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General
Assembly in two, concurrent years before being passed on to Virginia voters, who will vote on this referendum in November 2020. The amendment created a sixteen-member commission, composed of eight citizens, two Senate Democrats, two Senate Republicans, two House Democrats, and two House Republicans, to redistrict Virginia, instead of the General Assembly. It will also cement requirements for commission transparency and historic civil rights protections for racial and ethnic minorities in the Virginia Constitution. If the commission cannot agree or if the General Assembly rejects the commission's map twice, the Virginia Supreme Court will redraw the districts in accordance with existing standard, likely with the help of a Special Master. The amendment passed with 65.69% of the vote on November 3, 2020. The commission failed to agree on maps for the new districts, so in accordance with the Virginia Constitution, the Supreme Court took over responsibility from the group and completed the redistricting process in December 2021 with the help of two court-appointed special masters.
3236:
congressional districts. They created districts more compact than the
General Assembly's efforts. The "Division 1" maps conformed with the Governor's Executive Order, and did not address electoral competition or representational fairness. In addition to the criteria of contiguity, equipopulation, the federal Voting Rights Act and communities of interest in the existing city and county boundaries, "Division 2" maps in the competition did incorporate considerations of electoral competition and representational fairness. Judges for the cash award prizes were Thomas Mann of the Brookings Institution and Norman Ornstein of the
3127:"Members of the House of Representatives of the United States and members of the Senate and of the House of Delegates of the General Assembly shall be elected from electoral districts established by the General Assembly. Every electoral district shall be composed of contiguous and compact territory and shall be so constituted as to give, as nearly as is practicable, representation in proportion to the population of the district. The General Assembly shall reapportion the Commonwealth into electoral districts in accordance with this section in the year 2011 and every ten years thereafter."
3252:
and towns, counties and magisterial districts, election districts and voting precincts. Districts are to be established on the basis of population, in conformance with federal and state laws and court cases, including those addressing racial fairness. The territory is to be contiguous and compact, without oddly shaped boundaries. The commission is prohibited from using political data or election results to favor either political party or incumbent. It passed with a two-thirds majority of 27 to 12 in the Senate, and was then referred to committee in the House of
Delegates.
33:
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Article II, section 6 on apportionment states, "Members of the ... Senate and of the House of
Delegates of the General Assembly shall be elected from electoral districts established by the General Assembly. Every electoral district shall be composed of contiguous and compact territory and shall be so
3251:
of
Portsmouth sponsored a Senate Joint Resolution to establish additional criteria for the Virginia Redistricting Commission of four identified members of political parties, and three other independent public officials. The criteria began with respecting existing political boundaries, such as cities
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The
Virginia General Assembly passed HJ 615 in 2019 and SJ 18 in 2020 to amend the state constitution to form a redistricting commission for the 2021 redistricting process. In accordance with Virginia's process for amending the state constitution, this proposed amendment had to pass through the
3235:
In 2011, the
Virginia College and University Redistricting Competition was organized by Professors Michael McDonald of George Mason University and Quentin Kidd of Christopher Newport University. About 150 students on sixteen teams from thirteen schools submitted plans for legislative and U.S.
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in a
Virginia state court, plaintiffs sought to overturn the General Assembly's redistricting in five House of Delegate and six state Senate districts as violations of both the Virginia and U.S. Constitutions because they failed to represent populations in "continuous and compact territory".
3232:'s Independent Bipartisan Advisory Commission on Redistricting for the Commonwealth of Virginia made its report on April 1, 2011. It made two recommendations for each state legislative house that showed maps of districts more compact and contiguous than those adopted by the General Assembly.
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3140:. A suit claimed the district had been racially gerrymandered to give an advantage to white Republicans. The ruling in that case found that the General Assembly in 2012 unconstitutionally packed too many black voters into
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constituted as to give, as nearly as is practicable, representation in proportion to the population of the district." The
Redistricting Coalition of Virginia proposes either an independent commission or a
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AMENDMENT IN THE NATURE OF A SUBSTITUTE (Proposed by the Senate
Committee on Privileges and Elections on January 20, 2015) (Patrons Prior to Substitute--Senators Vogel and Lucas )
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will exist because of the stark political differences between urban and rural areas, which makes drawing competitive districts impossible in some regions of the state.
