Army Reserve (United Kingdom)

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Whilst the Yeomanry provided many of the officers and NCOs, only a small number of the junior ranks came from existing Yeomanry regiments, with some more from Volunteer corps. The units performed well, but recruiting proceeded in fits and starts—recruitment stopped in May, and was only resumed in early 1901—and so an adequate supply of manpower was not always available. Sixty militia battalions, around 46,000 men, also volunteered and were eventually sent to South Africa. They were employed mainly on lines of communication, and regarded as second-line troops of low quality; this was unsurprising, as they were strongly deficient in officers, heavily composed of men of 18 and 19, who were regarded as too young by the Regular Army, with many of their best and most experienced men already deployed with regular units as members of the Militia Reserve.

977: 1436:, to review the state of the reserves and to design their future. The commission reported in July 2011. It found that, despite their operational commitments, the reserves had been neglected: some estimates put its trained and active strength as low as 14,000. There had been 'a failure to resource recruiting and good training, especially collective training; to offer career progression; to update operational roles; to permit deployment in formed sub-units and therefore offer command opportunities' Its recommendations included that a new target of 30,000 trained strength by 2020 be set. 1288:. On 20 July 1960, a reorganisation of the TA was announced in the House of Commons. The territorials were to be reduced from 266 fighting units to 195. There was to be a reduction of 46 regiments of the Royal Artillery, 18 battalions of infantry, 12 regiments of the Royal Engineers and two regiments of the Royal Corps of Signals. The reductions were carried out in 1961, mainly by amalgamating units. Thus, on 1 May 1961, the TA divisional headquarters were merged with regular army districts, which were matched with Civil Defence Regions to aid mobilisation for war. 834:

construction of better-quality barracks and an increase in supper rations) and then form second-line divisions from cadres that could be increased. The total strength of the TA was to be 440,000: the field force of the Territorial Army was to rise from 130,000 to 340,000, organized in 26 divisions, while an additional 100,000 all ranks would form the anti-aircraft section. The forming Second Line formations were given liberty to be numbered and named as they saw fit, with some using related names and numbers from the First World War e.g.

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force of militia and picked yeomanry and volunteers". The first Volunteer unit to be sent out was a 1,300 man composite battalion group, composed of infantry recruited from across London units and a field battery from the Honourable Artillery Company, the City Imperial Volunteers, which was raised in early January 1900; it was sent into combat after six weeks of training in South Africa, where Lord Roberts described it as "quite excellent", and was returned home in October.

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individuals to such a large peacetime liability, the target of 15,000 volunteers proved over-ambitious and the force peaked at 4,262 in October 1963, then dropping to around 2,400 by 1968. Nevertheless, the first batch of these so-called 'Ever Readies' was sent to Libya in 1963, followed by 200 to the Far East later that year. In 1965, 175 were called out, the majority deploying to Aden, where one of their officers, Lieutenant Mike Smith, won an MC.

1657: 72: 167: 54: 1365:'imminent national danger'). It also provides protection in employment law for members' civilian jobs should they be mobilised. This has led to the Army Reserve increasingly providing routine support for the Regular Army overseas including the delivery of composite units to release regular units from standing liabilities; including Bosnia, Kosovo, Cyprus and the Falkland Islands. Some 2,800 TA personnel volunteered for and deployed on 850:

instructors and equipment. It was envisioned that the duplicating process and recruiting the required numbers of men would take no more than six months. In practice, existing TA units found themselves stripped of regular training staffs and often many of their own officers and NCOs to form and train the new units, long before their own units were fully trained. As a result, some TA divisions had made little progress by the time the

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with ten divisions, but then successively cut until rebuilding began in 1970, with numbers peaking at nearly 73,000. It was then run down again despite a major role in the Iraq and Afghanistan operations, bottoming at an estimated 14,000. From 2011 that trend was reversed and a new target of 30,000 trained manpower set with resourcing for training, equipment and the emphasis restored to roles for formed units and sub-units.

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undergoing phase 1 training and various non-deployable categories such as University Officer Training Corps). During 2020, two reserve infantry battalions, 6 and 7 Rifles, provided the framework battalion for peacekeeping in Cyprus and over the winter 20/21 the Royal Yeomanry provided a composite squadron for a six-month tour on armoured reconnaissance as part of Britain's forward presence in Estonia.

654:. It had an overall strength of approximately 269,000. Haldane designed it to provide a much larger second line for the six divisions of the Expeditionary Force which he was establishing as the centerpiece of the Regular Army. Under multiple political pressures, Haldane altered the public purpose of the Territorial Force in his Territorial and Reserve Forces Act to home defence, at the last moment. 1323:, the government agreed to retain an additional 28,000 men in 87 'lightly armed' infantry units and a few signals units in a category called TAVR III, designed for home defence, but, months later in January 1968, these were all earmarked to be disbanded, with 90 becoming eight-man "cadres". In November that year, the call-out arrangements for TAVR II units were brought in line with TAVR I. 989: 685:

homeland, but the pace rapidly accelerated and, within a fortnight, 70 infantry battalions and many other units had collectively volunteered for France. initially TF units were either fed into regular brigades or used for secondary tasks, such as guarding lines of communication but, by the end of April 1915, six full Territorial divisions had been deployed into the fight.

866:(BEF) that had already been dispatched to Europe. The TA would join regular army divisions when they had completed their training. In 1938, it was envisaged that this would take at least eight months from mobilisation. In fact, with mobilisation in September 1939, the first three TA divisions arrived to take their places in the front line by February 1940: the 681:

units, in parallel with the expansion of the Territorial Force. These New Army units were given priority for equipment, recruits and training over the Territorials for the bulk of the war. Kitchener justified this, during the first few months of the war, on the grounds that the Territorial Force should focus mostly on home defence.

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builds on the Tactics, Leadership, Doctrine, and Navigation taught in Module B, with a greater focus on the theory behind these constructs. CBRN training is also added at this point, and Officer Cadets undergo a number of field exercises to test their military and leadership skills. Module C can only

1505:

Phase 1 is followed by Phase 2, a further period of specialist training specific to the type of unit the recruit is joining. This is normally conducted by the Arm or Service that the recruit is joining; for example, for infantry units, Phase 2 consists of the two-week Combat Infantryman's Course (TA)

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Army Reservists have a minimum commitment to serve 27 training days per year or 19 days for some national units. This period normally includes a two-week period of continuous training either as an Army Reserve unit, on courses or attached to a Regular unit. Army Reserve soldiers are paid at a similar

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This was followed by a large reduction and complete reorganisation, announced in the 1966 Defence White Paper and implemented from 1 April 1967, when the title Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve (TAVR) was adopted. This abolished the former divisional structure of the TA. The size of the TAVR was

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In the first few days after the call for overseas service on 9 August, the result in many TF units was hesitant, with some units only recording around 50% volunteering, partly because men with families were reluctant to leave well-paid jobs especially while there was talk of a German invasion of the

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At the same time, a number of service companies were raised from volunteer units, employed as integral companies of their sister regular battalions, and were well regarded in the field. The decision was taken in late December to form a new force, the Imperial Yeomanry, to consist of mounted infantry.

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of 1868–1872 had reformed the system of enlistment for the Regular Army so that recruits now served for six years with the colours and then a further six years liable for reserve service, with the Regular Reserve. The administrative structure of the Army had been further reinforced by the creation of

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In Phase 1, recruits cover the Common Military Syllabus (Reserve)14 (CMS(R)14). Phase 1 A is a series of 4 training weekends at regional Army Training Units (ATUs), or the recruit could attend a consolidated Phase 1 A week long course. Phase 1 training concludes with a 16-day long Phase 1 B training

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in 1984. The latter involved 131,000 British service personnel, including 35,000 Territorials, together with US, Dutch and German personnel. This was the largest British troop movement exercise by sea and air since 1945, involving 290 flights and 150 ferry sailings. Most UK-based units reached their

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In 1971, the new government decided to expand the TAVR which led to the formation of twenty infantry battalions based on some of these cadres. In 1979, again, a new government planned further expansion. In the Reserve Forces Act of 1982, the Territorial Army title was restored, and, in the following

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The government published the report on 18 July with an immediate promise of £1.5 billion funding over ten years. In October 2012 MoD announced a new name for the Territorial Army, its current name, the Army Reserve. Most of the recommendations of the commission were adopted in the White Paper July

