1103:"And as it is free to anyone to renounce his right and transfer it to another, all the right which is publicly known to pertain to us in the said kingdom as its true heirs, we have given and granted to him by our letters patent, and in order that he may do therein judgment and justice and equity which through default of the prince have utterly failed therein, we have unanimously established and set him up as our king and lord in our kingdom aforesaid, for in our judgment and the common judgment of men he is pious and prudent, humble and chaste, exceedingly temperate, in all things sedate and moderate, and possessing power (God on high be praised) to snatch us mightily from the house of bondage with the help of God and our own justice, and very willing to render to everyone what is due to him of right, and above all is ready to restore entirely to the Church in Ireland the possessions and liberties of which she was damnably despoiled, and he intends to grant greater liberties than ever otherwise she has been wont to have".
828:) and west (also by the Earl of Ulster) of TĂr EĂłgain and to retain his lands, he and some twelve of his vassals and allies jointly asked for aid from Scotland. The Bruce brothers agreed, on condition that Edward would be supported as King of Ireland. The brothers envisaged themselves as separate rulers of Scotland and Ireland. Robert would regain Man and Edward possibly make an attack on Wales, with Welsh support. Their vision included "a grand Gaelic alliance against England" between Scotland and Ireland, both countries having a common heritage, language and culture.
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1001:. Bruce and Ă“ NĂ©ill sacked and burned Coleraine, threw down the bridge over the river Bann and faced off de Burgh's pursuing army on the opposite bank. While both sides now were experiencing shortages of food and supplies, Bruce and Ă“ NĂ©ill could at least draw support from local lords such as Ă“ Cathain and Ă“ Floinn. Mindful of this, de Burgh eventually withdrew back forty miles to Antrim, while Butler had to return to Ormond due to lack of supplies.
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993:. The Scots-Irish army was located at Inniskeen, ten miles north. In between Sliabh Breagh and Inniskeen was the village of Louth. De Burgh moved his army north of Louth and set up camp while his cousin, William Liath de Burgh attempted to ambush Bruce's forces. While some skirmishing did result in a number of Scots deaths, Bruce refused to give battle and instead, with the Ă“ NĂ©ill, retreated northwards to
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1032:, i.e., a fight – garrisoned Nobber on the 30th, and advanced to Kells, where he was met by Mortimer. Mortimer had managed to raise a large force consisting both of his Anglo-Irish and Gaelic vassals, in addition to forces of other magnates. At the same time, Bruce was reinforced by Moray who had returned from Scotland with around five hundred fresh troops and supplies. The
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followed: De Burgh found himself deprived of not two but three allies and their armies when his kinsman, Walter mac Walter
Cattach Burke deserted back to Connacht at the head of several hundred men, probably to guard his own estates from the upcoming conflict. Thus, when in August, Bruce and his men crossed the Bann (in four ships supplied by Scots sea captain,
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trilogy, the campaign, and particularly Robert's visit to
Ireland to support his brother, are described at significant length. Edward Bruce is shown as out of his depth during his invasion of Ireland; there may be some truth in this, although the novel could exaggerate his lack of competence and the
1036:
was fought on the sixth or seventh of
November, with Mortimer being decisively defeated by Bruce. Mortimer was forced to retreat to Dublin while his lieutenant, Walter Cusack, held out at Trim. He almost immediately set sail for England to urge Edward II for reinforcements. At the same time, Governor
1004:
In addition to this, Bruce sent separate messages both to King Felim and a rival dynast, Cathal Ua
Conchobair, promising to support them if they withdrew. Cathal managed to return to Connacht and had himself proclaimed king, leaving Felim with no choice but to return to put down his rebellion. Worse
957:
but because of its narrowness Ulster armies had frequently ambushed and been ambushed at the pass. Here he was met by Mac
Duilechain of Clanbrassil and Mac Artain of Iveagh, both of whom had submitted to him at Carrickfergus. Their attempted ambush ended in their defeat and the army pressed on,
800:
to invade
Ireland. There have been several theories as to the motives behind Bruce's campaign in Ireland. One theory proposed for the invasion of Ireland was to drain England of men, materials and finance and even to exploit the resources in Ireland for Scotland's benefit, a second front in the
862:. As King Robert did not yet have a legitimate son, Edward was proclaimed his legal heir and successor as King of Scots and all other titles in case of his death. Edward's invasion fleet also mustered there, having received calls to assemble as far back as at least the previous month.
