1061:
257:
gave valuable insight into the situation of
Telangana (including Andhra Pradesh) aftermath of the fall of Kakatiyas and mentions the ordeals faced by the people during Tughluq rule. Later, Rajahmundry was ruled by Reddies. During their rule, Rajahmundry was first a sub-capital
741:. The British records mention that the Rajahmundry Circar had 17 Parganas when they have acquired but many additional territorial dependencies were added either by conquest or policy. Also, they mention that very few of the original 17 can be traced during their time.
288:
as part of a peace treaty after his successful conquest of eastern provinces in 1512. After a martial alliance with
Gajapatis, Krishandevaraya returned all the lands that the Vijayanagara Empire had captured north of the
1709:
A pargana denoted a fiscal-cum-territorial unit comprising some number of villages and was under a
Faujdar. On the contrary, a Mahal is purely fiscal unit. A pargana might include more than one mahal and not vice
1587:
Until medieval ages the names 'Telangana' and 'Andhra' both used to name the Telugu lands. While the latter is much ancient name that was existing even during the Vedic era, the former name is a portmanteau of
537:
could be traced back to the provincial divisions as arranged in the erstwhile
Bahmani sultanate and Tughluqs. During the Tughluq era, the Deccan provinces were divided into four provinces called
245:) by natives. That mosque bears still an inscription that it was built by one of the commanders of Muhammad ibn Tughluq. Later a reconquest was launched by chieftains such as
161:
village were considered the northern limit of the
Rajahmundry Circar beyond which was the Chicacole Circar. The southern limit was bounded by Ellore circar with the
109:
During Qutb Shahi, Mughal and Nizam rule it was referred in official records with name Rājmandrī and the same name was anglicized in the
British colonial era as
293:; this made the Krishna River the boundary between the Vijayanagara Empire and Gajapati Kingdom. During Gajapati era, Rajahmundry was then organized as a
1726:
225:
was built here after destroying a Hindu temple by massacring the priests, and the ruins of that temple were used to build the mosque now known as
586:. Rajahmundry was one of the 22 sarkars within that Subah. The Suba of Deccan (or Hyderabad) was also divided into two administrative regions,
1700:
Bahman Shah continued the
Tughluq administrative system but his son Muhammad Shah brought the modifications such as changing shiqs to tarafs.
1525:
953:
927:
893:
97:
and later in the Nizam's dominion of
Hyderabad. The Northern Circars were the most prominent ones in the Deccan subah. Eastern Ghats near
706:, 6.Belhapur, 7.Chirlapalli, 8.Chankalinar (Chagalanadu), 9.Choddarham (Chodavaram), 10.Dudilodi, 11.Salwarikota Wokripalli, 12.Ainkota (
1357:
604:
and was further divided into
Balaghaut and Painghaut regions. The sarkars of the Farkhunda Bunyad Suba Hyderabad are 1. Muhammadnagar (
1238:
Nayeem, M. A. (2016). "MARITIME TRADE AND GROWTH OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE IN PORT CITIES OF COLONIAL ANDHRA: A STUDY OF MASULIPATNAM".
1332:
Handbook of
Research on the Role of Libraries, Archives, and Museums in Achieving Civic Engagement and Social Justice in Smart Cities
1446:
1419:
1392:
1340:
1249:
1204:
1177:
1150:
1105:
1006:
101:
village were considered the northern limit of the Rajahmundry Circar while the southern limit was demarcated by the Godavari river.
209:
rule it was a fort. Rajahmundry may have been among the 77 administrative territories during Kakatiya's reign. During the reign of
1481:
The Asiatic Annual Register, Or, a View of the History of Hindustan and of the Politics, Commerce and Literature of Asia, Volume 6
122:
1072:
702:. The parganas of Rajahmundry sarkar are 1.Haveli Rajahmundry, 2.Arnalwarikonda, 3.Agarhar-o-sarwar, 4.Palawal (Palivela), 5.