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that the armoured divisions and the 'mixed' division were to be converted to infantry, and the 16th Airborne Division reduced to a parachute brigade group. Only two divisions (43rd and 53rd), two armoured brigades, and a parachute brigade were to remain allocated for NATO and the defence of Western

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lacked cohesion. The failures of command, coordination and execution in that campaign led to a debate on its conduct with a no-confidence vote in the government. Partially as a result of lessons from Narvik, the Territorial Army was ordered to form 10 elite Independent Companies, forerunners of the

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was introduced. This resulted in 34,500 twenty-year-old militiamen being conscripted into the regular army, initially to be trained for six months before deployment to the forming second-line units. In parallel, recruits continued to surge into the Territorial Army but there were grave shortages of

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did 'not appreciate the progress made by the Territorial Force towards efficiency', The subsequent day, the 6th, Kitchener took up his post as Secretary of State for War announcing that morning 'He could take no account of anything but regular soldiers'. He went on to denounce the Territorial Force

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This was the end of the planned mobilisation; no thought had been given pre-war to mobilising the Militia, Yeomanry or Volunteers as formed units for foreign service. On 16 December, the first request was sent from South Africa for auxiliary troops, and a commitment was made to send a "considerable

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Between the wars the Territorial Army (as it was now called) was re-established to be the sole means of expansion in future wars, but it was smaller than before and poorly resourced. Yet eight TA divisions were deployed before the fall of France. After the Second World War, the TA was reconstituted

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The Army Reserve Act of April 1962 made provision for a new TA Emergency Reserve (TAER), within existing TA units, who could be called out without Royal Proclamation as individuals to reinforce regular units around the world, for up to six months in every twelve. With opposition from employers and

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In practice, all of the divisions were heavily engaged in the fighting. The 42nd, 44th, and 48th took part in the stand on the River Escaut, The 50th, 42nd, and 46th were chosen for the final stand at the perimeter of Dunkirk, despite the 46th being one of the digging" divisions with few anti-tank

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The composition of the divisions was altered, with a reduction in the number of infantry battalions required. There was also a reduced need for cavalry, and of the 55 yeomanry regiments, only the 14 most senior retained their horses. The remaining yeomanry was converted to artillery or armored car

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The (Regular) Expeditionary Force of six divisions had been rapidly sent to the Continent, where, facing overwhelming odds, they secured the left flank of the French Army. Of the 90,000 members of the original BEF deployed in August, four-fifths were dead or wounded by Christmas. So the arrival of

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which he was establishing as the centerpiece of the Regular Army. The Territorial Force was to be composed of fourteen divisions of infantry and fourteen brigades of cavalry, together with all the supporting arms and services needed for overseas war, including artillery, engineers commissariat and

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Meanwhile, units with little training and cohesion were also sent abroad, despite their lack of preparation; the TA units which formed a majority of those which took part in the Narvik operation were untrained and had been subject to such turbulence, through expansion and reorganisation that many

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The Reserve Forces Act of May 1996 was a landmark reform, making it much easier to call out any element of the Reserves at the behest of the Secretary of State for a range of purposes including 'protection of life or property' well short of the criteria for Queen's Order (e.g. 'great emergency',

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units were either reduced in size or abolished. The bounty was also reduced to £3 for trained men and £2.10s 0d for recruits, which resulted in finding £1,175,000 of the total savings required from the army as a whole. An innovation in 1922 was the creation of two Air Defence Brigades to provide

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Nevertheless, by 9 August, the Army Council, under Kitchener's direction, agreed that TF units volunteering en bloc for overseas service should be sent to France, while Kitchener set in hand the machinery for the recruiting of an entirely separate 'New Army' of what came to be known as Kitchener

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The reforms had ensured that a sizable force of regular troops was based in the United Kingdom for service as an expeditionary force, over and above the troops already stationed overseas. However, once the decision was taken to send a corps-size field force to fight in the South African War, the

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Before the creation of the Territorial force, there were three "auxiliary forces"—the Militia, the Yeomanry, and the Volunteers. All militiamen over 19 could join the Militia Reserve, accepting the liability to serve overseas with the Regular Army in case of war if called on to do so. The second

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the power to produce an annual report to Parliament on the state of the volunteer reserves (the Royal Naval Reserve, The Royal Marines Reserve, the Army Reserve and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force). In January 2021, the Army Reserve trained strength stood at 26,820. (This figure excludes recruits

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At the end of the Cold War, the TA had a strength of 72,823, including 3,297 in the Home Service Force (HSF). in the 1991 Gulf War 205 Scottish General Hospital was mobilised as a unit based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and a number of TA staff officers and others volunteered and served during the

604:

After the South African War, the Conservative government embarked on a series of reorganisations which had a negative impact on all the auxiliary forces. The Militia was heavily understrength and disorganised, whilst the number of recruits for the Volunteers was falling off and it was becoming

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Once the Officer Cadet has completed their Army Officer Selection Board, they can complete this final module, after which they will become commissioned officers in the British Army. Based at the RMAS, this module consists primarily of a prolonged field exercise, followed by drill training in

1421:. Medical personnel were routinely deployed as formed units and individual augmentees since the start of operations in Iraq and, since 2003, Reserves provided over 40% of the hospital-based personnel for operations in Afghanistan and provided the 'lead unit' for 50% of the operational tours. 833:

announced plans to increase the TA from 130,000 to 340,000 men and double the number of TA divisions. The plan was for existing TA units to recruit over their establishments (aided by an increase in pay for Territorials, the removal of restrictions on promotion which had hindered recruiting,

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units. All Army Reserve personnel have their civilian jobs protected to a limited extent by law should they be compulsorily mobilised. There is, however, no legal protection against discrimination in employment for membership of the Army Reserve in the normal course of events (i.e. when not

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TAVR I - Special Army Volunteer Reserve or 'Ever Readies', echoing the earlier nickname for the TAER, bringing the Regular Army to war establishment and replacing casualties. These were to be given extra training and equipment and could now be called out by Queen's Order rather than Royal

714:, thereby releasing regular units for service in France and enabling the formation of an additional five regular army divisions by early 1915. Territorial divisions went on to fight in all the major battles of the war in France and Belgium and several campaigns further afield including 1177:

In 1947, the TA was restructured and expanded through the reactivation of some of the 1st Line divisions that were initially disbanded after the war, keeping its former role of supplying complete divisions to the regular Army until 1967. For the first time, TA units were formed in

516:, for example, the Territorial Army, as it was known then, was not demobilised until 1947. Army Reservists normally have a full-time civilian job or career, which in some cases provides skills and expertise that are directly transferable to a specialist military role, such as 1399:

In Afghanistan too, large numbers of reservists deployed in a mixture of formed units and as individuals, until 2009 when the decision was taken to allow only individuals to deploy as reinforcements for regular units. One example of a formed body was Somme Company of

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the Territorials, first as reinforcements and then in whole divisions came at a critical juncture, while the New Army was still forming and training. Many of the Territorial units suffered immediate heavy casualties and on the night of 20 April 1915 Second Lieutenant

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TAVR II - forces called 'The Volunteers', for whom the old call-out arrangements continued. This category was split further split into TAVR IIA (Independent), e.g.: 51st Highland Volunteers and TAVR IIB (Sponsored), e.g.: Central Volunteer Headquarters, Royal

821:

the Sudetenland. Although Chamberlain had intended the agreement to lead to a further peaceful resolution of issues, relations between both countries soon deteriorated. On 15 March 1939, Germany breached the terms of the agreement by invading and occupying

551:, There were 213 rifle corps and 66 corps of artillery, though the latter were mostly coastal artillery or static "position batteries" and they did not constitute an organised field force. There were some engineer and medical units, but no service corps. 1332:

years, its size was again increased, together with new equipment and extra training, the target being 86,000 by 1990. Some brigades were re-formed which consisted mostly of TA units, including two out of three brigades for a new reserve division for the

1272:

were also reduced in number to nine armoured regiments and eleven reconnaissance regiments. This was effected by the amalgamation of pairs of regiments, and the conversion of four RAC units to an infantry role. The new parachute brigade group become the

725:

From 1916, as the war progressed, and casualties mounted, the distinctive character of territorial units was diluted by the inclusion of conscript and New Army drafts. Following the Armistice all units of the Territorial Force were gradually disbanded.

