493:, passing through the shopping district to Birmingham New Street station. The £127 million state-of-the-art, electrically powered light rail system will also provide quick and easy access to Birmingham's business district and the Jewellery Quarter. Track laying was due to start in 2013 with a completion date of 2015 however following a number of delays the extension was finally opened on 30 May 2016. The extension is forecast to boost the regional economy by £50 million a year and create up to 1,300 sustainable new jobs. This extension has now been carried out and there are other extensions planned for the future by TfWM.
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649:. The proposal consists of a 56-storey tower, measuring 200.5 metres (658 ft) tall, housing retail units, a luxury hotel, residential apartments and car parking. Provision has been made for 256 serviced apartments, although these could become additional hotel space. It is estimated it will cost £125million to construct, and when completed, it will become the tallest building in the city at 200m.This project has now been cancelled.
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736:. The site was also identified as an appropriate location for a tall building under the "High Places" document. The development is estimated to cost £1 billion, and the council has joined with several major developers involved in projects across the city to establish plans for the site. However, a report into the financial feasibility of redeveloping the site warned the project was financially flawed and unlikely to succeed.
623:, one of the tallest buildings in Birmingham, on what is currently a multi-level underground car park. The total cost of the entire scheme is expected to be £400 million, and the tower, £150 million. Planning permission was granted in 2005, however developers Miller Developments and Bridgehouse Capital have been granted a five-year extension on planning permission for the V Building meaning it must be built by 2015.
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746:’s school of music. Chamberlain Square and Centenary Square will be linked through news public squares whilst pedestrians will be encouraged around the site with new leisure, cultural and civic amenities. Granted planning permission be approved at the end of 2012, construction will begin in 2014 for an estimated completion date of 2017.
242:. The Big City Plan was launched in February 2008. Between December 2008 and February 2009 there was an extensive public consultation stage, engaging with citizens in a variety of ways: a website, newspaper supplements, leaflets, posters, a conference, and even an exhibition on a bus that toured inner-city residential districts.
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to be a block with two towers protruding, one of which was estimated to be 110 metres in height with 29 floors and a sloped roof with two rooftop gardens either side of these. The other was shorter, however also had the sloped roof. It was proposed that there would be eight buildings in total on site. It was shelved in 2009.
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structure. A further planning application has been submitted for the installation of artwork on one of the railway arches making up the
Digbeth Viaduct. Opposite the Custard Factory is a five-storey office development named Rhubarb designed by Bryant Priest Newman Architects which was completed in February 2010.
175:, which necessitated the purchase and clearance of vast areas of land. As well as this, he designated large areas of land redevelopment areas and set about clearing large areas of slums. The elevated roadways and the ring roads gave Birmingham the tag; "Britain's motor city". Stephen Bayley writing in
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was a proposed mixed-use development to connect the
Eastside to the city centre core and was also to be located on the High Street, a major retail area. The design contained residential and office blocks as well as an open area surrounded by shops. There were also five rooftop gardens. There was also
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twice, first in 1964, but its
Brutalist architecture became much disliked by the public and the building was seen as a major part of Birmingham's "concrete jungle" image. Realising the need for major changes to the city centre, an alliance of investment and development companies was formed called the
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To improve the skyline of
Birmingham, the "High Places" document was produced by the council to outline appropriate places for highrise buildings and to explain what the council expects from their design. Birmingham city centre is located on a sandstone ridge and is about 100 metres above sea level
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called
Deritend Bridge) was a large residential development planned for the area. It received outline planning consent however the land was then sold by the developers to another company. The site is now set to be developed into a large mixed-use scheme named Connaught Square by the Naus Group. The
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The aim of this ambitious plan will be to increase the size of the city core by 25%, improving transport connectivity throughout the seven ‘quarters’ that make up the city centre. It identifies how the city centre population will grow providing more than 5,000 new homes and 50,000 new jobs, as well
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agreed to move its
Midlands headquarters to One Snowhill. They are to take up 98,000 square feet (9,104 m) of space on floors three to six on a 15-year lease with its own dedicated reception and meeting suite. 1,000 sales and operations staff will move into the office building. The pre-let to
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will deliver over 450,000 sq ft (42,000 m) of Grade A offices, a 200-room hotel, 250 residential apartments, and 15,000 sq ft (1,400 m) of retail. The scheme will also include a major new public square. An outline planning application for the development, designed by
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was a large inner-city council estate, built on one of five designated redevelopment areas following World War II. Originally slum housing, it was cleared by the council who constructed numerous tower blocks and low rise maisonettes. The housing infrastructure began to deteriorate because of poor
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Construction of Two
Snowhill was suspended in 2009, with the basement level and slip form cores having been completed. The project restarted in 2011 with the shell and core works being completed in early 2013. Office floors 1 to 6 have been completed to 'Cat A' standard and are now available for
