40:
2005:
2014:
1155:: This term means property stolen anywhere, as long as the theft amounted to an offence where committed. It includes any proceeds of that property, including money for which it has been sold, and anything bought with those proceeds. However, property which has been returned to the original owner, or otherwise lawful custody, is no longer regarded as stolen, by section 24(3). This may create difficulties,
59:
1288:
transactions over time when the defendant knows or suspects that the assets which he has concealed, acquired, used, possessed, or in respect of which they have entered into an arrangement which they know or suspect facilitates the acquisition, retention, use, or control of criminal property by or on behalf of another person, are the proceeds of criminal conduct (compare
1896:
1175:: The offence of handling is drafted widely enough to criminalise any dishonest dealing with property that has been come by dishonestly; for example, the original thief may also be convicted of a subsequent handling if the thief later arranges its sale. A codification of the methods of dealing has been suggested as
1222:
Belief ... is something short of knowledge. It may be said to be the state of mind of a person who says to himself, "I cannot say I know for certain that these goods are stolen, but there can be no other reasonable conclusion in the light of all the circumstances, in the light of all that I have
1318:
The wording of
Section 22 actually creates eighteen ways in which "handling" may be committed, This may create a problem for prosecutors in that Rule 7 of the Criminal Procedure Rules 2005, and Rule 7 of the Indictments Rules 1971, provide that only a single offence may be charged in one information
1295:
Section 23 of the 1968 Act creates an offence of "advertising rewards for the return of stolen goods". This prohibits public advertising for the return of such goods that state that "no questions will be asked", or that offer immunity from prosecution to the returner, or that state that monies paid
1503:
Receiving stolen property and possession of stolen property are treated as separate offenses in some jurisdictions. What distinguishes the offenses is when the person became aware that the property was stolen. If the person knew that the property was stolen at the time he received it, the crime is
1103:
If the value of the property is greater than $ 5,000, the maximum punishment on indictment is 10 years for possession only, and 14 years if related to trafficking. Otherwise, the maximum on indictment is two years and five years respectively, or alternatively punishment by summary conviction. (ss.
1039:
In many jurisdictions, if an individual has accepted possession of goods (or property) and knew they were stolen, then the individual may be charged with a crime, depending on the value of the stolen goods, and the goods are returned to the original owner. If the individual did not know the goods
1334:
Section 27(3) of the Theft Act 1968 introduces a rare exception to the rule against admissibility of previous criminal conduct in the case of this offence. Evidence may be adduced (but only if handling is the only charge faced by the defendant) that the defendant (a) has been involved in similar
1147:
A person handles stolen goods if (otherwise than in the course of stealing), knowing or believing them to be stolen goods he dishonestly receives the goods, or dishonestly undertakes or assists in their retention, removal, disposal or realisation by or for the benefit of another person, or if he
1287:
Laundering is an offence under ss. 327/9 and 340(3)(b) Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 and the distinction between this and handling depends on whether the defendant's intention was to launder the proceeds of crime or merely to assist a thief. Laundering covers large amounts of money in a series of
1206:: The accused's knowledge or belief as to the nature of the goods is crucial, but has been a constant source of interpretive problems. Either may be based on what the thief says or some other positive information, but belief is less than knowledge and more than mere suspicion. In
1474:
To be guilty of the offense, a person must know that the property had been stolen, but he need not know that it was moving as, or constituted a part of, interstate commerce. The term "interstate commerce" merely refers to the movement of property from one
1483:
All U.S. states also have laws regarding receipt of stolen property. There is no minimum dollar amount in many jurisdictions, and in the case of state laws the requirement from
Federal law regarding interstate commerce does not apply. In many states
1091:. (1) Every one commits an offence who has in his possession any property or thing or any proceeds of any property or thing knowing that all or part of the property or thing or of the proceeds was obtained by or derived directly or indirectly from
1479:
into another; and it is sufficient if the property has recently moved interstate as a result of a transaction or a series of related transactions that have not been fully completed or consummated at the time of the person's acts as alleged.
1507:
The state must prove that the defendant received or possessed the property for a dishonest purpose. If, for example, the person acquired possession for the purpose of returning the property to its lawful owner, no crime has been committed.
