein structure is referred to as a multimer. When a multimer is formed from polypeptides produced by two different
1618:
3439:
3375:
1550:
1532:
1228:
and in mammalian cells of mice and humans. However, the RAD52 protein has distinctly different functions in HRR of yeast and humans. In
1343:, represses RAD52. As noted by Devlin et al., miR-210 is up-regulated in most solid tumors and negatively affects the clinical outcome.
65:
2594:
Muris DF, Bezzubova O, Buerstedde JM, Vreeken K, Balajee AS, Osgood CJ, Troelstra C, Hoeijmakers JH, Ostermann K, Schmidt H (Nov 1994).
1199:
318:
2160:"Association of a functional RAD52 genetic variant locating in a miRNA binding site with risk of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma"
1098:
3410:
1325:(miRNAs). By binding to specific sites within the 3'-UTR, miRNAs can decrease gene expression of various mRNAs by either inhibiting
3110:"Differential effects of Rad52p overexpression on gene targeting and extrachromosomal homologous recombination in a human cell line"
2424:"Double strand breaks can initiate gene silencing and SIRT1-dependent onset of DNA methylation in an exogenous promoter CpG island"
295:
1473:
suggests that the RAD52 protein has a multimeric structure that allows cooperative interactions between the constituent monomers.
1091:
2524:
Chen G, Yuan SS, Liu W, Xu Y, Trujillo K, Song B, Cong F, Goff SP, Wu Y, Arlinghaus R, Baltimore D, Gasser PJ, Park MS, Sung P,
3395:
1519:
1498:
1310:
1799:"Rad51 paralog complexes BCDX2 and CX3 act at different stages in the BRCA1-BRCA2-dependent homologous recombination pathway"
1351:
1269:. However, in the presence of a BRCA2 mutation, human RAD52 can mediate RAD51 assembly on ssDNA and substitute for BRCA2 in
217:
192:
1515:
3067:"Overexpression of human RAD51 and RAD52 reduces double-strand break-induced homologous recombination in mammalian cells"
1494:
134:
1422:
2983:
Ranatunga W, Jackson D, Flowers II RA, Borgstahl GE (Jul 2001). "Human RAD52 protein has extreme thermal stability".
331:
230:
1470:
1449:
1378:
1951:"DNA damage during the G0/G1 phase triggers RNA-templated, Cockayne syndrome B-dependent homologous recombination"
324:
223:
3368:
1232:, Rad52 protein, acting alone, facilitates the loading of Rad51 protein onto single-stranded DNA pre-coated with
1454:
1374:
1347:
1299:
1270:
1224:
1219:
1191:
1178:
872:
142:
3182:"Crystal structure of the homologous-pairing domain from the human Rad52 recombinase in the undecameric form"
2596:"Cloning of human and mouse genes homologous to RAD52, a yeast gene involved in DNA repair and recombination"
2207:
Jiang Y, Qin Z, Hu Z, Guan X, Wang Y, He Y, Xue J, Liu X, Chen J, Dai J, Jin G, Ma H, Wang S, Shen H (2013).
2942:"Structural basis for the recognition of DNA repair proteins UNG2, XPA, and RAD52 by replication factor RPA"
853:
2992:
1688:
3320:"Regulation of ionizing radiation-induced Rad52 nuclear foci formation by c-Abl-mediated phosphorylation"
2342:"DNA damage responses: mechanisms and roles in human disease: 2007 G.H.A. Clowes Memorial Award Lecture"
2209:"Genetic variation in a hsa-let-7 binding site in RAD52 is associated with breast cancer susceptibility"
1426:
1405:
alterations due to errors during DNA repair. Such mutations and epigenetic alterations may give rise to
1326:
1233:
206:
3361:
3228:
2859:
1962:
1702:
1645:
2997:
2940:
Mer G, Bochkarev A, Gupta R, Bochkareva E, Frappier L, Ingles CJ, Edwards AM, Chazin WJ (Oct 2000).
121:
3268:
Liu J, Meng X, Shen Z (Oct 2002). "Association of human RAD52 protein with transcription factors".
1070:
1066:
1062:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
995:
991:
987:
948:
944:
940:
936:
2817:
Kito K, Wada H, Yeh ET, Kamitani T (Dec 1999). "Identification of novel isoforms of human RAD52".
3024:"Visualization of recombination intermediates produced by RAD52-mediated single-strand annealing"
2971:
2885:
2846:
Stasiak AZ, Larquet E, Stasiak A, Müller S, Engel A, Van Dyck E, West SC, Egelman EH (Mar 2000).
