1100:
623:
307:
the rump left wing of the Reform Party in an election held the same year. The United Party thereafter remained in government for nearly three decades, with
Huggins leading it until his retirement in 1956. The party renamed itself the United Rhodesia Party in 1953, soon after Southern Rhodesia was
287:, when the party narrowly topped the popular vote, but lost the election, winning only nine of the 30 seats compared to the Reform Party's 16. Although the Reform Party was left-wing in name, many of its leading members, including the new prime minister Dr
347:
unsuccessfully attempted to re-enter
Parliament, pursuing a moderate platform in opposition to the RF government and UDI. In 1973, the name was revived again by white moderates who entered the
712:
575:
236:
1139:
1154:
1134:
653:
267:
was organised in 1922, and responsible government won the day. Southern
Rhodesia was duly made self-governing and semi-independent within the Empire in October 1923.
210:. When responsible government was achieved in 1923, the party became the governing Rhodesia Party. It endured until 1934, when it merged with the right wing of the
764:
1159:
1144:
264:
868:
700:
1108:
915:
776:
568:
1073:
337:
304:
284:
817:
332:, both of whom pursued mildly reformist policies which led to expanded political participation by black Africans. It was removed from power by the
770:
1079:
787:
1164:
863:
343:
The
Rhodesia Party name was revived twice. Following the UFP's electoral defeat in 1962, the opposition would regroup under the RP moniker and
240:
683:
665:
584:
561:
1149:
1085:
309:
689:
671:
706:
280:
921:
752:
637:
502:
483:
279:, and the party continued as the Rhodesia Party, which had a broader base of support, including a number of former unionists in its
909:
874:
677:
348:
927:
805:
799:
291:, were politically conservative; the Rhodesia Party merged with the Reform Party's more rightist members in 1934 to form the
939:
611:
643:
232:
128:
44:
793:
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276:
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102:
1113:
933:
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724:
321:
170:
648:
1099:
1044:
974:
528:
145:
263:, whilst its main opponents were the Unionists, who advocated integration into South Africa. A
1050:
997:
853:
847:
479:
313:
195:
121:
235:, a Bulawayo lawyer originally from South Africa, the RGA was formed in 1917, and fought the
1020:
520:
1103:
891:
475:
333:
329:
288:
1038:
1014:
858:
695:
248:
203:
1128:
1026:
991:
968:
962:
468:
325:
542:
Source Book of
Parliamentary Elections and Referenda in Southern Rhodesia, 1898–1962
1032:
344:
218:, which remained in power for 28 years afterwards, and was itself defunct by 1965.
605:
495:
The years between 1923–1973: half a century of responsible government in
Rhodesia
758:
553:
622:
133:
1056:
516:
317:
588:
150:
532:
117:
524:
557:
320:, and merged with the Federal Party in 1958 to become the
1066:
1007:
984:
955:
827:
743:
630:
595:
156:
144:
127:
113:
98:
74:
50:
40:
32:
23:
505:(April 1980). "The Lessons of Zimbabwe-Rhodesia".
467:
606:Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
243:. The party's main platform was one in favour of
713:Zimbabwe African People's Union – Federal Party
255:, which had been formed in 1910 by the British
569:
429:
427:
259:. In this campaign the RGA was allied to the
8:
546:University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
407:
227:Responsible Government Association (1917–23)
1140:1934 disestablishments in Southern Rhodesia
916:Southern Rhodesia African National Congress
654:Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai
303:With Huggins at the helm, the United Party
576:
562:
554:
391:
389:
351:on a reformist platform but won no seats.