1330:
Apart from the apparent difficulties of specifying a charge that does not offend against the rule against duplicity, it has been said that "in practice almost anything a person does with stolen goods may be classified as a handling".
1243:. So if the defendant bought goods in a pub or a dark alley for a fraction of their true value and it is clear that identification marks or serial numbers have been erased, denial of belief by the defendant would not be credible.
1335:
conduct within the previous twelve months, and (b) has a previous conviction for handling within five years. This is to counter repeated defences of "innocent dealing" as may be put forward by dishonest
1280:(1973) that where goods previously stolen have been reduced into lawful possession, not only can they not be "handled", but there can be no attempt to handle them. However, since then, section 1 of the
1504:
receiving stolen property. If the person did not know the property was stolen at the time she received it but found out after receiving possession, the crime is possession of stolen property.
1040:
were stolen, then the goods are returned to the owner and the individual is not prosecuted. However, it can be difficult to prove or disprove a suspect's knowledge that the goods were stolen.
1200:, a man had brought stolen goods into the marital home, and his wife, the defendant, had lied to the police; it was held that this constituted "assisting in the retention" of those goods.
1235:
The situation is further complicated by the concept of recklessness or wilful blindness to the circumstances; either will be treated as a belief that the goods are stolen. Thus,
1770:
1408:
1364:
1845:
1185:
undertaking the keeping, removing, disposing of, or realisation of stolen goods by or for the benefit of another person, or helping with any of those things, or
1165:
It is not necessary that the property be "stolen" in a limited sense; section 24(4) of the Act specifically extends the scope to property obtained by fraud or
1127:
or other person who helps the thief to realise the value of the stolen goods. (This replaces the offence of "receiving stolen goods" under section 33 of the
1858:
Lying to the police about the location of known stolen goods has been sufficient to be prosecuted for reset, as it aids the criminal in retaining the goods.
1522:
1927:
1439:, and is defined as knowingly receiving, concealing, or disposing of stolen property with a value of at least $ 5,000 such that it also constitutes
1339:. If the defendant is facing other charges, evidence of previous bad character may be admissible under Section 98 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003.
1169:. However, it is also implicit in the definition of offences such as burglary or robbery that handling may apply to the proceeds of these offences.
39:
1756:
1696:
1592:
1020:
1569:
1270:
in that defendants may be dishonest and intend to handle goods (which they believe to be stolen) but which are not in fact stolen. The
1778:
1432:
1352:
1327:
that the "appropriation" in theft may be a continuing act, so it may be difficult to determine whether a theft has been completed.
1084:
The basic definition for the possession offence (which is almost identical in wording for the trafficking offences) is as follows:
2604:
2526:
656:
420:
1733:
1709:
1098:(b) an act or omission anywhere that, if it had occurred in Canada, would have constituted an offence punishable by indictment.
1647:
892:
145:
902:
1920:
1672:
977:
886:
1323:). It can also be difficult to determine the meaning of "otherwise than in the course of stealing"; it was decided in
44:
2030:
1492:
is not as stringent or is nonexistent. This means that one can be charged with the crime—usually a minor degree of
1281:
1013:
224:
1468:
870:
2752:
1489:
917:
140:
1404:
2404:
2004:
1913:
1211:
735:
2722:
2707:
2516:
2506:
2129:
1259:
1054:
907:
646:
636:
322:
120:
73:
2501:
2266:
1267:
1006:
927:
631:
551:
2594:
2511:
2496:
2390:
1123:. It takes place after a theft or other dishonest acquisition is completed and may be committed by a
721:
641:
626:
410:
1596:
1546:
2684:
2060:
1948:
1440:
865:
253:
205:
135:
125:
31:
2609:
2589:
2554:
2544:
2164:
2145:
2075:
1984:
1751:
1691:
1308:
1215:
969:
786:
776:
425:
405:
357:
338:
268:
165:
2450:
807:
2712:
2614:
2105:
2070:
1839:
1643:
1563:
1471:
that the person either received, concealed, stored, sold, or disposed of the stolen property.