1404:

of whom Brigadier (later Lieutenant-General Sir) John Lorimer remarked: "Somme Company was an outstanding body of men: well trained, highly motivated and exceptionally well led." Approximately 1,200 members of the Army Reserve deployed annually on

600:

The dominions and colonies provided 57 contingents, overwhelmingly of volunteer forces as none had a substantial full-time force; those from Canada alone numbered some 7,400 Altogether, Britain and her empire deployed some half a million soldiers.

949:, himself a pre-First World War Territorial became Chief of the Imperial General Staff and a strong promoter of the TA, coining the expression still in use today that Territorials are 'twice a citizen'. One pre-war Guards reservist, (then) Major 1395:

mobilised Regimental Headquarters (RHQ) and two sub-units to deliver the UK's Chemical, Radiological, Biological, and Nuclear counter-measures for Operation TELIC. At the peak in 2004, reservists made up 20% of Britain's strength in Iraq.

1360:

In December 1991, as part of the reductions in Options for Change, it was announced that the TA's establishment was to be reduced to 63,000, while the HSF element was to be disbanded. In July 1994, this was further reduced to 59,000.

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medical support. The new Special Reserve was to take over the depots of the militia, as an expanded reserve for the Regular Army. Under multiple political pressures, Haldane altered the public purpose of the Territorial Force in his

1526:(AOSB) and then successfully complete four modules of training, which together form the Army Reserve Commissioning Course. For professionally qualified officers (doctors, vets, lawyers etc.), there is only one stage at the AOSB. 589:

system began to show a strain. By the end of January 1900, seven regular divisions, roughly half of their manpower from the Regular and Militia Reserves, had been dispatched leaving the country virtually empty of regular troops.

1443:

Some aspects required legislation and were introduced in the Defence Reform Act (2014). These included the name change, reforms in mobilisation arrangements and in employer compensation. They also included giving the

1339:

As the Cold War intensified, the scale and pace of exercises involving the TA in its war roles increased. Two large-scale exercises were mounted testing the Army's ability to reinforce BAOR, Crusader in 1980 and

898:, making eight of the thirteen British divisions deployed, although three, 12th, 23rd, and 46th, were deployed, minus much of their equipment, as so-called 'digging divisions' to be used for infrastructure work. 703:, General Officer Commanding the BEF, later wrote 'Without the assistance which the Territorials afforded between October 1914 and June 1915, it would have been impossible to hold the line in France and Belgium. 759:" financial cuts, the TA was further reduced in size in 1922: artillery batteries lost two of their six guns, the established size of infantry battalions was cut and ancillary medical, veterinary, signals and 1301:

to be reduced from 107,000 to under 50,000, with the infantry reduced from 86 to 13 battalions and the yeomanry (armoured units) from 20 to one. Units in the new TAVR were divided into various categories:

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decided, territorial soldiers could be deployed overseas for combat that avoided the complications of the TF, whose members were not required to leave Britain unless they volunteered for overseas service.

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deployed at Calais and fought off German reconnaissance forces before the arrival of the two regular sister battalions with whom they held the town for two crucial days shielding the Dunkirk evacuation.

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Lineage book of British land forces 1660-1978 : biographical outlines of cavalry, yeomanry, armour, artillery, infantry, marines and air force land troops of regular and reserve forces (Volume I)

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to home defence, at the last moment but did not alter the planned structure. During the First World War, by the end of April 1915, six full Territorial divisions had been deployed into the fight.

3864: 918:, carried out the first major commando-style operations of the war the XD Operations, destroying 2 million tons of crude and refined oil, along the coastline of France and the low countries. 746:, when compared to the varied methods used during the First World War including the creation of Kitchener's Army. All TA recruits were required to take the general service obligation: if the 5067: 5062: 636:. Most Volunteer infantry units had unique identities, but lost these in the reorganisation, becoming Territorial battalions of Regular Army infantry regiments. Only one infantry unit, the 2634: 3213: 1336:(BAOR). In addition, a new organisation was established, the Home Service Force, with a separate target of 4,500, composed of older ex-regulars and territorials to guard key points. 4666: 1472:

For Army Reserve soldiers, recruit training is structured into two phases: Phase 1, also known as the Common Military Syllabus (Recruit) (CMS(R)), and Phase 2, specialist training.

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Ian F. W. Beckett, 'Territorials: A Century of Service,' First Published April 2008 by DRA Printing of 14 Mary Seacole Road, The Millfields, Plymouth PL1 3JY on behalf of TA 100,

742:(TA). The First-Line divisions (that were created in 1907 or 1908) were reconstituted in that year. The TA's intended role was to be the sole method of expanding the size of the 303: 4748: 5057: 4523: 3854: 4700: 3334: 2795:"Regiments of the British TERRITORIAL & ARMY VOLUNTEER RESERVE 1967 at regiments.org by T.F.Mills". Archived from the original on 2007-07-15. Retrieved 2015-02-13 3199: 2863: 4743: 3889: 5072: 5027: 4516: 3811: 3058: 3041: 3002: 2985: 2938: 245: 4430: 3119: 1391:

opened up a beach landing point on the Al Faw Peninsula and then two further crossing points on sequential watercourses for tanks in the attack on Basra. The

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covers training in Tactics, Leadership, Doctrine and Navigation, both in theory and in practice, with a focus on the section battle drills and the platoon

386: 109: 984:, 50th (Northumbrian) Division moving up past a knocked-out German 88mm gun near 'Joe's Bridge' over the Meuse-Escaut Canal in Belgium, 16 September 1944 3926: 1532:

consists of basic field training and elementary military skills. This can be completed at either a UOTC over a number of weekends or over 2 weeks at the

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regimental districts, where regular infantry regiments were paired together to share a depot and linked to the local militia and volunteer units.

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Steinberg, S. (2016-12-27). The Statesman's Year-Book 1967–68: The One-Volume ENCYCLOPAEDIA of all nations. Springer. p. 106. ISBN 9780230270961

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is joining and covers a 2-week period. This is increasingly integrated with the tactics phase of a Regular training course. For example, the

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as 'a few hundred thousand young men, officered by middle-aged professional men who were allowed to put on uniform and play at soldiers.'

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Beckett, Ian Frederick William (1991). The Amateur Military Tradition, 1558–1945. Manchester University Press. p. 282. ISBN 9780719029127

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into Regular Service under one code of Military Law for the duration of hostilities or until de-activation is decided upon. After the

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Stanley Simm Baldwin, Forward Everywhere: Her Majesty's Territorials / Stanley Simm Baldwin, London; New York; Brassey's, c1994.

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and 15 anti-aircraft regiments of the Royal Artillery were disbanded, with nine others passing into "suspended animation" as new

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units or disbanded. The amalgamation of 40 pairs of infantry battalions was announced in October 1921. As part of the post-war "

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In addition were various miscellaneous units, such as OTCs and bands e.g. Northumbria Band of the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers.

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The TA's war deployment plan envisioned the divisions being deployed, as equipment became available, in waves to reinforce the

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The Territorial Army – 1999 – An archive document of The TA in 1999 before the implementation of The Strategic Defence Review

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The immediate response to this announcement was a vast surge in recruiting with 88,000 men enlisted by the end of April. The

700: 308: 127: 4796: 4574: 3432:, first published April 2008 by DRA Printing of 14 Mary Seacole Road, The Millfields, Plymouth PL1 3JY on behalf of TA 100, 3338: 3075: 1440:

2013 including the critical importance of providing operational and training opportunities for formed units and sub-units.

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Europe; the other eight divisions were placed on a lower establishment for home defence only. The territorial units of the

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whose members are ex-Regular personnel who retain a statutory liability for service. The Army Reserve was known as the

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began; others, who had started from a stronger position, were able to complete this work within a matter of weeks.

609: 484: 214: 1387:. Reservists were deployed in a mixture of formed bodies and as individuals. For example, a formed sub-unit from 4890: 4687: 4395: 2198: 1703: 1348:

In 1985, Exercise Brave Defender tested Britain's home defences, with 65,000 regulars and territorials involved.

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Brazier, C.C.H. (2004) XD Operations, Secret British Missions Denying Oil to the Nazis, Pen and Sword, Barnsley

1639: 1571:. Further training that is required prior to them being considered for operational deployment and promotion to 1285: 1225: 911: 875: 769: 765: 760: 629: 365: 114: 4048: 2804:"Lineage of British Army Regiments 1967 – 2000 by Wienand Drieth". Archived from the original on 31 March 2012 1424:

By 2011, across Iraq and Afghanistan, a number of reservists had been decorated and 27 had given their lives.