2805:
2562:
2273:
2189:
1726:
1669:
1574:
1245:
166:
1074:
1041:
999:
966:
962:
952:
3341:
3306:
3285:
3256:
3203:
3168:
3139:
3096:
3053:
3010:
2963:
2928:
2877:
2834:
2797:
2759:
2740:"Associations of UBE2I with RAD52, UBL1, p53, and RAD51 proteins in a yeast two-hybrid system"
2726:
2693:
2658:
2625:
2554:
2506:
2455:
2404:
2363:
2322:
2265:
2230:
2181:
2137:
2088:
2039:
1990:
1928:
1879:
1828:
1779:
1718:
1661:
1591:
583:
569:
114:
58:
3331:
3277:
3246:
3236:
3193:
3160:
3129:
3121:
3086:
3078:
3043:
3035:
3002:
2953:
2918:
2910:
2867:
2826:
2787:
2773:"Radiation-induced assembly of Rad51 and Rad52 recombination complex requires ATM and c-Abl"
2751:
2718:
2683:
2650:
2615:
2607:
2544:
2530:"Radiation-induced assembly of Rad51 and Rad52 recombination complex requires ATM and c-Abl"
2525:
2496:
2486:
2445:
2435:
2394:
2353:
2312:
2304:
2257:
2220:
2171:
2127:
2119:
2078:
2070:
2029:
2021:
1980:
1970:
1918:
1910:
1869:
1859:
1818:
1810:
1769:
1761:
1710:
1693:
1653:
1636:
1583:
1340:
411:
342:
286:
241:
1691:(1998). "Rad52 protein stimulates DNA strand exchange by Rad51 and replication protein A".
1634:
Shinohara A, Ogawa T (1998). "Stimulation by Rad52 of yeast Rad51-mediated recombination".
576:
162:
2772:
2529:
1394:
386:
3180:
Kagawa W, Kurumizaka H, Ishitani R, Fukai S, Nureki O, Shibata T, Yokoyama S (Aug 2002).
3232:
2863:
1966:
1706:
1649:
3048:
3023:
2672:"Expression of human RAD52 confers resistance to ionizing radiation in mammalian cells"
2501:
2474:
2450:
2423:
2317:
2292:
2132:
2107:
2083:
2058:
2034:
2009:
1985:
1950:
1874:
1847:
1823:
1798:
1774:
1748:
41:
3281:
3251:
3216:
3198:
3181:
3164:
3134:
3109:
2958:
2941:
2923:
2898:
2872:
2847:
2830:
1923:
1898:
1461:
mutant allele expressing a C-terminal truncated protein was found to complement other
1425:
with RAD51. The Rad52 will ease the loading of Rad51 on ssDNA by interfering with the
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
671:
666:
661:
656:
640:
635:
630:
625:
3433:
3091:
3066:
2654:
2611:
1914:
1587:
1336:
1318:
1314:
612:
2975:
2889:
2193:
2158:
Li Z, Guo Y, Zhou L, Ge Y, Wei L, Li L, Zhou C, Wei J, Yuan Q, Li J, Yang M (2015).
2809:
2566:
2277:
1949:
Wei L, Nakajima S, Böhm S, Bernstein KA, Shen Z, Tsang M, Levine AS, Lan L (2015).
1899:"Genetic steps of mammalian homologous repair with distinct mutagenic consequences"
1730:
1673:
1366:
rs7963551 SNP was associated with a significant increase of RAD52 mRNA expression.
404:
183:
146:
3039:
2707:"UBL1, a human ubiquitin-like protein associating with human RAD51/RAD52 proteins"
2358:
2341:
2074:
1290:) localizes at double-strand breaks at sites of active transcription, followed by
2491:
2440:
2399:
2382:
688:
DNA double-strand break processing involved in repair via single-strand annealing
170:
1555:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1537:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1402:
3221:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2914:
1317:(mRNAs) often contain regulatory sequences that can cause post-transcriptional
487:
2261:
1398:
1390:
1355:
303:
200:
150:
3082:
2792:
2688:
2671:
2549:
2308:
2225:
2208:
1975:
1864:
1846:
Feng Z, Scott SP, Bussen W, Sharma GG, Guo G, Pandita TK, Powell SN (2011).
772:
547:
425:
370:
357:
269:
256:
158:
3345:
3336:
3319:
3310:
3289:
3260:
3241:
3207:
3172:
3143:
3125:
3100:
3057:
3014:
2967:
2932:
2881:
2838:
2801:
2755:
2738:
Shen Z, Pardington-Purtymun PE, Comeaux JC, Moyzis RK, Chen DJ (Oct 1996).
