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and president and executive director of the
General Mills Foundation. She remained in these positions from 1988 to 2002. In 2002, she was elected as chairman of the board of trustees of General Mills Foundation, and served in this position for a further year, retiring completely from General Mills in
327:
and the
Executive Leadership Council in Washington, D.C. She has a particularly strong interest in education, and has stated: "I realized early in life that education is our best enabling resource, that technical skills are important, and that my stamina for championing educational opportunity for
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Basically, two main experimental techniques are employed to obtain the heats of combustion, bomb calorimetry (combustion process at constant volume), and flame or flow calorimetry (combustion process at constant pressure). Flame calorimetry is more applicable to the combustion of gaseous or highly
398:
Armstrong, G. T., and King, R. C. (1969). The heats of formation of some fluorine-containing oxidizers, Proc. Conf. Interagency
Chemical Rocket Propulsion Group, Thermochemistry Working Group, Cleveland OH, April 9–11, 1969, 7th Meeting, Bulletin 1, pp. 19–40. (Chemical Propulsion Information
150:
Reatha Clark began elementary school in a one-room school for grades 1–7, at Mt. Zion
Baptist, a colored church, where she was taught by Florence Frazier. Later, she attended school in Coolidge, Georgia, and high school in Moultrie, Georgia. When she graduated from Moultrie High School for
1252:
164:, where she initially enrolled as a home economics major. She was encouraged to become a research chemist by the head of the chemistry department there, Alfred Spriggs. King earned a bachelor of science degree in chemistry and mathematics from Clark College.
387:
King, R. C., and
Armstrong, G. T. (May 1967) Interagency Chemical Rocket Propellant Group, Thermochemistry Working Croup, Bulletin of the Fifth Meeting March 15–17, 1967, Vol. 1., Chemical Propulsion Information Agency. Publications CPIA 146, pp
252:, where she worked from 1977 to 1988. She helped to substantially expand the university, and promoted involvement of minorities and women in higher education. Her husband joined the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company (
218:, King was the first African American female chemist to work at the agency. She used techniques for both bomb and flame calorimetry. Much of her work there involved measuring the accurate heats of formation of gaseous
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241:. There she served as professor of chemistry, 1968–1977, associate dean for Division of Natural Science & Mathematics, 1970-1974, and associate dean for academic affairs, 1974–1977.
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2003. Under her leadership the
General Mills Foundation, originally established in 1954, has been active both locally and nationally in philanthropic and community service.
378:
Chapter 8: Fluorine Flame
Calorimetry. II. The heats of reaction of oxygen difluoride, fluorine and oxygen, with hydrogen. The heat of formation of oxygen difluoride.
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395:." Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards (A. Physics and Chemistry), 72A (2), pp. 113–131. Received Meritorious Publication Award, 1969.
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space program. Her two children were born during this time. Techniques and mechanisms that she developed for flame fluorine calorimetry are still used.
128:; and the former president, executive director, and chairman of the board of trustees of the General Mills Foundation, the philanthropic foundation of
238:
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compounds, and she received a
Meritorious Publication Award for her paper on fluoride flame calorimetry. This research was important to the
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Jessup and
Armstrong and their colleagues developed the method of fluorine flame calorimetry to a high degree of accuracy and precision.
697:
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674:
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Mark
Ockerbloom, Mary (2019). "Reatha Clark King, Starting Fires with Fluorine". In Lykknes, Annette; Van Tiggelen, Brigitte (eds.).
867:
570:
423:
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296:, and served until her resignation in 1997. She has also served with nonprofits, such as the International Trachoma Initiative,
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In 1988, King was recruited by General Mills in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to serve in two roles. She became vice president of the
799:
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NBS Report 9500: Preliminary report on the thermodynamic properties of selected light-element and some related compounds
211:
1005:
Grass roots and glass ceilings : African American administrators in predominantly white colleges and universities
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439:
Grass roots and glass ceilings : African American administrators in predominantly white colleges and universities
153:
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Reatha Clark King, Transcript of an Interview Conducted by Jeannette E. Brown at Minneapolis, Minnesota on 1 May 2005
245:
1001:"Succeeding Against the Odds in Higher Education: Advancing Society by Overcoming Obstacles Due to Race and Gender"
487:
Defender of Democracy Award from the Washington, D.C. Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial Project Foundation.
435:"Succeeding Against the Odds in Higher Education: Advancing Society by Overcoming Obstacles Due to Race and Gender"
406:". Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards (A. Physics and Chemistry), 74A (6), pp. 769–779.
