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the suction cup like structures on their webbed feet, and the female must hold on to the leaf while males compete and wrestle nearby. The winning male and female will then participate in amplexus, where the male will grasp a female by the waist from behind. The female will lay eggs on the underside of the leaf as the male fertilizes them. The eggs typically hatch within 6 to 7 days if left undisturbed. This process occurs above or very close to a body of water, because tadpoles which hatch from the eggs will drop into water from the leaf. Eggs will hatch early if their survival is threatened, in a process called phenotypic plasticity. The female chooses a leaf above a pond or large puddle on which to lay her
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predators are close enough to produce detectable vibration, the embryos assess disturbance. After a few seconds, embryos vigorously hatch out into tadpoles and spread out to escape. Since eggs are usually laid above ponds, the response improves survival because tadpoles often fall into water on hatching. Hatching direction also has implications on embryo survival. Embryos often hatch and fall into the water, but hatching direction may also be influenced by light. A study found that A. callidryas embryos hatch towards light, suggesting they use light and dark as directional cues to determine hatching direction.
476:) when a change in the environment signals a danger to their survival. Dragonflies, fish, and water beetles prey on the tadpoles. The tadpoles remain in the water from three weeks to several months, until they metamorphose into frogs. The time of metamorphosis depends on duration of larval stage, which varies depending on environment. After metamorphosis, the color of tadpoles' torsos changes from green to brown, and their eyes, which are initially yellow, turn into deep red without much side patterning. These changes mark maturity. The lifespan of red-eyed tree frogs is about five years.
435:, and their fellow tadpoles. After metamorphosis, froglets begin consuming small insects like fruit flies and pinhead crickets. A study on carotenoids consumption has shown they play an important role in development, phenotype, and fecundity. There is a critical window after metamorphosis where carotenoids improve female growth rate and fecundity, and lead to a redder skin in both sexes. Carotenoids are important nutrients for wild red-eyed tree frogs and especially for captive red-eyed tree frogs, who sometimes suffer skin pigmentation degradation due to an inadequate diet.
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patterns, meaning that male frogs from nearby areas are selected for in mating. Call and stripe patterns are considered simultaneously by females in this situation. Size plays a role in mate choice for red-eyed tree frogs as well. Often larger males are more successful in amplexus compared to smaller males. However, size-assortative mating also plays a role and larger females are more likely to pair with proportionally large males and vice versa for small females and males. This is so the male can successfully fertilize the female's eggs during amplexus.
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purple. Red-eyed tree frogs blend in easily with the vegetation of tropical rainforests due to them being green color. There are several hypotheses for the reason behind the existence of these color morphs. One strong hypothesis is that the existence of orange and purple morphs in Costa Rica are caused by isolation by distance, because the orange and purple morphs were not genetically distinct groups. It is possible that color patterns have been affected by different selective pressures, and that the existence of some morphs are due to genetic drift.
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stripes along their sides. Their feet are bright orange and have suction cups which help them adhere to the bottom of leaves where they spend most of their time. Their skin is smooth with little to no bumps, another feature which helps the frog blend into their leafy surroundings. Additionally, they have a gland that secretes mucus on the outermost layer of their skin to resist water loss and offer some defense against infections. An impressive feature is their bright red colored eyes with vertical slits. They do not have a true eyelid, but rather a
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291:. It is one of the most recognizable frogs. It is native to forests from Central America to north-western South America. This species is known for its bright coloration, namely its vibrant green body with blue and yellow stripes on the side. It has a white underside, brightly red and orange colored feet, and is named after its distinctive bright red eyes. One particular and special feature of the frogs coloration is its exceptional high reflectance in the near-infrared.
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red-eyed tree frog is not poisonous. Its bright coloration can thus be more attributed to camouflage amongst the greenery of the surrounding jungle, as well as the “startle reflex,” which it can use to dissuade predators. During the day, the frog uses its green back to camouflage amongst the leaves, this camouflage being its only defense. If disturbed, the frog flashes its bright red eyes, which may startle predators and allow the frog to escape.