1380:
1276:
1116:
948:
922:
430:
298:
263:
1231:"I suspect that these goods may be stolen, but it may be on the other hand that they are not"
2670:
2376:
2314:
2211:
1517:
1446:
A person can be found guilty of that offense only if all of the following facts are proven:
1289:
1240:
1159:
1128:
1124:
1120:
897:
855:
850:
707:
601:
496:
191:
1823:
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2747:
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2152:
2050:
1979:
1573:
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841:
531:
460:
386:
345:
243:
181:
171:
111:
96:
17:
1348:
2742:
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2441:
2135:
1989:
1721:
1686:
1312:
1300:
1271:
1140:
953:
911:
470:
465:
328:
1296:
for the goods will be reimbursed. This is a summary offence but is rarely prosecuted.
1239:
will be converted into belief when the facts are so obvious that belief may safely be
2736:
2386:
2286:
2090:
2040:
1428:
1420:
717:
571:
283:
233:
1311:
to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or to a fine not exceeding the
1036:
is a crime in which an individual has bought, been given, or acquired stolen goods.
2694:
2629:
2619:
2236:
2125:
2110:
1450:
The person received or concealed or stored or disposed of items of stolen property.
1384:
958:
521:
445:
435:
318:
303:
215:
66:
1436:
2599:
2398:
2394:
2304:
2055:
2013:
1969:
1746:
1320:
1247:
973:
729:
725:
591:
415:
248:
177:
101:
48:
1496:—even if one did not know the item in question was stolen. In the Ohio case of
2689:
2475:
2356:
2351:
2231:
2115:
2095:
2085:
2065:
2019:
2009:
1994:
1964:
1476:
1464:
1336:
1307:
on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years, or on
1304:
1193:
994:
880:
832:
687:
682:
516:
308:
288:
278:
258:
210:
130:
83:
2659:
2639:
2624:
2559:
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2460:
2429:
2419:
2381:
2319:
2299:
2241:
2216:
1166:
822:
817:
791:
760:
750:
712:
606:
586:
526:
501:
475:
455:
440:
58:
2717:
1500:, the goods did not need to actually be stolen, just represented as such.
2579:
2549:
2470:
2414:
2366:
2341:
2323:
2261:
2226:
2197:
2179:
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2100:
1253:
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875:
827:
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672:
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546:
511:
395:
372:
367:
350:
313:
293:
90:
1453:
The items were moving as, or constituted a part of, interstate commerce.
1076:
Possession of property obtained by crime for the purposes of trafficking
2679:
2521:
2487:
2455:
2424:
2371:
2346:
2294:
2276:
2271:
2251:
2221:
2184:
2169:
2080:
2045:
1639:
1376:
1095:(a) the commission in Canada of an offence punishable by indictment; or
860:
812:
755:
702:
677:
651:
581:
561:
556:
536:
506:
377:
362:
273:
238:
200:
2584:
2409:
2281:
2140:
1974:
1493:
1319:(in the Magistrates' Court) or in one count of an indictment (in the
740:
566:
400:
333:
161:
1869:
1899: (Court of Appeals, First Appellate District of Ohio 2005).
1673:"The new test for dishonesty: The impact of Ivey v Genting Casinos"
2309:
2256:
2206:
1937:
1388:
1372:
596:
541:
491:
38:
1905:
2634:
2361:
1485:
963:
692:
450:
1909:
1801:"Theft Act Offences (Legal Guidance, Fraud and economic crime)"
30:"Stolen goods" redirects here. For the 1915 American film, see
1227:
He went on to distinguish the case where a defendant has said
1303:. A person guilty of handling stolen goods is liable, on
1409:
Criminal
Justice (Theft and Fraud Offences) Act 2001
2669:
2569:
2536:
2485:
2439:
2333:
2195:
2029:
1957:
1822:Criminal Law (Consolidation) (Scotland) Act 1995,
1443:(i.e., has been transported across state lines).
1284:confirms that such a defendant can be convicted.
1139:This offence is created by section 22(1) of the
1229:
1220:
1145:
1086:
1921:
1803:. Crown Prosecution Service. 9 September 2022
1257:of the offence is the same as for theft (see
1014:
8:
1712:, section 17(1) and Schedule 1, paragraph 28
1844:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1559:
1557:
1523:Handling salmon in suspicious circumstances
1456:The items had a value in excess of $ 5,000.
