66:
40:
370:
should be treated with caution, because 78.9% of individuals (397/503) used in the concatenated analyses had less than half of the gene sequences available for the 19 genes used. Missing data can be problematic in phylogenetic analyses (e.g.) and lead to erroneous conclusions about systematic
1266:
Dunn, K.A., McEachran, J.D., & Honeycutt, R.L. 2003. Molecular phylogenetics of myliobatiform fishes (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes), with comments on the effects of missing data on parsimony and likelihood. Molecular
Phylogenetics and Evolution 27(2): 259-270. DOI:
1304:
Song, H., Sheffield, N.C., Cameron, S.L., Miller, K.B., & Whiting, M.F. 2010. When phylogenetic assumptions are violated: base compositional heterogeneity and among‐site rate variation in beetle mitochondrial phylogenomics. Systematic
Entomology 35:3, 429-448. DOI:
1294:
Jermiin, L.S., Ho, S.Y., Ababneh, F., Robinson, J., & Larkum, A.W. 2004. The biasing effect of compositional heterogeneity on phylogenetic estimates may be underestimated. Systematic biology 53(4): 638-643. DOI:
1314:
McDonald, K.R., Rowley, J.J., Richards, S.J., & Frankham, G.J. (2016). A new species of treefrog (Litoria) from Cape York
Peninsula, Australia. Zootaxa 4171(1): 153-169. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.6
371:
relationships. Additionally, there is no mention of checking for base-composition bias amongst taxa (non-stationarity), which can also lead to incorrect tree phylogenies (e.g.). The species now in
1257:
Simmons, M.P. 2012. Misleading results of likelihood‐based phylogenetic analyses in the presence of missing data. Cladistics 28(2): 208-222. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00375.x)
1223:
Duellman, William E.; Marion, Angela B. & Hedges, S. Blair (19 April 2016). "Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)".
1285:
Xi, Z., Liu, L., & Davis, C.C. 2016. The impact of missing data on species tree estimation. Molecular
Biology and Evolution 33(3): 838-860. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msv266
1276:
Kearney, M. 2002. Fragmentary taxa, missing data, and ambiguity: mistaken assumptions and conclusions. Systematic biology 51(2): 369-381. DOI:10.1080/10635150252899824
1527:
1453:
1427:
1466:
1471:
65:
1188:
335:
1522:
1517:
251:
913:
523:
503:
155:
713:
1395:
1083:
763:
623:
1093:
983:
943:
693:
453:
331:
383:. These changes are not yet widely recognized or accepted, and the AmphibiaWeb continues to recognize
963:
953:
933:
573:
543:
443:
1152:
1133:
1023:
993:
923:
733:
1355:"Getting in shape: adaptation and phylogenetic inertia in morphology of Australian anuran larvae"
1113:
1073:
1063:
1033:
613:
603:
493:
421:
that develop in mountain streams and have enlarged ventral mouths. However, tadpoles of subgenus
184:
60:
1479:
1458:
1376:
1240:
1123:
1053:
1013:
973:
893:
833:
793:
783:
683:
643:
563:
553:
533:
463:
223:
203:
1494:
1484:
1366:
1232:
1103:
1043:
753:
723:
703:
673:
593:
583:
283:
903:
873:
803:
743:
663:
633:
1146:
883:
853:
843:
823:
813:
773:
513:
483:
327:
172:
48:
1511:
1371:
1354:
1003:
863:
653:
473:
319:
137:
39:
347:
271:
164:
53:
1418:
1327:
1440:
366:
into several genera. The systematic and taxonomic conclusions based on
Duellman
1160:
will also be included in the genus once its range has been properly delimited.
1236:
323:
425:
are adapted to standing water and are often found in temporary water bodies.
