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one should be set up in
Hannover at the Central Office for Vegetation Mapping of the Reich, i.e. near Tüxen, if it should also remain subordinate to the Kassel Forestry Agency. In August he then apparently handed this staff over directly to Tüxen, with the task of carrying out a vegetation mapping of the entire German Reich. After the major territorial gains of the Axis Powers in Eastern Europe, Tüxen's position was given even more tasks, including mapping the vegetation around the
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as the successor of Todt in his offices and Göring as
Reichsforstmeister were arguing at this time about the utilization of the Tüxen staff for their respective areas. In 1942, Göring demanded that a separate sub-department be set up for the interests of the General Inspector for Water and Energy and
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In 1939, Tüxen achieved a further institutionalization of his field of work: he became head of the newly established
Central Office for Vegetation Mapping of the Reich. In the same year he received an extraordinary professorship at the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover. In addition, he began
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to work at the
Federal Institute for Vegetation Mapping with him on potential natural vegetation. Miyawaki returned to Japan in 1960. He applied the methods of mapping potential natural vegetation and found relicts of ancient forests still present in the vicinity of temples and shrines. Inventorying
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In 1946, Tüxen re-founded the floristic-sociological working group in Lower Saxony, now under the name of the floristic-sociological working group, of which he remained chairman until 1971 and whose work he decisively determined. The working group became one of the largest botanical organizations in
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enabled him to leave the military in the same year and return to his work. The basis was presumably a decision that
Hermann Göring had already made in June 1939 in his role as Reichsforstmeister: jobs for vegetation mapping were to be integrated into the forest management offices. The most important
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ideology, and which corresponded best to the existing climatic and soil conditions. The aim was to keep the maintenance effort for the planted vegetation as low as possible due to the resilience based on the selection. The selection was based on ideological and scientific criteria. Organizationally,
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on the subject of grassland associations in
Northwest Germany. There, in May 1931, he founded the department for theoretical and applied plant sociology at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover. Even in this early phase of his work, Tüxen worked intensively on vegetation mapping, which was
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In 1937, Tüxen published The Plant
Societies of Northwest Germany, which remained a standard work for plant sociologists in the region and in the Netherlands for decades. In 1938 the floristic-sociological working group in Lower Saxony was merged into the German working group for plant sociology as
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After WWII the central office for the vegetation mapping of the Reich was transferred to the
Federal Institute for Vegetation Mapping. In the immediate post-war period, Tüxen was able to fend off several attempts to close the facility with the help of foreign research colleagues and Tüxen remained
182:, where the Nordschau, one of our rural beech forests, was one of our most intimate play and discovery areas in his childhood belonged to. This childlike character was at the beginning of a scientific career that ultimately made Reinhold Tüxen one of the pioneers of plant sociology. Tüxen put 1917
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Before that, he was involved in the planning of the Nazi party rally grounds in
Nuremberg. In 1936/1937, Tüxen made suggestions for the selection of the lawn mixture, which had to be optimally adapted to the loads of the marches carried out there, as well as for the planting of the area. I.a. his
277:, the inspector general for German roads who was responsible for motorway construction under Adolf Hitler, relied on Tüxen. When Todt was ordered to accelerate the construction of the western wall in 1938, Tüxen also used his methods and suggestions for planting and thus camouflaging the bunkers.
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an der Weser due to increasing air raids on
Hannover. Tüxen's work in connection with the research squadron, e.g. V.This particular unit had the task of exploring hard-to-reach regions for troops in order to provide the military command with terrain information. The Central Office for Vegetation
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to remain one of his most important scientific tools throughout his life, and laid the foundations for his pioneering work in the field of plant sociology. By 1934, he and his colleagues completed a vegetation mapping of large parts of northern Germany on 75 map sheets at a scale of 1: 25,000.
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Tüxen mapped the flora at Auschwitz for the plan of the SS model city of Auschwitz, as a pilot project for the integration of a conquered city. Here "German plants" were to form a border between the residential city and the extermination camp. However, in 1942 he was removed as chairman of the
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part of the coordination of numerous organizations in the German Reich. Tüxen initially remained chairman of the working group, but was replaced by Erwin Aichinger in 1941 due to a lack of NSDAP membership and alleged political unreliability. In 1942 the working group was forced to dissolve.
226:. In 1927, he founded the Floristic-Sociological Working Group in Lower Saxony in Göttingen, which was expressly intended to bring together scientists and interested laypeople, and from 1928 onwards it published its own journal, the communications of the Floristic-Sociological Working Group.