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strategy is multifaceted and a specific combination of vibrational pulse duration and inter-pulse intervals is needed in order for embryos to exhibit this response. This combination of pulse duration and inter-pulse intervals is thought to be specific to the embryo predators, thus ensuring the response only occurs when absolutely necessary to ensure survival.
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Red-eyed tree frogs' embryos exhibit phenotypic plasticity, hatching early in response to disturbance to protect themselves. Though embryos are bred synchronously, they normally hatch after 6 to 10 days from oviposition without disturbance. However, a simultaneously early hatching in entire clutches
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is an easily recognizable species due to its colorful appearance. In terms of size, males reach about 2 inches while females grow to 3 inches and are the larger of the two. Adult individuals are distinctively colored, with bright green bodies, light blue or cream colored bellies, and blue and yellow
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During the mating season, the male frogs shake the branches where they are sitting to improve their chances of finding a mate by keeping rivals at bay. This is the first evidence that tree-dwelling vertebrates use vibration to communicate. When rainfall is at its highest, a male red-eyed tree frog
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Red-eyed tree frogs mate seasonally, specifically in the rainy season during the months of
October to March. Males attract females by croaking and wrestle with each other in male-male competition in order to gain access to females for reproduction. Females latch on to the underside of a leaf using
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Predators are the major cause of this response. Since these frogs usually lay eggs on both the upper and the undersides of leaves above ponds, clutches need to protect themselves against arboreal, aerial and aquatic predators, such as snakes, dragonflies, fish, monkeys, and pathogenic fungi. When
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Though the main coloring of
Agalychnis callidryas is consistent, there are some variations in morphs across the geographical range of the species. Red-eyed tree frogs have variation in the color of their side stripes, which in Costa Rica and Panama specifically includes blue, blue/red, orange and
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embryos may hatch early and fall into the water to escape predation. This response is extremely specific, and mostly occurs only at vibrational patterns associated with predators. These frogs have a distinct temperature requirement and need a body of water to reproduce, and are thus only found in
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Following fertilization, females lay clutches of about 40 eggs, and can lay multiple clutches in a single night. Since the eggs are often adhered to a leaf above water, tadpoles fall into the water below as soon as they hatch. Eggs will usually hatch 6–8 days after they have been laid, with some
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The frog's coloration is representative of “flash coloration.” Flash coloration describes when an organism displays certain colors at rest compared to when in motion. In the red-eyed tree frog's case, the frog's startling red eyes are hidden when its eyes are closed allowing it to blend in with
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Hatching early is an important defense to predators, but is also a risky strategy for embryos because early hatching increases predation risk in water. Therefore, to maximize the benefits of this strategy embryos must only hatch when they are truly at risk by a predator. Studies show that this
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Its natural habitats include inland forests and wetlands, both tropical and mountainous areas where there is forest cover and water nearby. Ponds or bodies of water are essential in its reproduction so they are always found near these areas. The red-eyed tree frog is commonly found in tropical
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Like all the frogs in its genus, they are nocturnal and do most of their hunting for insects at night. The males of this species are smaller than the females, and they display non-random mating patterns which suggest female choice for specific types of male. Despite its bright coloration, the
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As of 2016, the red-eyed tree frog is classified as being of least concern. While the population is decreasing, and inhabits many areas vulnerable to deforestation, the classification of “least concern” stems from its general tolerance to habitat modification, a wide species distribution, and
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Red-eyed tree frogs females are typically choosy about which males they mate with. Females will choose mates based on visual and auditory clues, mainly the male frogs' croaking calls as well as their size and flank stripe. Females are likely to choose males with “local” flank stripes and call
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leaves. When the frog is startled, it can flash its bright red eyes, orange webbed feet, and blue and yellow lateral stripes, which all serve the purpose of startling predators and allowing the frog time to escape. Although the frog is brightly colored, this does not convey toxicity or
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variation depending on geography and risk assessment through vibration. Depending on environmental conditions, the tadpoles will then stay in the water for a few weeks or months. They will change to adult colors following metamorphosis, and live for about five years in the wild.