1098:"And that we may be able to attain our purpose more speedily and fitly in this respect, we call to our help and assistance Edward de Bruyis, illustrious earl of Carrick, brother of Robert by the grace of God most illustrious king of the Scots, who is sprung from our noblest ancestors.
1068:, consuming its supplies entirely and before leaving, razing it to the ground. The only manors left alone belonged to Irish lords intimidated to join him, or that of a junior branch of the de Lacy family who in an effort to gain lands voluntarily joined him.
1111:
have long been evident. The
Declaration of Arbroath was likewise sent to Pope John XXII complaining of mistreatment at English hands. Historian Sean Duffy argues that the author of the Declaration relied heavily on the text of the Remonstrance.
1013:, where on either the first or ninth of September a charge by the Scots-Irish led to his defeat. William Liath was captured and taken as hostage to Scotland by Moray who arrived there on 15 September 1315 to raise more troops,
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took the hostages and lordship of the whole province of Ulster without opposition and they consented to him being proclaimed King of
Ireland and all the Gaels of Ireland agreed to grant him lordship and they called him King of
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835:, received news from Irish sources around this time that an invasion was about to take place, and made his way to Ireland, where he held land mainly in and around the castle and town of
805:, as England relied heavily on Ireland for resources and deprive the English of Irish tax revenues contributing to the war effort. This became critical when King Robert's control of the
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was lost to Norman-backed Scots in
January 1315, opening a threat to the south and southwest of Scotland, and also reopening up a potential source of aid to England from the
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824:(Tyrone), Domnall mac Brian Ă“ NĂ©ill (Donall Ă“ NĂ©ill). Ă“ NĂ©ill had been troubled by Norman incursions to the southeast (the de Verdons), the east (tenants of the
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began to take drastic action to defend Dublin from Bruce, such as levelling entire tenements and churches to use the stones to reinforce their walls.
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962:. The town, another possession of the de Verdon's, was almost totally destroyed with its population, both Anglo-Irish and Gaelic, massacred alike.
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affected
Ireland also, and disease became widespread in his army, causing it to shrink, and he was defeated and killed at the end of 1318 at the
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Finally apprised of the seriousness of the situation, Edward II had on 1 September ordered an assembly of the leading Anglo-Irish, which met at
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709:, Robert the Bruce decided to expand his war against the English by sending an army under his younger brother Edward to invade Ireland. Some
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in Dublin in late October, but no decisive action was taken. On 13 November, Bruce marched further south via Dundalk – where, incredibly,
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After several years of mobile warfare, Bruce and his allies failed to hold areas that they had conquered. His army fed itself by
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leaders also asked him to send an army to help drive the Anglo-Normans out of Ireland, offering to crown his brother
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On 26 May 1315 Edward and his fleet (and more than 5,000 men) landed on the Irish coast at points at and between
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and some twelve fellow northern Kings and lords met Edward Bruce at Carrickfergus and swore fealty to him as
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in 1155 and indirectly ruled much of the eastern part of the island. The country was divided between the
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When Ă“ NĂ©ill approved of conditions for himself and on behalf of his vassals, preparations began.
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1064:(Annaly), the lordship of Gaelic lord O Hanely. Bruce spent Christmas at de Verdon's manor of
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In July, two separate armies opposing Bruce met and assembled at Sliabh Breagh, south of
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945:. This ancient routeway had been for centuries the passage south out of Ulster into the
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The invasion of 1315 also forms the backdrop of a series of novels by Tim Hodkinson,
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This campaign has sometimes been dealt with briefly or not at all in accounts of the
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In late June, Edward proceeded with his army from Carrickfergus along Magh Line (
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At this point Bruce directly or indirectly ruled much of eastern and mid-Ulster.
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for the Western Isles with his son-in-law Walter Stewart, to subjugate them till
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in return. Another reason for the expedition was that supporters of the exiled
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De Burgh retreated back to Connacht, while other Anglo-Irish took refuge in
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and mentioning Edward as King of Ireland. Pope John ignored the request.
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destroying de Verdon's fortress of Castleroache, and on 29 June attacked
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The Greatest Traitor: The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March
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Robert the Bruce's Irish Wars: The Invasions of Ireland 1306–1329
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The Brus; from a collation of the Cambridge and Edinburgh manuscripts
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had claimed a right to take control of Ireland by the papal document
752:(Rory O'Conor) who had been deposed by his son in 1186. Further, the
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The campaign effectively ended with Edward's defeat and death in the
161:
1360:"The Irish Remonstrance: Prototype for the Declaration of Arbroath"
1084:, with the support of Edward's Irish allies sent a remonstrance to
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After sacking and burning Kells, Bruce proceeded to do the same to
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Shama, Simon, "Invasions of Ireland from 1170–1320", BBC – History
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Edward faced by an army led by vassals and confederates of the
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Similarities exist between the 1317 Remonstrance and the 1320
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884:"all the isles, great and small, were brought to his will."