414:
389:
107:
77:
1380:
1244:
868:(Oliver, Rittmeyer, Torkkola, Dahl, Donnellan & Richards, 2021 "2020")
19:
This article is about a genus of frogs. For the superfamily of frogs, see
1412:
398:
97:
20:
1432:
948:(Anstis, Price, Roberts, Catalano, Hines, Doughty, and Donnellan, 2016)
418:
352:
127:
1445:
87:
1389:
410:
1197:
Amphibian
Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1
358:
117:
1393:
346:
Species in this genus were until recently placed in the then-
387:
in the older, broad sense. The
AmphibiaWeb also recognizes
393:, a position that, without additional amendments, renders
379:. However, the oldest available name for these species is
362:
before. However, in 2016 Duellman and colleagues split
1218:
1216:
1214:
768:(Hoskin, Hines, Meyer, Clarke, and Cunningham, 2013)
1402:
433:The following species are recognised in the genus
518:(McDonald, Rowley, Richards, and Frankham, 2016)
1322:
1320:
648:(Mahony, Knowles, Foster, and Donnellan, 2001)
356:; many of them had been placed in even larger
8:
417:membrane is unpigmented. Many species have
1390:
1334:. University of California, Berkeley. 2018
38:
27:
1370:
1028:(Oliver, Stuart-Fox, and Richards, 2008)
326:, and two nearby groups of islands: the
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1528:Taxa named by Johann Jakob von Tschudi
338:of this taxon is still controversial.
397:paraphyletic; it may be treated as a
318:is a genus of frogs in the subfamily
7:
1199:. American Museum of Natural History
413:is horizontally elliptical, and the
1138:(Davies, McDonald, and Adams, 1986)
14:
1108:(Tyler, Davies, and Martin, 1981)
1078:(Tyler, Davies, and Martin, 1977)
1372:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01750.x
1305:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00517.x
858:(Van Beurden and McDonald, 1980)
698:(Tyler, Davies, and Aplin, 1986)
64:
1359:Journal of Evolutionary Biology
322:. They are found in Australia,
1:
1267:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00442-6
1144:Although currently listed as
1008:(Günther and Richards, 2005)
758:(Donnellan and Mahony, 2004)
668:(Günther and Richards, 2000)
302:(Wells and Wellington, 1985)
294:(Wells and Wellington, 1985)
808:(Davies and McDonald, 1979)
708:(Oliver and Richards, 2007)
1544:
788:(Duméril and Bibron, 1841)
18:
1295:10.1080/10635150490468648
1237:10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1
1187:Frost, Darrel R. (2022).
778:(Menzies and Tyler, 2004)
678:(Kraus and Allison, 2009)
478:(Menzies and Tyler, 2004)
375:were placed in the genus
190:
183:
170:
163:
61:Scientific classification
59:
46:
37:
30:
1353:Van Buskirk, J. (2009).
1118:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
1088:(Tyler and Anstis, 1983)
978:(Tyler and Davies, 1985)
914:Ranoidea novaehollandiae
848:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
838:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
798:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
748:(Peters and Doria, 1878)
608:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
578:(Tyler and Davies, 1979)
524:Ranoidea booroolongensis
504:Ranoidea barringtonensis
1150:, it is expected that "
405:Description and ecology
1084:Ranoidea subglandulosa
764:Ranoidea kroombitensis
624:Ranoidea cyclorhynchus
173:Ranoidea jacksoniensis
1094:Ranoidea thesaurensis
984:Ranoidea platycephala
944:Ranoidea occidentalis
714:Ranoidea genimaculata
694:Ranoidea exophthalmia
454:Ranoidea andiirrmalin
332:Louisiade Archipelago
286:and Wellington, 1985)
964:Ranoidea phyllochroa