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in some of the hardest fighting of the battle. Later the commander of the 14th Army, of which they were part,

4725: 4420: 4380: 4268: 4083: 4058: 3915: 879: 672:, who had been central to Haldane's reforms and was then commanding First Corps, recorded in his diary that 517: 3781: 5010: 4986: 4955: 4470: 4339: 4258: 4178: 3265: 1718: 1596: 1486: 1401: 1260: 1186: 965: 788: 776: 637: 613: 554:

The Yeomen of the 18th century were cavalry-based units, which were often used to suppress riots (see the

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Charles Messenger, A History of the British Infantry: Volume Two 1915–94, Leo Cooper, London, 1996, 157.

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apparent that many Volunteer Corps were headed towards financial collapse unless some action was taken.

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conflict, either in supporting roles in Germany or within 1 (UK) Armoured Division in the Middle East.

937:, where the Japanese suffered their first major defeat in mainland Asia, was a TA unit, 4th Battalion, 244:

Haldane planned a volunteer "Territorial Force", to provide a second line for the six divisions of the

3770: 3294: 933:

As the war developed Territorial units fought in every major theatre. The first reinforcing unit into

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anti-aircraft defence for London. It appears that these two brigades relatively quickly became

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which had historically been used as a form of internal security police. The third arm was the

509: 194: 4880: 4188: 4115: 4003: 3939: 3019: 1281: 1179: 934: 814: 694: 690: 581: 513: 2221:, London: War Office, 7 November 1927; artillery units reprinted in Litchfield Appendix IV. 4902: 4833: 4807: 4596: 4566: 4334: 4329: 2202: 1680: 1543: 1380: 238: 226: 166: 1546:. This training can either be spread over 10 weekends at a UOTC, or 2 weeks at the RMAS. 3144: 4774:

Non-Executive Defence Board Member and Chair of the Defence Equipment and Support Board

4073: 4063: 3760: 3064:. The Independent Commission to Review the United Kingdom's Reserve forces. p. 52. 3047:. The Independent Commission to Review the United Kingdom's Reserve forces. p. 19. 3008:. The Independent Commission to Review the United Kingdom's Reserve forces. p. 16. 2991:. The Independent Commission to Review the United Kingdom's Reserve forces. p. 11. 2944:. The Independent Commission to Review the United Kingdom's Reserve forces. p. 12. 1592: 1392: 1376:

In Tony Blair's Strategic Defence Review of 1998, the TA's size was reduced to 41,200.

1245:

52nd (Lowland) Division was re-established as a tenth, 'mixed' division in March 1950.

950: 914:

with the largely French forces along the Somme. At the same time, a small TA unit, the

784: 59: 1263:

units replaced them. On 20 December 1955, the Secretary of State for War informed the

5041: 4584: 4140: 4053: 3602: 3445: 1604: 1433: 1369:

from 1995 to 1998, the UK's contribution to the NATO mission to enforce peace in the

1000:, 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division, advance along a lane near Caumont, 30 July 1944. 927: 707: 117: 2026:

Field Marshal Viscount French of Ypres, 1914, London: Constable and Co, 1919, p. 204

957:, in North Africa, which fathered several other special forces units, including the 4591: 4135: 4130: 4125: 3820: 3407: 1406: 1319:

In the face of a considerable Parliamentary battle, and a public outcry led by the

1193: 851: 846: 810: 780: 577: 296: 272: 185: 77: 17: 3544: 3093: 1607:

Commander's Course held at the Reconnaissance & Armoured Tactics Division in

558:). Several units that are now part of the Army Reserve bear the title "militia". 4193: 4107: 3539: 3522:

Raising Churchill's Army: The British Army and the War Against Germany 1919–1945

1414: 792: 580:

was committed to its first large-scale overseas deployment since the 1850s. The

4802: 4579: 4219: 3844: 3637:. A History of British Infantry. Vol. II. London: Pen & Sword Books. 1652: 1608: 1572: 818: 756: 562:

South African War, the need for reform and formation of the Territorial Force

3512: 1522:

To gain a commission, Potential Officers have to pass the two stages of the

1418: 988: 715: 711: 505: 97: 4771:

Non-Executive Defence Board Member and Chair of the Defence Audit Committee

3684:. War, Armed Forces and Society. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 3182:"Army Reservists Make History In Largest Ever Deployment In A Single Unit" 2846:"The Biggest British Army Exercise ... And Why It Probably Always Will Be" 791:. In late 1937 and throughout 1938, German demands for the annexation of 3218: 2196:,(the United Kingdom Reserve Forces Association), accessed 28 August 2007 1972:

Letter to The Times, 28 August 1928 by Sir Charles Harris who was present

644: 625: 540: 230: 143: 3412:

Browned Off and Bloody-minded: The British Soldier Goes to War 1939–1945

1981:

Lloyd George War Memoirs, Nicholson and Watson, London 1933-6, pp. 391-2

1453:

rate as their regular equivalents while engaged on military activities.

2219:

Titles and Designations of Formations and Units of the Territorial Army

1563:

On successful completion of Module D, the Officer Cadets receive their

734:

The Territorial Force (TF) was officially reconstituted in 1921 by the

651: 544: 234: 4508: 2558:. New York: Crown Publishing Group. pp. 48–49, 143–146, 149–154. 2192: 1600: 1182:. The maneuver divisions established or re-established in 1947 were: 213:

The Army Reserve was created as the Territorial Force in 1908 by the

4768:

Non-Executive Defence Board Member and Chair of the People Committee

3682:

The Commonwealth Armies: Manpower and Organisation in Two World Wars

2508:

Andrew Roberts, Churchill, Walking with Destiny, Allen Lane, P488-95

1919: 1581:(formerly known as Module 5), again run at an OTC, over 3 weekends. 968:

in August 1945, the Territorial Army was reduced and re-structured.

3673:

Uncle Bill, The Authorised Biography of Field Marshal Viscount Slim

1817:

Training Depots (Territorialisation of British Infantry) 1873-1881

987: 975: 2481:

The History of the Corps of Royal Engineers, Volume VIII, P 76-80

1432:

In 2010, the government set up a commission, chaired by General

1384: 1216:(49th (West Riding and North Midland) Division/District in 1961) 668:

Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August 1914. The next day,

4512: 3793: 3789: 4678:

Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Veterans and People

3550:. History of the Second World War. Vol. I. London: HMSO. 3246:. North West Reserve Forces and Cadets Association. p. 12 3766:

The Reserve Land Forces regulations 2016 (amendment number 3)

3076:"House of Commons Hansard Debates for 18 July 2011 (pt 0002)" 1603:

which is integrated within a Regular training course, or the

1497:

complete their equivalent of CMS(R) within their own units.

845:

raised a second battalion in 24 hours. On 26 April, limited

165: 149: 3479:. Woodbridge: The Royal Historical Society: Boydell Press. 3468:

Haldane: The Forgotten Statesman Who Shaped Modern Britain

3214:"6 Rifles are deploying to Cyprus on operation from today" 706:

Other Territorial formations were dispatched to Egypt and

693:

of the Queen Victoria Rifles, secured the first of the 71

3701:

Kitchener's Army: The Raising of the New Armies 1914–1916

3626:

Anatomy of a Campaign, The British Fiasco in Norway, 1940

3180:

at 7:09pm, Tim Cooper 3 February 2020 (3 February 2020).

2205:; Air Defence of London – Two Brigades of Ground Troops, 1379:

In 2003, 9,500 reservists were mobilised to take part in

1373:. These were a mixture of formed units and individuals. 643:

The TF was formed on 1 April 1908 and contained fourteen

3120:"Reserves in the Future Force 2020: Valuable and Valued" 2149:

Territorial Army Amalgamations – 40 Battalions Affected

1214:

49th (West Riding & North Midland) Armoured Division

4756:

Director-General Head Office and Commissioning Services

3319:. 4th Battalion, The Parachute Regiment. Archived from 3285: 3283: 2277: 2275: 1795:

Royal Irish Rangers (27th (Inniskilling) 83rd and 87th)

1252:

cover for the United Kingdom until 1956. In that year,

902:

guns and artillery pieces. A London TA battalion, the

4667:

Minister of State for Defence Procurement and Industry

2162:

Territorial Army Reductions – £1,650,000 to be saved,

628:. As part of the same process, the remaining units of 2194:

The Territorial Army and Air Defence of Great Britain

1611:

which is run separately to Regular training courses.