2722:
2705:
Shen Z, Pardington-Purtymun PE, Comeaux JC, Moyzis RK, Chen DJ (Sep 1996).
2558:
2510:
2459:
2408:
2367:
2326:
2269:
2234:
2185:
2141:
2092:
2043:
1994:
1932:
1883:
1832:
1783:
2763:
2730:
2697:
2662:
2629:
2025:
1722:
1665:
1595:
1206:, which suggested its role in RAD51-related DNA recombination and repair.
1202:
DNA strands. It was also found to interact with DNA recombination protein
1138:
1133:
1814:
1466:
1332:
1322:
1237:
1198:
ends, and mediate the DNA-DNA interaction necessary for the annealing of
1122:
917:
898:
3217:"Structure of the single-strand annealing domain of human RAD52 protein"
2899:"Precise binding of single-stranded DNA termini by human RAD52 protein"
1369:
Thus increased RAD52 expression is protective against various cancers.
1257:
1253:
1183:
1158:
884:
839:
3006:
1765:
91:
87:
2620:
2176:
2159:
2059:"MicroRNA regulation of DNA repair gene expression in hypoxic stress"
1615:
1599:
1445:
1442:
1406:
1382:
1295:
1106:
794:
17:
2739:
2706:
2638:
2123:
1569:
2819:
Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression
1848:"Rad52 inactivation is synthetically lethal with BRCA2 deficiency"
1714:
1657:
1291:
1286:
1277:
1266:
1261:
1249:
1215:
1203:
3215:
Singleton MR, Wentzell LM, Liu Y, West SC, Wigley DB (Oct 2002).
757:
753:
1438:
1165:
138:
3357:
2595:
1749:"Unraveling the mechanism of BRCA2 in homologous recombination"
1335:(miRNAs) appear to regulate the expression of more than 60% of
592:
3353:
3065:
Kim PM, Allen C, Wagener BM, Shen Z, Nickoloff JA (Nov 2001).
1195:
1187:
1346:
The 3'-UTR of RAD52 also has a binding site for the microRNA
2637:
Shen Z, Denison K, Lobb R, Gatewood JM, Chen DJ (Jan 1995).
1568:
Shen Z, Denison K, Lobb R, Gatewood JM, Chen DJ (Jan 1995).
2475:"DNA damage, homology-directed repair, and DNA methylation"
1409:. The frequent microRNA-induced increase or deficiency of
2010:"Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs"
1176:
The protein encoded by this gene shares similarity with
394:
3022:
Van Dyck E, Stasiak AZ, Stasiak A, West SC (Oct 2001).
2897:
Parsons CA, Baumann P, Van Dyck E, West SC (Aug 2000).
733:
double-strand break repair via homologous recombination
1897:
Stark JM, Pierce AJ, Oh J, Pastink A, Jasin M (2004).
1302:
repair using the newly synthesized RNA as a template.
708:
double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing
2848:"The human Rad52 protein exists as a heptameric ring"
2057:
Crosby ME, Kulshreshtha R, Ivan M, Glazer PM (2009).
1273:
DNA repair, though with lower efficiency than BRCA2.
559:
3270:
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
1437:When multiple copies of a polypeptide encoded by a
1329:or directly causing degradation of the transcript.
1055:
1018:
980:
935:
2008:Friedman RC, Farh KK, Burge CB, Bartel DP (2009).
1511:
1509:
1507:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1362:odds ratio of 0.58 for those 41 years or younger.
341:
240:
3299:Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
2108:"miR-210: More than a silent player in hypoxia"
1358:of 0.84, 95% confidence interval of 0.75-0.95.
1321:. Such 3'-UTRs often contain binding sites for
27:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
3419:: Crystal Structure of the human Rad52 protein
2106:Devlin C, Greco S, Martelli F, Ivan M (2011).
1516:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030166
1276:In addition, human RAD52, in combination with
3369:
8:
2422:O'Hagan HM, Mohammad HP, Baylin SB (2008).
1797:Chun J, Buechelmaier ES, Powell SN (2013).