1071:(in Telugu) (Sri Subhanu Samvastara Pushara Pratyeka Sanchika (2003 Godavari Pushkara Special Edition) ed.). Tirupati:
1294:
1269:
981:
1023:
803:
in 1859. An alphabetical list of villages and Taluks were prepared during British era for whole Madras presidency.
633:
557:. Even after Bahmani sultanate disintegrated into the Deccan sultanates this administrative arrangement continued.
1221:
885:
737:
The British assumed direct administration of the Northern Circars in 1769 which was later merged within the
721:
Other resources to know about the administration divisions during the Mughal rule and early Nizam rule were
210:
881:
An Atlas of the Mughal Empire: Political and Economic Maps with Detailed Notes, Bibliography and Index
218:
1640:
got ceded after a few decades. Even today one of the dominant agricultural castes is referred to as
1566:
Pithapuram is an ancient city. it was the capital city of Eastern Chalukyas before they shifted to
695:
691:
have been used interchangeably. However, there is an important difference between these two terms.
277:
1042:
579:
534:
273:
250:
90:
52:
1515:
1462:
Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Select Committee on the East India Company (1966).
1384:
An Indian Glossary: Consisting of Some Thousand Words and Terms Commonly Used in the East Indies
1112:
Krishnadevaraya returned all the territory north of the river Krishna to Prataparudra Gajapati.
799:. Rajahmundry town was made the headquarters of Godavari District but the Collector shifted to
1521:
1442:
1415:
1388:
1336:
1245:
1200:
1173:
1146:
1101:
1002:
949:
943:
923:
889:
796:
792:
738:
653:
253:
and liberated this province from Tughlaq rule. Vilasa grant of Prolaya Nayaka discovered near
222:
202:
917:
683:
During the Mughal era there 17 parganas comprising 24 mahals. It can be noted that the terms
1629:
710:/Enugula Mahal), 13.Karkonda (Korukonda), 14.Kalibaradsowalbar, 15.Palwarikota, 16. Karmor (
405:
246:
129:
86:
1609:
1595:
677:
596:
573:
499:
302:
238:
60:
744:
A partial list of parganas mentioned by English resident at Injeram during 1794 include
1621:
194:
162:
134:
1720:
1359:
Mughal Administration of the Deccan 1658-1707 (With Special Reference to Maharashtra)
973:
665:
290:
165:
river demarcating the boundary. The Northern Circars were five in number: Chicacole (
154:
94:
56:
1651:
1647:
1142:
Prataparudradeva, the Last Great Suryavamsi King of Orissa (A.D. 1497 to A.D. 1540)
969:
773:
1540:
1496:
1479:
1463:
1436:
1409:
1382:
1330:
1315:
1239:
1194:
1167:
1140:
1095:
996:
879:
856:
838:
824:
264:) and later became the capital town. Later it passed to the Gajapatis of Orissa.
17:
1637:
1625:
875:
785:
769:
703:
699:
698:, a Persian work compiled by Munīm Khan, a military commander during the era of
669:
621:
609:
601:
361:
170:
70:
1411:
Land and Law in Mughal India: A Family of Landlords across Three Indian Empires
1265:
1047:. Vol. XXXII (1957-58). Archeological Survey of India. 1987. p. 239.
761:
749:
711:
673:
657:
645:
385:
355:
254:
198:
178:
166:
1290:
1617:
745:
617:
433:
285:
214:
158:
98:
1517:
Religious Controversy in British India: Dialogues in South Asian Languages
1686:
1680:
1674:
1438:
Mughal Administration of Deccan Under Nizamul Mulk Asaf Jah, 1720-48 A.D.