1928:
1914:
1906:
1634:Elliott, Catherine; Frances Quinn (2000).
1021:
1007:
53:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1459:The person acted knowingly and willfully.
1371:. It includes property that was taken by
1188:arranging to do any of the things in (3).
1070:Trafficking in property obtained by crime
1064:Possession of property obtained by crime
1539:
1196:of handling very wide. For example, in
986:
935:
840:
799:
768:
664:
618:
483:
385:
223:
190:
153:
109:
72:
65:
1837:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1115:is the name of a statutory offence in
7:
1488:, for example), the burden to prove
1747:"The Criminal Procedure Rules 2005"
1266:There was at one time an issue of
25:
1871:2913.51 Receiving stolen property
1353:Theft Act (Northern Ireland) 1969
1299:Handling stolen goods is triable
2527:Perverting the course of justice
2012:
2003:
1951:. Not all types are listed here.
1687:"Theft Act 1968: Section 23"
657:Perverting the course of justice
57:
2267:Intellectual property violation
552:Intellectual property violation
47:checking for stolen goods at a
1:
1775:[1979] 1 Crim LR 596"
1379:as well as property taken by
1734:Magistrates' Courts Act 1980
1710:Magistrates' Courts Act 1980
1617:by sections 24(2)(a) and (b)
1044:Nature of offence by country
887:Ignorantia juris non excusat
1897:164 Ohio App.3d 528
1347:This offence is created by
1214:260, it was held that, per
45:Vancouver Police Department
2769:
2291:Possessing stolen property
1425:receipt of stolen property
1391:, and willful imposition.
1282:Criminal Attempts Act 1981
1182:arranging to receive them,
1057:specifies three offences:
1034:Possession of stolen goods
577:Possessing stolen property
225:Offense against the person
29:
18:Receipt of stolen property
2704:
2001:
1944:
1699:, 1968 c. 60 (s. 23)
1469:beyond a reasonable doubt
871:Diminished responsibility
665:Crimes against the public
2389:(such as prohibition of
1401:handling stolen property
800:Crimes against the state
720:(such as prohibition of
1367:, this crime is called
1179:receiving stolen goods,
484:Crimes against property
174:(also called violation)
2507:Miscarriage of justice
1260:Ivey v Genting Casinos
1233:
1225:
1150:
1101:
936:Other common-law areas
769:Crimes against animals
637:Miscarriage of justice
619:Crimes against justice
51:
2502:Malfeasance in office
1947:Note: Crimes vary by
1757:The National Archives
1697:The National Archives
1113:Handling stolen goods
842:Defenses to liability
632:Malfeasance in office
42:
2595:Cybersex trafficking
2357:Censorship violation
1662:2 All ER 528, CA 161
688:Censorship violation
411:Cybersex trafficking
2387:Illegal consumption
2061:Criminal negligence
1868:Ohio Revised Code,
1441:interstate commerce
1395:Republic of Ireland
1204:Knowledge or belief
866:Defense of property
718:Illegal consumption
254:Criminal negligence
154:Severity of offense
32:Stolen Goods (film)
2590:Child sexual abuse
2555:Wildlife smuggling
2545:Cruelty to animals
2334:Against the public
2165:Negligent homicide
2076:False imprisonment
2031:Against the person
1752:legislation.gov.uk
1692:legislation.gov.uk
1572:2012-03-29 at the
1309:summary conviction
1148:arranges to do so.