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high king; however, he was defeated by the Normans at the
1329:"Chronology of Key Events in Irish History, 1169 to 1799"
1124:, which caused increasing unpopularity. The pan-European
1865:
List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland
1201:
Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland
843:
where he was taken prisoner and freed to return King
1595:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
1344:"Remonstrance of the Irish Chiefs to Pope John XXII"
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dynasties that survived the Norman invasion and the
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1403:. New York Public Library. Aberdeen, Spalding club.
1958:List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland
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839:. He had previously fought against the Bruces at
666:was a three-year military campaign in Ireland by
2804:Association football in the Republic of Ireland
1151:The campaign is described in books 14 to 16 of
776:In 1258 some of the Gaelic aristocrats elected
682:in 1315 to his defeat and death in 1318 at the
36:
88:Victory for the English and their Irish allies
1438:
820:Added to this was a request for aid from the
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8:
878:, and Glendrum. His brother had sailed from
1567:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
981:. The second consisted of forces raised in
2990:Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland
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796:, King of Scots, sent his younger brother
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33:
1313:Joyce, P.W., "Edward Bruce (1315–1318)",
935:"Innermallan"/"Enderwillane"/Imberdiolan"
698:, and the conflict between the Irish and
2809:Association football in Northern Ireland
2005:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland
1308:
1306:
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1270:
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1009:), de Burgh retreated still further to
975:Richard Ă“g de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
1181:differences between the two brothers.
750:Ruaidri mac Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair
56:The Lordship of Ireland (pink) c. 1300
1418:The Annals of Ulster (UCC.ie / celt)
1346:. Corpus of Electronic Texts Edition.
917:. The Irish annals state that Bruce "
723:competitors for the Crown of Scotland
7:
3101:Military campaigns involving England
977:and his ally, the King of Connacht,
937:in contemporary accounts – between
2034:Tourism in the Republic of Ireland
1809:Economy of the Republic of Ireland
1607:Irish Free State (1922–1937)
1148:, but there are a few exceptions.
854:on 26 April 1315, just across the
833:Roger Mortimer, 3rd Baron Mortimer
692:First War of Scottish Independence
44:First War of Scottish Independence
25:
1819:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn
1207:Annals of Ireland 1162–1370
847:'s royal seal, lost in the rout.
3024:
1988:Tallest buildings and structures
1358:Duffy, Seán (13 December 2022).
678:. It lasted from his landing at
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274:
261:
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1030:"some gave them the right hand"
850:The Scottish Parliament met at
70:(3 years, 4 months and 18 days)
1824:Post-2008 Irish banking crisis
1289:. History Ireland. 31 May 1916
1015:"his ships filled with booty."
900:Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray
1:
1174:The Price of the King's Peace
1146:Wars of Scottish Independence
68:26 May 1315 – 14 October 1318
2889:Northern Ireland flags issue
1840:List of conflicts in Ireland
1584:Southern Ireland (1921–1922)
1315:A Concise History of Ireland
1161:, for his principle patron,
979:Felim mac Aedh Ua Conchobair
27:Medieval campaign in Ireland
1860:Gaelic clothing and fashion
1348:Retrieved on 23 March 2022.
1333:Retrieved on 23 March 2022.
740:By the early 14th century,
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3096:Ireland–Scotland relations
1364:Scottish Historical Review
929:), burning Rathmore, near
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1140:Representation in fiction
1126:Great Famine of 1315–1317
705:After his victory at the
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60:
49:
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37:Bruce campaign in Ireland
1176:, the third part of his
403:of Scottish Independence
285:Sir Thomas de Mandeville
2981:Prostitution (Republic)
1109:Declaration of Arbroath
725:, had fled to Ireland.
339:c. 3,000 men (Connacht)
336:c. 6,000 men (Scotland)
3071:Wars involving Ireland
1850:List of Irish kingdoms
1397:Barbour, John (1856).
909:In early June, Donall
890:, the de Mandevilles,
342:c. 1,400 men (Breifne)
196:Commanders and leaders
3091:Invasions by Scotland
3081:Rebellions in Ireland
2957:Mass media (Republic)
2901:National coat of arms
1789:IRA Northern Campaign
1376:10.3366/shr.2022.0576
1233:, Ian Mortimer, 2004.