800:
765:
707:
661:
641:
625:
605:
520:
514:
489:
483:
477:
471:
469:
463:
457:
451:
445:
439:
431:
423:
417:
411:
403:
397:
395:
389:
379:
373:
367:
359:
349:
343:
337:
331:
325:
311:
295:
206:
217:, Rajahmundry province fell to the invading armies of Ulugh Khan (later
919:
The Agrarian System of Moslem India: A Historical Essay with Appendices
781:
777:
757:
629:
613:
561:
425:
142:
138:
1641:
1603:
1589:
1573:
1567:
259:
231:
1655:
1620:
remained under different Muslim dynasties until 1948 and the current
281:
182:
41:
1632:
got ceded to them by Nizams during the mid-eighteenth century, and
1241:
The Heritage of the Qutb Shahis of Golconda and Hyderabad, Volume 1
649:
637:
560:
During Qutb Shahi era, Rajahmundry sarkar was existing and had 24
174:
714:) and 17.Molair (Mulleru). During Mughal and Nizam rule the word
753:
582:
during the late seventeenth century in 1687 and organized it as
221:) around 1324AD. In the same year, one of the oldest Mosques in
1545:, Asian Educational Services (Reprint), 1992, pp. 294–331
694:
Information about the list of the parganas are available from
519:
are further divided into some revenue villages referred to as
1616:, lit. 'land'). However, in due course of time, the current
545:, lit. directions. Each of these tarafs was divided into
1658:
have been referred to in the French official records as
1468:. J. Higginbotham. p. 210 – via Google Books.
841:. Superintendent, Government Press. 1915. p. 235.
133:
or province), which had been in use since the time of
1199:. Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. p. 127.
1056:
1054:
1172:. Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. p. 51.
553:
and each pargana into villages, also referred to as
127:, a Mughal term for a district (a subdivision of a
66:
48:
32:
1503:(Second ed.). Popular Book Depot. p. 20.
1362:(Doctoral thesis). University of Poona. p. 80
791:Later the British have reorganized this circar as
1501:Economic Development of Andhra Pradesh, 1766-1957
506:) who maintained the accounts and held the title
1316:"Journal: Humanities. Section A., Volumes 33-36"
978:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1227:. Superintendent, Government Press. p. 29.
827:. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 655.
137:(1486–1545). A sarkar was further divided into
998:Ancient and Medieval History of Andhra Pradesh
922:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 74–75,
1031:. Andhra Pradesh Sahitya Akademi. p. 30.
718:implied capital or headquarters of a Circar.
8:
1659:
1097:Agrarian Economy in Andhra under Vijayanagar
870:
868:
1414:. Cambridge University Press. p. 127.
948:, Concept Publishing Company, p. 152,
549:. Similarly, each sarkar is organized into
1318:. University of Madras. 1961. p. 141.
1128:. Andhra University, Waltair. p. 141.
818:
816:
776:, Peruru, Tatipaka, Peravaram, Vanapally,
594:. The latter was popularly referred to as
541:, which the later Bahmanis referred to as
29:
1145:. Northern Book Centre. pp. 52–53.
1559:
1542:Alphabetical List of Villages in Taluks
1222:"GODAVARI DISTRICT GAZETTEER (reprint)"
884:. Centre of Advanced Study in History,
812:
65:
47:
839:"Madras District Gazetteers, Volume 1"
1441:Jaico Publishing House. p. 100.
1193:Chitnis, Krishnaji Nageshrao (2000).
1166:Chitnis, Krishnaji Nageshrao (2003).
7:
1495:Ajjarapu, Venkata Raman Rao (1958).
1244:. Hyderabad Publishers. p. 30.
850:
848:
1001:. Sterling Publishers. p. 70.
825:"History of the Qutb Shāhī Dynasty"
1679:is an administrative unit under a
1356:Syed, Dawood Ashraf (1987). "II".
945:Nizam-British Relations, 1724-1857
201:was the capital from the reign of
25:
1727:Subdivisions of the Mughal Empire
861:. George Bigg, London. p. 5.
725:(1781) by Munshī Thākur Lāl, and
1691:in the Oriyan historical records
1220:William F. R. Hemingway (1915).
1624:got gradually absorbed by the
1387:. Cambridge University Press.
1126:Suryavamsi Gajapatis of Orissa
1073:Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams
858:Memoir on Watering the Circars
533:The administration during the
494:. Each of these sthalas had a
272:Rajahmundry was retroceded by
1:
1578:) and finally to Rajahmundry.
1295:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1270:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
982:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
823:Haroon Khan Sherwani (1974).
620:, 5. Kanlore, 6. Devarkonda (
1484:. Debrett. 1806. p. 29.