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A planning application for outline planning permission was submitted to the council in August 2006 which shows a glass façade with rounded edges. The entrance on
Station Street originally included two curved 130 metre tall towers on the site of Stephenson Tower. Due to the economic slowdown, the
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showroom in the area in early 2006, despite the council naming the area as a media quarter. The
Custard Factory is again set for an expansion with the refurbishment of the adjacent Devonshire House being approved by Birmingham City Council in August 2007. Scaffolding has been erected around the
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In mid-2010, city planners approved proposals for a nine-storey, 174 bed hotel beside the existing
Masshouse building. The Hotel La Tour group plans to open the four star in February 2012, creating 100 full and part-time jobs in the area. The development will include a restaurant, bar, gym and
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Planning permission was granted for the Beorma Quarter in August 2009, despite the fact that the project contravenes at least two of the City Council’s own planning policies. It is outside the city's designated tall building area and is also in the middle of a conservation area. The tower was
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Preliminary work on the construction of the Beorma Quarter began in December 2010. Work started with stripping out the listed Cold Store building opposite St. Martin's Church. The conversion of the historic, 35,000 sq ft (3,300 m) building will create an innovation centre for
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of the city. The first main aim was to target the areas in the city centre that had not been developed following World War II, such as the canals. The council worked closely with Argent, a developer, who redeveloped the area around the canals into a mixed use scheme
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Masshouse is a development with the construction of 13 new highrise blocks intended for public services, commerce and residential purposes. When completed, the blocks will have a prominent position on the Eastside skyline. Also planned for location at Masshouse was
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is also expected to witness a vast amount of redevelopment. A large number of low-rise residential schemes have been proposed with several beginning construction in 2005 and 2006. Deritend Bridge (so called because of its location near a bridge which crossed the
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The Arena Central project includes offices, apartments, leisure facilities, bars and restaurants on Broad Street on the site of the former ATV / Central Television Studios which had closed in 1997. Construction has been delayed due to the property market slump.
1223:. The original proposal was the centrepiece of a larger scheme to create a £300 million sports village on a 60-acre (240,000 m) site, however, plans for the sports village fell through when plans for a proposed supercasino for the site also fell through.
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Another major part of the plan was to change the skyline of the city, which mainly consisted of postwar office buildings. Through the creation of the "High Places" document, the council aimed to encourage highrise development in the city once more.
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917:) into the region. Birmingham City Council's Gross value added, sets out how investment in the Curzon area will enable the city to benefit from the improved connectivity with London (phase one 2026) and northern cities in phase two.
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At the end of May 2009, the City Council approved plans for a £530,000 environmental improvement scheme at the heart of the city’s Gay Village area. The proposals include extending the avenue of street trees to the full length of
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147:, and the old Central Library being destroyed in the 1950s and 1960s by the city planners. These planning decisions were to have a profound effect on the image of Birmingham in subsequent decades, with the mix of concrete
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was launched on 29 September 2010. This masterplan sets out how the city centre of Birmingham will be improved over the next 20 years. The plan identifies five key areas of development potentially worth £10 billion.
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into residential apartments from an office building. The building was stripped to the core and floorplates before new full-height windows and cladding were added, plus two LED boards to the top of the building.
396:. The plans featured a foyer of open space with a multi-storey entrance. The roof was composed completely of glass to allow natural light to enter the entrance hall. The façade will have rounded edges and the
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Work began on the new station in September 2009. The building work will be done in phases in an attempt to minimise disruption to passengers and shoppers. The building work was completed in September 2015.
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and parts of Kent Street; widening pavements to create space for café bars to provide outdoor seating and brighter street lighting with decorative lanterns. This plan may now be funded by Southside BID.
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Paradise, Birmingham, previously known as Paradise Circus, is a large site in the city centre in which the council has investigated options for redeveloping the site following the imminent demolition of
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The Southside Business Improvement District (BID) is a plan for the local business community to come together to develop projects and services that will benefit the environment of Southside.
143:. This public demand for modern buildings, combined with Victorian architectural styles falling out of favour, resulted in dozens of fine Victorian buildings like the intricate glass-roofed
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913:. It is expected that once HS2 is complete journey times from London into Birmingham City Centre will be reduced to 45 minutes with the potential to bring £1.4 billion of economic value (
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who put the finance together to design and construct the new £500 million Bull Ring shopping centre, which was completed in 2003. It is amongst the busiest shopping centres in the
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which was opened in 2012, the first new city centre park since Victorian times. It also sets out visionary proposals in which each of the seven 'quarters' will be able to evolve.