1163:Robert II of Scotland
1155:, 1375–77, epic poem
1088:asking him to revoke
969:. One was led out of
782:Battle of Downpatrick
736:Historical background
707:Battle of Bannockburn
690:. It was part of the
649:Edinburgh–Northampton
355:Casualties and losses
3086:Invasions of Ireland
2879:County coats of arms
2771:List of Irish people
1845:List of Irish tribes
1695:Cromwellian conquest
1681:Plantation of Ulster
1612:Ireland (since 1922)
1072:Remonstrance of 1317
1019:Carrickfergus Castle
892:Bissets of the Glens
715:High King of Ireland
345:300 Ships (Scotland)
18:Remonstrance of 1317
2994:in Northern Ireland
2985:in Northern Ireland
2726:Legendary creatures
2639:Traditional singing
2475:Saint Patrick's Day
2110:Republic of Ireland
2039:Tourist attractions
2024:ROI–UK border
2009:of Northern Ireland
1962:in Northern Ireland
1794:IRA Border Campaign
1769:War of Independence
1739:Second Great Famine
1724:Act of Union (1800)
1676:Flight of the Earls
1533:Lordship of Ireland
1468:Republic of Ireland
1331:. CAIN Web Service.
1227:, Sean Duffy, 2004.
1203:, GWS Barrow, 1976.
788:Invasion of Ireland
771:Lordship of Ireland
754:Plantagenet dynasty
556:Invasion of Ireland
550:Ireland (1315–1318)
280:Richard Ă“g de Burgh
224:Fedlim Ă“ Conchobair
188:Lordship of Ireland
110:Kingdom of Scotland
3031:Ireland portal
2349:Skirts and kidneys
1855:List of High Kings
1774:Anglo-Irish Treaty
1714:First Great Famine
1699:Settlement of 1652
1671:Tyrone's Rebellion
1661:Desmond Rebellions
1550:Kingdom of Ireland
1186:Lions of the Grail
1130:Battle of Faughart
822:King of TĂr EĂłgain
730:Battle of Faughart
684:Battle of Faughart
615:Great Raid of 1322
320:Maurice FitzGerald
300:John de Bermingham
176:Kingdom of England
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3061:Conflicts in 1317
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3051:Conflicts in 1315
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1983:Notable buildings
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1287:"History Ireland"
1257:"Annála Connacht"
989:by the Justicier
911:Ă“ NĂ©ill of Tyrone
872:Olderfleet Castle
670:, brother of the
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267:Ualgharg O'Ruairc
258:Donnchad Ă“ Briain
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1078:Domhnall Ă“ NĂ©ill
1037:of Ireland (and
866:Campaign of 1315
794:Robert the Bruce
719:House of Balliol
676:Robert the Bruce
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3023:
3008:
2976:outside Ireland
2947:Historic houses
2915:
2896:Irish Wolfhound
2867:Brighid's Cross
2853:
2824:Gaelic handball
2819:Gaelic football
2790:
2761:Hiberno-Normans
2730:
2643:
2591:
2546:
2527:Hiberno-English
2513:
2458:
2419:
2373:
2279:
2258:
2201:
2183:
2173:
2163:
2104:
2095:Ulster loyalism
2069:
2048:
1966:
1890:
1869:
1828:
1754:Dublin lock-out
1690:Confederate War
1641:Norman invasion
1628:Battles of Tara
1616:
1572:1801–1923
1560:1691–1800
1555:1536–1691
1543:1169–1536
1496:
1483:
1459:
1451:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1311:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1273:
1264:
1255:
1254:
1245:
1240:
1221:, London, 1789.