1143:, which provides:
787:Wildlife smuggling
777:Cruelty to animals
406:Child sexual abuse
358:Negligent homicide
269:False imprisonment
166:Indictable offense
110:Scope of criminal
52:
2730:
2729:
2713:Wikimedia Commons
2671:Inchoate offenses
2615:Indecent exposure
2106:Human trafficking
2071:Domestic violence
1825:Section 51, Reset
1567:, ss. 355.1–355.4
1381:breaches of trust
1277:Haughton v. Smith
1135:England and Wales
1117:England and Wales
1031:
1030:
431:Indecent exposure
299:Human trafficking
264:Domestic violence
192:Inchoate offenses
27:Category of crime
16:(Redirected from
2760:
2377:Ethnic cleansing
2315:Trespass to land
2212:Arms trafficking
2022:
2017:
2016:
2007:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1907:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1843:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1777:. Archived from
1767:
1761:
1760:
1743:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1631:
1618:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1599:on 17 March 2009
1595:. Archived from
1593:"Theft Act 1968"
1589:
1576:
1561:
1552:
1544:
1518:Fence (criminal)
1343:Northern Ireland
1290:money laundering
1223:heard and seen."
1164:
1160:Haughton v Smith
1129:Larceny Act 1916
1121:Northern Ireland
1023:
1016:
1009:
980:
851:Actual innocence
708:Ethnic cleansing
602:Trespass to land
497:Arms trafficking
61:
54:
43:Officers of the
21:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2753:Property crimes
2733:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2645:Sex trafficking
2571:Sexual offenses
2565:
2564:
2563:
2537:Against animals
2532:
2531:
2530:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2247:False pretenses
2191:
2190:
2189:
2153:Preterintention
2025:
2018:
2011:
2008:
1999:
1953:
1940:
1934:
1904:
1903:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1876:
1874:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1857:
1853:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1806:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1781:on 13 June 2010
1769:
1768:
1764:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1736:, section 32(1)
1732:
1728:
1724:, section 22(2)
1720:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1675:. 28 July 2018.
1671:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1650:
1642:. p. 160.
1633:
1632:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1591:
1590:
1579:
1574:Wayback Machine
1562:
1555:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1528:Sting operation
1514:
1490:criminal intent
1417:
1399:The offence of
1397:
1361:
1345:
1192:This makes the
1156:
1137:
1110:
1104:355 and 355.5)
1051:
1046:
1027:
968:
532:False pretenses
461:Sex trafficking
387:Sexual offenses
346:Preterintention
182:Summary offense
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2697:
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2682:
2677:
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2673:
2667:
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2662:
2657:
2655:Sexual slavery
2652:
2650:Sexual assault
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
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2612:
2607:
2602:
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2372:Hostage-taking
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2002:
2000:
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2015:
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1892:State v. Awad
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1415:United States
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1405:section 17(1)
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1055:Criminal Code
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903:Justification
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284:Home invasion
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234:Assassination
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2695:Solicitation
2630:Prostitution
2620:Masturbation
2451:Lèse-majesté
2440:Against the
2237:Embezzlement
2126:Manslaughter
2111:Intimidation
1949:jurisdiction
1946:
1891:
1886:
1875:, retrieved
1870:
1863:
1854:
1829:, retrieved
1824:
1817:
1805:. Retrieved
1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1779:the original
1772:
1765:
1750:
1741:
1729:
1717:
1705:
1690:
1681:
1667:
1658:
1636:Criminal Law
1635:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1597:the original
1564:
1547:
1542:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1482:
1473:
1462:
1445:
1424:
1418:
1400:
1398:
1385:embezzlement
1368:
1362:
1346:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1317:
1298:
1294:
1286:
1275:
1265:
1258:
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1158:
1153:Stolen goods
1152:
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1112:
1111:
1102:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1052:
1038:
1033:
1032:
928:Self-defense
885:
808:Lèse-majesté
576:
522:Embezzlement
446:Prostitution
436:Masturbation
319:Manslaughter
304:Intimidation
216:Solicitation
89:
82:
67:Criminal law
36:
2600:Fornication
2517:Obstruction
2497:Compounding
2305:Tax evasion
2056:Child abuse
1970:Misdemeanor
1807:18 December
1467:must prove
1437:§ 2315
1337:pawnbrokers
1321:Crown Court
1248:Dishonestly
1216:Boreham, J.