1280:

British forces contracted dramatically as the end of

817:. The agreement averted a war and allowed Germany to 3020:"Afghanistan (Roulement): Defence Written Statement" 1789:(Militia), The Jersey Field Squadron (Militia), The 972:

List of Territorial Army Divisions, Second World War

4995: 4965: 4942: 4921: 4879: 4847: 4816: 4785: 4734: 4686: 4647: 4638: 4605: 4565: 4556: 4439: 4404: 4358: 4322: 4291: 4244: 4228: 4207: 4149: 4106: 4097: 4022: 3989: 3980: 3827: 3587:. Uckfield, East Sussex: Naval and Military Press. 3094:"Territorial Army 'to be renamed the Army Reserve'" 2844:at 4:25pm, Simon Thornton 2 May 2019 (2 May 2019). 159: 141: 136: 123: 108: 103: 93: 83: 65: 47: 39: 34: 3543: 3444: 1352:1988 to 2011: Reduced again but back on operations 730:Interwar re-establishment and mobilisation in 1939 184:is the active-duty volunteer reserve force of the 5068:Military units and formations established in 1908 5063:Military units and formations of the British Army 3782:The Territorial Army 1967–2000 by Wienand Drenth 3776:The All-Party Parliamentary Reserve Forces Group 992:A motorcycle and infantry of the 2nd Battalion, 2318:13 Additional Divisions – Method of Expansion, 1819:, Regiments.org, archived, accessed March 2021. 4744:Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Defence 3607:Appeasement and Rearmament: Britain, 1936–1939 3291:"TA Recruit Training Structure & Overview" 2110:New Territorial Army – The Government Scheme, 1920:"Second Boer War records database goes online" 225:combined the previously civilian-administered 4524: 3805: 3729:A short history of the British Army (4th ed.) 3585:Orders of Battle: Second World War, 1939–1945 3486:The development of the British Army 1899–1914 3447:The Origins of the Second World War in Europe 2972:Sapper Magazine, article in July 2003 edition 485: 8: 2123:New Citizen Army – 2nd Line Defence Scheme, 697:won by Territorials in the First World War. 4706:Chief of the Naval Staff and First Sea Lord 3198:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2862:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1489:, Winchester, or Grantham. Recruits to the 1428:2011: Rebuilding and named the Army Reserve 1296:1966 White Paper: major cuts and a new name 1248:The territorials also provided much of the 878:. In April, they were joined by five more, 4644: 4562: 4531: 4517: 4509: 4431:Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps 4401: 4103: 3986: 3812: 3798: 3790: 3161:. House of Commons Library. pp. 10–11 2305:Territorial Army – Establishment doubled, 1745: 1743: 1618: 1463:Selection and Training in the British Army 1417:and elsewhere, normally on six-month-long 1327:Rebuilding capability and exercising roles 1284:in 1960 came in sight as announced in the 508:, the Army Reserve is incorporated by the 492: 478: 259: 5058:1908 establishments in the United Kingdom 4861:Defence Science and Technology Laboratory 4376:Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers 3567:A History of the Artists Rifles 1859-1947 3266:"Pay Scales 2020/21 British Army Reserve" 2980: 2978: 2933: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2830: 2828: 2352: 2293: 926:. under the command of (then) Lt Colonel 608:The Territorial Force was created by the 4456:Educational and Training Services Branch 3778:– see their most recent report on the TA 3628:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2782: 2780: 1560:preparation for the passing out parade. 1275:44th Independent Parachute Brigade Group 1160:55th (West Lancashire) Infantry Division 1040:42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division 1034:(Later 47th (London) Infantry Division) 1003: 829:On 29 March, Secretary of State for War 620:which combined and re-organised the old 539:element of the auxiliary forces was the 206:(TAVR) from 1967 to 1979, and again the 2761: 2759: 2445:Sebag-Montefiore, p. 156-174, map p 521 2098: 2062: 1739: 1306:Proclamation in anticipation of war and 1028:(Later 56th (London) Infantry Division) 618:Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 448: 420: 404: 378: 342: 326: 287: 271: 223:Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 4662:Minister of State for the Armed Forces 3703:. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military. 3654:Call to Arms: the British Army 1914–18 3268:. What do they know. 25 September 2020 3241:"External Scrutiny Team Annual Report" 3191: 2855: 2364: 2331: 2074: 1446:Reserve Forces and Cadets Associations 1209:44th (Home Counties) Infantry Division 1165:59th (Staffordshire) Infantry Division 1076:48th (South Midland) Infantry Division 1064:44th (Home Counties) Infantry Division 710:and other imperial garrisons, such as 640:, has maintained a separate identity. 204:Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve 31: 3293:. Ministry of Defence. Archived from 2394: 2281: 2086: 1791:Royal Militia of the Island of Jersey 1699:Reserve Forces and Cadets Association 1671:List of Territorial Army units (2012) 1491:4th Battalion, The Parachute Regiment 1389:131 Commando Squadron Royal Engineers 1220:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 1148:54th (East Anglian) Infantry Division 1105:23rd (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 1100:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 836:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 736:Territorial Army and Militia Act 1921 361:British Forces South Atlantic Islands 7: 5073:Reserve forces of the United Kingdom 3609:. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. 3414:. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2580:"Territorial Army Formations (1947)" 2406: 2266: 2254: 2242: 2230: 1587:is specific to the type of unit the 1222:(50th Northumbrian District by 1966) 1088:49th (West Riding) Infantry Division 939:Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment 910:Further south, The 51st fought in a 670:General - later Field Marshal - Haig 4897:Defence Infrastructure Organisation 3524:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1787:Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers 1724:The Territorial Army (British Rail) 1199:42nd (Lancashire) Infantry Division 4870:United Kingdom Hydrographic Office 4386:Royal Army Physical Training Corps 4164:Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment 4014:Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment 3675:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 3430:Territorials: A Century of Service 1797:(North Irish Militia) (until 1993) 1345:wartime stations within 48 hours. 572:In 1899, with the outbreak of the 568:Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 251:Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 25: 4982:National Museum of the Royal Navy 4274:Turks and Caicos Islands Regiment 4089:Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry 3855:Deputy Chief of the General Staff 3680:Perry, Frederick William (1988). 3497:. Wakefield: Microform Academic. 3451:(2nd ed.). London: Pearson. 