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until October 30, 2018, to submit a new map, but the Republican-majority Assembly was unable to agree on a map that would also be supported by Democratic Governor
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Bob Holsworth, Chair for the Independent Bipartisan Advisory Commission on Redistricting, Commonwealth of Virginia, April 1, 2011, p.22-27.
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Bob Holsworth, Chair for the Independent Bipartisan Advisory Commission on Redistricting, Commonwealth of Virginia, April 1, 2011, p.9-10
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found that the 11 districts unconstitutionally concentrated black voters, depriving them of representation. The Court gave the
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3398:"Virginia redistricting reform efforts dead for the year as House kills bipartisan Senate proposals | Virginia Politics"
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ruled that the constitutionality of the map was "fairly debatable" and therefore upheld it. In June 2018, the
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3353:"Supreme Court rejects request to delay Virginia's new congressional districts | Virginia Politics"
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3481:"Federal court releases plans for possible redistricting in Virginia, refuses to delay process"
3171:
districts back to a lower court to rule on 11 of those districts. Richmond Circuit Court Judge
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3144:'s district, weakening the clout of blacks in nearby districts. This ruling allowed Democrat
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3111:. In the 2017 Virginia General Assembly, all of the redistricting reform bills were killed.
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3421:"Supreme Court sends Virginia House of Delegates Redistricting Back to Lower Court"
3248:
3157:
3148:
to represent the 4th District in the newly convened U.S. House of Representatives.
3136:
The Republican Party lost one of its seats in Congress when a federal court redrew
3375:"Momentum Grows In Virginia To Improve Redistricting Process - New Journal Guide"
3738:
3107:
Redistricting has been a controversial topic in Virginia due to allegations of
3209:
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4002:
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3925:
3212:
commission that is not polarized. Member organizations include the
3167:
On 1 March 2017, the U.S. Supreme Court sent a case involving 12
3217:
3971:
3747:
3331:"Constitution of Virginia - Article II. Franchise and Officers"
3687:"Supreme Court of Virginia signs off on new legislative maps"
3419:
D.J. Spiker / March 1, 2017 @danieljspiker (March 1, 2017).
3396:
GRAHAM MOOMAW Richmond Times-Dispatch (February 14, 2017).
3518:"the virginia redistricting coalition - Coalition Members"
3505:
Virginia Constitution Article II, section 6. Apportionment
3309:"Virginia House panel rejects redistricting reform bills"
3177:
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
3584:"LIS > Bill Tracking > HJ615 > 2019 session"
3634:"Virginia Redistricting Commission Amendment (2020)"
3609:"LIS > Bill Tracking > SJ18 > 2020 session"
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4275:
4205:
4021:
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3457:"Judge upholds 11 Virginia legislative districts"
3983:
3759:
3571:Vesilind v. Virginia State Board of Elections
3257:Vesilind v. Virginia State Board of Elections
3088:
8:
3717:Rose Institute of State and Local Government
3916:National Democratic Redistricting Committee
3441:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3247:of Winchester and Democratic State Senator
3220:of Virginia, OneVirginia2021, the Virginia
3990:
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3766:
3752:
3744:
3479:Schneider, Gregory S. (December 7, 2018).
3243:In January 2015, Republican State Senator
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47:
20:
3160:noted that even without gerrymandering,
3921:National Republican Redistricting Trust
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398:
50:
23:
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3289:2020 United States redistricting cycle
3199:to oversee the redistricting process.