1495:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000002016
3376:
3362:
3354:
2383:"The DNA damage response: ten years after"
1742:
1740:
932:
768:
608:
382:
281:
178:
76:
3335:
3250:
3240:
3197:
3133:
3090:
3047:
2996:
2957:
2922:
2871:
2791:
2687:
2619:
2548:
2500:
2490:
2449:
2439:
2398:
2357:
2316:
2224:
2175:
2131:
2082:
2033:
1984:
1974:
1922:
1873:
1863:
1822:
1773:
3404:: HUMAN RAD52 PROTEIN, N-TERMINAL DOMAIN
1611:
1609:
723:cellular response to DNA damage stimulus
713:regulation of nucleotide-excision repair
3391:
1482:
1944:
1942:
1401:. Excess DNA damage may also increase
1194:. This gene product was shown to bind
31:
2153:
2151:
698:cellular response to oxidative stress
346:
307:
302:
245:
204:
199:
7:
1339:of the human genome. One microRNA,
3324:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2780:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2676:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2537:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
125:, RAD52 homolog, DNA repair protein
1624:RAD52 homolog, DNA repair protein
1377:repair pathway and 7 genes in the
1161:which in humans is encoded by the
1052:
1015:
977:
908:
889:
863:
844:
818:
799:
564:
482:
420:
399:
25:
3409:
3394:
3108:Yáñez RJ, Porter AC (Feb 2002).
1915:10.1128/MCB.24.21.9305-9316.2004
1687:New JH, Sugiyama T, Zaitseva E,
1311:Three prime untranslated regions
1210:Role in DNA recombination repair
582:
575:
568:
330:
323:
317:
294:
229:
222:
216:
191:
40:
1190:double-strand break repair and
2381:Harper JW, Elledge SJ (2007).
1352:single-nucleotide polymorphism
593:More reference expression data
548:More reference expression data
456:right hemisphere of cerebellum
1:
3318:Kitao H, Yuan ZM (Dec 2002).
3282:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02353-7
3199:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00587-7
3165:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00541-7
2959:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00136-7
2873:10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00385-7
2831:10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00214-6
2359:10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-08-0020
2075:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-2516
1256:), RAD51C (RAD51L2), RAD51D (
1151:RAD52 homolog (S. cerevisiae)
315:
214:
3440:Genes on human chromosome 12
3153:Journal of Molecular Biology
2655:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80126-7
2612:10.1016/0921-8777(94)90040-x
2492:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030110
2441:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000155
2400:10.1016/j.molcel.2007.11.015
1955:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
1852:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
1588:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80126-7
1267:RAD51 nucleoprotein filament
3040:10.1093/embo-reports/kve201
1222:repair (HRR) in both yeast
738:protein homooligomerization
636:single-stranded DNA binding
444:right lobe of thyroid gland
3456:
1471:intragenic complementation
1469:alleles. This finding of
1450:intragenic complementation
1433:Intragenic complementation
1379:non-homologous end joining
1375:homologous recombinational
1300:homologous recombinational
1271:homologous recombinational
1220:homologous recombinational
718:double-strand break repair
672:protein-containing complex
472:left lobe of thyroid gland
448:mucosa of transverse colon
3389:
2262:10.1007/s11060-014-1527-x
1551:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1533:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1306:microRNAs and cancer risk
1137:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1105:
1086:
1059:
1022:
1011:
984:
959:
928:
915:
911:
896:
892:
883:
870:
866:
851:
847:
838:
825:
821:
806:
802:
793:
778:
771:
767:
751:
641:identical protein binding
611:
607:
590:
567:
558:
545:
494:
485:
432:
423:
393:
385:
381:
364:
351:
314:
293:
284:
280:
263:
250:
213:
190:
181:
177:
132:
129:
119:
112:
107:
84:
79:
62:
57:
52:
48:
39:
34:
2915:10.1093/emboj/19.15.4175
2793:10.1074/jbc.274.18.12748
2689:10.1074/jbc.270.26.15467
2550:10.1074/jbc.274.18.12748
2309:10.18632/oncotarget.6804
1455:Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1421:RAD52 has been shown to
1252:, consisting of RAD51B (
1240:phase of recombination.
1225:Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1192:homologous recombination
1179:Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1099:Chr 6: 119.88 – 119.9 Mb
693:DNA recombinase assembly
1976:10.1073/pnas.1507105112
1865:10.1073/pnas.1010959107
1754:Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol.
1298:and RAD52 to carry out
3337:10.1074/jbc.M208151200
3242:10.1073/pnas.212449899
3114:Nucleic Acids Research
3083:10.1093/nar/29.21.4352
3071:Nucleic Acids Research
2756:10.1006/geno.1996.0540
2723:10.1006/geno.1996.0462
1092:Chr 12: 0.91 – 0.99 Mb
530:superior frontal gyrus
2226:10.1093/carcin/bgs373
2026:10.1101/gr.082701.108
1399:translesion synthesis
1234:replication protein A
743:mitotic recombination
534:primary visual cortex
207:Chromosome 12 (human)
3126:10.1093/nar/30.3.740
2670:Park MS (Jun 1995).