3159:"UK Defence Personnel Statistics" 3125:. Ministry of Defence. p. 17 1793:, 4th (Volunteer) Battalion, the 1129:15th (Scottish) Infantry Division 1112:51st (Highland) Infantry Division 616:, following the enactment of the 5022: 5021: 4934:Single Source Regulations Office 4883:managed on an arm's-length basis 4762:Director-General Security Policy 4495: 4494: 4366:Royal Army Chaplains' Department 3361:"RMA Sandhurst Officer Training" 2635:"Yourdemocracy.newstatesman.com" 1729:Volunteer Reserves Service Medal 1655: 1534:Royal Military Academy Sandhurst 1230:52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division 1124:52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division 1117:9th (Highland) Infantry Division 1069:12th (Eastern) Infantry Division 884:23rd (2nd Northumbrian) Division 650:, and fourteen mounted yeomanry 263: 70: 52: 4866:Submarine Delivery Agency (SDA) 4765:Lead Non-Executive Board Member 4701:Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff 4304:Special Reconnaissance Regiment 3865:Current serving senior officers 3718:Sebag-Montefiore, Hugh (2006). 1240:56th (London) Armoured Division 1204:43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division 1052:43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division 888:42nd (East Lancashire) Division 824:the remnants of the Czech state 520:employees serving in Reservist 131:The Lord Lancaster of Kimbolton 4657:Secretary of State for Defence 4476:Military Provost Guard Service 4279:Falkland Islands Defence Force 4264:Royal Montserrat Defence Force 4034:1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards 3771:Army Reservist Support Service 3720:Dunkirk, Fight to the Last Man 3635:For Love of Regiment 1915–1994 2619:"Napoleonic war links to go". 1483:Army Training Centre Pirbright 1235:53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division 1141:38th (Welsh) Infantry Division 1136:53rd (Welsh) Infantry Division 813:in September and brokered the 738:and renamed in October as the 1: 5053:Army Reserve (United Kingdom) 4855:Defence Equipment and Support 4672:Minister of State for Defence 3875:Structure of the British Army 2676:"Reorganizing Territorials". 1676:Auxiliary Territorial Service 916:Kent Fortress Royal Engineers 896:46th (North Midland) Division 892:44th (Home Counties) Division 868:48th (South Midland) Division 4908:Defence Nuclear Organisation 4350:Honourable Artillery Company 4169:Duke of Lancaster's Regiment 3493:Frederick, J. B. M. (1984). 3335:"Frequently Asked Questions" 2963:The Times, 27 March 2003,P 1 2472:Sebag-Montefiore, Chapter 35 2136:Territorial Army Reduction, 1625:Honourable Artillery Company 1524:Army Officer Selection Board 1495:Honourable Artillery Company 1481:course normally held at the 1258:English Electric Thunderbird 872:50th (Northumbrian) Division 799:. To avoid war, the British 795:in Czechoslovakia led to an 543:, 38 regiments of volunteer 202:(TA) from 1921 to 1967, the 4721:Commander Strategic Command 4451:Staff and Personnel Support 4426:Royal Army Veterinary Corps 4174:Royal Regiment of Fusiliers 3890:Weapons of mass destruction 3652:Messenger, Charles (2005). 3633:Messenger, Charles (1994). 2690:Beckett 2008, pp. 183, 185. 2582:. Britisjh Military History 1579:Post Commissioning Training 1553:be undertaken at the RMAS. 864:British Expeditionary Force 27:Element of the British Army 5089: 4913:Ministry of Defence Police 4711:Chief of the General Staff 4696:Chief of the Defence Staff 4461:Army Legal Services Branch 4159:Royal Regiment of Scotland 4039:Royal Scots Dragoon Guards 4009:Household Cavalry Regiment 3850:Chief of the General Staff 3569:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword. 3080:publications.parliament.uk 2661:"TA replanning complete". 2463:Sebag-Montefiore, p. 223ff 1595:Battle Course held at the 1460: 1158: 1146: 1134: 1122: 1110: 1098: 1086: 1074: 1062: 1050: 1038: 1024: 1014: 661: 610:Secretary of State for War 565: 215:Secretary of State for War 188:. It is separate from the 110:Chief of the General Staff 5019: 4952:(under Strategic Command) 4891:Defence Business Services 4881:Top-level budget agencies 4546: 4492: 4396:Royal Corps of Army Music 3945:other ranks rank insignia 3470:. London: Hurst & Co. 3317:"Phase One: The Build Up" 3145:"Defence Reform Act 2014" 2201:26 September 2007 at the 1704:Royal Auxiliary Air Force 1636: 1629: 1621: 1334:British Army of the Rhine 770:27th Air Defence Brigades 5005:Oil and Pipelines Agency 4929:Defence Safety Authority 4922:Regulatory organisations 4759:Director-General Nuclear 4753:Director-General Finance 4749:Chief Scientific Adviser 4550:Main Building, Whitehall 4416:Royal Army Medical Corps 4254:Royal Gibraltar Regiment 4184:Royal Yorkshire Regiment 3699:Simkins, Peter (2007) . 3671:Miller, Russell (2013). 3443:Bell, P. M. H. (1997) . 3383:"Army Officer Selection" 2499:Kiszely, P69, 70 and 201 2454:Sebag-Montefiore, p. 533 1640:Royal Gibraltar Regiment 1508:Infantry Training Centre 1286:1957 Defence White Paper 1194:Robert E. "Roy" Urquhart 941:who went on to hold the 876:51st (Highland) Division 761:Royal Army Service Corps 366:British Forces Gibraltar 210:(TA) from 1979 to 2014. 4726:Chief of Defence People 4421:Royal Army Dental Corps 4381:Small Arms School Corps 4269:Cayman Islands Regiment 3727:Sheppard, Eric (1950). 3583:Joslen, H. F. (2003) . 3565:Gregory, Barry (2006). 3520:French, David (2001) . 3484:Dunlop, John K (1938). 3466:Campbell, John (2020). 2554:Macintyre, Ben (2016). 2035:Beckett 2008, pp. 79–80 1585:Special To Arm training 1506:(CIC (TA)) held at the 1189:, under the command of 904:Queen Victoria's Rifles 880:12th (Eastern) Division 701:General Sir John French 674:Field Marshal Kitchener 198:from 1908 to 1921, the 5011:Sheffield Forgemasters 4987:Royal Air Force Museum 4956:Defence Secretariat 19 4716:Chief of the Air Staff 4471:Military Provost Staff 4340:Royal Corps of Signals 4259:Royal Bermuda Regiment 4179:Royal Anglian Regiment 3624:Kiszley, John (2017). 3475:Dennis, Peter (1987). 3059:"Future Reserves 2020" 3042:"Future Reserves 2020" 3003:"Future Reserves 2020" 2986:"Future Reserves 2020" 2939:"Future Reserves 2020" 2609:Beckett, 2008, p. 178. 2044:Messenger 2005, p. 275 1719:Territorial Decoration 1597:Infantry Battle School 1487:Army Training Regiment 1261:Surface to Air Missile 1187:16th Airborne Division 1153:18th Infantry Division 1093:46th Infantry Division 1081:61st Infantry Division 1057:45th Infantry Division 1045:66th Infantry Division 1001: 985: 632:were converted to the 614:Richard Burdon Haldane 233:(at the same time the 170: 154: 4466:Royal Military Police 4391:General Service Corps 4079:Royal Wessex Yeomanry 4049:Queen's Royal Hussars 3935:officer rank insignia 3385:. Ministry of Defence 3363:. Ministry of Defence 3337:. HAC. Archived from 2651:Beckett 2008, p. 180. 1709:Royal Marines Reserve 1663:United Kingdom portal 1434:Sir Nicholas Houghton 1254:Anti-Aircraft Command 998:46th Infantry Brigade 991: 979: 522:Army Medical Services 468:United Kingdom portal 371:British Forces Brunei 356:British Forces Cyprus 169: 153: 4977:National Army Museum 4950:Defence Intelligence 4371:Royal Logistic Corps 4199:Royal Irish Regiment 4084:Queen's Own Yeomanry 4059:King's Royal Hussars 4044:Royal Dragoon Guards 3957:National Army Museum 3731:. London: Constable. 3477:The Territorial Army 1270:Royal Armoured Corps 1173:Postwar and Cold War 1016:1st Cavalry Division 959:Special Boat Service 843:London Rifle Brigade 797:international crisis 744:British Armed Forces 718:. (See main article 397:Other ranks insignia 351:British Army Germany 304:units and formations 280:British Armed Forces 4997:Public corporations 4848:Arm's-length bodies 4540:Ministry of Defence 4323:Combat Support Arms 4299:Special Air Service 4215:Royal Gurkha Rifles 4069:Royal Tank Regiment 3880:Order of precedence 3860:Army Sergeant Major 3835:Ministry of Defence 3722:. New York: Viking. 3656:. London: Cassell. 3428:Beckett, Ian F. W. 3297:on 16 December 2008 2257:, pp. 277–278. 