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By February 2011, a question mark remained over the development of the site's 27-storey tower block, as construction will only commence once occupiers are found.
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http://www.birminghampost.net/news/west-midlands-news/2009/11/06/birmingham-won-t-wait-ten-years-for-start-on-arena-central-v-building-65233-25103305/Birmingham
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In July 2012, Argent submitted an outline planning application to develop up to 10 new buildings, which include a new upgraded Copthorne and a concert hall for
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Barclays is believed to be the reason why they were comfortable to refinance the loan for the construction of the building. Snowhill One was completed in 2009.
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The area has been sold to various developers who are being encouraged to build large mixed use schemes. The first building to be completed in Eastside was
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was originally proposed at 191 metres, however, the height restrictions meant the height was cut down to 122 metres. It has since been completed.
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Quarter was planned for construction from 2010 onwards, as a multimillion-pound 27-storey city-within-a-city development on a site at the end of
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1165:, first known as Arena Central Tower, was first proposed at 245 metres but was also shortened to 175 metres. The building was redesigned by
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contains 135 flats, 111,500 ft² (10,360 m²) of offices, shops, a hotel and a 'skyline' restaurant. It is the final phase of
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and two refurbished cold storage buildings which will be redeveloped as creative industries business incubation and innovation hubs.
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described as "abominable" and "like a punch in the face by an architectural fist" by the city’s Conservation and Heritage Panel.
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has 118,400 square feet (11,000 m) of office space in the building on a 20-year lease on floors 7 to 11. Following this,
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A large part of the scheme was the redevelopment of the Bull Ring, which has been an important feature of Birmingham since the
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has been an important part of the redevelopment of the city centre, and plans from the 1990s suggested the construction of
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plots ). Complete with state-of-the-art environmental and energy systems, the final development is likely to consist of a
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Eastside is a new area of Birmingham city centre made possible by the demolition of a large elevated road junction called
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As part of the development, St Chads Circus was levelled with the underpasses filled in. A new square created adjacent to
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254:, which acted as a 'concrete collar' preventing expansion, the city centre is newly defined as being the area within the
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258:. The Big City Plan divided the now much bigger city centre into seven districts, each with its own distinct character.
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is the city's first superhospital, completed in 2010. The completion cost was £545 million. The new hospital replaces
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as a flagship project for the Redevelopment of Birmingham and is set to become the largest public library in Britain.
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In August 2010, planning permission was granted for a new £1.5 million square at the heart of Birmingham’s historic
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who have signed up for 250,000 square feet (23,000 m) of space, a new record for the Birmingham office market.
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Designs were shown to the public in mid-February 2006 for a new Birmingham New Street station in a project known as
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http://www.birminghammail.net/news/top-stories/2009/08/11/new-street-revamp-work-close-to-starting-97319-24370064/
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who gained commission for the project in 2006. Development of the park commenced in August 2011 by contractors
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437:. Developed by Ballymore, it will feature two office blocks, a hotel tower and a 137-metre residential tower.
351:. The area is said to bring in around £1 billion per year, and has a footfall of around 36.9 million a year.
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The coalition government has given funding approval for the extension of the West Midlands Metro from
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on the former Lee Bank estate. Park Central is one of Europe's largest urban renaissance projects.
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office space is not needed, and the "twin towers" plan has been shelved until the market picks up.
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Birmingham was supposed to get its first five-star hotel after Ballymore confirmed that in 2008,
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architecture of the conglomerate of buildings is seen by many as contributing to Birmingham's
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2196:"Arena Central | Offices, shops and restaurants in Birmingham city centre, Midlands, UK"
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1401:"Bigger is Better? Local authority housing and the strange attraction of high-rise, 1945-70"
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2133:"Library of Birmingham plans unveiled as recession opens a new chapter for civic buildings"
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As of May 2007, Argent are investing £2 million to improve the interior of Paradise Forum.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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Digbeth Coach Station underwent a £15 million redevelopment in 2009 and was renamed
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is a proposed 51 storey landmark residential skyscraper. It will be located next to
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was made city engineer of Birmingham and his work included the construction of the
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2551:"Birmingham city centre development Martineau Galleries is delayed for five years"
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Holloway Circus Tower (right) and the Orion Building (left) from Centenary Square.
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decided they needed to change the public perception of Birmingham and improve the
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in the education quarter. This has since been followed by the completion of the
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Tower Block Modernism vs. Urban Morphology: An analysis of Lee Bank, Birmingham
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It is believed the larger Arena Central site may not be completed until 2030.
