2144:, with impossibly high debt, consistently high annual losses but very few assets, making it look as if bankruptcy must be imminent. The stock price gradually falls as people new to the stock short it on the basis of the poor outlook for the company, until the number of shorted shares greatly exceeds the total number of shares that are not held by those aware of the lure and squeeze scheme (henceforward "people in the know"). In the meantime, people in the know increasingly purchase the stock as it drops to lower and lower prices. When the short interest has reached a maximum, the company announces it has made a deal with its creditors to settle its loans in exchange for shares of stock (or some similar kind of arrangement that leverages the stock price to benefit the company), knowing that those who have short positions will be squeezed as the price of the stock sky-rockets. Near its peak price, people in the know start to sell, and the price gradually falls back down again for the cycle to repeat.
2065:
The perpetrators sometimes work directly for unscrupulous
Investor Relations firms who have convertible notes that convert for more shares the lower the bid or ask price is; thus the lower these Bashers can drive a stock price down by trying to convince shareholders they have bought a worthless security, the more shares the Investor Relations firm receives as compensation. Immediately after the stock conversion is complete and shares are issued to the Investor Relations firm, consultant, attorney or similar party, the basher/s then become friends of the company and move quickly to ensure they profit on a classic Pump & Dump scheme to liquidate their ill-gotten shares. (See pump and dump.)
2078:
security. Instead of putting out legitimate information about a company the promoter sends out bogus e-mails (the "Pump") to millions of unsophisticated investors (Sometimes called "Retail
Investors") in an attempt to drive the price of the stock and volume to higher points. When the stock price and volume has reached a target level the promoter sells their shares (the "Dump") at the now elevated prices, taking money off the duped investors who are left holding a stock whose price subsequently falls.
2375:
45:
1937:
118:
855:
2064:
This scheme is usually orchestrated by online message board posters (a.k.a. "Bashers") who make up false or misleading information about the target company in an attempt to get shares for a cheaper price. This activity, in most cases, is conducted by posting libelous posts on multiple public forums.
2193:
is a disruptive algorithmic trading entity employed by traders to outpace other market participants and to manipulate commodity markets. Spoofers feign interest in trading futures, stocks and other products in financial markets creating an illusion of exchange pessimism in the futures market when
2155:
is made possible by high-frequency trading programs that can execute market actions with incredible speed. However, high-frequency trading in and of itself is not illegal. The tactic involves using specialized, high-bandwidth hardware to quickly enter and withdraw large quantities of orders in an
2102:
Actions designed to artificially raise the market price of listed securities and give the impression of voluminous trading in order to make a quick profit. Filtering out or disregarding false and misleading social media posts that are posted for the sole purpose of artificially inflating a stock
2077:
scheme is generally part of a more complex grand plan of market manipulation on the targeted security. The perpetrators (usually stock promoters) convince company affiliates and large position non-affiliates to release shares into a free trading status as "Payment" for services for promoting the
2251:
markets in the late 1970s and early 1980s, at one stage holding the rights to more than half of the world's deliverable silver. During the Hunts' accumulation of the precious metal, silver prices rose from $ 11 an ounce in
September 1979 to nearly $ 50 an ounce in January 1980. Silver prices
2115:
the manipulator takes both the buy and the sell side of a trade, often using a third party as a proxy to trade on behalf of the manipulator, for the purpose of generating activity and increasing the price. This is more involved than churning because the orders are actually fulfilled.
2194:
many offers are being cancelled or withdrawn, or false optimism or demand when many offers are being placed in bad faith. Spoofers bid or offer with intent to cancel before the orders are filled. The flurry of activity around the buy or sell orders is intended to attract other
2164:
Cross-market manipulation occurs when a trader trades in one market for the purpose of manipulating the price of an asset in another market, capitalizing off the price-moving effects thus generated, instead of with the bona fide intent of profiting off the trade itself.
2198:(HFT) to induce a particular market reaction such as manipulating the market price of a security. Spoofing can be a factor in the rise and fall of the price of shares and can be very profitable to the spoofer who can time buying and selling based on this manipulation.