638:
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Louis W. Hill, Jr. Fellow in Philanthropy at the Hubert H. Humphrey Center of the University of Minnesota, 2004.
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362:. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards (A. Physics and Chemistry), 68A(6), pp. 661–668.
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175:, from which she obtained a master of science degree in chemistry in 1960. She went on to study with advisor
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International Citizen Award, 2013, from the International Leadership Institute (ILI), Minneapolis, MN.
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Constant Pressure Flame Calorimetry With Fluorine II. The Heat of Formation of Oxygen Difluoride
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King, R.C; Kleppa, O.J (January 1964). "A thermochemical study of some selected laves phases".
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Agency. Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory, Silver Spring. Md.. Aug. 1969).
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volatile substances, whereas bomb calorimetry is more suited to studying liquids and solids.
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Domalski, Eugene S. (November 1971). "Evaluating Experimental Data on Heats of Combustion".
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Fluorine Flame Calorimetry. III. The Heat of Formation of Chlorine Trifluoride at 298.15 K
180:
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in 1963. The title of her Ph.D. thesis was "Contributions to the thermochemistry of the
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Members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation for National and Community Service
157:
determined segregated schools were illegal, Clark was the valedictorian of her class.
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Director of the Year from the National Association of Corporate Directors, 2004.
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King and her family moved to New York when her husband accepted a position at
895:
Women in Their Element: Selected Women's Contributions To The Periodic System
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King has served on the boards of a number of other corporations, including
147:, and her mother, Ola Mae Watts Campbell, had only a third-grade education.
210:
King was employed for five years (1963–1968) as a research chemist for the
17:
219:
838:
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Reatha Clark King later earned a master's in business administration in
195:
121:
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King has received honorary degrees and many other awards, including:
143:, United States on April 11, 1938. Her father, Willie B. Clark, was a
1139:
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Molecular Energetics : Condensed-Phase Thermochemical Techniques
856:
Simões, José A. Martinho; Piedade, Manuel Minas da (July 10, 2008).
484:
Exceptional Black Scientist Award from CIBA-GEIGY Corporation, 1984.
1007:. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. pp. 1–38.
520:(Rev. ed.). New York: Facts On File, Inc. pp. 156–157.
441:. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. pp. 1–38.
657:"Reatha Clark King: Chemistry of the Halogen Compounds (1938- )"
223:
662:
To fathom more : African American scientists and inventors
481:
magazine's Top 50 Black Executives in Corporate America, 1992.
191:." While in Chicago she also met and married N. Judge King.
360:
Heat of combustion and heat of formation of aluminum carbide
253:
953:"Equality through education and giving, Reatha Clark King"
167:
Spriggs encouraged her to apply for a fellowship from the
1114:"Reatha Clark King, PhD: International Citizen Award"
800:"Reatha Clark King—2004-05 Louis W. Hill, Jr. Fellow"
698:"Equality through education and giving, Reatha Clark"
665:. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America. pp.
493:
sorority, Minneapolis-St. Paul Alumnae Chapter, 1979.
369:. Technical News Bulletin, 49(2), pp. 26–27. (
105:
97:
76:
48:
32:
1144:New York Public Library Archives & Manuscripts
391:King, Reatha C., and Armstrong, George T. (1968) "
1223:York College, City University of New York faculty
928:"NACD Board Names Dr. Reatha Clark King Chairman"
410:Armstrong, George T.; King, Reatha Clark (1979).
380:In National Bureau of Standards (1 January 1967)
292:to be a member of the Board of Directors of the
862:. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 120–.
465:The Governor's Civil Rights Legend Award, 2019.
561:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp.
294:Corporation for National and Community Service
237:. King obtained an assistant professorship at
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169:Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation
8:
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414:. In Sunner, Stig; Mansson, Margret (eds.).
1036:"Bios: Reatha Clark King, Woman of Science"
978:"Reatha Clark King Ph.D. Executive Profile"
932:National Association of Corporate Directors
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546:
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306:National Association of Corporate Directors
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402:King, R. C., and Armstrong, G. T. (1970) "
384:. U.S. Air Force Order No. OAR ISSA 65-8.
288:. In 1994, she was appointed by President
40:
29:
1140:"Exceptional black scientists collection"
650:
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365:King, R. C. and Armstrong, G. T. (1965).
358:King, R. C. and Armstrong, G. T. (1964).
239:York College, City University of New York
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412:"Chapter 15: Fluorine Flame Calorimetry"
151:Negro Youth in 1954, the same year that
1063:"Photos: Minnesotans celebrate MLK Day"
503:
1243:21st-century American women scientists
418:. Oxford: Pergamon. pp. 333–359.
