86:
238:
44:
63:
533:
now has worldwide distribution. It is regarded as native to both North
America and Eurasia, but this is debated and it appears that the populations in North America are made up of a mixture of cultivars of both those that were introduced from Europe and indigenous varieties.
1112:
399:– such as 'Castor' and 'Feesey'. The latter has a pink tinge to the leaves. When grown, although drought-tolerant, it likes abundant water and can even be grown as an aquatic plant.
371:
are up to 30 centimetres (12 in) long. The spikelets are light green, often streaked with darker green or purple. This is a perennial grass which spreads underground by its thick
747:
1049:
Marten, G. C.; Jordan, R. M.; Hovin, A. W. (1976). "Biological
Significance of Reed Canarygrass Alkaloids and Associated Palatability Variation to Grazing Sheep and Cattle".
716:
1457:
1682:
1558:
798:
981:
Woods, D. L.; Hovin, A. W.; Marten, G. C. (1979). "Seasonal
Variation of Hordenine and Gramine Concentrations and Their Heritability in Reed Canarygrass".
1854:
1834:
1369:
1819:
1483:
1408:
653:
644:
466:; however, N,N-DMT is considered most desirable. Although the concentrations of these compounds is lower than in other potential sources, such as
1799:
1643:
1594:
267:
that commonly forms extensive single-species stands along the margins of lakes and streams and in wet open areas, with a wide distribution in
1829:
1093:
929:
608:
1859:
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703:
Fire
Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory
1779:
1294:
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1794:
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70:
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1488:
1789:
1545:
649:
591:
1864:
1669:
1470:
1219:
1196:
1824:
1733:
1656:
1563:
791:
1839:
1519:
1009:
85:
1599:
1177:
600:
1661:
815:
Wilkinson, S. (1958). "428. 5-Methoxy-N-methyltryptamine: a new indole alkaloid from
Phalaris arundinacea L".
1804:
1356:
1361:
1335:
729:
1330:
1234:
1139:
1309:
1224:
1128:
212:
1413:
635:
1348:
694:
1586:
1268:
1058:
621:
515:
876:
403:
332:
52:
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896:
425:
power stations. Furthermore, it provides fibers which find use in pulp and papermaking processes.
1751:
1648:
1343:
1260:
858:
767:
558:
468:
447:
80:
1743:
402:
Reed canary grass grows well on poor soil and contaminated industrial sites, and researchers at
1462:
1607:
1242:
1089:
994:
925:
921:
710:
604:
474:
322:
1710:
1070:
522:. The grass propagates by seed and rhizome, and once established, is difficult to eradicate.
1612:
1501:
1086:
The alkaloids Volume 4, A review of the literature published between July 1972 and June 1973
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1031:
990:
820:
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189:
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312:
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261:
123:
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237:
1635:
1630:
566:
110:
43:
1687:
1322:
1035:
672:
1773:
1496:
842:
406:'s Contaminated Land & Water Centre have suggested it as the ideal candidate for
280:
228:
136:
1120:
1756:
1247:
968:
Grass weeds / 2, Weeds of the subfamilies 'Chloridoideae', 'Pooideae', 'Oryzoideae'
411:
1400:
1387:
1674:
1511:
1201:
1188:
1720:
1550:
1532:
1421:
1171:
1022:
Smith, Terence A. (1977). "Review: Tryptamine and
Related Compounds in Plants".
241:
149:
17:
502:, particularly in disturbed areas. It has been reported as an invasive weed in
1088:. (Specialist Periodical Reports). London: The Chemical Society. p. 130.
503:
364:
264:
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1317:
1281:
570:
562:
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384:
1700:
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421:
The grass can also easily be turned into bricks or pellets for burning in
1695:
1571:
1211:
1156:
881:(reed canarygrass) with live willow stakes: A density-dependent response.
824:
372:
179:
862:
478:, large enough quantities of the grass can be refined to make an ad hoc
1374:
1255:
1013:
547:
499:
368:
169:
916:
Batzer, Darold P.; Sharitz, Rebecca R. (2006). "Wetland
Restoration".
1426:
1129:
Jepson Manual
Treatment - taxonomy and distribution within California
507:
436:
276:
268:
159:
1133:
395:, including variegated (striped) cultivars – sometimes called
1449:
1286:
245:
236:
97:
1273:
920:. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. p.
768:"Candidate crops for contaminated land biofuels crop considered"
360:
272:
1137:
432:
514:
invades a wetland, it inhibits native vegetation and reduces
359:
The stems can reach 2 metres (6.6 ft) in height. The
510:, and other wetland habitat types around the world. When
901:) as a biological model in the study of plant invasions.
