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in his diary that he, " came to the Basque country to re-create my life. To choose a young girl who might be the mother of my children, to transmit me, prolong me, re-start me in the mystery of new incarnations and I feel myself full of will, of force, of youth.." In
October 1894 he learned that Crucita was pregnant and wrote that he dreamt of " this little Basque who will be born of us.." Their child was born on 29 June 1895. She gave him 3 illegitimate children (1895–1900).
360:" Yet he does his service, to please Gracieuse, and he chooses a nationality, French. To the lack of differentiation French/Spanish, other themes of borders emerge – for example the border between adulthood and adolescence. According to Besnier, Loti, in his Basque life, lived protected from the realities and cruelties of existence, and in a state of perpetual adolescence. In this happy land, it seems only games and pleasures exist, the two principal occupations being
384:." "Time and again in his life Loti travels to a land of possible salvation, that he thinks might know the secret of primitive innocence – time and again follows disillusion, and the traveller understands that, far from him being saved, rather he has brought contagion ('progress', 'civilization') to the dreamed of paradise." In the Basque country too, Loti tried to find his paradise; he learnt to play pelota and began learning the
356:, the slow passage of days and months is simply a succession of feast days and of rejoicing. The outside world doesn't intrude, even military service is left hazy – the reader learns only that Ramuntcho departs for 'a southern land.' From this Basque paradise, Ramuntcho is going to be excluded; the novel is the story of a fall, and of an exile from Eden. Unwilling at first to do his military service ;"
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414:. The characteristics : young lovers, inexperienced, a mix of naive sensuality and chastity, an exaltation of simple life and frugal ways, a timeless world enclosing one, a beautiful and beneficent Nature, seem to appear again, a hundred years later, in Loti's work. But the critic Patrick Besnier has argued that more than the idyll,
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tradition, to the novel of apprenticeship and of formation. "The title is significant. One name. This is
Daphnis without Chloe, Paul without Virginie. Ramuntcho is alone. It is the painful story of a birth. And the novel about love in beautiful natural surroundings is only a stage, an appearance of
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in May 1896. From
February – June 1894 Loti visited the Holy Land ' from which he returned as atheist as before he had set out'. In 1894 too, he met Crucita Gainza (1867–1949) a Spanish Basque, a dancer and dressmaker, and installed her at his home in Rochefort. On 26 November 1893 he had written
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The sentiment of exclusion from paradise which begins for the hero was one Loti knew. Lost childhood obsessed the writer, he was an exile in the world of adults where he would never truly integrate himself, neither able to take it seriously, nor to conquer the anxiety which it inspired in him. He
291:, an area where smuggling was particularly prevalent. In the first months it appeared to him a colourless place, as his diary of the time indicated, but then its charm worked upon him, to the point where he wanted to buy the house he was renting. He gave it a basque name
29:
of France. It is one of Loti's most popular stories—"love, loss and faith remain eternal themes"—with four French film adaptations. It was first published in 5 parts, from 15 December 1896 to 15 February 1897, in the
368:' of the military, for the 'tenues légères' of the players of pelota, he is changed. Even those amongst his comrades who have become fathers, continue to participate in their world as before, but not Ramuntcho. "
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wanted to ensorcerize it..to live in a universe of a manufactured adolescence.. his celebrated taste for dressing up and costume balls, disguising reality, of which so many photographs give proof – Loti as a
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A story of rustic games, and with an innocent character, the novel seems to belong in a certain tradition which blossomed at the end of the eighteenth century – the idyllic pastoral novel – works like
318:" At this point Loti was about to become only an episodic visitor to the Basque country so his diary, already filled with impressions and anecdotes was used almost without modification in the novel.
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and dancing, and the only 'work' really evoked, smuggling, which itself is a kind of game between police and thieves. When
Ramuntcho returns, having symbolically exchanged the '
64:. The bastard son of Franchita (father unknown), he struggles to be an accepted member of Basque society in the village of Etchezar. An accomplished pelota player and smuggler.
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Tuesday 1 November 1893 – A calm day. Luminous, cold. A great malancholy of dead leaves, dead things...in the solitude of my study I conceived the plan and began to write
683:
345:, ( introducing a 1990 edition of the novel), Loti's book is one " shaped by the rapports between father and son – their non-existence, their impossibility.."
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The novel was written as much in
Rochefort as in the Basque country, to which Loti made trips however in 1894 and 1895, before returning to his post on the
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this book, a dark and tragic book.." The apprenticeship is a series of ruptures and of renunciations so that on the last page
Ramuntcho appears as
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Non, je peux ne pas le faire, mon service! je suis
Guipuzcoan, moi, comme ma mère;...Français ou Espagnol, moi, ça m'est égal..