855:Alexander Dalrymple (1793).
723:Dastūr-al-amal-e-shāhanshāhi
342:during Gajapati era were 1.
121:was the English spelling of
1687:
1681:
1675:
1642:
1604:
1590:
1574:
1568:
1520:, SUNY Press, p. 152,
1408:Nandini Chatterjee (2020).
1335:. IGI Global. p. 110.
995:P., Raghunadha Rao (1993).
756:, Vellakota, Changalnanda,
521:
515:
490:
484:
478:
470:
464:
458:
452:
446:
440:
432:
424:
418:
412:
404:
396:
390:
380:
374:
368:
360:
350:
344:
338:
332:
326:
312:
296:
260:
232:
1743:
976:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
588:Farkhurda Bunyad Hyderabad
571:
1613:
1599:
1514:Kenneth W. Jones (1992),
1124:R., Subrahmanyam (1957).
1022:V., Yashoda Devi (1975).
942:Regani, Sarojini (1988),
886:Aligarh Muslim University
503:
306:
242:
39:
916:Moreland, W. H. (2011),
729:(c.1705) by Md. Shafīq.
578:The Mughals annexed the
1169:Medieval Indian History
1100:. Navrang. p. 21.
968:Akhter, Nasrin (2012).
280:to the Hindu rulers in
1660:
1656:French colony of Yanam
1381:T. T. Roberts (2011).
1329:Taher Mohamed (2021).
211:Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
1636:, now referred to as
1602:, lit. 'Telugu') and
1435:M. A. Nayeem (1985).
1293:. Banglapedia Trust,
1268:. Banglapedia Trust,
1196:The Nawabs of Savanur
676:), 20. Murtazanagar (
668:), 18. Nizam Pattan (
664:), 17. Machlipattan (
644:), 12. Mustafanagar (
572:Further information:
317:(rough equivalent to
1094:K. Jayasree (1991).
488:(Tatipaka), and 21.
219:Muhammad ibn Tughluq
213:, after the fall of
181:) and Murtuzanagar (
85:was one of the five
1139:Ray, Dipti (2007).
1025:After the Kākatīyas
980:(Second ed.).
278:Vijayanagara Empire
205:, and later during
149:Geographical extent
1075:. 2003. p. 67
660:), 16. Warrangal (
652:), 14. Rajmundry (
592:Karnatak Hyderabad
580:Golconda Sultanate
535:Golconda Sultanate
274:Srikrishnadevaraya
251:Prolaya Vema Reddi
177:), Mustaphanagar (
93:, Deccan subah of
91:Golconda Sultanate
83:Rajahmundry Sarkar
79:Rajahmundry Circar
53:Golconda Sultanate
1527:978-07-9140-828-5
1465:Madras Presidency
1044:Epigraphia Indica
955:978-81-7022-195-1
929:978-1-108-02828-8
895:978-0-19-560379-8
797:Madras Presidency
793:Godavari district
739:Madras Presidency
672:), 19. Shikakol (
656:), 15. Elgandal (
654:Rajamahendravaram
640:), 11. Malangur (
612:), 3. Khammamet (
223:Madras presidency
203:Rajaraja Narendra
76:
75:
34:Rajamundry Circar
18:Rajamundry Sarkar
16:(Redirected from
1734:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1692:
1690:
1684:
1678:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1650:, the people of
1645:
1630:Northern Circars
1628:. At first, the
1615:
1607:
1601:
1593:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1571:
1564:
1547:
1546:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1217:
1211:
1210:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1066:
1062:"మాతల్లి గోదారి"
1058:
1049:
1048:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1019:
1013:
1012:
992:
986:
985:
965:
959:
958:
939:
933:
932:
913:
907:
906:
904:
902:
872:
863:
862:
852:
843:
842:
835:
829:
828:
820:
696:Sawānih-i-Deccan
524:
518:
505:
493:
487:
482:(Selapaka), 20.