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calls "chack" to get the attention of the female. Females use the call, as well as color (specifically, the stripped sides) of the male frog, in order to find a possible mate. Both the call and color of the male frog show territorial display, and anti-predatory behavior. During
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of roughly 40 eggs. Since oviposition generally occurs on both sides of a leaf, red-eyed tree frogs may fold the leaf to hide the eggs from predators. They also produce sticky jelly to glue the eggs together; this may protect the eggs from splitting and dehydration.
1433:
Kaiser, Kristine; Boehlke, Chloe; Navarro-PĂ©rez, Edauri; Vega, Andres; Dudgeon, Steven; Robertson, Jeanne M. (December 2018). "Local preference encoded by complex signaling: mechanisms of mate preference in the red-eyed treefrog (Agalychnis callidryas)".
1025:
McCranie, J. R.; Sunyer, J.; MartĂnez-Fonseca, J. G. (November 2019). "Comments and updates to "GuĂa
Ilustrada de Anfibios y Reptiles de Nicaragua" along with taxonomic and related suggestions associated with the herpetofauna of Nicaragua".
493:, the female carries the male on her back for several hours during the oviposition process. Because of external egg fertilization, there is still risk of competition even after a female has selected a mate. There is not sperm priority in
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is triggered when embryos are exposed to their predators or threatening environmental changes such as rainstorm and flood. Early hatching has also been linked with egg dehydration, hatching earlier in dry egg clutches than in wet ones.
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presumably large captive population. The red-eyed tree frog's husbandry, care, and breeding knowledge have been greatly improved upon in the 21st century. However, as with all frogs and toads, the species still faces challenges from
623:
Pinto, Francisco; Mielewczik, Michael; Liebisch, Frank; Walter, Achim; Greven, Hartmut; Rascher, Uwe (2013), "Non-Invasive
Measurement of Frog Skin Reflectivity in High Spatial Resolution Using a Dual Hyperspectral Approach.",
1192:
536:, logging, and residential development. Wild tadpoles have experienced die-offs due to ranavirus, and subpopulations in Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama are threatened by capture for the international pet trade.
1813:
Jung, Julie; Guo, Ming; Crovella, Mark E.; McDaniel, J. Gregory; Warkentin, Karen M. (6 June 2022). "Frog embryos use multiple levels of temporal pattern in risk assessment for vibration-cued escape hatching".
1976:
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Red-eyed tree frog embryos use natural day and night light cycles as a signal for when to hatch, and tend to hatch just after nightfall. Red-eyed tree frog eggs may hatch early (exhibiting
431:, eating crickets, moths, grasshoppers, flies, mosquitoes, and other insects. Occasionally, they also eat smaller amphibians. Tadpoles eat plants, algae, plankton, bacteria,
2257:
980:"A new red-eyed treefrog of Agalychnis (Anura: Hylidae: Phyllomedusinae) from middle Magdalena River valley of Colombia with comments on its phylogenetic position"
374:
has a claw shaped terminal phalanx. Other synapomorphies of this genus include the presence of a red hue on the iris and a golden reticulated palpebral membrane.
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is an arboreal frog with long limbs and webbed toes. They mate and reproduce near ponds, and are therefore found in lowland wet areas found in tropical forests.
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rainforests in the previously listed countries. The frog is primarily arboreal, and prefers hiding in canopy cover amongst leaves.
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1563:"Local preference encoded by complex signaling: mechanisms of mate preference in the red-eyed treefrog (Agalychnis callidryas)"
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728:
Jacobs, Leah E (2016). "Patterns and
Mechanisms of Population Diversification in Red-eyed Treefrogs (Agalychnis callidryas".
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2028:"Agalychnis callidryas: IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T55290A3028059"
1042:"Agalychnis callidryas: IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T55290A3028059"
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Kaiser, Kristine; Boehlke, Chloe; Navarro-PĂ©rez, Edauri; Vega, Andres; Dudgeon, Steven; Robertson, Jeanne M. (2018-11-12).
