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745:; there had been no prior family history. The emotional effect of her illness was referenced in the comic panel "Emotion", published 18 months later in April 2012. In September 2011, he announced that they had married. In November 2012, Munroe published a comic entitled "Two Years", reflecting on their relationship since his wife's breast cancer diagnosis. He revisited the subject in December 2017 with a comic entitled "Seven Years" and again in November 2020 in a comic entitled "Ten Years".
164:
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438:(IRC) channels, the software's algorithm attempts to prevent repetition in IRC channels by temporarily muting users who send messages that are identical to a message that has been sent to the channel before. If users continue to send unoriginal messages, Robot9000 mutes the user for a longer period, quadrupling for each unoriginal message the user sends to the channel. Shortly after Munroe's blog post about the script went live,
2805:
550:, where he has answered questions sent in by fans of his comics. These questions are usually absurd and related to math or physics, and he explains them using both his knowledge and various academic sources. In 2014, he published a collection of some of the responses, as well as a few new ones and some rejected questions, in a book entitled
2791:
474:
colors and asked to enter a suitable name for each specific color. Munroe wanted to identify colors which were given identical or highly similar names by a large number of survey participants, which would then serve as an approximate list of the most common colors rendered similarly across a range of
357:
Munroe had originally used xkcd as an instant messaging screenname because he wanted a name without a meaning so he would not eventually grow tired of it. He registered the domain name, but left it idle until he started posting his drawings, perhaps in
September 2005. The webcomic quickly became very
605:
in 2011, and to remedy what he described as "confusing" reporting on radiation levels in the media, Munroe created a radiation chart of comparative radiation exposure levels. The chart was rapidly adopted by print and online journalists in several countries, including being linked to by online
1833:
Surprisingly enough, however, the /r9k/ board, otherwise known as ROBOT9001, was originally conceived as a way to increase the quality of messages on the wildly popular webcomic xkcd. It used a type of auto-moderation that prevented people from posting the same comment multiple times. 4chan
665:, saw these illustrations as potentially useful for textbooks, and announced in March 2016 that the next editions of their high-school-level chemistry, biology, and physics textbooks will include selected drawings and accompanying text from
1293:
My about page mentions that I work for NASA — I'm technically a contractor working repeated contracts for them. However, they recently ran out of money to rehire me for another contract, so I'm done there for
1820:
358:
popular, garnering up to 70 million hits a month by
October 2007. In 2008, Munroe said, "I think the comic that's gotten me the most feedback is actually the one about the stoplights".
423:
Munroe is the creator of the now defunct websites "The
Funniest", "The Cutest", and "The Fairest", each of which presents users with two options and asks them to choose one over the other.
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689:, which was released in September of that year. The book deals with everyday problems by using physics to find absurd, and generally extreme, solutions to them.
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on the xkcd website. They have since been adopted as conventional color identifiers in various programming and markup languages, including
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243:, though he grew up in Virginia. His father has worked as an engineer and marketer. He has two younger siblings and was raised as a
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202:. Munroe has worked full-time on the comic since late 2006. In addition to publishing a book of the webcomic's strips, titled
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In 2010, he published a collection of the comics. He has also toured the lecture circuit, giving speeches at places such as
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616:. As a result of requests for permission to reprint the chart and to translate it into Japanese, Munroe placed it in the
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2098:"XKCD's Randall Munroe announces What If? 2, with more scientific answers to life's most absurd hypothetical questions"
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821:
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338:" is a tag added by Knowledge (XXG) editors to unsourced statements in articles requesting citations to be added.
2319:"Thing Explainer: Complicated Stuff in Simple Words by Randall Munroe – funny, precise and beautifully designed"
1000:
2758:
1229:...Calvin and Hobbes was the first comic that I discovered. / ... I'm pretty sure I started in September 2005
2864:
2553:
1472:
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701:, where he first uploaded on November 29 of the same year. On the channel Munroe answers questions from the
479:. Over 200,000 people eventually completed the survey, and Munroe published the resulting list of 954 named
294:
1972:
2994:
396:
318:
2126:
1907:
1811:"A short history of /r9k/ — the 4chan message board some believe may be connected to the Oregon shooting"
193:(born October 17, 1984) is an American cartoonist, author, and engineer best known as the creator of the
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752:, in which cameras are attached to kites and photographs are then taken of the ground or buildings.
454:
trialed R9K mode as a beta feature, and eventually introduced it under the name "unique-chat mode".