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One Snowhill was the first building in the development. The accountancy firm
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The old Bull Ring Centre, added to the "concrete jungle" image of Birmingham.
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1441:"Article reviewing the Architectural regeneration of Birmingham City Centre"
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In 2007, a report was commissioned by the Leader of the Council, Councillor
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2645:"LSH plays integral role in £15m redevelopment of Birmingham Coach Station"
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Eastside is the planned location for the city centre terminus station for
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Urban Environmentalism: Global Change and the Mediation of Local Conflict
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also attracted interest to the area economically with the opening of a
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The city was subject to a widespread regeneration effort following the
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http://bigcityplan.birmingham.gov.uk/documents/BCP_news_autumn2009.pdf
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has relocated to Longbridge on the former site of the MG Rover works.
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construction and inadequate maintenance. The estate was purchased by
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lease. Floors 7 to 14 are currently being fitted out for legal firm,
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cuboid tower completed in 2010, in Birmingham, England. Designed by
536:. It is estimated the new library cost £193 million and is seen by
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Paradise Circus development 'to return Birmingham to pedestrians'
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meaning that towers no taller than 40 storeys are advised due to
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is a vibrant new mixed use development on the site of the former
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Major development plan for the city centre of Birmingham, England
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Plans lodged for development around Birmingham's Paradise Circus
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How the controversial Beorma Tower will look from the Bullring.
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development. It has already been dubbed 'Tetris Tower' by some
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with 36.5 million visitors in 2004. It houses one of only four
326:, when its market was first held. It has been developed into a
1606:"Birmingham Unitary Development Plan Chapter 15 - City Centre"
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Birmingham Community Empowerment Network: BRIEFING 28 SEPT 05
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Remaking Birmingham: The Visual Culture of Urban Regeneration
1549:"The Birmingham City Centre Masterplan: The Visioning Study"
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building (it will occupy the site of the city's last seven
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High Street, directly opposite Birmingham's already iconic
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2574:(Report). www.birmingham.gov.uk. June 2016. pp. 4, 20
2504:
Make Architects get green light for City Park Gate project
2224:
Post article about extension of planning on the V Building
2021:"Starwood Hotels announce Birmingham's first 5-star hotel"
845:
The City Park Gate scheme located immediately adjacent to
236:
The Birmingham City Centre Masterplan: The Visioning Study
2092:"Relief for Birmingham as Midland Metro is spare the axe"
1758:- icBirmingham, 3 September 2004 (Accessed 17 March 2007)
1157:
Several towers have been proposed for Birmingham since.
528:
in 2013. It is part of a pedestrian axis extending from
2328:
Skyscrapernews.com: Paradise Circus Redevelopment Tower
2235:"Details Page for Planning Application - 2009/04215/PA"
181:
in 2008 described Manzoni's vision of Birmingham as a "
2045:
St Chad's Intersection / Snow Hill Queensway roadworks
1902:. Emporis. Archived from the original on 15 March 2008
1250:
List of tallest buildings and structures in Birmingham
591:
due to the exterior resembling the shapes on the game
2815:
Planners give go-ahead to 40-storey Birmingham tower
1399:
Phil Jones, Urban Morphology Research Group (2002).
464:
entered into an agreement to open a new 198 bedroom
197:
brutalist, concrete-dominated slave to the motor car
4386:
4203:
4102:
3967:
3960:
3876:
3806:
3733:
3708:
3556:
3545:
3490:
3357:
3348:
3227:
3181:
3039:
2993:
2952:
2907:
2631:"Birmingham Beorma Quarter tower block plan panned"
1005:, the largest scheduled coach service provider in
4151:Glasgow International Financial Services District
1991:"Ballymore Gains Approval for Birmingham Project"
1937:"Barclays to move Midland HQ to Snowhill complex"
1873:"Ballymore Gains Approval for Birmingham Project"
702:. At present, it is home to the Central Library,
516:is a new library at Centenary Square beside the
767:Matthew Boulton campus after completion in 2005.
2428:. Birmingham City Council. 2008. Archived from
1835:Twin towers plan for New Street station shelved
1581:"Article describing Birmingham's Big City Plan"
1198:Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham (1933–2010)
872:Masshouse Block I after it had been topped out.
159:giving Birmingham a 'concrete jungle' tag. Sir
2514:- World Architecture News (Monday 14 May 2007)
2339:
2337:
2335:
599:have relocated their offices to The Cube from
4497:Local government in Birmingham, West Midlands
3159:
2880:
2790:Kuhne's Arena Central tower unveiled at MIPIM
2452:"Patel Taylor win Eastside City Park project"
2292:Birmingham.gov.uk: Demolition of Haddon Tower
1009:, has its national headquarters on the site.