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Clark, Meaghan I.; Bradburd, Gideon S.; Akopyan, Maria; Vega, Andres; Rosenblum, Erica Bree; Robertson, Jeanne M. (2022).
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1878:"The development of behavioral defenses: a mechanistic analysis of vulnerability in red-eyed treefrog hatchlings"
1766:"Temporal pattern cues in vibrational risk assessment by embryos of the red-eyed treefrog, Agalychnis callidryas"
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1469:
Briggs, Venetia S. (May 2008). "Mating
Patterns of Red-Eyed Treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas and A. moreletii".
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921:"Impact of plant cover on fitness and behavioral traits of captive red-eyed tree frogs (Agalychnis callidryas)"
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Rivera-Correa, Mauricio; Duarte-Cubides, Felipe; Rueda-Almonacid, José Vicente; Daza, Juan M. (2013-04-03).
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Along with its visual appearance, phenotypic plasticity in hatching is another interesting feature of
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Caldwell, Michael S.; Johnston, Gregory R.; McDaniel, J. Gregory; Warkentin, Karen M. (2010).
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A mass mating event of Red Eyed Green Frogs at La Selva
Biological Field Station, Costa Rica
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1707:"Egg clutch dehydration induces early hatching in red-eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas"
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1212:"Egg clutch dehydration induces early hatching in red-eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas"
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that allows light to enter the eye so that they will awaken when predators are approaching.
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850:"Genetic isolation by distance underlies colour pattern divergence in red-eyed treefrogs (
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1926:"When and where to hatch? Red-eyed treefrog embryos use light cues in two contexts"
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1338:"When and where to hatch? Red-eyed treefrog embryos use light cues in two contexts"
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17:
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Warkentin, Karen M.; Caldwell, Michael S.; McDaniel, J. Gregory (15 April 2006).
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1506:"Vibrational Signaling in the Agonistic Interactions of Red-Eyed Treefrogs"
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1610:"Multiple paternity in the red-eyed treefrog Agalychnis callidryas (Cope)"
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Michaels, Christopher J; Antwis, Rachael E.; Preziosi, Richard F. (2014).
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and so a single clutch of eggs may have been fertilized by multiple males
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139:
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1705:
Salica, MarĂa JosĂ©; Vonesh, James R.; Warkentin, Karen M. (2017-07-14).
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Fields, Helen. (2013 January). The frog that roared. Smithsonian, 54–61.
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Salica, Maria Jose; Vonesh, James R.; Warkentin, karen M. (2017).
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308:. If faced with the vibrational cues associated with predators,
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1674:
Herpetology: An
Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles
352:
Image of the nictitating membrane seen in red-eyed tree frogs
313:
humid lowlands and rainforests of South and
Central America.
1924:
GĂĽell, Brandon A.; Warkentin, Karen M. (3 December 2018).
2003:"Red Eyed Tree Frog Care (Habitat, Diet, and Care Guide)"
1671:
Caldwell, Janalee P.; Vitt, Laurie J. (Mar 25, 2013).
711:"Red-eyed tree frog | San Francisco Zoo & Gardens"
2071:
1336:
GĂĽell, Brandon A.; Warkentin, Karen M. (2018-12-03).
1169:
1167:
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2103:
1977:"The care and maintenance of the Red Eye Tree Frog"
745:"Teacup-sized frog masquerades as Smaug the dragon"
1859:"Agalychnis callidryas (Rana-de árbol ojos rojos)"
1104:"Agalychnis callidryas (Rana-de árbol ojos rojos)"
1074:"Agalychnis callidryas, Rana-de árbol ojos rojos"
385:is native to Central America, from northeastern
2076:Red Eyed Tree Frog Care at RedEyedTreeFrog.org
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
412:require high humidity levels of at least 80%.
2037:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T55290A3028059.en
1155:Retrieved July 31, 2018, Updated Sep 17, 2020
1051:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T55290A3028059.en
730:Diss. California State University, Northridge
577:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T55290A3028059.en
8:
552:IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020).
705:
703:
345:like it may in related tree frog species.