1815:10.1128/MCB.00465-12
1747:Holloman WK (2011).
1337:protein coding genes
1284:(CSB) (coded for by
348:6 F1|6 56.86 cM
309:Chromosome 6 (mouse)
80:List of PDB id codes
53:Available structures
3305:(10 Pt 1): 1138–9.
3233:2002PNAS...9913492S
2864:2000CBio...10..337S
1967:2015PNAS..112E3495W
1707:1998Natur.391..407N
1650:1998Natur.391..404S
1397:due to error-prone
1196:single-stranded DNA
667:protein-DNA complex
464:canal of the cervix
2340:Kastan MB (2008).
873:ENSMUSG00000030166
681:Biological process
650:Cellular component
619:Molecular function
452:buccal mucosa cell
436:right uterine tube
3427:
3426:
3007:10.1021/bi0155089
2600:Mutation Research
1961:(27): E3495–504.
1766:10.1038/nsmb.2096
1689:Kowalczykowski SC
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1117:
1116:
1082:
1081:
1049:
1048:
1007:
1006:
974:
973:
924:
923:
905:
904:
879:
878:
860:
859:
834:
833:
815:
814:
763:
762:
703:DNA recombination
603:
602:
599:
598:
554:
553:
541:
540:
479:
478:
377:
376:
276:
275:
171:RAD52 - orthologs
103:
102:
99:
98:
63:Ortholog search:
16:(Redirected from
3447:
3413:
3398:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3355:
3349:
3339:
3314:
3293:
3264:
3254:
3244:
3211:
3201:
3176:
3147:
3137:
3104:
3094:
3061:
3051:
3018:
3000:
2979:
2961:
2936:
2926:
2903:The EMBO Journal
2893:
2875:
2842:
2813:
2795:
2786:(18): 12748–52.
2777:
2767:
2734:
2701:
2691:
2682:(26): 15467–70.
2666:
2633:
2623:
2580:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2552:
2543:(18): 12748–52.
2534:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2504:
2494:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2453:
2443:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2402:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2361:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2320:
2303:(17): 23156–69.
2288:
2282:
2281:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2228:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2179:
2177:10.1002/mc.22156
2155:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2086:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1988:
1978:
1946:
1937:
1936:
1926:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1877:
1867:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1826:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1777:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1701:(6665): 407–10.
1684:
1678:
1677:
1631:
1625:
1613:
1604:
1603:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1529:
1523:
1513:
1502:
1492:
1350:. Women with a
1153:, also known as
1130:
1129:
1101:
1094:
1077:
1053:
1044:
1016:
1012:RefSeq (protein)
1002:
978:
969:
933:
909:
890:
864:
845:
819:
800:
769:
609:
595:
586:
579:
572:
565:
550:
526:secondary oocyte
502:genital tubercle
490:
488:Top expressed in
483:
428:
426:Top expressed in
421:
400:
383:
373:
360:
349:
334:
327:
321:
310:
298:
282:
272:
259:
248:
233:
226:
220:
209:
195:
179:
173:
124:
117:
94:
77:
71:
50:
49:
44:
32:
21:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3420:
3414:
3405:
3399:
3385:
3382:
3352:
3330:(50): 48944–8.
3317:
3296:
3267:
3227:(21): 13492–7.
3214:
3179:
3150:
3107:
3077:(21): 4352–60.
3064:
3021:
2998:10.1.1.566.9388
2991:(29): 8557–62.
2982:
2939:
2909:(15): 4175–81.
2896:
2852:Current Biology
2845:
2825:(2–3): 303–14.
2816:
2775:
2770:
2737:
2704:
2669:
2636:
2593:
2589:
2587:Further reading
2584:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2532:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2434:(8): e1000155.
2421:
2420:
2416:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2346:Mol. Cancer Res
2339:
2338:
2334:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2157:
2156:
2149:
2124:10.1002/iub.427
2105:
2104:
2100:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1909:(21): 9305–16.
1903:Mol. Cell. Biol
1896:
1895:
1891:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1803:Mol. Cell. Biol
1796:
1795:
1791:
1746:
1745:
1738:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1644:(6665): 404–7.