2245:, pp. 258–275. 1846:Gregory, pp. 80, 82 1714:Royal Naval Reserve 1632:Order of Precedence 1615:Order of precedence 1593:Platoon Commander's 1402:The London regiment 1321:County Associations 1032:2nd London Division 1026:1st London Division 1018:(1st Line Yeomanry) 994:Glasgow Highlanders 955:Special Air Service 831:Leslie Hore-Belisha 804:Neville Chamberlain 246:Expeditionary Force 229:, with the mounted 18:Reserve of Officers 4345:Intelligence Corps 4236:Parachute Regiment 3488:. London: Methuen. 3323:on 5 October 2011. 2885:Beckett, pp. 215-6 2813:Beckett, p. 210-12 2127:, 31 January 1920, 2053:Beckett 2008 p. 97 1873:Dunlop pp, 107-108 1864:Dunlop pp. 100-102 1693:Home Service Force 1569:Second Lieutenants 1383:, the invasion of 1367:Operation Resolute 1002: 986: 947:Field Marshal Slim 777:tensions increased 775:During the 1930s, 748:British Government 504:During periods of 171: 155: 5035: 5034: 4839:Strategic Command 4781: 4780: 4634: 4633: 4506: 4505: 4488: 4487: 4484: 4483: 4292:Other Combat Arms 4287: 4286: 4121:Coldstream Guards 3991:Household Cavalry 3840:Army Headquarters 3710:978-1-844-15585-9 3691:978-0-7190-2595-2 3644:978-0-850-52422-2 3616:978-0-742-54537-3 3594:978-1-84342-474-1 3557:978-0-116-30181-9 3531:978-0-199-24630-4 3504:978-1-85117-007-4 3458:978-0-582-30470-3 3438:978-0-9557813-1-5 3421:978-0-300-17075-7 3100:. 14 October 2012 2753:Frederick, p. 326 2623:. 30 August 1955. 2535:Miller, Chapter 2 2181:978-0-9557813-1-5 2153:, 5 October 1921, 2114:, 31 January 1920 2101:, pp. 43–46. 2089:, pp. 41–42. 1646: 1645: 1637:Succeeded by 1411:Operation HERRICK 1371:Former Yugoslavia 1170: 1169: 720:Territorial Force 664:Territorial Force 574:South African War 556:Peterloo Massacre 510:royal prerogative 502: 501: 413:Current equipment 335:Army Headquarters 309:current regiments 195:Territorial Force 175: 174: 124:Director Reserves 118:Sir Roland Walker 88:Volunteer Reserve 16:(Redirected from 5080: 5025: 5024: 4967:Non-departmental 4817:Service commands 4674:(House of Lords) 4645: 4567:Service branches 4563: 4533: 4526: 4519: 4510: 4498: 4497: 4402: 4189:Mercian Regiment 4116:Grenadier Guards 4104: 4004:Blues and Royals 3987: 3814: 3807: 3800: 3791: 3732: 3723: 3714: 3695: 3676: 3667: 3648: 3629: 3620: 3598: 3579: 3570: 3561: 3549: 3535: 3516: 3489: 3480: 3471: 3462: 3450: 3425: 3395: 3394: 3392: 3390: 3379: 3373: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3331: 3325: 3324: 3313: 3307: 3306: 3304: 3302: 3287: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3273: 3262: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3245: 3237: 3231: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3210: 3204: 3203: 3197: 3189: 3177: 3171: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3124: 3116: 3110: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3090: 3084: 3083: 3072: 3066: 3065: 3063: 3055: 3049: 3048: 3046: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3016: 3010: 3009: 3007: 2999: 2993: 2992: 2990: 2982: 2973: 2970: 2964: 2961: 2955: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2935: 2922: 2919: 2913: 2910: 2904: 2901: 2895: 2892: 2886: 2883: 2877: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2861: 2853: 2841: 2835: 2832: 2823: 2820: 2814: 2811: 2805: 2802: 2796: 2793: 2787: 2784: 2775: 2772: 2766: 2763: 2754: 2751: 2745: 2742: 2736: 2733: 2727: 2724: 2718: 2715: 2709: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2691: 2688: 2682: 2681: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2658: 2652: 2649: 2643: 2642: 2641:on 2 April 2012. 2637:. 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1871: 1865: 1862: 1856: 1853: 1847: 1844: 1838: 1835: 1829: 1826: 1820: 1813: 1807: 1806:Sheppard, p. 217 1804: 1798: 1783: 1777: 1774: 1768: 1765: 1759: 1756: 1750: 1747: 1665: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1622:Preceded by 1619: 1265:House of Commons 1180:Northern Ireland 1004: 912:rearguard action 858:Second World War 852:Second World War 838:formed in 1939. 815:Munich Agreement 806:met with German 740:Territorial Army 695:Victoria Crosses 691:Geoffrey Woolley 582:Cardwell Reforms 514:Second World War 494: 487: 480: 392:Officer insignia 283: 282: 267: 260: 237:was renamed the 208:Territorial Army 200:Territorial Army 146: 76: 74: 73: 58: 56: 55: 32: 21: 5088: 5087: 5083: 5082: 5081: 5079: 5078: 5077: 5038: 5037: 5036: 5031: 5015: 4991: 4968: 4961: 4938: 4917: 4903:Defence Digital 4882: 4875: 4843: 4812: 4808:Air Force Board 4793:Admiralty Board 4777: 4730: 4682: 4640:Defence Council 4630: 4601: 4597:Royal Air Force 4552: 4542: 4537: 4507: 4502: 4480: 4443:General's Corps 4442: 4435: 4407: 4400: 4359:Combat Services 4354: 4335:Royal Engineers 4330:Royal Artillery 4318: 4309:Ranger Regiment 4283: 4246: 4240: 4224: 4203: 4151: 4145: 4093: 4025: 4018: 3982: 3976: 3823: 3818: 3787: 3757: 3739: 3737:Further reading 3726: 3717: 3711: 3698: 3692: 3679: 3670: 3664: 3651: 3645: 3632: 3623: 3617: 3601: 3595: 3582: 3573: 3564: 3558: 3538: 3532: 3519: 3505: 3492: 3483: 3474: 3465: 3459: 3442: 3422: 3406: 3403: 3398: 3388: 3386: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3366: 3364: 3359: 3358: 3354: 3344: 3342: 3333: 3332: 3328: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3300: 3298: 3289: 3288: 3281: 3271: 3269: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3249: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3238: 3234: 3224: 3222: 3212: 3211: 3207: 3190: 3179: 3178: 3174: 3164: 3162: 3157: 3156: 3152: 3143: 3142: 3138: 3128: 3126: 3122: 3118: 3117: 3113: 3103: 3101: 3092: 3091: 3087: 3074: 3073: 3069: 3061: 3057: 3056: 3052: 3044: 3040: 3039: 3035: 3025: 3023: 3018: 3017: 3013: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2988: 2984: 2983: 2976: 2971: 2967: 2962: 2958: 2954:Beckett, p. 230 2953: 2949: 2941: 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1329: 1298: 1175: 974: 860: 732: 666: 660: 658:First World War 638:London Regiment 634:Special Reserve 622:Volunteer Force 570: 564: 536: 531: 498: 462: 444: 387:Senior officers 315: 314: 277: 276: 275: 239:Special Reserve 227:Volunteer Force 219:Richard Haldane 190:Regular Reserve 178: 161: 142: 71: 69: 53: 51: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5086: 5084: 5076: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5040: 5039: 5033: 5032: 5020: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5013: 5008: 5001: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4990: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4973: 4971: 4963: 4962: 4960: 4959: 4953: 4946: 4944: 4940: 4939: 4937: 4936: 4931: 4925: 4923: 4919: 4918: 4916: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4894: 4887: 4885: 4877: 4876: 4874: 4873: 4867: 4864: 4858: 4851: 4849: 4845: 4844: 4842: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4820: 4818: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4789: 4787: 4786:Service boards 4783: 4782: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4775: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4763: 4760: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4746: 4740: 4738: 4732: 4731: 4729: 4728: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 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4076: 4074:Royal Yeomanry 4071: 4066: 4064:Light Dragoons 4061: 4056: 4051: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4030: 4028: 4026:Armoured Corps 4020: 4019: 4017: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3995: 3993: 3984: 3978: 3977: 3975: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3948: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3909: 3904: 3903: 3902: 3897: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3870:Future Soldier 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3831: 3829: 3825: 3824: 3819: 3817: 3816: 3809: 3802: 3794: 3785: 3784: 3779: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3756: 3755:External links 3753: 3752: 3751: 3738: 3735: 3734: 3733: 3724: 3715: 3709: 3696: 3690: 3677: 3668: 3662: 3649: 3643: 3630: 3621: 3615: 3603:Levy, James P. 3599: 3593: 3580: 3574:Heyman, M. A. 3571: 3562: 3556: 3546:Grand Strategy 3536: 3530: 3517: 3503: 3490: 3481: 3472: 3463: 3457: 3440: 3426: 3420: 3402: 3399: 3397: 3396: 3374: 3352: 3341:on 5 June 2008 3326: 3308: 3279: 3257: 3232: 3205: 3186:Forces Network 3172: 3150: 3136: 3111: 3085: 3067: 3050: 3033: 3022:. 