1078:(ss. 355.4)
1072:(ss. 355.2)
923:Provocation
647:Obstruction
627:Compounding
592:Tax evasion
416:Fornication
249:Child abuse
178:Misdemeanor
102:Concurrence
49:flea market
2737:Categories
2708:WikiSource
2690:Incitement
2685:Conspiracy
2560:Bestiality
2512:Misprision
2476:Subversion
2430:War crimes
2425:Usurpation
2352:Corruption
2232:Cybercrime
2116:Kidnapping
2096:Hate crime
2086:Harassment
2066:Defamation
2020:Law portal
1995:Corruption
1985:Indictable
1965:Infraction
1785:27 January
1649:058242352X
1603:27 January
1534:References
1477:U.S. state
1465:government
1383:including
1305:conviction
1301:either way
1263:UKSC 67).
1198:R v Kanwar
1194:actus reus
881:Entrapment
856:Automatism
833:Subversion
792:Bestiality
761:War crimes
756:Usurpation
683:Corruption
642:Misprision
517:Cybercrime
309:Kidnapping
289:Hate crime
279:Harassment
259:Defamation
211:Incitement
206:Conspiracy
172:Infraction
131:Complicity
126:Accomplice
84:Actus reus
2718:Wikiquote
2660:Voyeurism
2640:Pederasty
2625:Obscenity
2466:Secession
2461:Espionage
2420:Terrorism
2382:Smuggling
2320:Vandalism
2300:Smuggling
2242:Extortion
2217:Blackmail
2130:corporate
1936:Types of
1773:R v. Hale
1274:ruled in
1237:suspicion
1167:blackmail
944:Contracts
918:Necessity
823:Secession
818:Espionage
751:Terrorism
713:Smuggling
607:Vandalism
587:Smuggling
527:Extortion
502:Blackmail
476:Voyeurism
456:Pederasty
441:Obscenity
323:corporate
146:Vicarious
141:Principal
136:Corporate
121:Accessory
112:liability
97:Causation
2723:Wikinews
2580:Adultery
2550:Poaching
2486:Against
2471:Sedition
2415:Regicide
2367:Genocide
2342:Apostasy
2324:Mischief
2262:Gambling
2227:Burglary
2198:property
2196:Against
2180:Stabbing
2175:Stalking
2158:Homicide
2121:Menacing
2101:Homicide
1877:16 April
1840:citation
1831:16 April
1570:Archived
1550:, s. 354
1512:See also
1365:Scotland
1359:Scotland
1325:R v Hale
1254:mens rea
1212:Cr App R
1208:R v Hall
1066:(s. 354)
959:Property
954:Evidence
949:Defenses
898:Insanity
828:Sedition
782:Poaching
746:Regicide
698:Genocide
673:Apostasy
611:Mischief
547:Gambling
512:Burglary
396:Adultery
373:Stabbing
368:Stalking
351:Homicide
314:Menacing
294:Homicide
91:Mens rea
74:Elements
2680:Attempt
2522:Perjury
2488:justice
2456:Treason
2399:smoking
2395:alcohol
2362:Dueling
2347:Begging
2295:Robbery
2277:Looting
2272:Larceny
2252:Forgery
2222:Bribery
2185:Torture
2170:Robbery
2128: (
2081:Frameup
2051:Battery
2046:Assault
1980:Summary
1958:Classes
1640:Longman
1419:In the
1407:of the
1377:robbery
1351:of the
1241:imputed
1173:Dealing
987:Portals
978:estates
910: (
908:Mistake
893:Infancy
861:Consent
813:Treason
730:smoking
726:alcohol
693:Dueling
678:Begging
652:Perjury
582:Robbery
562:Looting
557:Larceny
537:Forgery
507:Bribery
378:Torture
363:Robbery
321: (
274:Frameup
244:Battery
239:Assault
201:Attempt
2748:Crimes
2610:Incest
2585:Bigamy
2410:Piracy
2397:, and
2282:Payola
2146:felony
2141:Murder
2136:Mayhem
1990:Hybrid
1975:Felony
1895:,
1646:
1494:felony
1435:
1431:under
1251:: The
1157:as in
1049:Canada
974:trusts
912:of law
876:Duress
741:Piracy
728:, and
567:Payola
426:Incest
401:Bigamy
339:felony
334:Murder
329:Mayhem
162:Felony
2743:Theft
2442:state
2391:drugs
2310:Theft
2257:Fraud
2207:Arson
1938:crime
1427:is a
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