421:
1596:
435:
1608:
603:
James
Larmuth, and Alberto Cuellar. An updated review of South African CSP projects under the renewable energy independent power producer procurement programme (REIPPPP). AIP Conference Proceedings 2126, 040001 (2019);
293:
396:
in 2020 means for the project. On 10 May 2021 ACWA Power announced the achievement of financial close, with commercial operations expected to commence in Q4 2023. ACWA Power appointed
Chinese company
332:). The project was to achieve financial close at end of 2015 and commence operations in early 2018. Overall project cost were estimated at $ 715 million, and basic power tariff offered at $ 124/
1489:
781:
719:
582:
1639:
68:
854:
313:
691:
374:
photovoltaic solar power projects. Together the three projects comprise a combined CSP and PV solar park with a total 271 MW of generating capacity.
1649:
849:
705:
407:
surrounding the tower had been constructed at this point. Synchronization onto the national grid was then expected to take place in
September 2024.
389:
In April 2018, the purchase power agreement (PPA) with Eskom was signed. In August 2019, it was reported that financing for
Redstone was complete.
889:
455:
1181:
1644:
296:
at a strike price of 122.3 ZAR/KWh including time of day pricing in 2015. The project was initially based on the technology of now bankrupt
450:
1566:
774:
465:
1294:
1206:
1028:
1611:
1454:
812:
348:
peak rate (2015 rate). The RSTP project would create 800 direct jobs during construction, with a planned 30-year operating life.
540:
1600:
1314:
403:
The facility's tower was eventually completed in 2024, reaching a height of 248 meters. However, not all of the planned 40,000
52:
1475:
1521:
807:
767:
739:
48:
356:
The RSTP project features a 2-tank direct molten salt energy storage with 12 hours of full-load energy storage, namely 1200
1634:
1379:
1196:
1079:
1053:
1424:
1038:
304:
until 2018. After the project was revived the plant is now under construction and the technology will be provided by
1581:
1269:
1146:
817:
371:
1429:
1576:
1324:
269:
1191:
1110:
360:
of equivalent power production, avoiding any backup fuel requirement. The RSTP project is located adjacent the 75
1419:
1329:
986:
1214:
911:
1374:
1349:
1284:
870:
383:
309:
277:
142:
1536:
1141:
666:
526:
1546:
1531:
1359:
1526:
1516:
1449:
1115:
1105:
1043:
926:
440:
1389:
1224:
1334:
1319:
1304:
1289:
1100:
1095:
931:
875:
802:
1409:
1399:
1354:
1309:
1254:
1249:
1541:
1511:
1506:
1439:
1244:
1012:
971:
961:
1444:
1394:
324:
In
January 2015, the South Africa Department of Energy awarded the RSTP project to a consortium led by
1364:
1219:
1571:
1434:
1384:
1344:
1234:
1007:
991:
981:
966:
956:
946:
941:
936:
916:
640:"A 20-year power purchase agreement with Redstone Solar Thermal Power postponed until further notice"
618:
498:
460:
487:"South African CSP projects under the REIPPP programme – Requirements, challenges and opportunities"
1404:
1299:
1279:
1176:
976:
951:
921:
906:
426:
720:"ACWA Power Leads South Africa's Largest Renewable Energy Project REDSTONE CSP To Financial Close"
491:
Solarpaces 2015: International
Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems
1369:
1136:
180:
569:"Redstone | New BrightSource Ltd - Advancing Solar Technology for a Cleaner Energy Future"
1264:
1171:
1151:
364:
265:
152:
1339:
1274:
1259:
1229:
1156:
506:
1239:
1063:
238:
193:
502:
1459:
1414:
1161:
217:
203:
1628:
1166:
1058:
357:
345:
341:
337:
333:
281:
209:
56:
1131:
393:
325:
305:
297:
285:
34:
386:(PPA) worth R50 billion with Eskom was postponed because of a generation surplus.