2046:
Agreements, often written, among a group of traders to delegate authority to a single manager to trade in a specific stock for a work period of time and then to share in the resulting profits or losses. In
Australia section 1041B prohibits pooling.
2181:
that will benefit from the benchmark settling at a higher (lower) price, then trades in the physical commodity markets at such a large volume as to influence the benchmark price in the direction that will benefit their financial position.
2055:
When an advisor enters into a trade for the sole purpose of earning commission. For example buying and selling the same stock either on the same day or over multiple days with no consideration for the benefit of the client
2222:
High closing is an attempt to manipulate the price of a security at the end of trading day to ensure that it closes higher than it should. This is usually achieved by putting in manipulative trades close to closing.
2593:
837:
55:
2206:
Price-fixing is a very simple type of fraud where the principals who publish a price or indicator conspire to set it falsely and benefit their own interests.
2586:
454:
2412:
1919:
The US Securities
Exchange Act defines market manipulation as "transactions which create an artificial price or maintain an artificial price for a
2547:
1816:
830:
2579:
2824:
1958:
187:
2094:. Runs may also occur when traders are attempting to drive the price of a certain share down, although this is rare. (see Stock Bashing)
804:
658:
2398:
2028:
823:
89:
2235:
the manipulators buy sufficiently large amount of an asset, often a commodity, so they can control the price creating in effect a
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1981:
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398:
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638:
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set by the trading of physical commodities, for example in United States
Natural Gas Markets. The manipulator takes a large
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ultimately collapsed to below $ 11 an ounce two months later, much of the fall occurring on a single day now known as
706:
1995:
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71:
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When a group of traders create activity or rumours in order to drive the price of a security up. An example is the
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rate to benefit their trader's portfolios or to make certain entities appear more creditworthy than they were.
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67:
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1900:
under
Section 54(a) of the securities act of 1968. In the US, market manipulation is also prohibited for
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2508:. Vol. 29, no. 9. Austin, Texas, United States: Emmis Communications Corporation. p. 78.
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2002:
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1853:; the most blatant of cases involve creating false or misleading appearances with respect to the
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1872:
Market manipulation is prohibited in most countries, in particular, it is prohibited in the
1693:
1651:
1646:
1503:
1397:
1292:
987:
429:
375:
2390:
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attempt to flood the market, thereby gaining an advantage over slower market participants.
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2256:, due to changes made to exchange rules regarding the purchase of commodities on margin.
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1261:
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525:
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1513:
1367:
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681:
513:
423:
321:
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1011:
862:
676:
250:
3336:
3316:
3296:
3291:
3236:
3125:
3057:
2270:
2173:
A type of manipulation possible when financial instruments are settled based on
1936:
1909:
1846:
1769:
1525:
1521:
1387:
1211:
1044:
973:
897:
721:
508:
413:
360:
227:
182:
105:
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741:
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542:
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1901:
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1382:
1322:
1297:
1271:
1251:
1236:
854:
380:
316:
2315:
2128:
there is an attempt to push the price of a stock down by heavy selling or
3135:
2771:
2236:
1739:
1671:
1623:
1577:
1541:
1493:
1468:
1406:
1342:
1307:
1191:
1168:
1163:
1146:
1109:
1089:
886:
520:
467:
109:
2979:
1834:
1656:
1608:
1551:
1498:
1473:
1447:
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1357:
1352:
1332:
1302:
1173:
1158:
1069:
1034:
996:
581:
551:
17:
2722:
2248:
1897:
1536:
1362:
1196:
1129:
957:
498:
132:
2571:
2645:
2211:
1854:
1392:
1337:
1287:
493:
274:
2090:
of the 1980s. In the US, this activity is usually referred to as
1759:
1488:
1246:
27:
Deliberate attempt to interfere with and subvert the free market
2575:
1930:
38:
2479:"Rethinking Open- and Cross-Market Manipulation Enforcement"
1845:
where there is a deliberate attempt to interfere with the
2434:(4 ed.). Barron’s Educational Series. p. 46.