481:
475:
467:
461:
455:
449:
443:
437:
429:
421:
415:
409:
401:
393:
383:
377:
371:
365:
353:
347:
341:
335:
329:
315:
308:
299:
263:
244:
235:
87:Northern Circars
30:
21:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1672:
1668:
1634:Ceded districts
1586:
1582:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1449:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1395:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1343:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1272:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1252:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1207:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1078:
1076:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1052:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1028:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1009:
994:
993:
989:
967:
966:
962:
956:
941:
940:
936:
930:
915:
914:
910:
900:
898:
896:
874:
873:
866:
854:
853:
846:
837:
836:
832:
822:
821:
814:
809:
735:
648:), 13. Ellore (
636:) , 10. Merak (
584:Subah of Deccan
576:
574:Hyderabad Subah
570:
531:
375:Nandipūḍikoṭṭām
330:of Rajahmundry
270:
191:
151:
107:
61:Hyderabad State
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1740:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1702:
1693:
1666:
1622:Andhra Pradesh
1580:
1572:(Now known as
1558:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1532:
1526:
1506:
1487:
1471:
1454:
1447:
1427:
1420:
1400:
1393:
1373:
1348:
1341:
1321:
1307:
1282:
1257:
1250:
1230:
1212:
1205:
1185:
1178:
1158:
1151:
1131:
1116:
1106:
1086:
1050:
1034:
1014:
1007:
987:
974:Islam, Sirajul
960:
954:
934:
928:
908:
894:
888:. p. 60.
864:
844:
830:
811:
810:
808:
805:
734:
731:
569:
566:
530:
529:Qutb Shahi Era
527:
513:Each of these
496:Sthala Karaṇam
372:(Ponnada), 4.
269:
266:
247:Prolaya Nayaka
195:Vengi Chalukya
190:
187:
169:), Rajmandri (
150:
147:
135:Sher Shah Suri
106:
103:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
50:
46:
45:
40:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1739:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1706:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1689:
1683:
1682:Daṇḍa-parīkṣā
1677:
1670:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1654:caste in the
1653:
1649:
1646:. During the
1644:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1611:
1606:
1597:
1592:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1563:
1560:
1553:
1544:
1543:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1519:
1518:
1510:
1507:
1502:
1498:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1466:
1458:
1455:
1450:
1448:9788172243258
1444:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1421:9781108486033
1417:
1413:
1412:
1404:
1401:
1396:
1394:9781108027052
1390:
1386:
1385:
1377:
1374:
1361:
1360:
1352:
1349:
1344:
1342:9781799883654
1338:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1311:
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786:Narasapuram
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600:during the
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199:Rajahmundry
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71:Rajahmundry
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712:Peddapuram
678:Kondaveedu
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568:Mughal Era
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413:Araṭlakōṭa
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1676:Daṇḍapāṭa
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1266:"Pargana"
1069:Saptagiri
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618:Koilkonda
562:paraganas
504:స్థల కరణం
485:Tāḷḷapāka
465:Rāyavaram
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434:Murumaḷḷa
419:Cōḍavaram
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391:Bikkavōlu
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339:Daṇḍapāṭa
297:Daṇḍapāṭa
286:Gajapatis
215:Kakatiyas
159:Pentakota
105:Etymology
99:Pentakota
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551:parganas
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472:Kākināḍa
453:Rājupūḍu
319:Parganas
207:Kakatiya
163:Godavari
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1291:"Mahal"
782:Injaram
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398:Ītakoṭa
381:Kimmūru
369:Ponnāḍu
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327:Sthalās
324:The 21
313:Sthalās
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282:Orissa
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183:Guntur
139:Mahals
124:sarkar
119:Circar
42:Circar
27:Circar
1614:ఆణెము
1605:āṇemu
1600:తెలంగ
1569:Vengi
1554:Notes
1225:(PDF)
1065:(PDF)
1029:(PDF)
972:. In
685:Mahal
650:Eluru
638:Medak
628:, 8.
539:shiqs
508:pātra
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366:, 3.
333:Rājya
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175:Eluru
157:near
130:subah
1652:Kapu
1522:ISBN
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1389:ISBN
1368:2022
1337:ISBN
1302:2022
1277:2022
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