8:
2478:"BIRMINGHAM CITY UNVEILS EASTSIDE CITY PARK"
1781:Birmingham's Rotunda Development Naked at 40
1207:was a proposed multi-purpose stadium in the
1045:development in Deritend extends towards the
343:department stores and contained the largest
2753:"Skyscrapernews.com: Holloway Circus Tower"
2689:"£150m makeover for Irish quarter unveiled"
2480:. Business Birmingham. 2012. Archived from
2426:"Eastside City Park - news and information"
3964:
3553:
3354:
3166:
3152:
3144:
2887:
2873:
2865:
1875:. Commercial Property News. Archived from
679:. Phase one saw the demolition of all the
2384:Touches of Paradise come to Forum at last
1846:"Work set to start on New Street Station"
1640:. Birmingham City Council. Archived from
1611:. Birmingham City Council. Archived from
1554:. Birmingham City Council. Archived from
1350:. Birmingham City Council. Archived from
1324:. Birmingham City Council. Archived from
1278:Architects Journal Overview of Masterplan
1322:"Aerial View of New Street Station 1963"
1230:, a former factory building next to the
3460:2020 Withdrawal from the European Union
3400:Second Industrial Revolution 1860s–1914
2778:Skyscrapernews.com: Arena Central Tower
2663:"Green light for coach station rebuild"
1900:"Ballymore ploughs through at Snowhill"
1497:Michael J. Thomas; Peter Brand (2005).
1270:
1052:An area between Fazeley Street and the
2525:"City Park Gate - Verdict Designbuild"
2356:£1bn Paradise Circus makeover revealed
2040:
2038:
1913:
1755:page.html UK's busiest shopping centre
825:. The park was designed by Architects
730:The Paradise, Birmingham redevelopment
2023:. Europe Real Estate. 25 January 2008
2001:from the original on 12 February 2010
1664:"Designated Areas of the City Centre"
1373:Scrivens, Louise (13 February 2003).
675:is phase one of a larger area called
223:, which were both completed in 1991.
104:as the £600 million redevelopment of
7:
4507:Town and country planning in England
4492:Economy of Birmingham, West Midlands
4466:
4183:London Platinum and Palladium Market
2549:Live, Birmingham (21 October 2009).
2454:. Patel Taylor. 2006. Archived from
645:and Sheepcote Street in Birmingham,
80:is a major development plan for the
1815:Re-New Street: Change at New Street
1375:"Tackling congestion in Birmingham"
1348:"Central Library - from old to new"
1304:"Birmingham Mail report on Stage 2"
1190:Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham
641:to be constructed on the corner of
112:which opened in September 2013 and
108:, opened in September 2015, a new
2803:Skyscrapernews.com: The V Building
1791:- Locate Birmingham, 9 August 2006
1180:withdrew objections to the tower.
710:), Birmingham Library Theatre and
95:Stage 2 of the Big City Plan, the
25:
4413:Confederation of British Industry
3608:Expansion plans for Milton Keynes
3271:Department for Business and Trade
3266:Competition and Markets Authority
2829:"Birmingham's new hospital named"
2726:"| Golden Square Birmingham"
2112:from the original on 5 March 2010
1898:Neil Nickolds (3 February 2008).
1736:WSP Group: Birmingham Bullring UK
1466:Reyburn, Ross (2 December 2008).
1426:Tackling congestion in Birmingham
1234:, which opened in December 2006.
1019:South Birmingham College: Digbeth
534:Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery
4465:
4456:
4455:
3308:Office for Budget Responsibility
3129:
3128:
2943:
2895:
2370:Paradise Circus secrets revealed
1969:"Barclays to refinance Snowhill"
1802:Rotunda keeps an eye on the city
1693:- BBC Magazine, 5 September 2003
1439:Bayley, Stephen (29 June 2008).
1178:Birmingham International Airport
829:with French Landscape Architect
429:The Snowhill scheme adjacent to
36:
3244:Governor of the Bank of England
2818:- Birmingham Post (29 Sep 2006)
2344:Birmingham High Places Document
2237:. Birmingham City Council. 2009
2177:Highways Agency Press Statement
1871:Marshall Taylor (4 June 2007).
1666:. Big City Plan. Archived from
1169:and is proposed at 152 metres.
823:Eastside regeneration programme
800:Birmingham Metropolitan College
765:Birmingham Metropolitan College
400:above the station will remain.