3656:
3654:
3138:Virginia's 4th congressional district
16:Overview of redistricting in Virginia
7:
3547:The Public Interest in Redistricting
3535:The Public Interest in Redistricting
3474:
3472:
4463:Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News
3355:. pilotonline.com. February 1, 2016
3311:. Newsleader.com. February 14, 2017
5205:Redistricting in the United States
3775:Redistricting in the United States
3187:, and the Court instead appointed
14:
3264:Virginia Redistricting Commission
5178:
3189:University of California, Irvine
31:
4468:Washington-Arlington-Alexandria
3559:SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 284
1:
4345:Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians
3666:www.virginiaredistricting.org
3238:American Enterprise Institute
3191:political science professor
3152:House of Delegates districts
3947:Congressional apportionment
3377:. Thenewjournalandguide.com
3226:Virginia Organizing Project
3169:Virginia House of Delegates
3115:Constitutional requirements
5226:
5174:
4408:Blacksburg-Christiansburg
4240:Colleges and universities
4009:
3735:Redistricting in Virginia
3729:Claremont McKenna College
3727:, Claremont, California:
3284:2020 United States census
4036:Administrative divisions
3957:Redistricting commission
3662:"Virginia Redistricting"
3573:, viewed October 7, 2016
4051:Congressional districts
3507:viewed October 10, 2006
3132:Congressional districts
2877:Commonwealth's Attorney
4290:Atlantic Coastal Plain
3725:Redistricting by State
3333:. Law.lis.virginia.gov
3214:League of Women Voters
3162:political polarization
3129:
3279:Elections in Virginia
3125:
3121:Virginia Constitution
25:Elections in Virginia
5210:Politics of Virginia
4305:Cumberland Mountains
4125:Gun laws in Virginia
3524:on October 10, 2014.
3181:Virginia legislature
5185:Virginia portal
4458:Staunton-Waynesboro
4355:South Hampton Roads
4285:Allegheny Mountains
4187:Tourist attractions
3693:. December 29, 2021
3485:The Washington Post
3245:Jill Holtzman Vogel
3222:Chamber of Commerce
2097:Lieutenant Governor
4385:Virginia Peninsula
4365:Southwest Virginia
4310:Delmarva Peninsula
4093:Historic Landmarks
3173:W. Reilly Marchant
2326:House of Delegates
43:Federal government
5192:
5191:
4350:Shenandoah Valley
4335:Northern Virginia
3965:
3964:
3465:. March 31, 2017.
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5181:
5006:Colonial Heights
4390:Western Virginia
4370:Tennessee Valley
4325:Middle Peninsula
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3969:
3935:Related articles
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3520:. Archived from
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3462:Associated Press
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3203:Proposed reforms
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2180:Attorney General
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4996:Charlottesville
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4088:Historic houses
4066:Representatives
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3499:
3489:
3487:
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3423:. Bearing Drift
3418:
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3413:
3403:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3380:
3378:
3373:
3372:
3368:
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3329:
3328:
3324:
3314:
3312:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3297:
3275:
3266:
3205:
3193:Bernard Grofman
3154:
3146:Donald McEachin
3134:
3117:
3101:
3072:
3071:
3009:
2999:
2998:
2964:
2954:
2953:
2914:
2904:
2903:
2871:
2861:
2860:
2811:
2801:
2800:
2636:
2634:Ballot measures
2626:
2625:
2469:State elections
1843:
1833:
1832:
45:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5223:
5221:
5213:
5212:
5207:
5197:
5196:
5190:
5189:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5151:Virginia Beach
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
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5073:
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5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5041:Fredericksburg
5038:
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5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
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4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
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4858:
4853:
4851:Prince William
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4806:Northumberland
4803:
4798:
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4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
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4738:
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4728:
4726:King and Queen
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
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4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
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4337:
4332:
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4300:Chesapeake Bay
4297:
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4273:
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4270:
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4264:
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4211:
4209:
4203:
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4194:
4192:Transportation
4189:
4184:
4179:
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4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
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4117:
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4111:
4110:
4105:
4103:First Families
4095:
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4075:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
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3997:
3995:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3972:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3954:
3952:Gerrymandering
3949:
3944:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3912:
3910:
3906:
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3867:
3865:North Carolina
3862:
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3837:
3831:
3829:
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3778:
3773:
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3763:
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3741:
3732:
3711:
3710:External links
3708:
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3678:
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3625:
3600:
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3400:. richmond.com
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3197:special master
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3109:gerrymandering
3103:
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3007:Virginia Beach
3005:
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2869:Henrico County
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2788:Fairfax County
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2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
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1959:
1954:
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1196:1824 (13th sp)
1193:
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1177:
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1148:
1146:1818 (19th sp)
1143:
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1131:
1123:
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1111:
1109:1814 (11th sp)
1106:
1101:
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1077:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1055:
1054:
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1048:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1028:1800 (13th sp)
1025:
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1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
999:
998:
988:
980:
979:
973:
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98:
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73:
68:
63:
55:
54:
52:U.S. President
46:
41:
40:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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5129:
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5119:
5117:
5114:
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5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5081:Manassas Park
5079:
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5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
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5039:
5037:
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5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
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4909:
4907:
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4902:
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4897:
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4887:
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4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4846:Prince George