1633:
1632:
1628:
1614:
1607:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1514:
1505:
1493:
1484:
1479:
1435:
1419:
1395:DNA replication
1308:
1214:RAD52 mediates
1212:
1174:
1139:View/Edit Mouse
1134:View/Edit Human
1097:
1090:
1087:Location (UCSC)
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
998:
994:
990:
986:
965:
961:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
854:ENSG00000002016
747:
676:
645:
631:protein binding
591:
581:
580:
574:
573:
546:
537:
532:
528:
524:
520:
518:muscle of thigh
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
498:ascending aorta
486:
475:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
424:
368:
355:
347:
337:
336:
335:
328:
308:
285:Gene location (
267:
254:
246:
236:
235:
234:
227:
205:
182:Gene location (
133:
120:
113:
86:
64:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3453:
3451:
3443:
3442:
3432:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3415:
3408:
3406:
3400:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3373:
3366:
3358:
3351:
3350:
3315:
3294:
3265:
3212:
3186:Molecular Cell
3177:
3148:
3105:
3062:
3019:
2980:
2937:
2894:
2843:
2814:
2768:
2735:
2702:
2667:
2649:(1): 199–206.
2634:
2606:(3): 295–305.
2590:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2572:
2516:
2465:
2414:
2373:
2332:
2283:
2240:
2213:Carcinogenesis
2199:
2147:
2098:
2049:
2000:
1938:
1889:
1838:
1789:
1736:
1679:
1626:
1605:
1582:(1): 199–206.
1560:
1542:
1524:
1503:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1434:
1431:
1418:
1415:
1393:errors during
1315:messenger RNAs
1307:
1304:
1211:
1208:
1186:important for
1173:
1170:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1126:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1004:
982:
981:
975:
972:
971:
957:
956:
930:
926:
925:
922:
921:
913:
912:
906:
903:
902:
894:
893:
887:
881:
880:
877:
876:
868:
867:
861:
858:
857:
849:
848:
842:
836:
835:
832:
831:
823:
822:
816:
813:
812:
804:
803:
797:
791:
790:
785:
780:
776:
775:
765:
764:
761:
760:
749:
748:
746:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
684:
682:
678:
677:
675:
674:
669:
664:
659:
653:
651:
647:
646:
644:
643:
638:
633:
628:
622:
620:
616:
615:
605:
604:
601:
600:
597:
596:
588:
587:
562:
556:
555:
552:
551:
543:
542:
539:
538:
536:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
510:tail of embryo
507:
503:
499:
495:
492:
491:
480:
477:
476:
474:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
430:
429:
417:
416:
408:
397:
391:
390:
387:RNA expression
379:
378:
375:
374:
366:
362:
361:
353:
350:
345:
339:
338:
329:
322:
316:
312:
311:
306:
300:
299:
291:
290:
278:
277:
274:
273:
265:
261:
260:
252:
249:
244:
238:
237:
228:
221:
215:
211:
210:
203:
197:
196:
188:
187:
175:
174:
131:
127:
126:
118:
110:
109:
105:
104:
101:
100:
97:
96:
82:
81:
73:
72:
61:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3452:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3418:
3412:
3407:
3403:
3397:
3392:
3388:
3379:
3374:
3372:
3367:
3365:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3276:(5): 1191–6.
3275:
3271:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3192:(2): 359–71.
3191:
3187:
3183:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3159:(1): 133–48.
3158:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3034:(10): 905–9.
3033:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2952:(3): 449–56.
2951:
2947:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2858:(6): 337–40.
2857:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2774:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2576:
2573:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2531:
2527:
2520:
2517:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2479:PLOS Genetics
2476:
2469:
2466:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2428:PLOS Genetics
2425:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2393:(5): 739–45.
2392:
2388:
2384:
2377:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2352:(4): 517–24.
2351:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2287:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2250:J. Neurooncol
2244:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2219:(3): 689–93.
2218:
2214:
2210:
2203:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2164:Mol. Carcinog
2161:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2118:(2): 94–100.
2117:
2113:
2109:
2102:
2099:
2094:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2069:(3): 1221–9.
2068:
2064:
2060:
2053:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2020:(1): 92–105.
2019:
2015:
2011:
2004:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1893:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1858:(2): 686–91.
1857:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1809:(2): 387–95.
1808:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1760:(7): 748–54.