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In early 2010, Munroe ran the xkcd Color Name Survey, in which participants were shown a series of
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eventually moved the idea and software behind ROBOT9000 on to its site. They just added a one.
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chat moderation script named "Robot9000". Originally developed to moderate one of Munroe's
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readers had submitted his name as a candidate for the renaming of asteroid (4942) 1987 DU
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What If? 2: Additional
Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions
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What If? 2: Additional
Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions
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620:, but requested that his non-expert status be clearly stated in any reprinting.
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365:-related merchandise, primarily thousands of t-shirts a month. He licenses his
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magazine online published an interview and "Cartoon Off" between Munroe and
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2288:"XKCD has a new book about explaining complicated subjects in simple ways"
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published "The Space Doctor's Big Idea", an article by Munroe explaining
194:
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2387:"XKCD Creator Randall Munroe Making Content For High School Textbooks"
2042:"What If? Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions"
1993:
1113:"What If? Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions"
1001:"The world's funniest former NASA roboticist will take your questions"
556:. Starting in November 2019, Munroe began writing a monthly column in
354:
describes it as "A webcomic of romance, sarcasm, math, and language".
262:
Chesterfield County
Mathematics and Science High School at Clover Hill
1212:
793:
What If?: Serious
Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions
553:
What If?: Serious
Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions
381:
373:
attribution-noncommercial 2.5, stating that it is not just about the
301:
1158:"Xkcd Creator Randall Munroe on the Joys of Overthinking Everything"
467:, in which each cartoonist drew a series of four humorous cartoons.
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NASA Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
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975:"Randall Munroe on answering the strangest scientific questions"
543:
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198:
125:
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841:
How To: Absurd
Scientific Advice for Common Real-World Problems
2243:
Munroe, Randall (October 4, 2013). "The Rise of Open Access".
2187:"The 'Dread to Risk' Ratio on Radiation and other Discontents"
2122:
1947:
435:
2665:
2153:"Why Fukushima made me stop worrying and love nuclear power"
697:
On August 31, 2023, Munroe created a YouTube channel called
2419:
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566:, answering user-submitted questions in the same style as
297:, before and after his graduation with a physics degree.
289:
Munroe worked as a contract programmer and roboticist for
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Munroe's 2011 chart on various doses of radioactivity in
2353:"Randall Munroe, XKCD Creator, Goes Back to High School"
1948:"954 most common RGB colors (xkcd color survey results)"
1737:
1557:
330:): "Semi-protect the Constitution". On Knowledge (XXG),
1397:
446:
adapted the script to moderate the site's experimental
334:
pages may not be edited by new or unregistered users. "
177:
1873:"Twitch Unique Chat Mode - Twitch - Streamer Tactics"
1847:"What Does R9K Mode Mean - Twitch - Streamer Tactics"
1780:"ROBOT9000 and #xkcd-signal: Attacking Noise in Chat"
890:
North, Ryan; Matthew, Bennardo; Malki, David (2010).
2851:
1973:"Specifying colors - Matplotlib 3.7.0 documentation"
713:
In September 2013, Munroe announced that a group of
2949:
2894:
1357:"Cartoonist Randall Munroe Will Be Your Answer Man"
1215:. Event occurs at 24:13, 48:05, other timepoints.
705:book series, accompanied by xkcd-style animations.
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34:
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685:In February 2019, Munroe announced his next book,
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1149:
919:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
909:. Archived from the original on January 2, 2023.
1508:"Real Geek Heart Beats in Xkcd's Stick Figures"
1189:
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403:in 2011 and again in 2012. In 2014, he won the
251:in newspapers from an early age, starting with
1587:
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377:, but that it also makes good business sense.
2872:
8:
1325:"Robots or Webcomics? That was the Question"
530:Munroe explaining one of the scenarios from
1465:"xkcd: A comic strip for the computer geek"
361:Munroe now supports himself by the sale of
2879:
2865:
2857:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1366:. Vol. 266, no. 31. p. 49.
627:-style comic on scientific publishing and
42:
31:
16:American cartoonist and author (born 1984)
1630:"Randall Munroe's visit to Google (xkcd)"
1156:Martinelli, Marissa (September 6, 2019).
884:Publications with contributions by Munroe
399:resulted in Munroe being nominated for a
300:In late 2006, he left NASA, and moved to
1500:
1498:
1595:"Randall Munroe Explains It All for Us"
1463:Fernandez, Rebecca (October 12, 2006).