796:) as raw material for production of paper pulp and fuel.
446:
may also be used as a source for the psychedelic drugs
1146:
841:Apfelbaum, Stephen I.; Sams, Charles E. (1997).
8:
970:. Documenta. Basel, Switzerland: CIBA-Geigy.
918:Ecology of freshwater and estuarine wetlands
836:
834:
715:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
843:"Ecology and control of reed canary grass (
590:Lee, Sangtae; Chang, Kae Sun, eds. (2015).
283:. Other common names for the plant include
1134:
966:Häfliger, Ernst; Scholz, Hildemar (1980).
61:
42:
31:
995:10.2135/cropsci1979.0011183X001900060026x
817:Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed)
1071:10.2134/agronj1976.00021962006800060017x
792:Use of biomass from reed canary grass (
743:
741:
654:United States Department of Agriculture
645:Germplasm Resources Information Network
582:
1084:Saxton, J. Edwin; et al. (1974).
895:Lavergne, S. and J. Molofsky. (2004).
708:
593:English Names for Korean Native Plants
363:blades are usually green, but may be
7:
1734:b2f88216-d903-4e8c-ae25-b1ecc00fa4cf
1587:284baae2-9c6f-42ac-9bc9-bf223ce88a46
688:
686:
684:
542:Specimens contain varying levels of
1008:Pennanen, Petrus (December 1995).
904:Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
25:
565:and related compounds. Levels of
1662:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415571-1
84:
1855:Psychedelic tryptamine carriers
1835:Herbal and fungal hallucinogens
790:Andersson, B. and E. Lindvall.
244:, garden of Islington College,
1820:Garden plants of North America
391:have been selected for use as
1:
1800:Bunchgrasses of North America
1036:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86778-3
650:Agricultural Research Service
1830:Grasses of the United States
805:internationalgrasslands.org.
1860:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
875:Kim, K. D., et al. (2006).
693:Waggy, Melissa, A. (2010).
1881:
1780:NatureServe secure species
573:have also been reported.
218:
211:
81:Scientific classification
79:
59:
50:
41:
34:
1850:Plants described in 1753
766:Bond, Sam (2010-02-23).
601:Korea National Arboretum
458:(bufotenin), as well as
1845:Phytoremediation plants
1815:Garden plants of Europe
845:Phalaris arundinacea L.
518:. It alters the entire
1795:Bunchgrasses of Europe
1785:Bunchgrasses of Africa
1121:USDA Plants Database:
884:Ecological Engineering
678:USDA NRCS Plant Guide.
248:
1810:Garden plants of Asia
1010:"Tryptamine Carriers"
851:Natural Areas Journal
431:is also planted as a
240:
1790:Bunchgrasses of Asia
1577:Phalaris~arundinacea
1349:Phalaris arundinacea
1178:Phalaris arundinacea
1148:Phalaris arundinacea
1123:Phalaris arundinacea
1115:Phalaris arundinacea
950:(reed canary grass)"
948:Phalaris arundinacea
899:Phalaris arundinacea
879:Phalaris arundinacea
825:10.1039/jr9580002079
794:Phalaris arundinacea
749:Phalaris arundinacea
731:Phalaris arundinacea
697:Phalaris arundinacea
674:Phalaris arundinacea
638:Phalaris arundinacea
622:Korea Forest Service
516:biological diversity
414:and biodiversity at
253:Phalaris arundinacea
222:Phalaris arundinacea
36:Phalaris arundinacea
1063:1976AgrJ...68..909M
963:citing, inter alia,
897:Reed canary grass (
538:Chemical properties
404:Teesside University
204:P. arundinacea
53:Conservation status
1865:Grasses of Lebanon
801:2016-03-04 at the
469:Psychotria viridis
285:gardener's-garters
249:
1825:Grasses of Canada
1767:
1766:
1608:Open Tree of Life
1140:Taxon identifiers
1095:978-0-85186-287-3
931:978-0-520-24777-2
610:978-89-97450-98-5
475:Mimosa tenuiflora
393:ornamental plants
258:reed canary grass
235:
234:
74:
16:(Redirected from
1872:
1840:Phalaris (plant)
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1551:NBNSYS0000002669
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1165:
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1113:Flora Europaea:
1100:
1099:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1051:Agronomy Journal
1046:
1040:
1039:
1017:
1012:. Archived from
1005:
999:
998:
978:
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632:
626:
625:
619:
617:
598:
587:
496:invasive species
490:In many places,
442:This species of
408:phytoremediation
224:
89:
88:
68:
65:
64:
46:
32:
27:Species of Plant
21:
18:Reed canarygrass
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1509:MichiganFlora:
1508:
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1021:
1016:on 6 July 1997.