63:
2430:
Downes, John; Goodman, Jordan Elliot (August 1995).
3113:
2988:
2887:
2807:
2715:
2682:
2643:
2609:
2504:Gwynne, S. C. (September 2001). "Bunker HUNT".
2369:The Stock Pools and the Securities Exchange Act
2587:
1904:electricity markets under Section 222 of the
1810:
831:
52:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
2379:Journal of Financial Economics 51, 343-369.
1965:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2594:
2580:
2572:
2432:Dictionary of Finance and Investment Terms
2210:for example, involved bankers setting the
1817:
1803:
849:
838:
824:
472:
101:
2029:Learn how and when to remove this message
90:Learn how and when to remove this message
2296:
2140:This works with a company that is very
1782:
1731:
1636:
1595:
1564:
1460:
1414:
1279:
1181:
1019:
986:
949:
905:
868:
861:
550:
104:
2554:. Time Inc. 1980-05-12. Archived from
2524:"2 Hunts Fined And Banned From Trades"
2517:
2515:
7:
1963:adding citations to reliable sources
2103:price can prevent investor losses.
2483:Virginia Law & Business Review
25:
2477:Zabel, Joseph (August 27, 2020).
2305:"SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934"
2850:Electronic communication network
2401:from the original on 2000-10-25.
2373:
1935:
1912:markets under Section 4A of the
1453:Perverting the course of justice
853:
193:Risk & actuarial criminology
116:
43:
2548:"Bunker's Busted Silver Bubble"
2522:Eichenwald, Kurt (1989-12-21).
2179:long (short) financial position
1878:Securities Exchange Act of 1934
1348:Intellectual property violation
2333:"Document 02014R0596-20210101"
2247:attempted to corner the world
1:
2844:Multilateral trading facility
2266:1992 Indian stock market scam
1876:under Section 9(a)(2) of the
3267:Returns-based style analysis
3063:Post-modern portfolio theory
2969:Security characteristic line
2239:. For example, the brothers
2088:Guinness share-trading fraud
1683:Ignorantia juris non excusat
3021:Efficient-market hypothesis
2925:Capital asset pricing model
2862:Straight-through processing
2456:"Quote Stuffing Definition"
1892:under Section 1041A of the
66:, discuss the issue on the
3424:
2838:Alternative Trading System
2169:Cross-product manipulation
1373:Possessing stolen property
1021:Offense against the person
173:Expressive function of law
29:
2160:Cross-market manipulation
1667:Diminished responsibility
1461:Crimes against the public
2902:Arbitrage pricing theory
2367:Mahoney, Paul G., 1999.
1884:under Article 12 of the
1596:Crimes against the state
1516:(such as prohibition of
163:Differential association
3181:Initial public offering
3042:Modern portfolio theory
2937:Dividend discount model
2820:List of stock exchanges
1886:Market Abuse Regulation
1280:Crimes against property
970:(also called violation)
223:Symbolic interactionism
3069:Random walk hypothesis
2218:High closing (finance)
2196:high-frequency traders
1732:Other common-law areas
1565:Crimes against animals
1433:Miscarriage of justice
1415:Crimes against justice
203:Social disorganization
3207:Market capitalization
3016:Dollar cost averaging
1978:"Market manipulation"
1894:Corporations Act 2001
1857:of, or market for, a
1638:Defenses to liability
1428:Malfeasance in office
712:Biosocial criminology
419:Uniform Crime Reports
138:Biosocial criminology
3408:Stock market crashes
3027:Fundamental analysis
3011:Contrarian investing
2974:Security market line
2879:Liquidity aggregator
2856:Direct market access
2767:Quantitative analyst
2286:NSE co-location scam
2245:William Herbert Hunt
2233:cornering the market
2227:Cornering the market
2098:Ramping (the market)
1959:improve this section
1484:Censorship violation
1207:Cybersex trafficking
587:Solitary confinement
72:create a new article
64:improve this article
54:may not represent a
30:For other uses, see
3272:Reverse stock split
3217:Market manipulation
3141:Dual-listed company
3001:Algorithmic trading
2931:Capital market line
2733:Inter-dealer broker
2413:"Sanford: Overview"
2391:"Painting the Tape"
2142:distressed on paper
1839:market manipulation
1662:Defense of property
1514:Illegal consumption
1050:Criminal negligence
950:Severity of offense
777:Radical criminology
148:Collective efficacy
3312:Stock market index
3151:Efficient frontier
3090:Technical analysis
3048:Momentum investing
2870:(private exchange)
2760:Proprietary trader
2702:Shares outstanding
2692:Authorised capital
2558:on October 2, 2008
2528:The New York Times