198:. Founded in 1917, it initially advocated
20:
1155:Political parties disestablished in 1934
1135:1917 establishments in Southern Rhodesia
701:Zimbabwe African National Union – Ndonga
771:Movement for Democratic Change Alliance
544:. Salisbury: Department of Government,
418:
385:
365:
206:, as opposed to incorporation into the
777:Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube
1160:Political parties established in 1917
1145:Defunct political parties in Zimbabwe
818:Zimbabwe United People's Organisation
684:United Movement for Democratic Change
666:National Alliance for Good Governance
433:
395:
251:, and against incorporation into the
7:
445:
194:from 1923, was a political party in
16:Political party in Southern Rhodesia
880:Responsible Government Association
188:Responsible Government Association
14:
922:Southern Rhodesia Communist Party
753:Conservative Alliance of Zimbabwe
247:for Southern Rhodesia within the
202:for Southern Rhodesia within the
1098:
736:Zimbabwe Youth in Alliance (ZYA)
678:Patriotic Union of Mandebeleland
621:
928:Southern Rhodesia Liberal Party
806:Zimbabwe African National Union
800:United African National Council
707:Zimbabwe African People's Union
540:Willson, F. M. G., ed. (1963).
515:(4). Cambridge, Massachusetts:
497:. Salisbury: H. C. P. Andersen.
910:Rhodesian White People's Party
765:Movement for Democratic Change
1:
1165:Political parties in Rhodesia
940:United National Federal Party
612:Citizens Coalition for Change
493:Gale, William Daniel (1973).
283:. It remained in power until
340:, and was inactive by 1965.
277:Premier of Southern Rhodesia
1150:Liberal parties in Zimbabwe
1181:
719:Zimbabwe Development Party
1094:
869:National Democratic Party
788:People's Democratic Party
619:
275:Coghlan became the first
166:
157:International affiliation
672:National Patriotic Front
660:Mthwakazi Republic Party
372:Renamed Zimbabwe in 1980
271:Rhodesia Party (1923–34)
904:Rhodesia National Party
812:Zimbabwe Unity Movement
759:Forum Party of Zimbabwe
324:. Its leaders included
146:Political position
886:Rhodesian Action Party
638:Coalition of Democrats
508:International Security
257:South Africa Act, 1909
245:responsible government
200:responsible government
946:United Rhodesia Party
898:Rhodesia Labour Party
731:Zimbabwe Labour Party
690:United People's Party
470:A History of Rhodesia
265:government referendum
253:Union of South Africa
208:Union of South Africa
1114:Politics of Zimbabwe
934:United Federal Party
837:Central Africa Party
725:Zimbabwe First Party
355:Notes and references
322:United Federal Party
171:Politics of Rhodesia
1047:(ZANU, ZANU–Ndonga)
649:Mavambo/Kusile/Dawn
241:Legislative Council
233:Sir Charles Coghlan
1109:Parties by country
1045:Ndabaningi Sithole
975:Emmerson Mnangagwa
744:Defunct Zimbabwean
436:, pp. 220–221
190:(RGA), called the
1122:
1121:
1051:Morgan Tsvangirai
998:Morgan Tsvangirai
854:Confederate Party
848:City Youth League
828:Defunct Rhodesian
644:Liberal Democrats
585:Political parties
503:Lord Saint Brides
408:Saint Brides 1980
338:electoral victory
314:Northern Rhodesia
196:Southern Rhodesia
184:
183:
122:Southern Rhodesia
1172:
1102:
1021:Arthur Mutambara
794:Republican Front
625:
578:
571:
564:
555:
549:
536:
498:
489:
473:
449:
448:, pp. 88–89
443:
437:
431:
422:
416:
410:
405:
399:
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305:roundly defeated
239:to the colony's
99:Merged into
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85:
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68:
61:
59:
21:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1174:
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1170:
1169:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1090:
1076:(ZANU, ZANU–PF)
1062:
1035:(ZAPU, ZANU–PF)
1003:
985:Prime Ministers
980:
951:
892:Rhodesian Front
829:
823:
783:Patriotic Front
745:
739:
626:
617:
591:
582:
552:
539:
525:10.2307/2626673
501:
492:
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476:Alfred A. Knopf
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334:Rhodesian Front
330:Edgar Whitehead
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289:Godfrey Huggins
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45:Charles Coghlan