4844:
4842:
4841:Prince Edward
4839:
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4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
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4822:
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4809:
4807:
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4802:
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4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
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4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
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4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4716:Isle of Wight
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
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4609:
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4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
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4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4330:Northern Neck
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4320:Hampton Roads
4318:
4316:
4315:Eastern Shore
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
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4286:
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3246:
3241:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3230:Bob McDonnell
3227:
3223:
3219:
3216:of Virginia,
3215:
3211:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3185:Ralph Northam
3182:
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2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
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1978:
1975:
1973:
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1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
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1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
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1855:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1819:2023 (4th sp)
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1767:2007 (1st sp)
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1740:2001 (4th sp)
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1710:1991 (7th sp)
1708:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
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1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
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1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
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1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
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1581:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
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1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
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1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
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1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1322:1862 (1st sp)
1320:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1206:1826 (5th sp)
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1186:1822 (2nd sp)
1184:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1018:1798 (9th sp)
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
997:
994:
993:
992:
989:
987:
984:
983:
982:
981:
978:
974:
969:
968:
964:
962:
961:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
406:
405:
404:
401:
397:
390:
387:
385:
382:
381:
380:
377:
373:
370:
369:
368:
365:
361:
358:
357:
356:
353:
351:
348:
344:
341:
339:
336:
335:
334:
331:
329:
326:
322:
319:
318:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
72:
69:
67:
64:
62:
59:
58:
57:
56:
53:
49:
44:
39:
38:
30:
29:
26:
22:
19:
5176:
5161:Williamsburg
5091:Newport News
5086:Martinsville
5056:Harrisonburg
5031:Falls Church
4946:Westmoreland
4911:Spotsylvania
4861:Rappahannock
4831:Pittsylvania
4736:King William
4591:Chesterfield
4581:Charles City
4443:Martinsville
4433:Harrisonburg
4225:Demographics
4167:Sports teams
4115:Homelessness
4011:
3999:Commonwealth
3889:
3875:Pennsylvania
3724:
3695:. Retrieved
3690:
3681:
3669:. Retrieved
3665:
3641:. Retrieved
3637:
3628:
3616:. Retrieved
3612:
3603:
3591:. Retrieved
3587:
3578:
3566:
3554:
3542:
3530:
3522:the original
3512:
3500:
3488:. Retrieved
3484:
3460:
3451:
3425:. Retrieved
3414:
3402:. Retrieved
3391:
3379:. Retrieved
3369:
3357:. Retrieved
3347:
3335:. Retrieved
3325:
3313:. Retrieved
3303:
3267:
3256:
3255:In 2015, at
3254:
3249:Louise Lucas
3242:
3234:
3206:
3195:to serve as
3166:
3158:Mark L. Cole
3155:
3135:
3126:
3118:
3106:
3054:City Council
2458:
2315:
2227:
2169:
2086:
966:
959:
18:
4991:Buena Vista
4971:Independent
4906:Southampton
4801:Northampton
4776:Mecklenburg
4731:King George
4686:Greensville
4400:Metro areas
4177:State parks
4132:LGBT rights
4073:Environment
4056:Delegations
3739:Ballotpedia
3697:January 25,
3671:January 25,
3638:Ballotpedia
3228:. Governor
3142:Bobby Scott
400:U.S. Senate
5199:Categories
5166:Winchester
5156:Waynesboro
5116:Portsmouth
5106:Petersburg
5001:Chesapeake
4981:Alexandria
4941:Washington
4896:Shenandoah
4881:Rockingham
4876:Rockbridge
4786:Montgomery
4721:James City
4666:Gloucester
4611:Cumberland
4561:Buckingham
4516:Appomattox
4473:Winchester
4380:Tri-Cities
4295:Blue Ridge
4250:Newspapers
4172:State Fair
4083:Government
3895:Washington
3850:California
3721:"Virginia"
3295:References
3210:bipartisan
2809:Alexandria
977:U.S. House
5071:Lynchburg
5066:Lexington
5011:Covington
4781:Middlesex
4761:Lunenburg
4741:Lancaster
4671:Goochland
4656:Frederick
4621:Dinwiddie
4616:Dickenson
4586:Charlotte
4551:Brunswick
4546:Botetourt
4521:Arlington
4501:Alleghany
4496:Albemarle
4438:Lynchburg
4413:Bluefield
4375:Tidewater
4360:Southside
4235:Education
4078:Furniture
4016:(capital)
3900:Wisconsin
3156:Delegate
2642:Statewide
864:1966 (sp)
824:1946 (sp)
794:1933 (sp)
769:1920 (sp)
754:1912 (sp)
709:1893 (sp)
659:1865 (sp)
644:1861 (sp)
619:1847 (sp)
609:1845 (sp)
599:1841 (sp)
584:1837 (sp)
574:1836 (sp)
564:1834 (sp)
554:1832 (sp)
539:1824 (sp)
524:1822 (sp)
514:1819 (sp)
509:1816 (sp)
499:1815 (sp)
494:1814 (sp)
469:1804 (sp)
459:1803 (sp)
449:1799 (sp)
434:1794 (sp)
424:1792 (sp)
414:1790 (sp)
5141:Staunton
5126:Richmond
5111:Poquoson
5076:Manassas
5061:Hopewell
5036:Franklin
5016:Danville
4931:Tazewell
4916:Stafford
4866:Richmond
4836:Powhatan
4811:Nottoway
4796:New Kent
4711:Highland
4651:Franklin
4646:Fluvanna
4636:Fauquier
4606:Culpeper
4571:Caroline
4566:Campbell
4556:Buchanan
4491:Accomack
4483:Counties
4448:Richmond
4428:Danville
4340:Piedmont
4267:Politics
4215:Abortion
4157:Scouting
4061:Senators
4013:Richmond
4003:Virginia
3942:Case law
3890:Virginia
3860:Michigan
3845:Arkansas
3828:By state
3782:By cycle
3643:July 21,
3618:July 21,
3593:July 21,
3490:March 3,
3437:cite web
3427:April 6,
3404:April 6,
3381:April 6,
3359:April 6,
3337:April 6,
3315:April 6,
3273:See also
3224:and the
3123:states:
2962:Richmond
1849:Governor
5146:Suffolk
5131:Roanoke
5121:Radford
5096:Norfolk
5051:Hampton
5026:Fairfax
5021:Emporia
4986:Bristol
4886:Russell
4871:Roanoke
4856:Pulaski
4826:Patrick
4771:Mathews
4766:Madison
4751:Loudoun
4701:Henrico
4696:Hanover
4691:Halifax
4676:Grayson
4631:Fairfax
4576:Carroll
4536:Bedford
4526:Augusta
4511:Amherst
4453:Roanoke
4418:Bristol
4277:Regions
4230:Economy
4207:Culture
4182:Symbols
4108:Slavery
4098:History
4041:Climate
4031:Outline
3855:Georgia
3840:Arizona
3835:Alabama
3691:AP News
2912:Norfolk
1315:11th sp
1221:10th sp
1174:20th sp
1169:17th sp
1164:10th sp
1134:23rd sp
1129:18th sp
1119:15th sp
1087:21st sp
1075:17th sp
1063:13th sp
1051:13th sp
61:1788–89
5101:Norton
4973:cities
4936:Warren
4926:Sussex
4816:Orange
4791:Nelson
4756:Louisa
4681:Greene
4596:Clarke
4506:Amelia
4246:Media
4197:Tribes
4162:Slogan
4152:Rivers
4147:Rights
4142:People
4046:Colony
4023:Topics
3926:REDMAP
2238:Senate
1698:5th sp
1651:6th sp
1584:4th sp
1572:7th sp
1567:6th sp
1562:5th sp
1550:2nd sp
1483:4th sp
1471:1st sp
1404:7th sp
1372:7th sp
1303:4th sp
1159:1st sp
1092:1st sp
1046:5th sp
996:9th sp
5136:Salem
5046:Galax
4956:Wythe
4921:Surry
4901:Smyth
4891:Scott
4706:Henry
4661:Giles
4641:Floyd
4626:Essex
4601:Craig
4541:Bland
4255:Radio
4220:Crime
4137:Music
3880:Texas
3016:Mayor
2971:Mayor
2921:Mayor
2818:Mayor
1876:1863
1155:1820
1125:1816
1042:1804
4961:York
4951:Wise
4821:Page
4531:Bath
3884:2003
3870:Ohio
3819:2020
3814:2010
3809:2000
3804:1990
3799:1980
3794:1970
3789:1960
3699:2024
3673:2024
3645:2020
3620:2020
3595:2020
3492:2019
3443:link
3429:2017
3406:2017
3383:2017
3361:2017
3339:2017
3317:2017
3218:AARP
3119:The
3063:2020
3045:2020
3040:2018
3035:2016
3030:2012
3025:2008
2990:2024
2985:2020
2980:2016
2945:2016
2940:2014
2935:2010
2930:2006
2895:2019
2890:2015
2885:2011
2853:List
2847:2024
2842:2021
2837:2018
2832:2015
2827:2012
2794:2016
2780:2020
2775:2018
2770:2016
2765:2014
2760:2012
2755:2010
2750:2006
2745:2004
2740:2002
2735:2000
2730:1998
2725:1996
2720:1994
2715:1992
2710:1990
2705:1988