2241:Nelson Bunker Hunt
2186:Spoofing (finance)
1583:Wildlife smuggling
1573:Cruelty to animals
1202:Child sexual abuse
1154:Negligent homicide
1065:False imprisonment
962:Indictable offense
906:Scope of criminal
3388:Financial markets
3373:Commercial crimes
3360:
3359:
3161:Flight-to-quality
2913:Buffett indicator
2603:Financial markets
2493:– via SSRN.
2358:15 U.S.C § 717c-1
2281:Ketan Parekh scam
2208:The Libor scandal
2092:painting the tape
2039:
2038:
2031:
2013:
1921:tradable security
1906:Federal Power Act
1849:operation of the
1827:
1826:
1227:Indecent exposure
1095:Human trafficking
1060:Domestic violence
988:Inchoate offenses
848:
847:
594:
593:
531:Prisoners' rights
435:Positivist school
100:
99:
92:
74:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
3415:
3393:Financial crimes
3277:Share repurchase
2989:Trading theories
2874:Crossing network
2832:Over-the-counter
2669:Restricted stock
2625:Secondary market
2596:
2589:
2582:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2519:
2510:
2509:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2415:. Archived from
2409:
2403:
2402:
2386:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2365:
2359:
2356:
2350:
2349:16 U.S.C. § 824v
2347:
2341:
2340:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2314:. Archived from
2309:
2301:
2271:Adani Group scam
2136:Lure and squeeze
2034:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2012:
1971:
1939:
1931:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1776:
1647:Actual innocence
1504:Ethnic cleansing
1398:Trespass to land
1293:Arms trafficking
857:
850:
840:
833:
826:
473:
430:Crime statistics
356:
120:
102:
95:
88:
84:
81:
75:
47:
46:
39:
21:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3403:Organized crime
3378:Corporate crime
3363:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3347:Voting interest
3257:Public offering
3192:Mandatory offer
3166:Government bond
3146:DuPont analysis
3109:
3105:Value investing
3100:Value averaging
3095:Trend following
3080:Style investing
3075:Sector rotation
2990:
2984:
2963:Net asset value
2889:Stock valuation
2883:
2803:
2711:
2678:
2664:Preferred stock
2639:
2605:
2600:
2570:
2561:
2559:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2532:
2530:
2521:
2520:
2513:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2461:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2372:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2344:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2318:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2262:
2254:Silver Thursday
2229:
2220:
2204:
2188:
2171:
2162:
2150:
2138:
2122:
2109:
2100:
2084:
2071:
2062:
2053:
2044:
2035:
2024:
2018:
2015:
1972:
1970:
1956:
1940:
1929:
1914:Natural Gas Act
1823:
1764:
1328:False pretenses
1257:Sex trafficking
1183:Sexual offenses
1142:Preterintention
978:Summary offense
844:
815:
814:
790:
782:
781:
707:Anthropological
697:
689:
688:
604:
596:
595:
470:
460:
459:
409:Critical theory
394:
386:
385:
366:State-corporate
354:
277:
266:
265:
261:Archibald Reiss
256:Cesare Lombroso
241:
240:Major theorists
233:
232:
208:Social learning
188:Rational choice
178:Labeling theory
158:Criminalization
128:
96:
85:
79:
76:
61:
48:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3421:
3419:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3365:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3307:Stock exchange
3304:
3302:Stock dilution
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3227:Mean reversion
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3202:Market anomaly
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3121:Bid–ask spread
3117:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2971:
2966:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2948:Earnings yield
2945:
2943:Dividend yield
2940:
2934:
2928:
2922:
2916:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2834:(off-exchange)
2829:
2828:
2827:
2822:
2811:
2809:
2808:Trading venues
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2707:Treasury stock
2704:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2674:Tracking stock
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2650:
2648:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2620:Primary market
2616:
2614:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2576:
2569:
2568:
2539:
2511:
2496:
2469:
2458:. Investopedia
2447:
2440:
2422:
2419:on 2007-08-29.