954:Ranoidea pearsoniana
934:Ranoidea nyakalensis
918:(Steindachner, 1867)
574:Ranoidea cavernicola
544:Ranoidea brongersmai
444:Ranoidea alboguttata
234:(Steindachner, 1867)
1134:Ranoidea xanthomera
1024:Ranoidea robinsonae
994:Ranoidea raniformis
924:Ranoidea nudidigita
734:Ranoidea gracilenta
16:Genus of amphibians
1158:(Van Kampen, 1909)
1114:Ranoidea verrucosa
1074:Ranoidea splendida
1064:Ranoidea spinifera
1034:Ranoidea rueppelli
998:(Keferstein, 1867)
614:Ranoidea cultripes
604:Ranoidea cryptotis
494:Ranoidea australis
1505:
1504:
1480:Open Tree of Life
1396:Taxon identifiers
1159:
1124:Ranoidea wilcoxii
1054:Ranoidea spenceri
1048:(Andersson, 1916)
1014:Ranoidea rheocola
974:Ranoidea piperata
898:(Andersson, 1916)
894:Ranoidea nannotis
834:Ranoidea maculosa
818:(Boulenger, 1887)
794:Ranoidea longipes
784:Ranoidea lesueuri
684:Ranoidea eucnemis
644:Ranoidea daviesae
638:(Boulenger, 1896)
628:(Boulenger, 1882)
588:(Boulenger, 1892)
564:Ranoidea callista
554:Ranoidea caerulea
548:(Loveridge, 1945)
534:Ranoidea brevipes
464:Ranoidea aruensis
311:
310:
303:
295:
287:
275:
263:
255:
243:
235:
227:
215:
214:(Fitzinger, 1843)
207:
159:
1535:
1523:Amphibian genera
1518:Ranoidea (genus)
1498:
1497:
1488:
1487:
1475:
1474:
1462:
1461:
1449:
1448:
1436:
1435:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1374:
1365:(6): 1326–1337.
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1324:
1315:
1312:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1220:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1184:
1157:
1139:
1129:
1119:
1109:
1104:Ranoidea vagitus
1099:
1089:
1079:
1069:
1059:
1049:
1044:Ranoidea serrata
1039:
1038:(Boettger, 1895)
1029:
1019:
1009:
999:
989:
979:
969:
959:
949:
939:
929:
919:
909:
899:
889:
879:
869:
859:
849:
839:
829:
828:(Richards, 2001)
819:
809:
799:
789:
779:
769:
759:
754:Ranoidea jungguy
749:
739:
729:
724:Ranoidea gilleni
719:
709:
704:Ranoidea fuscula
699:
689:
688:(Lönnberg, 1900)
679:
674:Ranoidea eschata
669:
659:
649:
639:
629:
619:
609:
599:
594:Ranoidea citropa
589:
584:Ranoidea chloris
579:
569:
559:
549:
539:
529:
519:
509:
499:
489:
479:
469:
459:
458:(McDonald, 1997)
449:
301:
293:
281:
269:
261:
249:
241:
233:
221:
213:
201:
153:
69:
68:
42:
28:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1501:
1493:
1491:
1483:
1478:
1470:
1465:
1457:
1452:
1444:
1439:
1431:
1426:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1398:
1388:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1337:
1335:
1326:
1325:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1303:
1299:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1222:
1221:
1212:
1202:
1200:
1186:
1185:
1170:
1166:
1142:
1137:
1128:(Günther, 1864)
1127:
1117:
1107:
1097:
1087:
1077:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
997:
988:(Günther, 1873)
987:
977:
968:(Günther, 1863)
967:
958:(Copland, 1961)
957:
947:
937:
928:(Copland, 1963)
927:
917:
907:
904:Ranoidea napaea
897:
887:
878:(Copland, 1957)
877:
874:Ranoidea moorei
867:
857:
847:
837:
827:
817:
807:
804:Ranoidea lorica
797:
787:
777:
767:
757:
747:
744:Ranoidea impura
737:
728:(Spencer, 1896)
727:
717:
707:
697:
687:
677:
667:
664:Ranoidea elkeae
658:(Günther, 1897)
657:
647:
637:
634:Ranoidea dahlii
627:
617:
607:
597:
587:
577:
567:
557:
547:
537:
527:
517:
508:(Copland, 1957)
507:
497:
487:
477:
467:
457:
448:(Günther, 1867)
447:
431:
407:
344:
336:circumscription
307:
306:
194:
179:
178:(Tschudi, 1838)
176:
152:
63:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1541:
1539:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1510:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1489:
1476:
1463:
1450:
1437:
1424:
1408:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1387:
1386:
1345:
1316:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1278:
1269:
1259:
1250:
1210:
1193:Tschudi, 1838"
1167:
1165:
1162:
1153:Ranoidea papua
1147:incertae sedis
1141:
1140:
1130:
1120:
1110:
1100:
1098:(Peters, 1877)
1090:
1080:
1070:
1060:
1058:(Dubois, 1984)
1050:
1040:
1030:
1020:
1010:
1000:
990:
980:
970:
960:
950:
940:
930:
920:
910:
900:
890:
888:(Hoskin, 2007)
884:Ranoidea myola
880:
870:
860:
854:Ranoidea manya
850:
844:Ranoidea maini
840:
830:
824:Ranoidea macki
820:
814:Ranoidea lutea
810:
800:
790:
780:
774:Ranoidea kumae
770:
760:
750:
740:
738:(Peters, 1869)
730:
720:
710:
700:
690:
680:
670:
660:
650:
640:
630:
620:
618:(Parker, 1940)
610:
600:
590:
580:
570:
560:
550:
540:
538:(Peters, 1871)
530:
520:
514:Ranoidea bella
510:
500:
490:
488:(Lesson, 1829)
484:Ranoidea aurea
480:
470:
460:
450:
439:
430:
427:
406:
403:
343:
340:
328:Maluku Islands
309:
308:
305:
304:
296:
288:
276:
264:
256:
244:
242:(Peters, 1867)
236:
228:
226:, 1859 "1858")
216:
208:
195:
192:
191:
188:
187:
181:
180:
177:
168:
167:
161:
160:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
57:
56:
49:Ranoidea aurea
44:
43:
35:
34:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1540:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1496:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1346:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1301:
1298:
1291:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1163:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1148:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1068:(Tyler, 1968)
1066:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1005:
1004:Ranoidea rara
1001:
996:
995:
991:
986:
985:
981:
976:
975:
971:
966:
965:
961:
956:
955:
951:
946:
945:
941:
936:
935:
931:
926:
925:
921:
916:
915:
911:
908:(Tyler, 1968)
906:
905:
901:
896:
895:
891:
886:
885:
881:
876:
875:
871:
866:
865:
864:Ranoidea mira
861:
856:
855:
851:
846:
845:
841:
836:
835:
831:
826:
825:
821:
816:
815:
811:
806:
805:
801:
796:
795:
791:
786:
785:
781:
776:
775:
771:
766:
765:
761:
756:
755:
751:
746:
745:
741:
736:
735:
731:
726:
725:
721:
718:(Horst, 1883)
716:
715:
711:
706:
705:
701:
696:
695:
691:
686:
685:
681:
676:
675:
671:
666:
665:
661:
656:
655:
654:Ranoidea dayi
651:
646:
645:
641:
636:
635:
631:
626:
625:
621:
616:
615:
611:
606:
605:
601:
598:(Péron, 1807)
596:
595:
591:
586:
585:
581:
576:
575:
571:
568:(Kraus, 2013)
566:
565:
561:
558:(White, 1790)
556:
555:
551:
546:
545:
541:
536:
535:
531:
528:(Moore, 1961)
526:
525:
521:
516:
515:
511:
506:
505:
501:
496:
495:
491:
486:
485:
481:
476:
475:
474:Ranoidea auae
471:
468:(Horst, 1883)
466:
465:
461:
456:
455:
451:
446:
445:
441:
440:
438:
436:
428:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
404:
402:
400:
396:
392:
391:
386:
382:
378:
374:
369:
365:
361:
360:
355:
354:
349:
341:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:Pelodryadinae
317:
316:
300:
297:
292:
289:
285:
280:
277:
273:
268:
265:
260:
257:
253:
248:
245:
240:
237:
232:
229:
225:
220:
217:
212:
209:
205:
200:
197:
196:
189:
186:
182:
175:
174:
169:
166:
162:
157:
151:
150:
146:
143:
142:
139:
138:Pelodryadinae
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
72:
67:
62:
58:
55:
51:
50:
45:
41:
36:
33:
29:
26:
22:
1403:
1362:
1358:
1348:
1336:. Retrieved
1331:
1310:
1300:
1290:
1281:
1272:
1262:
1253:
1231:(1): 1–109.
