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530:. It may not be owned, imported, grown, moved, sold, given as a gift or dumped in a waterway. It requires compulsory control as part of an invasive species control programme to remove and destroy. The plants are deemed to have such a high invasive potential that infestations can qualify to be placed under a government sponsored invasive species management programme. No permits will be issued.
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384:'Albus' (about 10% of individuals) has white blooms. Flowering takes place in early summer and, in cool summer areas, continues sporadically throughout the summer and into fall. The cultivar 'coccineus' is especially long-blooming. The blooms have a strong and somewhat rank scent. They are pollinated by both
379:
in shape. The plant flowers profusely, and though the individual flowers are small (no more than 2 mm), the inflorescences are large and showy. The flowers are small in rounded clusters each with 5 fused petals and a spur. The most typical color is a brick red or purplish red, but colors
431:, ranging from Portugal and Spain to France, Italy, former Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece and European Turkey, and from Morocco to Algeria and Tunisia. It has been introduced into many other parts of the world as a garden escape. It is naturalised in
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depending on conditions; the plants are usually woody at the base. The leaves are generally 5–8 cm in length. Their form changes from the bottom to the top of the plant, the lower leaves being
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479:, usually in disturbed, rocky places at elevations below 200 m. It is often seen by roadsides or in urban wasteland. It can tolerate very
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can tolerate lime in mortar, and may frequently be seen growing on old walls in Italy, southern France and south-west UK.
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that allow wind dispersal, and as such can self-seed freely and become invasive if not properly controlled.
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714:"Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Red valerian | Centranthus ruber"
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and the plant is noted for attracting insects. It is used as a food plant by the
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696:"NEMBA Invasive Alien Species Regulations List published for public comment"
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soil conditions. Because of its ability to tolerate alkaline conditions,
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455:. In the US it can be found growing wild in such western states as
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667:"Centranthus ruber - Invasive Species | Cape Town Invasives"
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659:
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The species is listed as a NEMBA 1b invasive in the
375:. The leaves grow in opposite pairs and are oval or
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380:include deep crimson, pale pink, and lavender.
502:Showing both petioled and sessile leaf forms.
8:
776:
42:
31:
766:Entry in the Plants for a Future database
590:Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland
643:United States Department of Agriculture
634:Germplasm Resources Information Network
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545:
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7:
1397:fed84592-3928-4275-92dd-306e43d44713
1270:b45c175e-09fd-48ce-9c1f-51f8ad08343a
734:"Invasive Alien Plant Alert | SANBI"
359:though it can take any form from a
25:
771:Images from the CalPhotos archive
420:Growing atop old walls in Ireland
279:Garsault (1764), opus utique rej.
1448:Flora of the Mediterranean Basin
1335:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:859275-1
894:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860141-1
55:
761:Jepson Manual species treatment
244:Centranthus ruber f. albiflorus
404:. Seeds have tufts similar to
1:
639:Agricultural Research Service
510:Three common colour forms of
271:Salisb. (1796), nom. superfl.
671:www.capetowninvasives.org.za
1463:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
371:while the upper leaves are
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559:Plants of the World Online
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197:
179:
172:
52:Scientific classification
50:
41:
34:
1458:Plants described in 1753
247:Merino (1904), nom. nud.
1438:Garden plants of Europe
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503:
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421:
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219:Gray (1821 publ. 1822)
208:Centranthus latifolius
509:
501:
493:
419:
340:
224:Centranthus maritimus
429:Mediterranean region
325:plant grown for its
276:Valeriana hortensis
216:Centranthus marinus
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504:
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400:species including
346:
1420:
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1291:Open Tree of Life
1260:Centranthus~ruber
1032:Centranthus_ruber
962:Centranthus ruber
932:Centranthus ruber
782:Taxon identifiers
627:Centranthus ruber
427:is native of the
382:Centranthus ruber
295:Centranthus ruber
286:
285:
280:
272:
268:Valeriana florida
252:Ocymastrum rubrum
232:Centranthus ruber
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16:(Redirected from
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698:. Archived from
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518:Invasive species
361:herbaceous plant
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790:Valeriana rubra
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512:Valeriana rubra
485:Valeriana rubra
425:Valeriana rubra
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355:, usually as a
353:perennial plant
349:Valeriana rubra
335:
321:, is a popular
319:Jupiter's beard
290:Valeriana rubra
263:Mazziari (1834)
262:
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183:Valeriana rubra
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36:Valeriana rubra
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1453:Flora of Malta
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1410:wfo-0000594324
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755:External links
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702:on 2016-08-08.