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and in Montpellier. The contact with Braun-Blanquet, who is considered to be the actual founder of plant sociology, is likely to have shaped the further direction of Tüxen's entire work. Over the following decades they were both close friends and together they went on several research trips.
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The aim was to systematize the plant society of Russia in relation to forests, grassland and arable weed societies. For this purpose, the entire staff of the department for theoretical and applied plant sociology of the veterinary university and the central office should be fully deployed.
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A. Schmidt: Gleichgeschaltete Landschaft – zum Umgang mit Natur und Landschaft beim Bau des Reichsparteitagsgeländes in Nürnberg. In: N. Franke, K. Werk (Hrsg.): Naturschutz am ehemaligen Westwall. NS-Großanlagen im Diskurs. Geisenheimer Beiträge zur Kulturlandschaft Bd. 1). Mainz 2016.
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A. Seifert: Ein Leben für die Landschaft. Düsseldorf, Köln 1962. S. 71/72; R. Tüxen: Aus der Arbeitsstelle für theoretische und angewandte Pflanzensoziologie der Tierärztl. Hochschule Hannover. Ein Tätigkeitsbericht von Reinhold Tüxen. (Sonderdruck aus dem 92. und 93. Jahresbericht der
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vote for an oak-birch forest led to the planting of around 42,000 deciduous trees, mostly oaks between the ages of 2–60 years. They replaced parts of the older park and local recreation facility. In addition, Tüxen recommended planting gorse, aspen, and birch to give the newly created
261:, who, as a realm landscape attorney, was supposed to connect the planned motorways with the German landscape, needed a botanist. This first had to map the existing vegetation of the planned routes. Then Tüxen should take into account in his proposals which plants should be considered
257:. Looking back, Tüxen said that this task marked the breakthrough in German plant sociology as a discipline. He was able to correlate scientific objectives with practical requirements by inferring from his results the optimal economic use of an area (e.g. grassland management).
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R. Tüxen: Aus der Arbeitsstelle für theoretische und angewandte Pflanzensoziologie der Tierärztl. Hochschule Hannover. Ein Tätigkeitsbericht von Reinhold Tüxen. (Sonderdruck aus dem 92. und 93. Jahresbericht der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Hannover). Hannover 1942. S.
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A 1: 1 million vegetation mapping of occupied Russia is to be drawn up in conjunction with Provincial Councilor Niemeyer from Planning East by the Reich Ministry for Armaments and Munitions . Field work is scheduled to begin on 1 May 1943. The preparatory work has already
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camp a forest-like character. In 1937 at the latest there was a substantive relationship with the forest administration. Because on 25 October 1937, the examination subject plant sociology was introduced into the new study regulations for forest science. According to
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the implementation of this project, since he could recognize in no meaning for the war success. This resistance did not last long, however, because on 11 March 1943 the following tasks and projects were classified or legitimized as important to the war effort.
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H. Singer (Hrsg.): Entwicklung und Einsatz der Organisation Todt. Bd. I und II. (Quellen zur Geschichte der Organisation Todt). Osnabrück 1998. S. 3/ Brief: W. Hirsch an A. Seifert vom 8.3.1939. 3 S. Akte F1b/130. Bestand A. Seifert in der TU München. S.
190:. In 1926, shortly after receiving his doctorate in Biology, he married Johanna Berger from Haltingen. The marriage had three sons: Jes Tüxen (1929–2015), who was to become an important moor botanist, Fritz Tüxen and Hans Tüxen. The family lived first in
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Mapping had the task of evaluating the aerial photographs obtained by the research team. For example, it was about assessing the extent to which a terrain is suitable for heavy armored vehicles, or about the possibility of military camouflage on site.
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In 1964, Tüxen retired, but carried on plant sociological research in his new place of residence in the Rinteln district of Todenmann and remained in lively exchange with the international research community in this field. He died in 1980.
310:. He noted himself: In the vicinity of Auschwitz (East Upper Silesia) a vegetation mapping was made of a larger area as the basis for the reorganization of all economic conditions. (* 24, editor, Miss von Rochow, Sauer, Tx., 1:25 000).
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69:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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Plant-sociological advice on camouflage work on the Atlantic, Channel and North Sea coasts and possibly the Mediterranean coast, which were started in November 1942 for Belgium and northern France.
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The Reinhold-Tüxen-Gesellschaft, the Reinhold-Tüxen-Preis of the city of Rinteln, the trade journal Tuexenia, as well as the Reinhold-und-Johanna-Tüxen-Stiftung are named after him.