373:The Rotunda was refurbished by
221:International Convention Centre
187:obsolete before it was finished
4423:Federation of Small Businesses
2415:- Birmingham Post, 26 Jul 2012
2401:- Birmingham Post, 26 Jul 2012
2387:- Birmingham Post, 23 Jun 2006
2212:Official Arena Central website
1805:- Birmingham Post, 24 May 2007
1127:Museum of Science and Industry
1:
4193:Alternative Investment Market
4173:London Interbank Offered Rate
4129:List of UK building societies
3175:Economy of the United Kingdom
2359:- Birmingham Post, 2 May 2005
2131:Robert Booth (3 April 2009).
1861:Revamp work close to starting
1049:area which borders Eastside.
911:Curzon Street railway station
879:Birmingham Magistrates' Court
547:The Library of Birmingham at
250:Following the removal of the
145:Birmingham New Street station
4408:British Chambers of Commerce
4403:British Bankers' Association
1429:- BBC News, 13 February 2003
1226:Urban Splash also developed
491:Birmingham Snow Hill station
195:said the city had become a "
183:Godless, concrete urban hell
3296:Chancellor of the Exchequer
3276:Financial Conduct Authority
2529:www.designbuild-network.com
1971:. Property Week. 9 May 2009
1935:Steve Pain (21 July 2008).
1468:"City bound for the future"
240:Professor Michael Parkinson
18:Redevelopment of Birmingham
4523:
4443:UK Payments Administration
3395:New Imperialism 1830s–1945
3219:Government-owned companies
2373:- icBirmingham, 7 Feb 2005
1786:December 15, 2007, at the
1711:. Routledge Ltd. pp.
1690:New adventures in concrete
1406:. University of Birmingham
1255:Architecture of Birmingham
1205:City of Birmingham Stadium
1184:Outside of the City Centre
1084:
1021:and the renovation of the
861:
753:
744:Birmingham City University
700:Birmingham Central Library
690:
526:Birmingham Central Library
500:
482:
414:
398:Pallasades Shopping Centre
385:
366:
307:
129:Birmingham Central Library
72:Selfridges at the Bullring
4451:
3518:National champions policy
3513:Recessions and recoveries
3430:1979 Winter of Discontent
3365:1659–1849 Navigation Acts
3340:UK Trade & Investment
3249:Monetary Policy Committee
3125:
2941:
2793:- Building, 15 March 2007
2151:"www.thecubeiscoming.com"
1920:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1215:, to replace the current
508:The Library of Birmingham
189:", while Ross Reyburn in
45:This article needs to be
3455:2009 bank rescue package
3450:2008 bank rescue package
3415:1929–39 Great Depression
3286:HM Revenue & Customs
3194:Employee-owned companies
2261:27 February 2008 at the
1820:18 December 2005 at the
1523:"Brindleyplace: History"
1474:. London. Archived from
983:Birmingham Coach Station
977:Birmingham Coach Station
960:John F. Kennedy memorial
802:Matthew Boulton campus.
796:New Technology Institute
704:Birmingham Conservatoire
3623:List of counties by GVA
3405:1873–79 Long Depression
3370:Agricultural Revolution
3335:UK Statistics Authority
2303:Optima Housing: History
2106:"Library of Birmingham"
1211:area of Birmingham for
885:conference facilities.
538:Birmingham City Council
204:Birmingham City Council
4433:Institute of Directors
4398:Business organisations
4323:Science and technology
4216:International students
3928:Working Time Directive
3301:Debt Management Office
2569:Curzon Investment plan
1146:
1087:Birmingham Gay Village
1068:Southside and Highgate
935:
873:
768:
556:
473:Saint Chad's Cathedral
466:Westin Hotel & Spa
426:
359:
319:
278:Southside and Highgate
132:
97:City Centre Masterplan
73:
4428:Industry trade groups
4188:London Stock Exchange
4178:London Metal Exchange
3945:Trades Union Congress
3638:East London Tech City
3482:Cost-of-living crisis
3420:1948–52 Marshall Plan
3375:Industrial Revolution
2970:Parks and open spaces
2930:Science and invention
2742:Golden Square Website
2647:. LSH. Archived from
2167:Cube Building Website
1154:height restrictions.
1144:
1137:High rise development
933:
871:
763:
714:. It was designed by
581:mixed use development
546:
514:Library of Birmingham
497:Westside and Ladywood
435:mixed-use development
424:
357:
317:
310:Bull Ring, Birmingham
283:Westside and Ladywood
217:National Indoor Arena
127:
110:Library of Birmingham
71:
4222:Entertainment &
3445:Late-2000s recession
3440:1992 Black Wednesday
3380:Financial Revolution
3209:FTSE Fledgling Index
2759:on 30 September 2007
2315:"Trash or Treasure?"