1228:
1224:
1201:. Retrieved
1196:
1190:
1151:
1145:
1143:
1132:
1122:
1112:
1102:
1092:
1082:
1072:
1062:
1052:
1042:
1032:
1022:
1018:(Liem, 1974)
1012:
1002:
992:
982:
972:
962:
952:
942:
938:(Liem, 1974)
932:
922:
912:
902:
892:
882:
872:
862:
852:
842:
832:
822:
812:
802:
792:
782:
772:
762:
752:
742:
732:
722:
712:
702:
692:
682:
672:
662:
652:
642:
632:
622:
612:
602:
592:
582:
572:
562:
552:
542:
532:
522:
512:
502:
498:(Gray, 1842)
492:
482:
472:
462:
452:
442:
434:
432:
422:
408:
394:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
367:
363:
357:
351:
348:paraphyletic
345:
314:
313:
312:
298:
291:Neophractops
290:
278:
266:
262:(Cope, 1889)
258:
246:
238:
230:
218:
210:
198:
171:
165:Type species
148:
147:
54:type species
47:
31:
25:
1441:iNaturalist
1332:AmphibiaWeb
1203:11 November
377:Dryopsophus
199:Dryopsophus
134:Subfamily:
1512:Categories
1164:References
330:, and the
324:New Guinea
279:Brendanura
259:Mitrolysis
252:Keferstein
247:Chirodryas
1419:Q24813105
1328:"Hylidae"
423:Cyclorana
415:palpebral
390:Cyclorana
267:Fanchonia
239:Phractops
231:Cyclorana
219:Pelodryas
204:Fitzinger
84:Kingdom:
78:Eukaryota
1413:Wikidata
1404:Ranoidea
1381:19457143
1245:27394762
1191:Ranoidea
435:Ranoidea
419:tadpoles
399:subgenus
395:Ranoidea
381:Ranoidea
373:Ranoidea
342:Taxonomy
315:Ranoidea
299:Mosleyia
211:Euscelis
185:Synonyms
149:Ranoidea
124:Family:
108:Amphibia
98:Chordata
94:Phylum:
88:Animalia
74:Domain:
32:Ranoidea
21:Ranoidea
1495:4150144
1485:7666856
1472:1094740
1459:1429557
1433:4816749
1338:18 June
1225:Zootaxa
429:Species
385:Litoria
364:Litoria
353:Litoria
274:, 1893)
254:, 1867)
224:Günther
206:, 1843)
158:, 1838)
156:Tschudi
144:Genus:
128:Hylidae
114:Order:
104:Class:
1492:uBio:
1446:517030
1379:
1243:
368:et al.
350:genus
334:. The
272:Werner
52:, the
1454:IRMNG
411:pupil
284:Wells
118:Anura
1467:ITIS
1428:GBIF
1377:PMID
1340:2018
1241:PMID
1229:4104
1205:2022
409:The
359:Hyla
193:List
1367:doi
1233:doi
1514::
1482::
1469::
1456::
1443::
1430::
1415::
1375:.
1363:22
1361:.
1357:.
1330:.
1319:^
1239:.
1227:.
1213:^
1195:.
1171:^
1156:"
437::
401:.
1383:.
1369::
1342:.
1247:.
1235::
1207:.
1189:"
282:(
270:(
250:(
222:(
202:(
154:(
23:.
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