10 July 2013 3011: 2994: 2974: 2965: 2956: 2947: 2923: 2914: 2905: 2896: 2887: 2878: 2869: 2850:Forces Network 2836: 2824: 2815: 2806: 2797: 2788: 2776: 2767: 2755: 2746: 2737: 2728: 2719: 2710: 2701: 2692: 2683: 2668: 2653: 2644: 2626: 2611: 2602: 2593: 2571: 2564: 2556:Rogue Warriors 2546: 2544:Miller, p. 397 2537: 2528: 2519: 2517:Kiszley p. 260 2510: 2501: 2492: 2483: 2474: 2465: 2456: 2447: 2438: 2429: 2420: 2411: 2399: 2387: 2378: 2369: 2357: 2353:Messenger 1994 2345: 2336: 2324: 2311: 2298: 2294:Messenger 1994 2286: 2284:, p. 518. 2271: 2269:, p. 281. 2259: 2247: 2235: 2223: 2211: 2185: 2168: 2155: 2142: 2140:, 15 July 1921 2129: 2116: 2103: 2091: 2079: 2067: 2065:, p. 323. 2055: 2046: 2037: 2028: 2019: 2010: 2008:Campbell, P255 2001: 1999:Simkins, p. 45 1992: 1983: 1974: 1965: 1963:Simkins, p. 41 1956: 1947: 1938: 1929: 1911: 1909:Perry pp.126-7 1902: 1893: 1884: 1875: 1866: 1857: 1855:Dunlop p. 97-9 1848: 1839: 1830: 1821: 1808: 1799: 1778: 1769: 1760: 1751: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1690: 1684: 1678: 1673: 1667: 1666: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1638: 1635: 1628: 1623: 1616: 1613: 1519: 1516: 1469: 1466: 1461:Main article: 1458: 1457:Basic training 1455: 1429: 1426: 1393:Royal Yeomanry 1353: 1350: 1328: 1325: 1314: 1313: 1308: 1307: 1297: 1294: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1223: 1217: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1167: 1162: 1156: 1155: 1150: 1144: 1143: 1138: 1132: 1131: 1126: 1120: 1119: 1114: 1108: 1107: 1102: 1096: 1095: 1090: 1084: 1083: 1078: 1072: 1071: 1066: 1060: 1059: 1054: 1048: 1047: 1042: 1036: 1035: 1029: 1022: 1021: 1019: 1012: 1011: 1008: 973: 970: 951:David Stirling 859: 856: 801:Prime Minister 785:United Kingdom 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1978: 1975: 1969: 1966: 1960: 1957: 1951: 1948: 1942: 1939: 1933: 1930: 1925: 1921: 1915: 1912: 1906: 1903: 1900:Perry, p. 148 1897: 1894: 1888: 1885: 1882:Dunlop p. 110 1879: 1876: 1870: 1867: 1861: 1858: 1852: 1849: 1843: 1840: 1834: 1831: 1825: 1822: 1818: 1812: 1809: 1803: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1782: 1779: 1773: 1770: 1764: 1761: 1758:Dunlop, p. 55 1755: 1752: 1746: 1744: 1740: 1734: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1668: 1664: 1653: 1648: 1641: 1634: 1633: 1626: 1620: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1606: 1605:Light Cavalry 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1561: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1525: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1509: 1503: 1502: 1498: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1478: 1477: 1473: 1467: 1464: 1456: 1454: 1450: 1447: 1441: 1437: 1435: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1407:tours of duty 1403: 1397: 1394: 1390: 1386: 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H. 3521: 3494: 3485: 3476: 3467: 3446: 3429: 3411: 3401:Bibliography 3387:. Retrieved 3377: 3365:. Retrieved 3355: 3343:. Retrieved 3339:the original 3329: 3321:the original 3311: 3299:. Retrieved 3295:the original 3270:. Retrieved 3260: 3248:. Retrieved 3235: 3223:. Retrieved 3217: 3208: 3185: 3175: 3163:. Retrieved 3153: 3139: 3127:. Retrieved 3114: 3102:. Retrieved 3097: 3088: 3079: 3070: 3053: 3036: 3024:. Retrieved 3014: 2997: 2968: 2959: 2950: 2917: 2908: 2899: 2890: 2881: 2872: 2849: 2839: 2818: 2809: 2800: 2791: 2770: 2749: 2740: 2731: 2722: 2713: 2704: 2695: 2686: 2677: 2671: 2662: 2656: 2647: 2639:the original 2629: 2620: 2614: 2605: 2596: 2584:. 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1735:References 1687:Home Guard 1609:Warminster 1575:includes: 1573:Lieutenant 1565:Commission 1419:roulements 1312:Artillery. 808:Chancellor 757:Geddes Axe 549:Volunteers 288:Components 104:Commanders 48:Allegiance 4958:(defunct) 4649:Political 4626:the Irish 4247:regiments 3983:and Corps 3981:Regiments 3912:Equipment 2678:The Times 2663:The Times 2621:The Times 2407:Levy 2006 2320:The Times 2307:The Times 2267:Bell 1997 2255:Bell 1997 2243:Bell 1997 2231:Bell 1997 2207:The Times 2164:The Times 2151:The Times 2138:The Times 2125:The Times 2112:The Times 1589:Subaltern 1512:Catterick 1409:in Iraq, 1342:Lionheart 924:Commandos 716:Gallipoli 712:Gibraltar 648:divisions 624:with the 506:total war 405:Equipment 379:Personnel 5028:Category 4688:Military 4616:Scotland 4500:Category 4441:Adjutant 4408:Services 4245:Overseas 4229:Airborne 4152:Infantry 4099:Infantry 3967:Timeline 3952:Uniforms 3927:Training 3895:Chemical 3605:(2006). 3542:(1976). 3513:18072764 3410:(2015). 3389:26 March 3367:26 March 3219:Facebook 3194:cite web 3098:BBC News 2858:cite web 2199:Archived 1924:BBC News 1649:See also 1557:Module D 1550:Module C 1540:Module B 1536:(RMAS). 1530:Module A 1518:Officers 1493:and the 1468:Soldiers 787:and its 783:and the 779:between 652:brigades 645:infantry 626:Yeomanry 541:Yeomanry 449:Location 435:Timeline 343:Overseas 231:Yeomanry 144:War flag 137:Insignia 3962:History 3900:Nuclear 3828:General 3272:8 April 3250:8 April 3225:8 April 3165:9 April 3129:8 April 3026:7 April 2586:7 April 1501:Phase 2 1485:or the 1476:Phase 1 781:Germany 630:militia 545:cavalry 534:Origins 529:History 430:History 421:History 278:of the 235:Militia 115:General 94:Website 4872:(UKHO) 4863:(DSTL) 4608:nation 4208:Rifles 3931:Ranks 3916:Rifles 3746: 3707: 3688: 3660: 3641: 3613: 3591: 3554: 3528: 3511: 3501: 3455: 3436: 3418: 3345:2 June 2562: 2183:, 102. 2179: 1601:Brecon 966:VJ Day 964:After 935:Kohima 789:allies 576:, the 75: 66:Branch 57: 40:Active 5007:(OPA) 4899:(DIO) 4893:(DBS) 4621:Wales 4024:Royal 3244:(PDF) 3123:(PDF) 3062:(PDF) 3045:(PDF) 3006:(PDF) 2989:(PDF) 2942:(PDF) 1785:e.g. 819:annex 4150:Line 3744:ISBN 3705:ISBN 3686:ISBN 3658:ISBN 3639:ISBN 3611:ISBN 3589:ISBN 3552:ISBN 3526:ISBN 3509:OCLC 3499:ISBN 3453:ISBN 3434:ISBN 3416:ISBN 3391:2021 3369:2021 3347:2008 3303:2008 3274:2021 3252:2021 3227:2021 3200:link 3167:2021 3131:2021 3106:2015 3028:2021 2864:link 2588:2021 2560:ISBN 2177:ISBN 1385:Iraq 1226:51st 894:and 874:and 768:and 766:26th 297:Army 180:The 162:flag 84:Role 4606:By 1599:in 1413:in 722:). 518:NHS 241:). 5044:: 3507:. 3282:^ 3216:. 3196:}} 3192:{{ 3184:. 3096:. 3078:. 2977:^ 2926:^ 2860:}} 2856:{{ 2848:. 2827:^ 2779:^ 2758:^ 2274:^ 1922:. 1742:^ 1514:. 1510:, 1277:. 996:, 961:. 930:. 890:, 886:, 882:, 870:, 826:. 772:. 612:, 217:, 4799:) 4795:( 4532:e 4525:t 4518:v 3918:) 3914:( 3813:e 3806:t 3799:v 3713:. 3694:. 3666:. 3647:. 3619:. 3597:. 3578:. 3560:. 3534:. 3515:. 3461:. 3424:. 3393:. 3371:. 3349:. 3305:. 3276:. 3254:. 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