2404:
2389:Kenton, Will.
2381:
2360:
2351:
2342:
2324:
2321:on 2005-01-13.
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2261:
2258:
2228:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2203:
2200:
2187:
2184:
2170:
2167:
2161:
2158:
2153:Quote stuffing
2149:
2148:Quote stuffing
2146:
2137:
2134:
2121:
2118:
2108:
2105:
2099:
2096:
2083:
2080:
2070:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2036:
1943:
1941:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1908:and wholesale
1882:European Union
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1641:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1499:Hostage-taking
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1267:Sexual slavery
1264:
1262:Sexual assault
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1186:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1127:
1122:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
991:
990:
984:
983:
982:
981:
971:
965:
952:
951:
947:
946:
945:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
911:
910:
903:
902:
901:
900:
895:
890:
883:
873:
872:
866:
865:
859:
858:
846:
845:
843:
842:
835:
828:
820:
817:
816:
813:
812:
807:
802:
797:
791:
788:
787:
784:
783:
780:
779:
774:
769:
764:
762:Organizational
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
698:
695:
694:
691:
690:
687:
686:
685:
684:
679:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
605:
602:
601:
598:
597:
592:
591:
590:
589:
584:
579:
574:
572:Transformative
569:
564:
556:
555:
548:
547:
546:
545:
540:
538:Rehabilitation
535:
534:
533:
528:
526:Prisoner abuse
518:
517:
516:
511:
506:
496:
491:
489:Incapacitation
486:
481:
471:
466:
465:
462:
461:
458:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
395:
392:
391:
388:
387:
384:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
325:
324:
314:
313:
312:
307:
299:
298:
297:
292:
287:
278:
272:
271:
268:
267:
264:
263:
258:
253:
248:
246:Émile Durkheim
242:
239:
238:
235:
234:
231:
230:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
198:Social control
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
153:Crime analysis
150:
145:
143:Broken windows
140:
135:
129:
126:
125:
122:
121:
113:
112:
98:
97:
58:of the subject
56:worldwide view
51:
49:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3420:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3398:Finance fraud
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3282:Short selling
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3171:Greenspan put
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3156:Financial law
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3131:Cross listing
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:Related terms
3112:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3085:Swing trading
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3053:Mosaic theory
3051:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3037:Market timing
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2987:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2826:
2825:Trading hours
2823:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:Broker-dealer
2738:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2697:Issued shares
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2684:Share capital
2681:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2636:
2635:Fourth market
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2608:
2604:
2597:
2592:
2590:
2585:
2583:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2557:
2553:
2552:Time Magazine
2549:
2543:
2540:
2529:
2525:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2507:
2506:Texas Monthly
2500:
2497:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2473:
2470:
2457:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2385:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2361:
2355:
2352:
2346:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2317:
2313:
2306:
2300:
2297:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2276:Harshad Mehta
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2226:
2224:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2192:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2168:
2166:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2130:short selling
2127:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2106:
2104:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:pump and dump
2069:Pump and dump
2068:
2066:
2060:Stock bashing
2059:
2057:
2050:
2048:
2041:
2033:
2030:
2022:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980: –
1979:
1975:
1974:Find sources:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1944:This section
1942:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1874:United States
1870:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1847:free and fair
1844:
1841:is a type of
1840:
1836:
1832:
1820:
1815:
1813:
1808:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1699:Justification
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1532:Miscegenation
1530:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1368:Pickpocketing
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1217:Homosexuality
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1080:Home invasion
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1030:Assassination
1028:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
992:
989:
985:
979:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
959:
956:
955:
954:
953:
948:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
914:
913:
912:
909:
904:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
888:
884:
882:
881:
877:
876:
875:
874:
871:
867:
864:
860:
856:
852:
851:
841:
836:
834:
829:
827:
822:
821:
819:
818:
811:
808:
806:
805:Organizations
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
792:
786:
785:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
752:Environmental
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
693:
692:
683:
680:
678:
675:
674:
672:
670:
669:Postmodernist
667:
665:
662:
660:
659:Neo-classical
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
634:Environmental
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
600:
599:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
562:Participatory
560:
559:
558:
557:
553:
549:
544:
541:
539:
536:
532:
529:
527:
524:
523:
522:
519:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
501:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
476:
475:
474:
469:
464:
463:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
425:
424:Crime mapping
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
396:
390:
389:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
371:Transnational
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
339:International
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
323:
320:
319:
318:
315:
311:
308:
306:
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3332:Tender offer
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3222:Market trend
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3212:Market depth
3032:Growth stock
3006:Buy and hold
2915:(Cap-to-GDP)
2755:Floor trader
2745:Market maker
2728:Floor broker
2716:Participants
2659:Golden share
2654:Common stock
2630:Third market
2560:. Retrieved
2556:the original
2551:
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2450:
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2395:Investopedia
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2019:January 2024
2016:
2006:
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1992:
1985:
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1957:Please help
1945:
1918:
1885:
1871:
1843:market abuse
1838:
1828:
1724:Self-defense
1681:
1604:Lèse-majesté
1318:Embezzlement
1242:Prostitution
1232:Masturbation
1115:Manslaughter
1100:Intimidation
1012:Solicitation
885:
878:
863:Criminal law
757:Experimental
479:Denunciation
445:Quantitative
355:Public-order
310:White-collar
251:Hans Eysenck
86:
77:
53:
36:
32:Manipulation
3337:Uptick rule
3317:Stock split
3297:Squeeze-out
3292:Speculation
3237:Open outcry
3126:Block trade
3058:Pairs trade
2462:October 27,
2312:www.sec.gov
1910:natural gas
1719:Provocation
1443:Obstruction
1423:Compounding
