130:
28:
201:
20:
484:
120:
The futuristic and transparent design of the
Reichstag dome is intended to symbolize Berlin's attempt to move away from a past of Nazism and instead towards a future with a heavier emphasis on a united, democratic Germany. Specifically, it symbolizes that the people are above the government, as was
94:, is visible directly below. A mirrored cone in the center of the dome directs sunlight into the building, and so that visitors can see the working of the chamber. The dome is open to the public and can be reached by climbing two steel spiralling ramps reminiscent of a
165:-esque building, but his original design was rejected, partly due to the unrealistic costs. The design of the dome was at first controversial, but has become accepted as one of Berlin's most important landmarks. It derives from a design by
243:
to the
Soviets in 1945. While the Reichstag building was partially reconstructed in the 1960s as a conference center, the dome was not. Much of the dome and the ornaments that decorated it had been removed by that time.
169:, who had previously suggested a cupola of glass with visitors walking on spiral ways to the top in 1988. His design was added to the information of the competition in 1992, which was won by Foster. Later the
173:
decided that a cupola had to be built and Foster consequently gave up his resistance against it. Foster reused the idea of a spiral walkway within a conical structure for his design for
402:
546:
117:. A large sun shield tracks the movement of the sun electronically and blocks direct sunlight which, would not only cause large solar gain, but also dazzle those below.
536:
208:
The original
Reichstag building was proposed due to a need for a larger parliamentary building. Construction did not immediately begin due to debates between
235:, despite there being little evidence to determine who actually started the fire. The remains of the building and the dome were further demolished with the
158:
55:
541:
576:
566:
551:
353:
142:
556:
236:
463:
377:
561:
174:
497:
571:
488:
213:
129:
102:
27:
113:
to shine through the mirrored cone, the use of artificial lighting is significantly reduced, and thus so are
293:
138:
106:
67:
82:
The
Reichstag dome is a large glass dome with a 360° view of the surrounding Berlin cityscape. The
298:
253:
154:
47:
403:"Touring the Reichstag: How Germany and Sir Norman Foster Gave the Building Back to the Public"
209:
166:
59:
240:
114:
83:
313:
227:
On
February 27, 1933, the plenary chamber of the Reichstag building was destroyed in the
161:
won a commission to design and rebuild the
Reichstag in 1993. Foster originally wanted a
276:
200:
318:
228:
530:
338:
157:
should be rebuilt along with a new dome that emphasized a unified
Germany. Architect
429:
185:
95:
63:
19:
221:
354:"The Reichstag Dome – A Sculpture of Light Above Government in Berlin, Germany"
232:
184:
The dome was designed and constructed by
Austrian steel and glass specialists
87:
512:
499:
443:
217:
170:
91:
333:
483:
189:
110:
71:
224:, was chosen to design the building, which featured a very large dome.
162:
178:
150:
51:
199:
128:
40:
26:
18:
70:. The distinctive appearance of the dome has made it a prominent
146:
43:
216:
members. In 1894, after an architectural contest, the winner,
16:
Glass dome on top of the
Reichstag building in Berlin, Germany
444:"Reichstag Dome – Waagner Biro / Steel and Glass facades"
204:
The
Reichstag before the war with original dome in 1895.
424:
422:
101:The glass dome was also designed by Foster to be
8:
188:. The steel and glass were joined by using
547:Rebuilt buildings and structures in Berlin
382:fp-corporatewebsite-prod.azurewebsites.net
271:
269:
314:"Berlin: A Smooth Ride With Solar Energy"
153:, it was also decided that the original
265:
237:bombings of Berlin through World War II
537:Government buildings completed in 1999
334:"Deutschland, Deutschland uber alles"
7:
288:
286:
133:Spiral walkway inside the glass dome
465:Discovering Silicones Documentation
46:constructed on top of the rebuilt
14:
23:The Reichstag glass dome in 2019.
482:
542:Government buildings with domes
54:. It was designed by architect
577:1999 establishments in Germany
1:
567:Tourist attractions in Berlin
552:Foster and Partners buildings
31:Interior of the dome in 2004.
143:decision to move the capital
121:not the case during Nazism.