2182:18 July 2012 at the
1741:20 June 2007 at the
1328:on 30 September 2007
1290:"Eastside City Park"
1213:Birmingham City F.C.
756:Eastside, Birmingham
693:Paradise, Birmingham
687:Paradise, Birmingham
503:Westside, Birmingham
369:Rotunda (Birmingham)
3918:Equal opportunities
3523:Economic liberalism
3425:1974 Three-Day Week
3410:1926 general strike
3214:FTSE SmallCap Index
2851:18 May 2007 at the
2846:Fort Dunlop website
2732:on 15 November 2010
2693:The Birmingham Post
2050:17 May 2007 at the
1644:on 5 September 2008
1618:on 29 February 2012
1561:on 29 February 2012
1217:St Andrew's Stadium
909:(HS2) phase one at
894:Martineau Galleries
889:Martineau Galleries
847:Moor Street station
665:for redevelopment.
485:West Midlands Metro
333:Birmingham Alliance
4333:Telecommunications
3498:Economic geography
2651:on 9 October 2011.
2611:on 17 January 2013
2509:2007-09-27 at the
2484:on 7 December 2012
2458:on 1 December 2008
2279:2007-09-28 at the
2157:on 10 January 2016
2108:. Capita Symonds.
2070:on 28 October 2010
1670:on 24 January 2010
1529:on 8 February 2007
1478:on 28 October 2014
1310:on 3 October 2010.
1238:Bournville College
1194:Selly Oak Hospital
1174:Broad Street Tower
1147:
1056:in Digbeth, named
1017:The completion of
1013:Other developments
936:
874:
811:Eastside City Park
806:Eastside City Park
781:Aston Science Park
769:
557:
479:West Midland Metro
427:
382:New Street Station
360:
320:
202:In the mid-1980s,
133:
114:Eastside City Park
106:New Street station
74:
4479:
4478:
4382:
4381:
4161:Lloyd's of London
3872:
3871:
3844:Industrialisation
3758:Industrialisation
3541:
3540:
3470:COVID-19 pandemic
3390:1815–46 Corn Laws
3141:
3140:
2960:Constituent areas
2835:on 11 March 2010.
2090:Edward Chadwick.
1112:Jewellery Quarter
1101:Jewellery Quarter
1054:Grand Union Canal
708:Adrian Boult Hall
522:Baskerville House
431:Snow Hill station
288:Jewellery Quarter
234:. The result was
66:
65:
16:(Redirected from
4514:
4469:
4468:
4459:
4458:
4418:Co-operatives UK
4008:Hydroelectricity
3983:Renewable energy
3965:
3849:Renewable energy
3830:
3778:Renewable energy
3566:Atlantic Gateway
3554:
3385:Panic of 1796–97
3355:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3145:
3132:
3131:
3077:Listed buildings
2947:
2925:Military history
2920:Economic history
2899:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2866:
2855:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2831:. Archived from
2825:
2819:
2811:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2786:
2780:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2755:. Archived from
2749:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2728:. Archived from
2722:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2695:. 15 August 2007
2685:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2607:. Archived from
2605:"Beorma Quarter"
2601:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2573:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2521:
2515:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2422:
2416:
2408:
2402:
2394:
2388:
2380:
2374:
2366:
2360:
2352:
2346:
2341:
2330:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2311:
2305:
2300:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2271:
2265:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2202:on 15 March 2010
2198:. Archived from
2192:
2186:
2174:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2153:. Archived from
2147:
2141:
2140:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2066:. Archived from
2064:"Metro services"
2060:
2054:
2042:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1945:. Archived from
1932:
1926:
1925:
1919:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1812:
1806:
1798:
1792:
1777:
1771:
1770:- BBC Birmingham
1768:Skyline for Sale
1765:
1759:
1751:
1745:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1710:
1703:Kennedy (2004).