1759:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1715:10.1038/34950
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1683:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1658:10.1038/34943
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1638:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1564:
1561:
1556:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1319:RNA silencing
1316:
1312:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1279:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1230:S. cerevisiae
1227:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1200:complementary
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1003:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
983:
979:
976:
970:
968:
964:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
931:
929:RefSeq (mRNA)
927:
920:
919:
914:
910:
907:
901:
900:
895:
891:
888:
886:
882:
875:
874:
869:
865:
862:
856:
855:
850:
846:
843:
841:
837:
830:
829:
824:
820:
817:
811:
810:
805:
801:
798:
796:
792:
789:
786:
784:
781:
777:
774:
770:
766:
759:
755:
750:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
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673:
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648:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
623:
621:
618:
617:
614:
613:Gene ontology
610:
606:
594:
589:
585:
578:
571:
566:
563:
561:
557:
549:
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533:
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95:
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83:
78:
75:
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60:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3416:
3401:
3327:
3323:
3302:
3298:
3273:
3269:
3224:
3220:
3189:
3185:
3156:
3152:
3120:(3): 740–8.
3117:
3113:
3074:
3070:
3031:
3028:EMBO Reports
3027:
2988:
2985:Biochemistry
2984:
2949:
2945:
2906:
2902:
2855:
2851:
2822:
2818:
2783:
2779:
2750:(2): 183–6.
2747:
2743:
2717:(2): 271–9.
2714:
2710:
2679:
2675:
2646:
2642:
2603:
2599:
2575:
2540:
2536:
2528:(Apr 1999).
2519:
2482:
2478:
2468:
2431:
2427:
2417:
2390:
2386:
2376:
2349:
2345:
2335:
2300:
2296:
2286:
2253:
2249:
2243:
2216:
2212:
2202:
2170:(9): 853–8.
2167:
2163:
2115:
2111:
2101:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2017:
2013:
2003:
1958:
1954:
1906:
1902:
1892:
1855:
1851:
1841:
1806:
1802:
1792:
1757:
1752:
1698:
1692:
1682:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1621:
1598:– via
1579:
1573:
1563:
1554:
1545:
1536:
1527:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1436:
1420:
1417:Interactions
1410:
1387:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1345:
1331:
1313:(3'UTRs) of
1309:
1285:
1282:
1275:
1242:
1229:
1223:
1218:function in
1213:
1177:
1175:
1162:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1071:NP_001159855
1067:NP_001159854
1063:NP_001159853
1060:
1038:NP_001284351
1034:NP_001284350
1030:NP_001284349
1026:NP_001284348
1023:
996:NM_001166383
992:NM_001166382
988:NM_001166381
985:
960:
949:NM_001297422
945:NM_001297421
941:NM_001297420
937:NM_001297419
916:
897:
871:
852:
826:
807:
787:
782:
506:aortic valve
410:
403:
369:119,899,789
356:119,879,659
130:External IDs
85:
29:
3384:PDB gallery
2485:(7): e110.
2256:(1): 11–7.
1327:translation
1238:presynaptic
662:nucleoplasm
626:DNA binding
514:granulocyte
460:right ovary
440:sural nerve
108:Identifiers
2297:Oncotarget
2112:IUBMB Life
2063:Cancer Res
2014:Genome Res
1616:EntrezGene
1522:, May 2017
1501:, May 2017
1477:References
1403:epigenetic
1391:mutational
1356:odds ratio
728:DNA repair
468:left ovary
414:(ortholog)
151:HomoloGene
2993:CiteSeerX
2621:1765/3072
2387:Mol. Cell
1429:protein.
1333:MicroRNAs
1323:microRNAs
1182:Rad52, a
1075:NP_035366