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36:. Calmann-LĂ©vy published the novel in two parts on 10 March 1897. A dramatized version was staged in Paris in 1910, with
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316:, which will perhaps be the great thing I shall turn towards, against the infinite sadnesses of this winter...
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Two years after his arrival in the Basque country, his diary noted the start of the writing of the novel: "
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the Basque country is presented as a quasi-paradisiacal land. Time and history do not weigh upon this
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was born of his encounter with the Basque country. Hendaye became a place he felt destined for him.
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The novel is notable for its documentary description of French Basque culture.
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river that separates Spain and France. The smugglers often cross it at night.
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Loti took command of a gunboat in
December 1891, at Hendaye, and the novel
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70:. Mother of Ramuntcho, she has a mysterious and possibly scandalous past.
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25:. It is a love and adventure story about contraband runners in the
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Ramuntcho, Editions
Gallimard, Collection Folio 1990, preface, p.9
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181:, a neighboring village higher up the mountain and more primitive.
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155:. Town in Basque France where the story mainly takes place. (
120:. Leader of the band of smugglers, he is older and hardened.
114:. Cousins of Madame Daraignaratz who live in Erribiague.
199:, a white-wash used to cover stone buildings and walls.
108:. Blonde girl engaged to Arrochkoa. Mother is "Madame."
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In
December 1891 Julien Viaud (Loti) took command at
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126:. Ramuntcho's friend and fellow smuggler. Red hair.
175:Mountain that dominates the landscape of Etchezar.
187:, a distant village where the nunnery is located.
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689:Works originally published in Revue de Paris
205:, a head-dress often worn by Spanish women.
90:). Ramuntcho's beautiful blonde girlfriend.
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491:Besnier, preface, Folio 1990 edition p.16
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427:une plante déracinée du cher sol basque
684:Novels first published in serial form
500:Preface, Folio 1990 edition, p.16-17
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448:, Pierre Loti, Collins 1983, p.239
21:(1897) is a novel by French author
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230:, short silent French subject by
704:French novels adapted into films
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334:According to the French critic
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398:Jean-Pierre Claris de Florian
163:in the original manuscript )
473:Folio edition, 1990, p. 255
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406:Bernardin de Saint Pierre
251:The Marriage of Ramuntcho
404:or, best known of all,
254:, a 1947 French film by
699:Northern Basque Country
694:Novels set in Aquitaine
464:Lesley Blanch, p. 239.
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106:Pantchika Daraignaratz
679:Novels by Pierre Loti
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268:Pierre Schoendoerffer
263:Ramuntcho (1959 film)
239:Ramuntcho (1938 film)
232:Jacques de Baroncelli
227:Ramuntcho (1919 film)
96:. Gracieuse's mother.
48:Characters and places
584:An Iceland Fisherman
592:Madame Chrysanthème
402:Estelle et NĂ©morian
100:Arrochkoa Detcharry
80:Gracieuse Detcharry
674:1897 French novels
600:Le Mariage de Loti
520:Henri Pène du Bois
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220:Screen adaptations
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653:Piyer Loti Museum
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256:Max de Vaucorbeil
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147:Places and things
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561:Pierre Loti
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124:Florentiono
23:Pierre Loti
668:Categories
433:References
376:, Loti as
179:Erribiague
112:Olhagarray
84:Gatchutcha
56:Characters
616:Ramuntcho
515:Ramuntcho
416:Ramuntcho
388:. He was
350:Ramuntcho
304:Ramuntcho
213:castanets
197:Kalsomine
185:Amezqueta
68:Franchita
62:Ramuntcho
18:Ramuntcho
635:Au Maroc
390:gendarme
378:Louis XI
314:Ramoncho
289:Bidassoa
209:Fandango
203:Mantilla
153:Etchezar
576:Aziyadé
522:. From
374:Pharaoh
354:Arcadie
323:Javelot
285:Javelot
281:Hendaye
167:Bidasoa
118:Itchola
74:Ignatio
638:(1890)
627:Memoir
619:(1897)
611:(1883)
603:(1880)
595:(1887)
587:(1886)
579:(1879)
568:Novels
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382:berber
362:pelota
330:Themes
191:Pelota
173:Gizune
161:Ascain
130:Marcos
82:(also
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275:Notes
450:ISBN
159:and
157:Sare
132:and
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348:In
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40:by
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341:fr
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