1197:
1142:
1118:
1074:
1034:Battle of Kells
947:Kingdom of Mide
915:King of Ireland
868:
811:Hiberno-Normans
790:
738:
660:
659:
658:
653:
534:Pass of Brander
467:Stirling Castle
447:Stirling Bridge
406:
402:
399:
397:
324:
260:
251:
245:
234:
228:
217:
211:
178:
170:
104:
80:
69:
55:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3114:
3112:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3043:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2942:Heritage Sites
2939:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2881:
2876:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2800:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2766:Irish diaspora
2763:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2754:Gaelic Ireland
2746:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2653:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2614:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2567:
2562:
2556:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2497:
2495:Rose of Tralee
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2304:List of dishes
2300:
2298:
2291:
2281:
2280:
2275:
2268:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2220:D'Hondt method
2211:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2181:Seanad Éireann
2177:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2114:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1974:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1921:Extreme points
1918:
1913:
1911:Climate change
1908:
1902:
1900:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1729:1803 Rebellion
1726:
1721:
1719:1798 Rebellion
1716:
1711:
1706:
1704:Williamite War
1701:
1692:
1686:1641 Rebellion
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1666:Spanish Armada
1663:
1658:
1656:Tudor conquest
1653:
1648:
1646:Bruce campaign
1643:
1638:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1592:
1591:(1921–present)
1586:
1581:
1579:Irish Republic
1576:
1575:
1574:
1564:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1538:800–1169
1529:Gaelic Ireland
1526:
1521:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1473:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1413:
1412:External links
1410:
1407:
1406:
1389:
1370:(3): 395–428.
1350:
1335:
1320:
1317:, Dublin, 1909
1300:
1278:
1262:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1215:William Camden
1204:
1196:
1193:
1190:The Waste Land
1153:John Barbour's
1141:
1138:
1117:
1116:Defeat in 1318
1114:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1086:Pope John XXII
1082:King of Tyrone
1073:
1070:
1052:, Finnea, the
1043:John de Hothum
927:Six Mile Water
894:, Logans, and
888:Earl of Ulster
867:
864:
826:Earl of Ulster
789:
786:
778:Brian Ua NĂ©ill
768:Hiberno-Norman
744:had not had a
737:
734:
664:Bruce campaign
655:
654:
652:
651:
646:
641:
635:
634:
630:
629:
624:
623:
622:
612:
607:
602:
597:
591:
590:
586:
585:
584:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
552:
551:
547:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
480:
479:
475:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
433:
432:
428:
427:
422:
416:
415:
411:
408:
407:
398:
396:
395:
388:
381:
373:
365:
364:
361:
357:
356:
352:
351:
348:
347:
346:
343:
340:
337:
331:
330:
326:
325:
323:
322:
312:
302:
297:
295:Roger Mortimer
287:
282:
271:
269:
198:
197:
193:
192:
191:
190:
166:
165:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
115:Irish kingdoms
99:
98:
94:
93:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
78:
76:
72:
71:
66:
58:
57:
47:
46:
39:
38:
32:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3113:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3033:
3032:
3019:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2999:Public houses
2997:
2995:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2255:
2254:Peace process
2252:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2184:(upper house)
2182:
2178:
2176:
2174:(lower house)
2172:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2090:Republicanism
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1804:Peace process
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1784:The Emergency
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1764:Easter Rising
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1749:Fenian Rising
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1693:
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1633:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1524:Early history
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1486:
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1477:
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1469:
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1462:
1458:
1455:
1448:
1443:
1441:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1393:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1354:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1309:
1307:
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1301:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1219:Richard Gough
1216:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:Nigel Tranter
1166:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1056:monastery of
1055:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1039:Bishop of Ely
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
991:Edmund Butler
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
963:
961:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
923:
921:
916:
912:
907:
905:
904:Carrickfergus
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
865:
863:
861:
857:
856:North Channel
853:
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
829:
827:
823:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
799:
795:
787:
785:
783:
779:
774:
772:
769:
765:
761:
760:
755:
751:
747:
743:
735:
733:
731:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
703:
701:
700:Anglo-Normans
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
639:Auld Alliance
637:
636:
632:
631:
628:
625:
621:
618:
617:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
592:
588:
587:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
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554:
553:
549:
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545:
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537:
535:
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520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
481:
477:
476:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
434:
430:
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2834:Martial arts
2781:Ulster Scots
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2662:Mythological
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1978:Architecture
1960: /
1833:Other topics
1814:Celtic Tiger
1799:The Troubles
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711:native Irish
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688:County Louth
668:Edward Bruce
663:
661:
555:
509:Loudoun Hill
246:
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207:Edward Bruce
168:
137:West Breifne
127:TĂr Chonaill
113:
102:
97:Belligerents
29:
2972:Place names
2849:Rugby union
2744:Anglo-Irish
2629:Instruments
2485:The Twelfth
2449:Set dancing
2249:LGBT rights
2155:LGBT rights
2085:Nationalism
1651:Black Death
1060:and raided
931:Antrim town
841:Bannockburn
807:Isle of Man
803:ongoing war
605:2nd Berwick
544:Bannockburn
420:1st Berwick
122:TĂr Eoghain
3045:Categories
2873:Cláirseach
2776:Travellers
2634:Rock music
2617:Folk music
2552:Literature
2354:Soda bread
2237:Government
2164:parliament
2161:Oireachtas
2138:Government
2078:Ideologies
1709:Penal Laws
1600:since 1922
1514:Prehistory
1066:Loughsewdy
1054:Cistercian
1026:Parliament
1007:Thomas Dun
620:Old Byland
600:Skaithmuir
561:Moiry Pass
504:Glen Trool
3004:Squatting
2720:Fomorians
2649:Mythology
2519:Languages
2504:Halloween
2480:Bealtaine
2463:Festivals
2454:Stepdance
2359:Spice Bag
2344:Irish fry
2334:Colcannon
2309:Barmbrack
2232:Education
2190:President
2128:Education
2044:Transport
2019:Provinces
1941:Mountains
1916:Coastline
1888:Geography
1779:Civil War
1734:Tithe War
1384:254676295
1238:Footnotes
1211:Britannia
1172:'s novel
1122:pillaging
1076:In 1317,
1058:Abbeylara
995:Coleraine
920:Ireland."