292:(MW) to deliver power to 200,000 people and was awarded in bid window 3.5 of the
639:
434:
273:
44:
1033:
416:
329:
127:
83:
70:
1048:
554:
404:
568:
247:
368:
361:
289:
186:
759:
706:"America's Concentrated Solar Power Companies Have All but Disappeared"
583:"SolarReserve Wins Bid to Build South African Solar Plus Storage Plant"
511:
486:
300:, but was delayed for several years because the PPA was not signed by
397:
605:
541:"How a Bank Resurrected SolarReserve's Redstone CSP with ACWA Power"
844:
336:. Peak power tariff is 270% of the basic power tariff i.e. $ 334/
301:
740:"Completed! Redstone Tower CSP project in South Africa is online"
763:
555:"EPC Contract of South Africa Redstone Project - SEPCOIII News"
392:
It is unclear what the bankruptcy of technology provider
328:
and the
Arabian Company for Water and Power Development (
340:. Tariffs quoted in Rands, fully indexed, were R1.70/
1559:
1499:
1488:
1468:
1205:
1124:
1088:
1072:
1021:
1000:
899:
888:
863:
837:
828:
795:
234:
229:
216:
202:
192:
179:
158:
148:
138:
133:
123:
115:
107:
99:
62:
40:
30:
21:
16:
Planned solar power tower solar thermal power plant
667:"Redstone CSP Contract Signed After 2-Year Delay"
527:"Redstone CSP Contract Signed After 2-Year Delay"
775:
661:
659:
288:. Redstone will have a capacity of 100
8:
1496:
896:
834:
782:
768:
760:
18:
855:National Energy Regulator of South Africa
510:
1476:Johannesburg Landfill Gas to Electricity
850:South African Nuclear Energy Corporation
692:"Redstone CSP project financing signed"
477:
400:to finish construction on the project.
456:List of power stations in South Africa
733:
731:
729:
7:
1640:Solar power stations in South Africa
1607:
451:List of solar thermal power stations
1567:Department of Energy (South Africa)
466:Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project
14:
1029:Drakensberg Pumped Storage Scheme
606:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117581
1606:
1595:
1594:
1455:Wesley-Ciskei Wind Power Station
1270:Dassiesklip Wind Energy Facility
433:
419:
1650:ZF Mgcawu District Municipality
1430:Tsitsikamma Community Wind Farm
1315:Impofu Wind Power Farms Complex
53:ZF Mgcawu District Municipality
1522:Graaff Electric Lighting Works
608:Published Online: 26 July 2019
493:. AIP Conference Proceedings.
1:
1197:Touwsrivier CPV Solar Project
1080:Koeberg Nuclear Power Station
1054:Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme
738:Kraemer, Susan (2024-09-04).
1645:Economy of the Northern Cape
1192:SlimSun Swartland Solar Park
1187:Redstone Solar Thermal Power
1111:Newcastle Cogeneration Plant
1039:Ingula Pumped Storage Scheme
258:Redstone Solar Thermal Power
22:Redstone Solar Thermal Power
1582:South African energy crisis
1147:Jasper Solar Energy Project
987:Pretoria West Power Station
619:"Nuwe kragaanleg voordelig"
204:Annual net output
1666:
1577:Renewable energy in Africa
1215:Amakhala Emoyeni Wind Farm
1182:Mulilo Sonnedix Prieska PV
912:Bloemfontein Power Station
312:, as demonstrated in the
270:molten salt energy storage
1590:
1420:Seriti Wind Power Station
871:Atomic Energy Corporation
244:
167:
163:
26:
1537:Mount Road Power Station
1350:Loeriesfontein Wind Farm
1142:Droogfontein Solar Power
384:power purchase agreement
1547:Swartkops Power Station
1532:Kroonstad Power Station
1360:Noblesfontein Wind Farm
1295:Golden Valley Wind Farm
1044:Kouga Dam Power Station
927:Grootvlei Power Station
441:Renewable energy portal
181:Nameplate capacity
108:Construction began
1527:Ingagane Power Station
1517:Driehoek Power Station
1450:West Coast 1 Wind Farm
1320:Jeffreys Bay Wind Farm
1116:Port Rex Power Station
1106:Gourikwa Power Station
1101:Ankerlig Power Station
932:Hendrina Power Station
876:Johannesburg Gas Works
803:Energy in South Africa
116:Construction cost
57:Northern Cape Province
1542:Orlando Power Station
1512:Colenso Power Station
1507:Athlone Power Station
1440:Van Stadens Wind Farm
1390:Phezukomoya Wind Farm
1225:Brandvallei Wind Farm
1013:Rooiwal Power Station
972:Matimba Power Station
962:Lethabo Power Station
790:Power in South Africa
485:Relancio, J. (2016).