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824:"Red-Eyed Tree Frog | National Geographic"
64:
40:
31:
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1951:
1941:
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1411:. Smithsonian Institution. Archived from
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944:
895:
877:
790:Edmunds, Malcolm (2005). "Flash Colors".
665:
655:
645:
575:
1153:Rainforest Alliance web site "Tree frog"
427:Adult red-eyed tree frogs are primarily
287:, is a species of frog in the subfamily
1608:D'orgeix, C. A.; Turner, B. J. (1995).
1097:
1095:
544:
1319:"AmphibiaWeb - Agalychnis callidryas"
1307:. University of California, Berkeley.
1028:Revista Nicaraguense de Biodiversidad
7:
1876:Warkentin, Karen M. (Oct 12, 1998).
1275:"Facts About the Red-Eyed Tree Frog"
1102:Manjunath, Amit (12 November 2015).
2441:IUCN Red List least concern species
1567:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
1436:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
830:. 10 September 2010. Archived from
563:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1634:10.1111/j.1365-294X.1995.tb00245.x
400:A red-eyed tree frog in Costa Rica
25:
2496:Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
1405:"Agalychnis callidryas Cope 1862"
2066:Honolulu Zoo: Red-eyed Tree Frog
1975:Halter, Josh (16 October 2018).
1491:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2008.01490.x
447:Red-eyed tree frogs in axillary
106:
2001:England, Jeff (31 March 2022).
1770:Journal of Experimental Biology
1677:. Academic Press. p. 342.
1130:The Encyclopedia of Amphibians
1:
2086:Red-Eyed Tree Frog Care Guide
769:10.1016/S0262-4079(14)60231-1
743:Beall, Abigail (2014-02-01).
2451:Amphibians described in 1862
946:10.1371/journal.pone.0095207
647:10.1371/journal.pone.0073234
357:Distribution of color morphs
1132:. Adfo Books. p. 173.
1128:Hofrichter, Robert (2000).
439:Reproduction and life cycle
370:As a species of tree frog,
2512:
1828:10.1007/s10071-022-01634-4
800:10.1007/0-306-48380-7_1639
792:Encyclopedia of Entomology
507:
1579:10.1007/s00265-018-2597-0
1531:10.1016/j.cub.2010.03.069
1448:10.1007/s00265-018-2597-0
996:10.11646/zootaxa.3636.1.4
879:10.1101/2021.05.21.445051
696:. University of Michigan.
234:
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103:Scientific classification
101:
84:
62:
53:
48:
39:
34:
2466:Amphibians of Costa Rica
2061:Red-Eyed Tree Frog Facts
1193:"The Red-Eyed Tree Frog"
1080:. University of Michigan
378:Distribution and habitat
325:A specimen in Costa Rica
279:, commonly known as the
2486:Amphibians of Nicaragua
2471:Amphibians of Guatemala
1895:10.1093/beheco/10.3.251
1301:"Agalychnis callidryas"
254:Phyllomedusa callidryas
2476:Amphibians of Honduras
2461:Amphibians of Colombia
2007:www.ReptileAdvisor.com
495:Agalychnis callidryas,
451:
401:
353:
326:
2175:Agalychnis-callidryas
2149:Agalychnis_callidryas
2135:Agalychnis callidryas
2105:Agalychnis callidryas
852:Agalychnis callidryas
556:Agalychnis callidryas
510:Phenotypic plasticity
504:Phenotypic plasticity
474:phenotypic plasticity
446:
418:Behaviour and ecology
399:
383:Agalychnis callidryas
372:Agalychnis callidryas
351:
330:Agalychnis callidryas
324:
295:Agalychnis callidryas
276:Agalychnis callidryas
212:Agalychnis callidryas
2491:Amphibians of Panama
2481:Amphibians of Mexico
2456:Amphibians of Belize
1863:Animal Diversity Web
1409:Amphibians of Panama
1175:"Red Eyed Tree Frog"
1108:Animal Diversity Web
1078:Animal Diversity Web
694:Animal Diversity Web
599:"Appendices | CITES"
570:: e.T55290A3028059.