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Bundesamt für Naturschutz (Hrsg.): Natur und Staat. Staatlicher Naturschutz in Deutschland 1906–2006. (Naturschutz und Biologische Vielfalt Heft 35). Bearb. v. H.-W. Frohn und
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It gave Tüxen access to the elites of the Third Reich and was decisive for his personal advancement, as well as for that of the subject of plant sociology in Germany.
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Ein Tätigkeitsbericht von Reinhold Tüxen. (Sonderdruck aus dem 92. und 93. Jahresbericht der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Hannover). Hannover 1942. S. 65/66
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Germany, the consortium's communications have been published under the name Tuexenia since his death. Tüxen worked as an editor on the journal Vegetatio (today:
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Abschrift: Der Generalinspektor für das deutsche Straßenwesen Nr. 2228/3-59 A 20.40. Berlin W8, den 4. Februar 1939. Streckenkartierung und Ingenieurbiologie.
406:. In particular, it includes around 25,000 partly handwritten and unpublished vegetation photographs from Tüxen and his staff. In 2003 these were digitized.
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550:. Dendrologe und Gartenbauschriftsteller. Eine Studie zu seinem Leben und Werk. (Materialien zur Geschichte der Gartenkunst Bd. 4). Berlin 1998. S. 62;
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In 2021, his work at Auschwitz has been criticized to exemplify the incidental juxtaposition of conservation and systematic extinction of human life.
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Der Reichsforstmeister II /P7062 an den Herrn Reichsminister für Finanzen in Berlin. Berlin, den 25. August 1939. In: Bundesarchiv R 2 RFM 4740. S. 1
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N. Franke: Der Westwall in der Landschaft. Aktivitäten des Naturschutzes in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus und seine Akteure. Mainz 2015. S. 63/64
72:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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its head until 1962, when the Federal Institute was transferred to the Federal Research Institute for Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology.
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Tüxen studied from 1919 to 1925, initially also art, but then focused on chemistry, botany and geology in Heidelberg, then plant sociology with
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561:: Der Westwall in der Landschaft. Aktivitäten des Naturschutzes in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus und seine Akteure. Mainz 2015. S. 45
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222:, however, with a classical chemical thesis summa cum laude. From 1925 he built the Provincial Agency for Nature Conservation at the
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with a thesis on 1,5-naphthalene disulfone hydrazide and 1,5-naphthalene disulfonazide and its behavior towards malonic esters with
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Lüthge). He grew up in the rural north of Schleswig-Holstein, in the Schleiregion of fishing, between the cities of Schleswig and
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Der Reichsforstmeister an den Reichsminister für Finanzen. Berlin W 8, den 11. März 1943. In: Bundesarchiv R 2 RFM 4740. S. 1/2
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Der Reichsforstmeister an den Reichsminister für Finanzen. Berlin W 8, den 11. März 1943. In: Bundesarchiv R 2 RFM 4740. S. 2
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Der Reichsforstmeister an den Reichsminister für Finanzen. Berlin W 8, den 11. März 1943. In: Bundesarchiv R 2 RFM 4740. S. 1
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in Berlin. B 349.51-1. Berlin W8, den 12. Oktober 1942. In: Bundesarchiv R 2 RFM 4740. S. 1/ Siehe auch Anlage des Dokuments
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over 10,000 sites throughout Japan, he was able to identify potential flora affected by different types of human activity.
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Tüxen's estate, which the state of Lower Saxony acquired after his death, is kept in the Institute for Geobotany at the
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290:'s will, the forest trainees were to learn which tree species could be used to rejuvenate and reforest German forests.
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The mappings in the forest area have been suspended. In 1943 the headquarters of the central office was relocated to
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in Germany. His botanical author's abbreviation is Tüxen; in plant sociology, the abbreviation Tx. is also in use.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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When the Second World War broke out, Tüxen was drafted into military service. However, the protection of the
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Reinhold Tüxen was born as the son of the teacher Hermann Christian Tüxen and his wife Anna Catharina Tüxen (
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Aus der Arbeitsstelle für theoretische und angewandte Pflanzensoziologie der Tierärztl. Hochschule Hannover.
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Aus der Arbeitsstelle für theoretische und angewandte Pflanzensoziologie der Tierärztl. Hochschule Hannover.
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German Roads, which he should finance himself. However, actually prevented until 1943, the Finance Minister
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Der Reichsforstmeister. Zeichen II 4529. Berlin, den … Juni 1939. . In: Bundesarchiv R 2 RFM 4740. S. 1–4
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Ueber 1,5-Naphtalindisulfonhydrazid und 1,5-Naphtalindisulfonazid und dessen Verhalten gegen Malonester
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in Hannover to set up one of the first botanical gardens based on the knowledge of plant sociology.