218:Storage capacity
159:Power generation
1635:Solar thermal energy
1572:Coal in South Africa
1385:Perdekraal Wind Farm
1380:Oyster Bay Wind Farm
1335:Klipheuwel Wind Farm
1305:Grassridge Wind Farm
1290:Gibson Bay Wind Farm
1096:Acacia Power Station
1008:Kelvin Power Station
992:Tutuka Power Station
982:Medupi Power Station
967:Majuba Power Station
957:Kusile Power Station
947:Komati Power Station
942:Kendal Power Station
937:Kelvin Power Station
917:Camden Power Station
461:Solar thermal energy
382:In early 2016, the
344:base rate and R4.58/
320:Announcement in 2015
316:project in the UAE.
194:Capacity factor
1425:Soetwater Wind Farm
1410:San Kraal Wind Farm
1405:Roggeveld Wind Farm
1400:Rietkloof Wind Farm
1355:Metrowind Wind Farm
1310:Hopefield Wind Farm
1300:Gouda Wind Facility
1280:Excelsior Wind Farm
1255:Copperton Wind Farm
1250:Cookhouse Wind Farm
1177:Letsatsi Solar Park
977:Matla Power Station
952:Kriel Power Station
922:Duvha Power Station
907:Arnot Power Station
503:2016AIPC.1734k0002R
427:South Africa portal
230:External links
149:CSP technology
80: /
1370:Noupoort Wind Farm
1245:Coleskop Wind Farm
1137:De Aar Solar Power
172:Units planned
103:Under construction
1622:
1621:
1555:
1554:
1484:
1483:
1445:Waainek Wind Farm
1395:Red Cap Wind Farm
1325:Kangans Wind Farm
1265:Darling Wind Farm
1172:Lesedi Solar Park
884:
883:
512:10.1063/1.4949199
266:solar power tower
255:
254:
153:Solar power tower
84:28.300°S 23.350°E
1657:
1610:
1609:
1598:
1597:
1497:
1365:Nojoli Wind Farm
1340:Khobab Wind Farm
1330:Karusa Wind Farm
1275:Dorper Wind Farm
1260:De Aar Wind Farm
1230:Castle Wind Farm
1220:Aurora Wind Farm
1157:Kathu Solar Park
897:
835:
813:Renewable energy
784:
777:
770:
761:
754:
753:
751:
750:
735:
724:
723:
716:
710:
709:
702:
696:
695:
688:
682:
681:
679:
678:
663:
654:
653:
651:
650:
636:
630:
629:
627:
625:
615:
609:
601:
595:
594:
592:
590:
585:. 8 January 2015
579:
573:
572:
565:
559:
558:
551:
545:
544:
537:
531:
530:
523:
517:
516:
514:
482:
443:
438:
437:
429:
424:
423:
422:
378:Delay since 2016
248:edit on Wikidata
239:redstone csp ipp
134:Solar farm
95:
94:
92:
91:
90:
85:
81:
78:
77:
76:
73:
19:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1586:
1551:
1491:
1480:
1464:
1435:Umoya Wind Farm
1375:Nxuba Wind Farm
1345:Kouga Wind Farm
1285:Garob Wind Farm
1240:Coega Wind Farm
1235:Chaba Wind Farm
1201:
1120:
1084:
1068:
1064:Vanderkloof Dam
1017:
996:
891:
880:
859:
830:
824:
791:
788:
758:
757:
748:
746:
737:
736:
727:
718:
717:
713:
704:
703:
699:
690:
689:
685:
676:
674:
665:
664:
657:
648:
646:
644:www.eskom.co.za
638:
637:
633:
623:
621:
617:
616:
612:
602:
598:
588:
586:
581:
580:
576:
567:
566:
562:
553:
552:
548:
539:
538:
534:
529:. 4 April 2018.
525:
524:
520:
484:
483:
479:
474:
447:
446:
439:
432:
425:
420:
418:
413:
380:
354:
322:
251:
225:
198:54.8% (planned)
89:-28.300; 23.350
88:
86:
82:
79:
74:
71:
69:
67:
66:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1663:
1661:
1653:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1627:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1604:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1501:
1494:
1492:power stations
1490:Decommissioned
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1462:
1460:Wolf Wind Farm
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1415:Sere Wind Farm
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1162:KaXu Solar One
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1022:Hydro-electric
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1004:
1002:
998:
997:
995:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
903:
901:
894:
892:power stations
886:
885:
882:
881:
879:
878:
873:
867:
865:
861:
860:
858:
857:
852:
847:
841:
839:
832:
826:
825:
823:
822:
821:
820:
810:
805:
799:
797:
793:
792:
789:
787:
786:
779:
772:
764:
756:
755:
725:
711:
697:
683:
671:solarpaces.org
655:
631:
610:
596:
574:
560:
546:
543:. 7 June 2021.