335:nictitating membrane
262:Phyllomedusa helenae
27:Species of amphibian
1626:1995MolEc...4..505D
1522:2010CBio...20.1012C
1483:2008Ethol.114..489B
1299:Whittaker, Kellie.
937:2014PLoSO...995207M
870:2022MolEc..31.1666C
761:2014NewSc.221...26B
638:2013PLoSO...873234P
56:Conservation status
35:Red-eyed tree frog
1981:www.TheBioDude.com
1943:10.7717/peerj.6018
1882:Behavioral Ecology
1724:10.7717/peerj.3549
1355:10.7717/peerj.6018
1229:10.7717/peerj.3549
657:20.500.11850/76533
452:
402:
354:
327:
285:red-eyed leaf frog
281:red-eyed tree frog
238:Agalychnis helenae
194:A. callidryas
18:Red-eyed Tree Frog
2428:
2427:
2323:Open Tree of Life
2097:Taxon identifiers
1857:Manjunath, Amit.
1783:10.1242/jeb.02150
1684:978-0-12-386919-7
1614:Molecular Ecology
1516:(11): 1012–1017.
1072:Boman, Bonnie L.
888:10.1111/mec.16350
858:Molecular Ecology
834:on June 26, 2021.
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2137:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2092:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2039:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2013:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1972:
1966:
1965:
1955:
1945:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1897:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1822:(6): 1527–1544.
1816:Animal Cognition
1810:
1804:
1803:
1785:
1776:(8): 1376–1384.
1761:
1755:
1754:
1744:
1726:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1533:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1375:
1357:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1296:
1283:
1282:
1271:
1262:
1261:
1251:
1241:
1231:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1171:
1162:
1156:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1099:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1022:
1016:
1015:
975:
969:
968:
957:
951:
950:
948:
916:
910:
909:
899:
881:
864:(6): 1666–1681.
845:
836:
835:
820:
814:
813:
787:
781:
780:
740:
734:
733:
725:
719:
718:
707:
698:
697:
685:
679:
678:
669:
659:
649:
620:
614:
613:
611:
609:
595:
589:
588:
586:
584:
579:
549:
264:
256:
248:
240:
214:
111:
110:
90:
73:
68:
67:
44:
32:
21:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2431:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2416:
2411:
2403:
2398:
2390:
2385:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2363:Hyla callidryas
2357:
2349:
2347:
2339:
2334:
2326:
2321:
2313:
2310:Observation.org
2308:
2300:
2295:
2287:
2282:
2274:
2269:
2261:
2256:
2248:
2243:
2235:
2230:
2222:
2217:
2209:
2204:
2196:
2191:
2183:
2181:
2173:
2168:
2160:
2155:
2147:
2142:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2099:
2057:
2052:
2042:
2040:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1510:Current Biology
1503:
1502:
1498:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1418:
1416:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1323:amphibiaweb.org
1317:
1316:
1312:
1298:
1297:
1286:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1173:
1172:
1165:
1159:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1101:
1100:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1056:
1054:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1024:
1023:
1019:
977:
976:
972:
959:
958:
954:
918:
917:
913:
847:
846:
839:
822:
821:
817:
810:
789:
788:
784:
755:(2954): 26–27.
742:
741:
737:
727:
726:
722:
709:
708:
701:
687:
686:
682:
622:
621:
617:
607:
605:
597:
596:
592:
582:
580:
551:
550:
546:
542:
529:
512:
506:
482:
466:
441:
425:
420:
380:
368:
359:
319:
289:Phyllomedusinae
246:Hyla callidryas
223:
216:
210:
197:
105:
97:
80:
69:
65:
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2509:
2507:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2433:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2409:
2396:
2383:
2367:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2345:
2332:
2319:
2306:
2293:
2280:
2267:
2254:
2241:
2228:
2215:
2202:
2189:
2179:
2166:
2153:
2140:
2125:
2109:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2056:
2055:External links
2053:
2051:
2050:
2019:
1993:
1967:
1916:
1888:(3): 251–262.