1388:Tax evasion
1212:Fornication
1045:Child abuse
974:Misdemeanor
898:Concurrence
747:Development
722:Criminology
644:Integrative
582:Utilitarian
577:Retributive
567:Restorative
554:in penology
440:Qualitative
414:Ethnography
399:Comparative
305:Blue-collar
228:Victimology
183:Psychopathy
106:Criminology
3367:Categories
3342:Volatility
3322:Stock swap
3242:Order book
2993:strategies
2919:Book value
2787:Arbitrager
2782:Speculator
2562:2008-06-29
2533:2008-06-29
2441:0812090357
2292:References
2175:benchmarks
2113:wash trade
2107:Wash trade
1989:newspapers
1677:Entrapment
1652:Automatism
1629:Subversion
1588:Bestiality
1557:War crimes
1552:Usurpation
1479:Corruption
1438:Misprision
1313:Cybercrime
1105:Kidnapping
1085:Hate crime
1075:Harassment
1055:Defamation
1007:Incitement
1002:Conspiracy
968:Infraction
927:Complicity
922:Accomplice
880:Actus reus
742:Demography
664:Positivist
543:Recidivism
484:Deterrence
376:Victimless
218:Subculture
3383:Cover-ups
2958:Fed model
2953:EV/EBITDA
2868:Dark pool
2799:Regulator
2644:Types of
2610:Types of
2126:bear raid
2120:Bear raid
1946:does not
1902:wholesale
1896:, and in
1890:Australia
1880:, in the
1867:commodity
1831:economics
1740:Contracts
1714:Necessity
1619:Secession
1614:Espionage
1547:Terrorism
1509:Smuggling
1403:Vandalism
1383:Smuggling
1323:Extortion
1298:Blackmail
1272:Voyeurism
1252:Pederasty
1237:Obscenity
1119:corporate
942:Vicarious
937:Principal
932:Corporate
917:Accessory
908:liability
893:Causation
767:Political
696:Subfields
619:Classical
609:Anarchist
504:abolition
404:Profiling
349:Political
344:Organized
329:Corporate
317:Cold case
273:Types of
80:June 2017
68:talk page
3287:Slippage
3247:Position
3232:Momentum
3136:Dividend
2815:Exchange
2772:Investor
2399:Archived
2260:See also
2237:monopoly
2191:Spoofing
2051:Churning
1927:Examples
1863:security
1755:Property
1750:Evidence
1745:Defenses
1694:Insanity
1624:Sedition
1578:Poaching
1542:Regicide
1494:Genocide
1469:Apostasy
1407:Mischief
1343:Gambling
1308:Burglary
1192:Adultery
1169:Stabbing
1164:Stalking
1147:Homicide
1110:Menacing
1090:Homicide
887:Mens rea
870:Elements
800:Journals
727:Critical
717:Conflict
702:American
673:Realism
639:Feminist
629:Critical
624:Conflict
521:Prisoner
468:Penology
334:Juvenile
285:Humanity
281:Against
168:Deviance
110:penology
62:You may
3176:Haircut
2980:T-model
2792:Scalper
2612:markets
2491:3682103
2337:EUR-Lex
2003:scholar
1967:removed
1952:sources
1859:product
1835:finance
1783:Portals
1774:estates
1706: (
1704:Mistake
1689:Infancy
1657:Consent
1609:Treason
1526:smoking
1522:alcohol
1489:Dueling
1474:Begging
1448:Perjury
1378:Robbery
1358:Looting
1353:Larceny
1333:Forgery
1303:Bribery
1174:Torture
1159:Robbery
1117: (
1070:Frameup
1040:Battery
1035:Assault
997:Attempt
732:Culture
654:Marxist
649:Italian
614:Chicago
603:Schools
552:Justice
393:Methods
322:Perfect
18:Ramping
3197:Margin
3065:(PMPT)
2927:(CAPM)
2777:Hedger
2750:Trader
2723:Broker
2646:stocks
2489:
2438:
2249:silver
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1976:
1898:Israel
1851:market
1770:trusts
1708:of law
1672:Duress
1537:Piracy
1524:, and
1363:Payola
1222:Incest
1197:Bigamy
1135:felony
1130:Murder
1125:Mayhem
958:Felony
810:People
789:Browse
772:Public
514:reform
499:Prison
301:Class
290:Person
213:Strain
133:Anomie
127:Theory
3352:Yield
3327:Trade
3262:Rally
3183:(IPO)
3071:(RMH)
3044:(MPT)
3023:(EMH)
2976:(SML)
2965:(NAV)
2939:(DDM)
2933:(CML)
2904:(APT)
2897:Alpha
2864:(STP)
2858:(DMA)
2852:(ECN)
2846:(MTF)
2840:(ATS)
2319:(PDF)
2308:(PDF)
2212:Libor
2124:In a
2111:In a
2042:Pools
2010:JSTOR
1996:books
1888:, in
1855:price
1766:Wills
1760:Torts
1518:drugs
1393:Theft
1338:Fraud
1288:Arson
795:Index
737:Cyber
682:Right
494:Trial
455:NIBRS
361:State
295:State
275:crime
70:, or
3187:Long
2991:and
2921:(BV)
2908:Beta
2487:SSRN
2464:2014
2436:ISBN
2243:and
2082:Runs
1982:news
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1948:cite
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1772:and
1247:Rape
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1791:Law
450:BJS
381:War
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