284:; Minnesota Mutual Companies; and the
1061:Nguyen, Christine (22 January 2019).
367:Heat of formation of aluminum carbide
310:Congressional Black Caucus Foundation
120:(born April 11, 1938) is an American
7:
1233:20th-century African-American people
999:King, Reatha Clark (April 1, 1999).
433:King, Reatha Clark (April 1, 1999).
248:, Minnesota, to become president of
1238:20th-century African-American women
1228:21st-century African-American women
1089:"2013 International Citizen Awards"
802:. Grotto Foundation. Archived from
514:A to Z of women in science and math
376:King, R. C., and Armstrong, G. T.,
124:, the former vice president of the
27:American chemist and businessperson
1248:Chemists from Georgia (U.S. state)
628:Brown, Jeannette E. (1 May 2005).
25:
827:Journal of Chemical Documentation
315:She has served as a trustee with
1167:. NNDB Tracking the entire world
319:, and is a Life Trustee for the
179:, receiving her Ph.D. degree in
1087:Bolsta, Phil (April 19, 2013).
1003:. In Harvey, William B. (ed.).
763:. The HistoryMakers. 2012-01-16
655:Jenkins, Edward Sidney (1996).
557:African American women chemists
437:. In Harvey, William B. (ed.).
139:Reatha Belle Clark was born in
1208:21st-century American chemists
897:. Singapore: World Scientific.
328:all people is inexhaustible."
206:Scientific and academic career
160:Clark was recruited to attend
1:
325:American Council on Education
250:Metropolitan State University
214:in Washington, D.C. Hired by
639:Chemical Heritage Foundation
553:Brown, Jeannette E. (2012).
352:10.1016/0001-6160(64)90056-2
212:National Bureau of Standards
700:. African American Registry
154:Brown v. Board of Education
1269:
1040:Paving the Path Before You
909:"Newsmakers for July 2002"
728:Chemical Heritage Magazine
323:. She is a member of the
1213:African-American chemists
957:African American Registry
926:Daly, Ken (23 May 2013).
724:"For the Love of the Lab"
593:Science History Institute
586:Center for Oral History.
278:Wells Fargo & Company
266:General Mills Corporation
256:) as a research chemist.
126:General Mills Corporation
101:chemist and businesswoman
39:
980:. Bloomberg BusinessWeek
317:Clark Atlanta University
231:Nassau Community College
162:Clark College in Atlanta
135:Early life and education
1218:American women chemists
1203:American businesspeople
118:Reatha Belle Clark King
722:Tuttle, Kelly (2012).
416:Combustion calorimetry
302:Council on Foundations
246:Minneapolis–Saint Paul
321:University of Chicago
235:Garden City, New York
202:while on sabbatical.
185:University of Chicago
173:University of Chicago
89:University of Chicago
1118:Twin Cities Business
1093:Twin Cities Business
806:on December 16, 2014
637:. Philadelphia, PA:
511:Yount, Lisa (2008).
286:H. B. Fuller Company
1165:"Reatha Clark King"
839:10.1021/c160043a014
761:"Reatha Clark King"
588:"Reatha Clark King"
373:on cover of issue.)
216:George T. Armstrong
200:Columbia University
130:General Mills, Inc.
110:General Mills, Inc.
53:Reatha Belle Clark
491:Delta Sigma Theta
457:Awards and honors
340:Acta Metallurgica
115:
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34:Reatha Clark King
16:(Redirected from
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65:(age 86)
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346:(1): 87–97.
343:
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332:Publications
314:
290:Bill Clinton
271:
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189:Laves phases
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145:sharecropper
138:
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1193:1938 births
1149:16 December
1098:16 December
1020:13 November
984:16 December
913:Youth Today
875:18 November
18:Reatha King
1187:Categories
1072:25 January
1042:. Pathways
962:24 October
738:6 December
533:24 October
498:References
308:, and the
274:ExxonMobil
59:1938-04-11
183:from the
1067:MPR News
220:fluorine
106:Employer
734:(2): 38
667:342–368
477:One of
196:finance
122:chemist
1171:13 May
1124:13 May
1046:13 May
1011:
937:13 May
866:
810:13 May
767:13 May
704:13 May
673:
569:
565:–123.
524:
445:
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388:69–96.
304:, the
300:, the
635:(PDF)
518:(PDF)
479:Ebony
371:Photo
1173:2014
1151:2014
1126:2014
1100:2014
1074:2019
1048:2014
1022:2018
1009:ISBN
986:2014
964:2018
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