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582:BSBI List 2007
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260:Valeriana alba
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738:www.sanbi.org
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677:on 2016-08-25
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494:White form of
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343:inflorescence
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316:
315:devil's beard
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307:kiss-me-quick
304:
303:spur valerian
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255:Kuntze (1891)
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174:Binomial name
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165:V. rubra
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741:. Retrieved
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717:. Retrieved
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700:the original
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675:the original
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646:. Retrieved
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601:. Retrieved
594:the original
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575:
563:. Retrieved
557:
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528:South Africa
524:Western Cape
521:
511:
484:
424:
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412:Distribution
402:angle shades
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299:red valerian
298:
294:
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211:Dufr. (1811)
207:
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114:
101:
88:
75:
35:
29:
18:Red Valerian
1309:kew-2709046
1216:NatureServe
1141:iNaturalist
956:Wikispecies
449:Isle of Man
398:Lepidoptera
390:butterflies
341:Closeup of
333:Description
311:fox's brush
95:Angiosperms
1427:Categories
1304:Plant List
1003:Calflora:
743:2016-06-29
719:2016-06-29
681:2016-06-29
603:2014-10-17
534:References
473:Washington
465:California
406:dandelions
377:lanceolate
327:ornamental
227:DC. (1830)
131:Dipsacales
1443:Valeriana
1097:242435174
1079:FloraBase
805:Q21877697
437:Australia
369:petiolate
329:flowers.
293:(synonym
159:Species:
152:Valeriana
65:Kingdom:
1392:VicFlora
1381:VASCAN:
1374:33500034
1369:Tropicos
1255:NSWFlora
1221:2.141493
1182:11431122
1169:859275-1
1027:eFloraSA
993:BioLib:
941:Wikidata
907:33500515
902:Tropicos
881:860141-1
799:Wikidata
565:30 April
481:alkaline
451:and the
396:of some
357:subshrub
199:Synonyms
192:. (1753)
137:Family:
121:Asterids
108:Eudicots
1203:MoBotPF
1120:2888740
947:Q158231
855:4094753
648:8 April
457:Arizona
445:Ireland
373:sessile
297:), the
147:Genus:
127:Order:
69:Plantae
1361:5135-1
1317:PLANTS
1296:759056
1267:NZOR:
1208:287436
1107:cenrub
1104:FoIO:
1071:184865
1045:488122
970:APDB:
829:195816
816:181841
813:APDB:
477:Oregon
475:, and
469:Hawaii
433:France
394:larvae
323:garden
239:(1805)
1384:29028
1356:SANBI
1348:93739
1322:CERU2
1247:42332
1195:35374
1177:IRMNG
1156:13957
1153:IPA:
1146:57283
1066:EUNIS
1058:CNERU
996:40500
986:58802
973:95140
868:41086
842:7FBVG
597:(xls)
586:(xls)
365:shrub
363:to a
351:is a
115:Clade
102:Clade
89:Clade
76:Clade
1330:POWO
1283:6573
1242:NCBI
1190:ITIS
1164:IPNI
1133:9837
1128:GRIN
1115:GBIF
1084:7367
1053:EPPO
1019:S8CR
1006:1864
981:APNI
889:POWO
876:IPNI
863:GRIN
850:GBIF
824:APNI
650:2015
567:2024
461:Utah
388:and
386:bees
1405:WFO
1343:RHS
1229:NBN
1092:FNA
1040:EoL
1014:CoL
915:WFO
837:CoL
555:L."
317:or
237:DC.
235:L.
1429::
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736:.
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658:^
641:,
637:.
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612:^
588:.
542:^
526:,
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301:,
117::
104::
91::
78::
746:.
722:.
684:.
652:.
629:"
625:"
606:.
569:.
551:"
190:L
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