1042:NP_602296
1000:NM_011236
967:NM_134424
963:NM_134423
953:NM_134422
773:Orthologs
159:GeneCards
3434:Category
3346:12379650
3311:12376524
3290:12372413
3261:12370410
3208:12191481
3173:12139939
3144:11809887
3101:11691922
3058:11571269
3015:11456495
2976:16640087
2968:11081631
2933:10921897
2890:16087838
2882:10744977
2839:10673031
2802:10212258
2744:Genomics
2711:Genomics
2643:Genomics
2559:10212258
2511:17616978
2460:18704159
2409:18082599
2368:18403632
2327:26735576
2270:25012956
2235:23188672
2194:25174260
2186:24729511
2142:21360638
2093:19141645
2044:18955434
1995:26100862
1933:15485900
1884:21148102
1833:23149936
1784:21731065
1575:Genomics
1518:–
1497:–
1467:missense
1423:interact
1246:paralogs
1172:Function
1123:Wikidata
752:Sources:
268:990,053
255:911,736
247:12p13.33
3229:Bibcode
3049:1084079
2860:Bibcode
2810:2587580
2764:8921390
2731:8812453
2698:7797537
2663:7774919
2630:7526206
2567:2587580
2502:1913100
2451:2491723
2318:5029617
2278:1082923
2133:4497508
2084:2997438
2035:2612969
1986:4500203
1963:Bibcode
1875:3021033
1824:3554112
1775:3647347
1731:4408959
1723:9450760
1703:Bibcode
1674:4304549
1666:9450759
1646:Bibcode
1596:7774919
1520:Ensembl
1499:Ensembl
1465:mutant
1446:alleles
1341:miR-210
1258:RAD51L3
1254:RAD51L1
1236:in the
1184:protein
1159:protein
1157:, is a
885:UniProt
840:Ensembl
779:Species
758:QuickGO
657:nucleus
389:pattern
115:Aliases
3344:
3309:
3288:
3259:
3252:129701
3249:
3206:
3171:
3142:
3135:100286
3132:
3099:
3089:
3056:
3046:
3013:
2995:
2974:
2966:
2931:
2924:306603
2921:
2888:
2880:
2837:
2808:
2800:
2762:
2729:
2696:
2661:
2628:
2565:
2557:
2526:Lee EY
2509:
2499:
2458:
2448:
2407:
2366:
2325:
2315:
2276:
2268:
2233:
2192:
2184:
2140:
2130:
2091:
2081:
2042:
2032:
1993:
1983:
1931:
1924:522275
1921:
1882:
1872:
1831:
1821:
1782:
1772:
1729:
1721:
1694:Nature
1672:
1664:
1637:Nature
1600:Zenodo
1594:
1443:mutant
1407:cancer
1383:MRE11A
1296:RAD51C
1109:search
1107:PubMed
918:P43352
899:P43351
795:Entrez
560:BioGPS
522:zygote
147:101949
139:600392
3092:60192
2972:S2CID
2886:S2CID
2806:S2CID
2776:(PDF)
2563:S2CID
2533:(PDF)
2274:S2CID
2190:S2CID
1727:S2CID
1670:S2CID
1463:RAD52
1459:RAD52
1411:RAD52
1348:let-7
1292:RAD51
1287:ERCC6
1278:ERCC1
1262:XRCC2
1250:RAD51
1216:RAD51
1204:RAD51
1163:RAD52
1155:RAD52
828:19365
788:Mouse
783:Human
754:Amigo
412:Mouse
405:Human
352:Start
287:Mouse
251:Start
184:Human
163:RAD52
155:31118
122:RAD52
35:RAD52
18:Rad52
3417:1kn0
3402:1h2i
3342:PMID
3307:PMID
3286:PMID
3257:PMID
3204:PMID
3169:PMID
3140:PMID
3097:PMID
3054:PMID
3011:PMID
2964:PMID
2946:Cell
2929:PMID
2878:PMID
2835:PMID
2823:1489
2798:PMID
2760:PMID
2727:PMID
2694:PMID
2659:PMID
2626:PMID
2555:PMID
2507:PMID
2456:PMID
2405:PMID
2364:PMID
2323:PMID
2266:PMID
2231:PMID
2182:PMID
2138:PMID
2089:PMID
2040:PMID
1991:PMID
1929:PMID
1880:PMID
1829:PMID
1780:PMID
1719:PMID
1662:PMID
1619:5893
1592:PMID
1452:. A
1439:gene
1166:gene
809:5893
395:Bgee
343:Band
304:Chr.
242:Band
201:Chr.
135:OMIM
92:1KN0
88:1H2I
69:RCSB
66:PDBe
3332:doi
3328:277
3278:doi
3274:297
3247:PMC
3237:doi
3194:doi
3161:doi
3157:321
3130:PMC
3122:doi
3087:PMC
3079:doi
3044:PMC
3036:doi
3003:doi
2954:doi
2950:103
2919:PMC
2911:doi
2868:doi
2827:doi
2788:doi
2784:274
2752:doi
2719:doi
2684:doi
2680:270
2651:doi
2616:hdl
2608:doi
2604:315
2545:doi
2541:274
2497:PMC
2487:doi
2446:PMC
2436:doi
2395:doi
2354:doi
2313:PMC
2305:doi
2258:doi
2254:120
2221:doi
2172:doi
2128:PMC
2120:doi
2079:PMC
2071:doi
2030:PMC
2022:doi
1981:PMC
1971:doi
1959:112
1919:PMC
1911:doi
1870:PMC
1860:doi
1856:108
1819:PMC
1811:doi
1770:PMC
1762:doi
1711:doi
1699:391
1654:doi
1642:391
1622:aka
1584:doi
1427:RPA
1260:),
1248:of
1188:DNA
365:End
264:End
167:OMA
143:MGI
59:PDB
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