1868:
1849:
1805:
1756:
1697:
1683:
1663:
1620:(4): 505–508.
1600:
1553:
1496:
1477:(5): 489–498.
1461:
1425:
1396:
1387:
1328:
1310:
1284:
1263:
1202:
1184:
1163:
1157:
1145:
1138:
1120:
1091:
1064:
1033:
1017:
970:
952:
911:
837:
815:
808:
782:
735:
720:
699:
688:Dresen, Josh.
680:
615:
590:
543:
541:
538:
534:chytrid fungus
528:
525:
508:Main article:
505:
502:
481:
478:
465:
462:
440:
437:
424:
421:
419:
416:
379:
376:
367:
366:Synapomorphies
364:
358:
355:
318:
315:
270:
269:
268:
267:
259:
251:
243:
232:
231:
225:
224:
217:
206:
205:
199:
198:
191:
189:
185:
184:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
99:
98:
85:
82:
81:
63:
60:
59:
54:
51:
50:
49:In Costa Rica
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2508:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2352:
2346:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2038:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1994:
1982:
1978:
1971:
1968:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1917:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1853:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1809:
1806:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1698:
1686:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1667:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1604:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1429:
1426:
1415:on 2015-05-18
1414:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1206:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1146:
1141:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1121:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1065:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1029:
1021:
1018:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
990:(1): 85–100.
989:
985:
981:
974:
971:
966:
962:
956:
953:
947:
942:
938:
934:
931:(4): e95207.
930:
926:
922:
915:
912:
907:
903:
898:
893:
889:
885:
880:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
853:
844:
842:
838:
833:
829:
825:
819:
816:
811:
809:0-7923-8670-1
805:
801:
797:
793:
786:
783:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
749:New Scientist
746:
739:
736:
731:
724:
721:
716:
715:www.sfzoo.org
712:
706:
704:
700:
695:
691:
684:
681:
677:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
639:
635:
632:(9): e73234,
631:
627:
619:
616:
604:
600:
594:
591:
578:
573:
569:
565:
564:
559:
557:
548:
545:
539:
537:
535:
526:
524:
520:
516:
511:
503:
501:
500:
496:
492:
486:
479:
477:
475:
470:
463:
461:
458:
450:
445:
438:
436:
434:
430:
422:
417:
415:
414:
411:
408:
398:
394:
392:
388:
384:
377:
375:
373:
365:
363:
356:
350:
346:
344:
338:
336:
331:
323:
316:
314:
311:
310:A. callidryas
307:
306:A. callidryas
302:
298:
296:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
277:
263:
260:
255:
252:
247:
244:
239:
236:
235:
233:
230:
226:
221:
215:
213:
207:
204:
203:Binomial name
200:
196:
195:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
109:
104:
100:
94:
88:
83:
77:
72:
71:Least Concern
61:
57:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2362:
2104:
2041:. Retrieved
2022:
2010:. Retrieved
2006:
1996:
1984:. Retrieved
1980:
1970:
1933:
1929:
1919:
1907:. Retrieved
1885:
1881:
1871:
1862:
1852:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1773:
1769:
1759:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1673:
1666:
1617:
1613:
1603:
1570:
1566:
1556:
1513:
1509:
1499:
1474:
1470:
1464:
1439:
1435:
1428:
1417:. Retrieved
1413:the original
1408:
1399:
1390:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1278:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1196:
1187:
1178:
1160:
1148:
1129:
1123:
1111:. Retrieved
1107:
1082:. Retrieved
1077:
1067:
1055:. Retrieved
1036:
1027:
1020:
987:
983:
973:
964:
955:
928:
924:
914:
861:
857:
851:
832:the original
827:
818:
791:
785:
752:
748:
738:
729:
723:
714:
693:
690:"Agalychnis"
683:
629:
625:
618:
606:. Retrieved
602:
593:
581:. Retrieved
567:
561:
555:
547:
530:
527:Conservation
521:
517:
513:
498:
494:
487:
483:
471:
467:
453:
426:
413:
409:
406:
403:
389:to northern
382:
381:
371:
369:
360:
339:
329:
328:
309:
305:
303:
299:
294:
293:
284:
280:
275:
274:
273:
265:(Cope, 1885)
261:
257:(Cope, 1862)
253:
245:
237:
211:
209:
193:
192:
180:
29:
2245:iNaturalist
2157:AmphibiaWeb
2129:Wikispecies
1573:(12): 182.