593:
557:Lattice shell structures
277:"Reichstag dome, Berlin"
139:reunification of Germany
103:environmentally friendly
68:reunification of Germany
430:"Reichstag: Glass Dome"
231:, an act blamed on the
205:
134:
32:
24:
513:52.51861°N 13.37611°E
294:"The eagle has risen"
203:
132:
30:
22:
562:Landmarks in Germany
491:at Wikimedia Commons
509: /
432:. A View on Cities.
378:"Foster + Partners"
572:Reichstag building
518:52.51861; 13.37611
468:, Wacker Chemie AG
322:. January 6, 2004.
299:Guardian Unlimited
254:Symbolism of domes
206:
181:some years later.
155:Reichstag building
135:
58:, from an idea of
48:Reichstag building
33:
25:
487:Media related to
358:The Pinnacle List
302:. April 19, 1999.
239:and the eventual
210:Otto von Bismarck
66:to symbolize the
584:
524:
523:
521:
520:
519:
514:
510:
507:
506:
505:
502:
486:
470:
469:
460:
454:
453:
451:
450:
440:
434:
433:
426:
417:
416:
414:
413:
398:
392:
391:
389:
388:
374:
368:
367:
365:
364:
350:
344:
343:
342:. April 2, 2001.
330:
324:
323:
310:
304:
303:
290:
281:
280:
273:
115:carbon emissions
107:energy efficient
84:debating chamber
592:
591:
587:
586:
585:
583:
582:
581:
527:
526:
517:
515:
511:
508:
503:
500:
498:
496:
495:
479:
474:
473:
462:
461:
457:
448:
446:
442:
441:
437:
428:
427:
420:
411:
409:
400:
399:
395:
386:
384:
376:
375:
371:
362:
360:
352:
351:
347:
332:
331:
327:
312:
311:
307:
292:
291:
284:
275:
274:
267:
262:
250:
198:
127:
80:
62:, and built by
52:Berlin, Germany
17:
12:
11:
5:
590:
588:
580:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
529:
528:
493:
492:
489:Reichstag dome
478:
477:External links
475:
472:
471:
455:
435:
418:
393:
369:
345:
325:
319:Deutsche Welle
305:
282:
264:
263:
261:
258:
257:
256:
249:
246:
241:fall of Berlin
229:Reichstag fire
197:
194:
167:Gottfried Böhm
126:
123:
109:; in allowing
79:
76:
60:Gottfried Böhm
37:Reichstag dome
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
589:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
534:
532:
525:
522:
490:
485:
481:
480:
476:
467:
466:
459:
456:
445:
439:
436:
431:
425:
423:
419:
408:
404:
401:Martin, Guy.
397:
394:
383:
379:
373:
370:
359:
355:
349:
346:
341:
340:
339:New Statesman
335:
329:
326:
321:
320:
315:
309:
306:
301:
300:
295:
289:
287:
283:
278:
272:
270:
266:
259:
255:
252:
251:
247:
245:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
202:
196:Original dome
195:
193:
191:
187:
182:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
159:Norman Foster
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
131:
124:
122:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
99:
97:
93:
89:
86:of Germany's
85:
77:
75:
74:in the city.
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
56:Norman Foster
53:
49:
45:
42:
38:
29:
21:
494:
464:
458:
447:. Retrieved
438:
410:. Retrieved
406:
396:
385:. Retrieved
381:
372:
361:. Retrieved
357:
348:
337:
328:
317:
308:
297:
226:
207:
186:Waagner-Biro
183:
136:
125:Construction
119:
100:
96:double helix
81:
64:Waagner-Biro
36:
34:
516: /
279:. Galinsky.
222:Paul Wallot
531:Categories
504:13°22′34″E
501:52°31′07″N
449:2020-10-22
412:2023-10-08
387:2023-10-08
363:2017-10-04
260:References
233:Communists
220:architect
88:parliament
218:Frankfurt
214:Reichstag
175:City Hall
171:Bundestag
137:With the
92:Bundestag
248:See also
190:silicone
149:back to
141:and the
111:daylight
72:landmark
163:parasol
407:Forbes
179:London
151:Berlin
90:, the
78:Design
145:from
41:glass
39:is a
212:and
147:Bonn
105:and
98:.
44:dome
35:The
177:in
50:in
533::
421:^
405:.
380:.
356:.
336:.
316:.
296:.
285:^
268:^
192:.
452:.
415:.
390:.
366:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