2700:1987
2695:1986
2690:1984
2685:1982
2680:1980
2675:1978
2670:1977
2665:1976
2660:1974
2655:1972
2650:1970
2617:2023
2612:2021
2607:2020
2602:2019
2597:2018
2592:2017
2587:2016
2582:2015
2577:2014
2572:2013
2567:2012
2562:2011
2557:2010
2552:2009
2547:2008
2542:2007
2537:2006
2532:2005
2527:2004
2522:2003
2517:2002
2512:2001
2507:2000
2502:1999
2497:1997
2492:1995
2487:1993
2482:1991
2477:1989
2460:2023
2454:2021
2449:2019
2444:2017
2439:2015
2434:2013
2429:2011
2424:2009
2419:2007
2414:2005
2409:2003
2404:2001
2399:1999
2394:1997
2389:1995
2384:1993
2379:1991
2374:1989
2369:1987
2364:1985
2359:1983
2354:1982
2349:1981
2344:1979
2339:1977
2334:1975
2317:2023
2311:2019
2306:2015
2301:2011
2296:2007
2291:2003
2286:1999
2281:1995
2276:1991
2271:1987
2266:1983
2261:1979
2256:1975
2251:1971
2246:1967
2229:2025
2223:2021
2218:2017
2213:2013
2208:2009
2203:2005
2198:2001
2193:1997
2188:1993
2171:2025
2165:2021
2160:2017
2155:2013
2150:2009
2145:2005
2140:2001
2135:1997
2130:1993
2125:1989
2120:1985
2115:1981
2110:1977
2105:1973
2088:2025
2082:2021
2077:2017
2072:2013
2067:2009
2062:2005
2057:2001
2052:1997
2047:1993
2042:1989
2037:1985
2032:1981
2027:1977
2022:1973
2017:1969
2012:1965
2007:1961
2002:1957
1997:1953
1992:1949
1987:1945
1982:1941
1977:1937
1972:1933
1967:1929
1962:1925
1957:1921
1952:1917
1947:1913
1942:1909
1937:1905
1932:1901
1927:1897
1922:1893
1917:1889
1912:1885
1907:1881
1902:1877
1897:1873
1892:1869
1872:1859
1867:1855
1862:1851
1857:1776
1824:2024
1814:2022
1809:2020
1802:10th
1797:2018
1792:2016
1787:2014
1782:2012
1777:2010
1772:2008
1762:2006
1757:2004
1745:2002
1735:2000
1730:1998
1725:1996
1720:1994
1715:1992
1705:1990
1693:1988
1688:1986
1683:1984
1678:1982
1673:1980
1668:1978
1663:1976
1658:1974
1646:1972
1641:1970
1636:1968
1631:1966
1626:1964
1621:1962
1616:1960
1611:1958
1606:1956
1601:1954
1596:1952
1591:1950
1579:1948
1557:1946
1545:1944
1540:1942
1535:1940
1530:1938
1525:1936
1520:1934
1515:1932
1510:1930
1505:1928
1500:1926
1495:1924
1490:1922
1478:1920
1466:1918
1461:1916
1456:1914
1451:1912
1446:1910
1441:1908
1436:1906
1431:1904
1426:1902
1421:1900
1416:1898
1411:1896
1399:1894
1394:1892
1389:1890
1384:1888
1379:1886
1367:1884
1362:1882
1357:1880
1352:1878
1347:1876
1342:1874
1337:1872
1332:1870
1327:1869
1310:1861
1298:1859
1293:1857
1288:1855
1283:1853
1278:1851
1273:1849
1268:1847
1263:1845
1258:1843
1253:1841
1248:1839
1243:1837
1238:1835
1233:1833
1228:1831
1216:1829
1211:1827
1201:1825
1191:1823
1181:1821
1151:1819
1141:1817
1114:1815
1104:1813
1099:1811
1082:1809
1070:1807
1058:1805
1038:1803
1033:1801
1023:1799
1013:1797
1008:1795
1003:1793
991:1790
986:1789
967:2026
960:2024
954:2020
949:2018
944:2014
939:2012
934:2008
929:2006
924:2002
919:2000
914:1996
909:1994
904:1990
899:1988
894:1984
889:1982
884:1978
879:1976
874:1972
869:1970
859:1966
854:1964
849:1960
844:1958
839:1954
834:1952
829:1948
819:1946
814:1942
809:1940
804:1936
799:1934
789:1930
784:1928
779:1924
774:1922
764:1918
759:1916
749:1912
744:1911
739:1910
734:1906
729:1904
724:1899
719:1899
714:1894
704:1893
699:1889
694:1887
689:1883
684:1881
679:1877
674:1875
669:1871
664:1870
654:1865
649:1863
639:1858
634:1856
629:1852
624:1850
614:1846
604:1845
594:1840
589:1839
579:1837
569:1835
559:1833
549:1829
544:1827
534:1824
529:1823
519:1821
504:1816
489:1814
484:1811
479:1809
474:1808
464:1804
454:1803
444:1798
439:1796
429:1793
419:1791
409:1788
379:2024
367:2020
355:2016
350:2012
333:2008
328:2004
316:2000
311:1996
306:1992
301:1988
296:1984
291:1980
286:1976
281:1972
276:1968
271:1964
266:1960
261:1956
256:1952
251:1948
246:1944
241:1940
236:1936
231:1932
226:1928
221:1924
216:1920
211:1916
206:1912
201:1908
196:1904
191:1900
186:1896
181:1892
176:1888
171:1884
166:1880
161:1876
156:1872
151:1860
146:1856
141:1852
136:1848
131:1844
126:1840
121:1836
116:1832
111:1828
106:1824
101:1820
96:1816
91:1812
86:1808
81:1804
76:1800
71:1796
66:1792
4746:Lee
4120:Law
4001:of
3737:at
1750:8th
389:GOP
384:Dem
372:Dem
360:Dem
343:GOP
338:Dem
321:Dem
5201::
4260:TV
3723:,
3719:,
3689:.
3664:.
3653:^
3636:.
3611:.
3586:.
3483:.
3471:^
3459:.
3439:}}
3435:{{
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3647:.
3622:.
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3431:.
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3341:.
3319:.
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3089:t
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2855:)
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1880:C
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