1700:
1694:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1617:
1610:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1560:
1553:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1525:. Archived from
1519:
1513:
1512:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1436:
1430:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1405:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1306:. Archived from
1300:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1280:
1275:
1003:National Express
792:Millennium Point
785:Aston University
773:Masshouse Circus
597:Highways England
573:Ken Shuttleworth
549:Centenary Square
530:Centenary Square
299:City Centre Core
263:City Centre Core
256:Middle Ring Road
169:Middle Ring Road
153:shopping centres
137:Birmingham Blitz
61:
58:
52:
40:
39:
32:
21:
4522:
4521:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4475:
4447:
4390:
4388:
4378:
4286:Pharmaceuticals
4199:
4114:Baltic Exchange
4105:
4098:
3970:
3956:
3878:
3868:
3824:
3802:
3729:
3711:
3704:
3549:
3547:
3537:
3533:Nationalisation
3486:
3344:
3239:Bank of England
3231:
3229:
3223:
3177:
3172:
3142:
3137:
3121:
3057:Classical music
3035:
2989:
2948:
2939:
2903:
2893:
2863:
2858:
2853:Wayback Machine
2844:
2840:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2812:
2808:
2801:
2797:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2772:
2762:
2760:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2735:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2712:
2708:
2698:
2696:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2672:
2670:
2667:Birmingham Mail
2661:
2660:
2656:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2614:
2612:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2591:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2533:
2531:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2511:Wayback Machine
2501:
2497:
2487:
2485:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2461:
2459:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2435:
2433:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2409:
2405:
2395:
2391:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2363:
2353:
2349:
2342:
2333:
2326:
2322:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2297:
2290:
2286:
2281:Wayback Machine
2272:
2268:
2263:Wayback Machine
2254:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2220:
2216:
2205:
2203:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2184:Wayback Machine
2175:
2171:
2160:
2158:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2115:
2113:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2073:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2052:Wayback Machine
2043:
2036:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2004:
2002:
1995:Skyscraper News
1989:
1988:
1984:
1974:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1949:on 25 July 2008
1942:Birmingham Post
1934:
1933:
1929:
1912:
1905:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1882:
1880:
1879:on 14 June 2008
1870:
1869:
1865:
1857:
1853:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1831:
1827:
1822:Wayback Machine
1813:
1809:
1799:
1795:
1788:Wayback Machine
1778:
1774:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1748:
1743:Wayback Machine
1734:
1730:
1723:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1683:
1673:
1671:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1647:
1645:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1589:
1587:
1585:Birmingham Post
1579:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1532:
1530:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1481:
1479:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1423:
1419:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1383:
1381:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1357:
1355:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1260:Midlands Engine
1246:
1221:Bordesley Green
1186:
1139:
1120:
1108:
1103:
1089:
1083:
1075:
1070:
1023:Custard Factory
1015:
979:
928:
923:
903:
891:
866:
860:
852:Make Architects
843:
817:in Birmingham,
808:
777:Inner Ring Road
758:
752:
724:concrete jungle
706:(including the
695:
689:
673:Crest Nicholson
655:
632:
609:
577:Make Architects
562:
510:
505:
499:
487:
481:
455:Wragge & Co
419:
413:
405:
390:
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328:shopping centre
312:
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252:Inner Ring Road
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173:Outer Ring Road
165:Inner Ring Road
161:Herbert Manzoni
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3204:FTSE 250 Index
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2432:on 9 June 2008
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1123:Newhall Square
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1085:Main article:
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862:Main article:
859:
856:
842:
841:City Park Gate
839:
831:Allain Provost
819:United Kingdom
807:
804:
754:Main article:
751:
748:
712:Paradise Forum
691:Main article:
688:
685:
663:Optima Housing
654:
651:
637:is a proposed
631:
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558:
555:in foreground.
553:Birmingham Rep
518:Birmingham Rep
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4271:Manufacturing
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4124:List of banks
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1504:
1501:. Routledge.
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1073:Southside BID
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3643:London Plan
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3230:governance,
2593:e-architect
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2116:17 February
1232:M6 motorway
1228:Fort Dunlop
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635:Regal Tower
630:Regal Tower
621:Alpha Tower
585:The Mailbox
433:is a large
363:The Rotunda
324:Middle Ages
293:Gun Quarter
232:Mike Whitby
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2994:Government
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2901:Birmingham
2736:1 November
2615:30 October
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2206:23 January
2161:24 January
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2005:1 February
1883:8 December
1674:26 January
1648:11 January
1638:"Eastside"
1622:11 January
1590:26 January
1565:25 January
1482:25 January
1451:25 January
1266:References
1167:Eric Kuhne
1163:V Building
1062:The Needle
1030:automobile
948:Selfridges
815:urban park
716:John Madin
639:skyscraper
617:V Building
341:Selfridges
208:livability
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4350:Transport
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3228:Currency,
3182:Companies
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1975:31 August
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1042:River Rea
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858:Masshouse
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304:Bull Ring
246:Districts
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3710:Northern
3680:Somerset
3588:Cornwall
3548:regions,
3546:Nations,
3330:Taxation
3134:Category
3102:Religion
2935:Timeline
2849:Archived
2507:Archived
2277:Archived
2259:Archived
2180:Archived
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1916:cite web
1906:15 March
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1027:Cadillac
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3062:Culture
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3011:Economy
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2915:History
2908:History
2673:16 June
1953:29 July
1209:Saltley
991:Belfast
952:burgage
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2572:(PDF)
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