1170:from the original on September 10, 2019
934:
3045:Writers from Somerville, Massachusetts
2738:from the original on November 17, 2020
2633:Munroe, Randall (September 12, 2011).
2129:from the original on November 22, 2019
2096:Gartenberg, Chaim (January 31, 2022).
1694:from the original on September 6, 2015
1592:Alter, Alexandra (November 23, 2015).
1219:from the original on December 19, 2021
987:from the original on January 19, 2024.
912:
3025:Christopher Newport University alumni
2771:from the original on January 12, 2012
2726:Munroe, Randall (November 16, 2020).
2695:Munroe, Randall (December 13, 2017).
2664:Munroe, Randall (November 30, 2012).
2645:from the original on November 3, 2011
2317:Alderman, Naomi (December 17, 2015).
2018:Munroe, Randall (November 18, 2015).
1809:Petersen, Kierran (October 2, 2015).
1537:from the original on October 11, 2008
1439:from the original on February 3, 2020
1194:Munroe, Randall (December 11, 2007).
1034:"This Is Funny Only if You Know Unix"
1026:
1024:
1022:
998:Cavna, Michael (September 12, 2022).
426:In January 2008, Munroe developed an
322:"Wikipedian Protester", published on
7:
2544:Munroe, Randall (November 5, 2010).
2525:from the original on October 3, 2013
1778:Munroe, Randall (January 14, 2008).
1283:from the original on August 24, 2013
1081:Tupponce, Joan (November 24, 2009).
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
2556:from the original on March 25, 2019
2432:from the original on March 29, 2019
2399:from the original on April 14, 2016
2366:from the original on March 25, 2019
2331:from the original on March 25, 2019
2298:from the original on March 25, 2019
2286:Kastrenakes, Jacob (May 13, 2015).
2197:from the original on March 26, 2011
1823:from the original on March 25, 2019
1790:from the original on March 25, 2019
1606:from the original on March 25, 2019
1568:from the original on March 25, 2019
1408:from the original on March 22, 2019
1093:from the original on March 27, 2020
1055:from the original on March 25, 2019
593:, ranging from negligible to lethal
577:, was published in September 2022.
2707:from the original on March 4, 2019
2676:from the original on July 11, 2024
2614:from the original on March 8, 2019
2216:Munroe, Randall (March 19, 2011).
2163:from the original on June 26, 2015
2077:from the original on June 16, 2020
1505:So, Adrienne (November 13, 2007).
1129:10.1038/scientificamerican0914-92b
954:from the original on March 5, 2017
748:His hobbies and interests include
603:Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
597:In response to concerns about the
395:The popularity of the strip among
14:
3040:Writers from Easton, Pennsylvania
2583:from the original on May 21, 2018
2575:Munroe, Randall (June 30, 2011).
2350:Chang, Kenneth (March 22, 2016).
2224:from the original on July 5, 2011
1898:Katz, Farley (October 15, 2008).
1249:from the original on May 23, 2019
944:"JPL Small-Body Database Browser"
405:Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story
304:to focus on webcomics full time.
2831:
2817:
2803:
2789:
2385:Jao, Charline (March 23, 2016).
1556:Randall Munroe (June 15, 2007).
1354:Harvkey, Mike (August 5, 2019).
1273:"Many news things, some overdue"
727:International Astronomical Union
162:
2519:xkcd | The blag of the webcomic
2487:. July 29, 2013. Archived from
741:was diagnosed with stage three
725:. The name was accepted by the
2759:"The joys of kite photography"
1277:xkcd: The blag of the webcomic
1197:Authors@Google: Randall Munroe
401:Hugo Award for Best Fan Artist
270:Christopher Newport University
90:Christopher Newport University
1:
2757:Kuchera, Ben (July 2, 2007).
2020:"The Space Doctor's Big Idea"
1688:"Hugo Awards 2014 nomination"
1686:Hugo Staff (April 18, 2014).
1661:"Hugo Awards 2012 nomination"
973:Ly, Chen (October 12, 2022).
206:, he has written four books:
1031:Cohen, Noam (May 26, 2008).
534:while promoting the book in
342:Munroe's webcomic, entitled
2265:10.1126/science.342.6154.58
1123:(3): 146. August 19, 2014.