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495:(Diss. Naturwiss.-math. Fakultät Uni Heidelberg). Otto-Verlag, Heppenheim/Bergstraße 1926, 51 S.
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Der Reichsforstmeister an den Reichsminister für Finanzen. Berlin W 8, den 2. August 1939. In:
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Ein Tätigkeitsbericht von Reinhold Tüxen. (Sonderdruck aus dem 92. und 93. Jahresbericht der
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Ref. V. Knorre/FA3781. Berlin Februar 1943. In: Bundesarchiv R 2 RFM 4740. S. 1
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From 1956 to 1958 Tüxen invited Japanese botanist and expert in plant ecology
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22.10.1939. 4 S. Akte F1b/130. Bestand A. Seifert in der TU München. S. 4
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this resulted in an alliance with National Socialist road construction.
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
778:"Ökologie von rechts - Von der deutschen Nationalromantik bis zur AfD"
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Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Hannover). Hannover 1942. S. 74/75
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Recipients of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
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1977: Dr. hc Faculty of Biology at the University of Freiburg
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Dessau, Germany Flood Map: Elevation Map, Sea Level Rise Map
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Honorary member of the Natural History Societies of Hannover
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Honorary member of the Royal Botanical Society of Belgium
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Mapping of the water intake and abstraction area of the
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Der Reichsforstmeister an den Herrn Reichsminister für
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Honorary member of the Societas Botanica Cechoslovaca
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a machine-translated version of the German article.
454:1979: Honorary citizenship of the city of Rinteln
166:membership and alleged political unreliability.
445:1978: Lower Saxony Prize in the science category
253:(1886–1958) to map the vegetation of the entire
313:In 1942 Tüxen expanded his sphere of activity.
214:In 1926, Tüxen received his doctorate from the
87:accompanying your translation by providing an
49:Click for important translation instructions.
36:expand this article with text translated from
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229:In 1929 he completed his habilitation at the
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439:1976: Alexander von Humboldt Medal in gold
231:University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover
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242:In 1933 he was commissioned by Governor
160:German working group for plant sociology
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424:1959: Dr. hc University of Montpellier
421:1954: Award of the Kiel Culture Prize
238:In the German Reich from 1933 to 1945
16:German botanist and plant sociologist
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451:1979: Dr. hc University of Hannover
448:1978: Dr. hc University of Toulouse
892:Scientists from Schleswig-Holstein
436:1975: Dr. hc University of Giessen
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350:Mapping of the flood area around
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99:{{Translated|de|Reinhold Tüxen}}
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840:Unser Buchenwald im Jahreslauf.
480:Unser Buchenwald im Jahreslauf.
382:), which was founded in 1949.
320:Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
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877:20th-century German botanists
801:J. Braun-Blanquet 1969, S. 8.
784:(in German). 18 November 2021
339:There were also other tasks:
186:now and then participated in
897:Heidelberg University alumni
308:Auschwitz concentration camp
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404:Leibniz University Hannover
132:Reinhold Hermann Hans Tüxen
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61:Machine translation, like
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38:the corresponding article
216:University of Heidelberg
170:Early life and education
819:J. Barkman 1981, S. 90.
198:Early scientific career
108:For more guidance, see
810:Webseite Stadt Rinteln
429:Federal Cross of Merit
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127:Reinhold Tüxen in 1937
303:Reich Forestry Office
224:Landesmuseum Hannover
204:Josias Braun-Blanquet
134:(born 21 May 1899 in
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110:Knowledge:Translation
81:copyright attribution
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887:1980 deaths
882:1899 births
832: [
758:, Bonn 2006
752: [
678: [
555: [
546:C. Vierle:
531: [
247: [
188:World War I
155:Third Reich
153:During the
871:Categories
788:2023-07-03
522:R. Tüxen:
509:R. Tüxen:
468:References
367:After 1945
275:Fritz Todt
263:indigenous
208:ETH Zurich
164:Nazi Party
360:Stolzenau
184:Notabitur
103:talk page
40:in German
331:started.
192:Hannover
79:provide
206:at the
180:Kappeln
140:Rinteln
101:to the
83:in the
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416:Honors
398:Legacy
352:Dessau
136:Ulsnis
842:S. 7.
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63:DeepL
838:in:
606:ISBN
77:must
75:You
56:View
176:née
65:or
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283:SA
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