1442:(12): 182.
1305:AmphibiaWeb
1239:11336/45794
583:18 November
343:aposematism
317:Description
89:Appendix II
2446:Agalychnis
2435:Categories
2378:Q109526413
1419:2015-05-09
1179:tolweb.org
1139:1552630730
1030:(52): 8–9.
965:tolweb.org
608:14 January
540:References
464:Life cycle
429:carnivores
410:callidryas
407:Agalychnis
249:Cope, 1862
241:Cope, 1885
181:Agalychnis
1936:: e6018.
1904:1045-2249
1844:249434417
1733:2167-8359
1717:: e3549.
1642:1365-294X
1587:1432-0762
1364:2167-8359
1348:: e6018.
1279:ThoughtCo
1222:: e3549.
1197:Lamar.edu
1113:14 August
1004:1175-5334
961:"Hylidae"
777:0262-4079
603:cites.org
188:Species:
126:Kingdom:
120:Eukaryota
2405:11067925
2372:Wikidata
2336:Species+
2263:10762387
2182:BioLib:
2114:Wikidata
1962:30533307
1836:35668245
1792:16574797
1751:28717595
1658:41493220
1595:53250240
1548:12050308
1540:20493702
1471:Ethology
1456:53250240
1382:30533307
1258:28717595
1012:26042285
925:PLOS ONE
906:35034406
676:24058464
626:PLOS ONE
491:amplexus
449:amplexus
391:Colombia
387:Honduras
229:Synonyms
166:Family:
150:Amphibia
140:Chordata
136:Phylum:
130:Animalia
116:Domain:
76:IUCN 3.1
2418:1099321
2237:2428197
2224:1039149
2120:Q337616
2012:1 March
1986:1 March
1953:6283037
1800:8139023
1742:5511700
1650:8574447
1622:Bibcode
1518:Bibcode
1479:Bibcode
1373:6283037
1249:5511700
984:Zootaxa
933:Bibcode
897:8923152
874:bioRxiv
866:Bibcode
828:Animals
794:: 871.
757:Bibcode
667:3776832
634:Bibcode
433:carrion
222:, 1862)
176:Genus:
170:Hylidae
156:Order:
146:Class:
91: (
74: (
2348:uBio:
2315:186413
2302:197464
2276:208130
2185:177545
2043:14 Aug
1960:
1950:
1902:
1842:
1834:
1798:
1790:
1749:
1739:
1731:
1681:
1656:
1648:
1640:
1593:
1585:
1546:
1538:
1454:
1380:
1370:
1362:
1256:
1246:
1136:
1057:14 Aug
1010:
1002:
904:
894:
876:
806:
775:
674:
664:
480:Mating
457:clutch
2392:3NCNN
2351:27017
2289:55290
2258:IRMNG
2250:23702
2211:65JNR
2198:34396
1930:PeerJ
1909:9 May
1840:S2CID
1796:S2CID
1711:PeerJ
1690:9 May
1654:S2CID
1591:S2CID
1544:S2CID
1452:S2CID
1342:PeerJ
1216:PeerJ
1084:9 May
160:Anura
93:CITES
87:CITES
2413:ITIS
2400:GBIF
2341:9748
2328:9483
2297:NCBI
2284:IUCN
2271:ITIS
2232:GBIF
2193:BOLD
2045:2024
2014:2023
1988:2023
1958:PMID
1911:2015
1900:ISSN
1832:PMID
1788:PMID
1747:PMID
1729:ISSN
1692:2015
1679:ISBN
1646:PMID
1638:ISSN
1583:ISSN
1536:PMID
1378:PMID
1360:ISSN
1254:PMID
1134:ISBN
1115:2023
1086:2015
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