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814:
813:
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803:Wayback Machine
789:
785:
776:
774:
765:
764:
760:
746:
739:
735:Flora of China.
728:
724:
707:
692:
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682:
671:
667:
658:
656:
634:
633:
629:
615:
613:
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603:. p. 568.
596:
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567:beta-carbolines
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357:
242:Variegated form
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1805:Flora of Korea
1802:
1797:
1792:
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1757:wfo-0000889610
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1107:External links
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1057:(6): 909–914.
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1024:Phytochemistry
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989:(6): 853–857.
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906:23(5) 415–429.
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531:P. arundinacea
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492:P. arundinacea
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429:P. arundinacea
389:P. arundinacea
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328:caniço-malhado
298:alpiste roseau
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260:, is a tall,
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526:Distribution
511:
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491:
489:
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467:
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435:crop or for
428:
427:
420:
412:soil quality
401:
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396:
388:
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382:
358:
343:
342:
338:hierba cinta
337:
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288:
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1422:iNaturalist
1172:Wikispecies
1030:: 171–175.
886:26 219–227.
599:. Pocheon:
504:floodplains
355:Description
344:pasto cinto
275:, northern
176:Subfamily:
150:Commelinids
124:Angiosperms
71:NatureServe
1774:Categories
1741:WisFlora:
1636:kew-433393
1631:Plant List
1232:Calflora:
777:2010-04-17
659:2017-12-15
577:References
553:Leaves of
416:brownfield
365:variegated
333:Portuguese
318:kusa-yoshi
265:bunchgrass
1396:GrassBase
1362:200025869
1336:200025869
1318:FloraBase
755:'Feesey'.
571:hordenine
563:5-MeO-DMT
544:hordenine
520:ecosystem
480:ayahuasca
464:5-MeO-NMT
460:Hordenine
452:5-MeO-DMT
385:cultivars
262:perennial
198:Species:
94:Kingdom:
1729:VicFlora
1718:VASCAN:
1701:25509858
1696:Tropicos
1572:NSWFlora
1538:2.159238
1463:11167416
1450:415571-1
1401:imp07941
1209:BioLib:
1157:Wikidata
956:16 March
863:43910930
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799:Archived
711:cite web
616:12 March
557:contain
500:wetlands
456:5-OH-DMT
444:Phalaris
373:rhizomes
369:panicles
323:Japanese
191:Phalaris
180:Pooideae
166:Family:
137:Monocots
1711:5407174
1520:MoBotPF
1375:5289756
1274:1114732
1256:Ecocrop
1163:Q157419
1059:Bibcode
548:gramine
508:meadows
486:Ecology
423:biomass
418:sites.
349:Spanish
293:English
186:Genus:
170:Poaceae
156:Order:
98:Plantae
69: (
67:Secure
1708:uBio:
1688:1278-3
1644:PLANTS
1613:408214
1584:NZOR:
1525:285212
1502:164064
1310:phaaru
1307:FEIS:
1300:192396
1225:121024
1186:APDB:
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1019:citing
952:. CABI
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494:is an
482:brew.
437:forage
367:. The
335:, and
313:German
303:French
277:Africa
269:Europe
160:Poales
1683:SANBI
1675:12619
1649:PHAR3
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1595:NZPCN
1564:96050
1489:41335
1476:55423
1458:IRMNG
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1344:FoAO2
1295:EUNIS
1287:TYPAR
1248:4FRDZ
1212:42641
1202:66272
1189:52234
859:JSTOR
753:picta
751:var.
597:(PDF)
256:, or
246:Nepal
144:Clade
131:Clade
118:Clade
105:Clade
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1721:7818
1657:POWO
1623:8770
1600:3028
1559:NCBI
1512:2180
1497:IUCN
1484:ITIS
1445:IPNI
1437:6170
1409:GRIN
1383:GISD
1370:GBIF
1282:EPPO
1261:8488
1235:6417
1220:BOLD
1197:APNI
1090:ISBN
958:2020
926:ISBN
717:link
618:2019
605:ISBN
569:and
546:and
472:and
462:and
454:and
379:Uses
361:leaf
341:and
287:and
279:and
273:Asia
1752:WFO
1670:RHS
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1471:ISC
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1323:549
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1243:CoL
1067:doi
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