532:
518:
476:
475:
473:
470:
469:
468:
463:
458:
453:
445:
444:
430:
415:
414:
412:
409:
379:
376:
353:
350:
321:
318:
310:John Cockerill
253:
252:
245:
242:
241:
236:
232:
231:
227:
226:
223:
220:
214:
213:
206:
200:
199:
196:
190:
189:
183:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
64:
60:
59:
42:
38:
37:
32:
28:
27:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1662:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1615:
1614:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1487:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1167:Khi Solar One
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1059:Steenbras Dam
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1003:
999:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
904:
902:
898:
895:
893:
887:
877:
874:
872:
869:
868:
866:
862:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
842:
840:
836:
833:
831:organisations
829:Companies and
827:
819:
816:
815:
814:
811:
809:
808:Nuclear power
806:
804:
801:
800:
798:
794:
785:
780:
778:
773:
771:
766:
765:
762:
745:
741:
734:
732:
730:
726:
721:
715:
712:
707:
701:
698:
693:
687:
684:
672:
668:
662:
660:
656:
645:
641:
635:
632:
620:
614:
611:
607:
600:
597:
584:
578:
575:
570:
564:
561:
556:
550:
547:
542:
536:
533:
528:
522:
519:
513:
508:
504:
500:
497:(1): 110002.
496:
492:
488:
481:
478:
471:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
448:
442:
436:
431:
428:
417:
410:
408:
406:
401:
399:
395:
390:
387:
385:
377:
375:
373:
370:
366:
363:
359:
351:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
319:
317:
315:
314:Noor Energy 1
311:
307:
303:
299:
298:Solar Reserve
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:Northern Cape
279:
275:
272:, located in
271:
267:
263:
259:
249:
243:
240:
237:
233:
228:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
205:
201:
197:
195:
191:
188:
184:
182:
178:
174:
171:
170:
166:
162:
157:
154:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
132:
129:
126:
122:
119:$ 715 million
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
93:
65:
61:
58:
54:
50:
46:
43:
39:
36:
33:
29:
25:
20:
1612:
1599:
1186:
1132:Bokpoort CSP
747:. Retrieved
743:
714:
700:
686:
675:. Retrieved
673:. 2018-04-04
670:
647:. Retrieved
643:
634:
622:. Retrieved
613:
599:
587:. Retrieved
577:
563:
549:
535:
521:
494:
490:
480:
402:
394:SolarReserve
391:
388:
381:
355:
326:SolarReserve
323:
306:Brightsource
286:South Africa
261:
257:
256:
35:South Africa
1089:Oil and gas
818:Solar power
274:Postmasburg
87: /
63:Coordinates
49:Tsantsabane
45:Postmasburg
1629:Categories
1034:Gariep Dam
1001:Metro Coal
900:Eskom Coal
749:2024-09-21
744:SolarPACES
677:2019-06-14
649:2016-08-19
472:References
405:heliostats
352:Technology
330:ACWA Power
284:Region of
222:1,200 MW·h
128:ACWA Power
1049:Ncora Dam
290:megawatts
280:, in the
278:Kimberley
212:(planned)
1601:Category
1152:Kalkbult
411:See also
124:Owner(s)
41:Location
1613:Commons
1073:Nuclear
864:Defunct
838:Current
796:Sectors
499:Bibcode
367:and 96
276:, near
264:) is a
235:Website
75:23°21′E
72:28°18′S
31:Country
890:Active
624:8 June
589:8 June
398:SEPCO3
372:Jasper
365:Lesedi
294:REIPPP
100:Status
1560:Other
1469:Other
1125:Solar
845:Eskom
302:Eskom
268:with
246:[
1500:Coal
1207:Wind
626:2015
591:2015
495:1734
358:MW·h
338:MW·h
334:MW·h
308:and
262:RSTP
210:GW·h
208:480
185:100
139:Type
111:2021
507:doi
346:kWh
342:kWh
143:CSP
51:),
1631::
742:.
728:^
669:.
658:^
642:.
505:.
489:.
369:MW
362:MW
187:MW
55:,
783:e
776:t
769:v
752:.
722:.
708:.
694:.
680:.
652:.
628:.
593:.
571:.
557:.
515:.
509::
501::
260:(
250:]
224:e
175:1
47:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.