581:Radioactivity visualization
3061:
3030:Hugo Award-winning writers
3015:Artists from Massachusetts
3010:American webcomic creators
1994:"CTAN: Package xkcdcolors"
1816:Public Radio International
1323:Lineberry, Denise (2012).
737:In October 2010, Munroe's
678:
646:
515:
326:with all-caps title-text (
311:
260:After graduating from the
18:
3020:Artists from Pennsylvania
2481:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
1209:Mountain View, California
948:JPL Solar System Dynamics
868:. Riverhead Books. 2022.
822:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
663:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
659:most common English words
504:most common English words
390:Mountain View, California
272:in 2006 with a degree in
175:
161:
41:
2546:"November - 2010 - xkcd"
2477:"4942 Munroe (1987 DU6)"
2123:"Radiation dosage chart"
661:. The book's publisher,
235:Early life and education
19:Not to be confused with
3000:American comics writers
1523:Condé Nast Publications
1473:Raleigh, North Carolina
295:Langley Research Center
2515:"Asteroid 4942 Munroe"
2513:(September 30, 2013).
2193:. The New York Times.
1922:"Color Survey Results"
1398:"Wikipedian Protester"
761:Publications by Munroe
594:
539:
339:
191:Randall Patrick Munroe
61:Randall Patrick Munroe
1628:(December 21, 2007).
1141:I grew up in Virginia
1083:"A Cartoonist's Mind"
588:
529:
502:using only the 1,000
375:free culture movement
321:
3005:American roboticists
2839:United States portal
2491:on September 6, 2014
1853:. September 30, 2022
1721:on December 5, 2006.
623:Munroe published an
397:science fiction fans
369:creations under the
268:, he graduated from
266:Midlothian, Virginia
241:Easton, Pennsylvania
76:Easton, Pennsylvania
2257:2013Sci...342...58.
1900:"Cartoon-Off: XKCD"
1879:. November 18, 2022
1877:streamertactics.com
1851:streamertactics.com
1271:(October 6, 2006).
1117:Scientific American
1006:The Washington Post
436:Internet Relay Chat
239:Munroe was born in
48:Munroe speaking at
2185:(March 23, 2011).
2151:(March 21, 2011).
2071:The New York Times
1640:on October 5, 2008
1600:The New York Times
1279:. WordPress. Job.
1040:The New York Times
942:Chamberlin, Alan.
614:The New York Times
595:
559:The New York Times
540:
500:general relativity
340:
247:. He was a fan of
2977:
2976:
2602:Munroe, Randall.
2452:"xkcd's What If?"
2418:Munroe, Randall.
2218:"Radiation Chart"
2046:www.goodreads.com
2030:on April 1, 2023.
1910:on April 1, 2015.
1751:Munroe, Randall.
1732:Munroe, Randall.
1713:Munroe, Randall.
1427:Munroe, Randall.
1396:Munroe, Randall.
1363:Publishers Weekly
1335:on March 25, 2019
1241:Munroe, Randall.
1087:Richmond Magazine
637:in October 2013.
522:What If? 2 (book)
477:computer monitors
457:In October 2008,
444:Christopher Poole
346:, is primarily a
254:Calvin and Hobbes
188:
187:
3052:
2958:Machine of Death
2881:
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2852:Official website
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2797:Biography portal
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2577:"Family Illness"
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1755:. Archived from
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1736:. Archived from
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1479:. Archived from
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2489:the original
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2392:The Mary Sue
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2324:The Guardian
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2157:The Guardian
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2125:. xkcd.com.
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2028:the original
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1757:the original
1746:
1738:the original
1734:"The Cutest"
1727:
1719:the original
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1665:the original
1659:Hugo Staff.
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1638:the original
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1608:. Retrieved
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1558:"Long Light"
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1481:the original
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1410:. Retrieved
1401:
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1381:– via
1377:November 16,
1375:. Retrieved
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1337:. Retrieved
1333:the original
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2990:1984 births
2964:4942 Munroe
2728:"Ten Years"
2666:"Two Years"
2461:December 5,
2456:youtube.com
2436:February 6,
2133:January 28,
2107:February 1,
2051:January 17,
1957:October 22,
1932:October 22,
1443:February 5,
1203:Adobe Flash
1097:January 28,
846:John Murray
798:John Murray
723:4942 Munroe
629:open access
465:Farley Katz
428:open-source
350:comic. Its
2984:Categories
2969:Geohashing
2926:What If? 2
2895:Solo works
2711:January 6,
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