845:Edward II
784:in 1260.
746:high king
732:in 1318.
589:1315–1327
529:River Dee
519:Inverurie
499:Turnberry
494:Loch Ryan
478:1306–1314
431:1297–1304
401:First War
350:c. 20,000
132:AirgĂalla
2962:Monastic
2927:Calendar
2911:Shamrock
2906:Red Hand
2844:Rounders
2509:Wren Day
2443:Sean-nĂłs
2395:Guinness
2339:Drisheen
2215:Assembly
2197:Taxation
2100:Unionism
2067:Politics
2000:Counties
1744:Land War
1636:Clontarf
1632:Glenmama
1506:Timeline
1158:The Brus
987:Leinster
971:Connacht
951:Leinster
792:In 1315
721:, rival
694:against
672:Scottish
633:Treaties
627:Weardale
595:Carlisle
581:Faughart
576:Skerries
539:Roxburgh
472:Earnside
329:Strength
157:UĂ Maine
142:Connacht
75:Location
42:Part of
2932:Castles
2859:Symbols
2829:Hurling
2814:Camogie
2713:Firbolg
2699:Immrama
2692:Echtrai
2622:session
2605:Ballads
2582:Theatre
2571:Gaeilge
2565:Fiction
2500:Samhain
2415:Whiskey
2289:Cuisine
2277:Culture
2227:Economy
2123:Economy
1931:Islands
1906:Climate
1899:Natural
1494:History
1454:Ireland
1195:Sources
1062:Angaile
1050:Granard
983:Munster
960:Dundalk
955:Munster
943:Dundalk
896:Savages
880:Tarbert
817:Irish.
742:Ireland
696:England
644:Corbeil
489:Dalrigh
484:Methven
462:Happrew
452:Falkirk
363:unknown
360:unknown
247:†
230:†
213:†
152:Desmond
147:Thomond
79:Ireland
2937:Cinema
2736:People
2685:Aos SĂ
2672:Ulster
2667:Fenian
2657:Cycles
2587:Triads
2577:Poetry
2560:Annals
2537:Shelta
2490:LĂşnasa
2470:Imbolc
2405:PoitĂn
2385:Coffee
2378:Drinks
2329:Coddle
1995:Cities
1946:Rivers
1936:Loughs
1621:Events
1479:topics
1471:topics
1457:topics
1382:
1293:31 May
1217:; ed.
1080:, the
1011:Connor
999:Armagh
860:Antrim
815:Gaelic
764:Gaelic
748:since
566:Connor
524:Buchan
514:Slioch
457:Roslin
437:Lanark
425:Dunbar
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162:Tethba
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85:Result
2967:Names
2920:Other
2884:Flags
2796:Sport
2749:Gaels
2677:Kings
2611:CĂ©ilĂ
2597:Music
2532:Irish
2429:Dance
2390:Cream
2324:Champ
2319:Boxty
2242:local
2143:local
2029:Towns
2014:Ports
1971:Human
1926:Fauna
1380:S2CID
967:Ardee
939:Newry
876:Larne
858:from
680:Larne
674:king
610:Myton
571:Kells
442:Scone
2786:Yola
2400:Mist
2364:Stew
2297:Food
1951:list
1295:2021
1188:and
997:via
985:and
953:and
941:and
837:Trim
813:and
662:The
414:1296
65:Date
2437:Jig
2410:Tea
2150:Law
1372:doi
1368:101
1213:by
1209:in
1168:In
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