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1067:Armed factions
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1061:
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1054:
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1039:Welshman Ncube
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1015:Nelson Chamisa
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859:Dominion Party
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773:(MDC-Alliance)
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285:September 1933
272:
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249:British Empire
228:
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214:to create the
204:British Empire
192:Rhodesia Party
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26:Rhodesia Party
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1027:Abel Muzorewa
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1006:
999:
996:
993:
992:Robert Mugabe
990:
989:
987:
983:
976:
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969:Robert Mugabe
967:
964:
963:Canaan Banana
961:
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864:Federal Party
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705:
703:(ZANU–Ndonga)
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664:
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631:Other parties
629:
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597:Parliamentary
594:
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517:The MIT Press
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485:0-394-48068-6
481:
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472:
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465:
464:Blake, Robert
461:
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455:
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447:
442:
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435:
430:
428:
424:
421:, p. 129
420:
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412:
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398:, p. 179
397:
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390:
386:
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378:
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359:
358:
354:
352:
350:
349:1974 election
346:
341:
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335:
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326:Garfield Todd
323:
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237:1920 election
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73:
53:
49:
46:
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39:
35:
31:
22:
19:
1053:(MDC, MDC–T)
1033:Joshua Nkomo
1017:(MDC–T, CCC)
879:
875:Reform Party
842:Centre Party
541:
512:
506:
494:
474:. New York:
469:
456:Bibliography
441:
419:Willson 1963
414:
403:
368:
345:Roy Welensky
342:
302:
293:United Party
274:
261:Labour Party
230:
216:United Party
212:Reform Party
191:
187:
185:
160:
114:Headquarters
108:Centre Party
103:United Party
41:First Leader
33:Abbreviation
18:
519:: 177–184.
1129:Categories
1008:Key people
956:Presidents
727:(ZimFirst)
434:Blake 1977
396:Blake 1977
380:References
134:Liberalism
1057:Ian Smith
994:(ZANU–PF)
977:(ZANU–PF)
971:(ZANU–PF)
715:(ZAPU–FP)
608:(ZANU–PF)
446:Gale 1973
318:Nyasaland
310:federated
176:Elections
118:Salisbury
75:Dissolved
1104:Politics
589:Zimbabwe
466:(1977).
336:'s 1962
139:Unionism
129:Ideology
1086:FROLIZI
1041:(MDC–N)
1023:(MDC–M)
1000:(MDC–T)
918:(SRANC)
830:parties
779:(MDC–N)
746:parties
656:(MDC–T)
599:parties
533:2626673
281:cabinet
231:Led by
222:History
89: (
80: (
65: (
56: (
51:Founded
1082:(ZAPU)
1029:(UANC)
965:(ZANU)
942:(UNFP)
930:(SRLP)
924:(SRCP)
912:(RWPP)
820:(ZUPO)
808:(ZANU)
802:(UANC)
709:(ZAPU)
686:(UMDC)
680:(PUMA)
668:(NAGG)
640:(CODE)
531:
482:
299:Legacy
151:Centre
105:(1934)
1080:ZIPRA
1074:ZANLA
948:(URP)
936:(UFP)
906:(RNP)
900:(RLP)
888:(RAP)
882:(RGA)
871:(NDP)
850:(CYL)
814:(ZUM)
790:(PDP)
767:(MDC)
761:(FPZ)
755:(CAZ)
733:(ZLP)
721:(ZDP)
692:(UPP)
674:(NPF)
662:(MRP)
614:(CCC)
529:JSTOR
360:Notes
312:with
137:Anti-
1059:(RF)
894:(RF)
844:(CP)
796:(RF)
480:ISBN
328:and
316:and
186:The
161:None
91:1968
87:1968
82:1934
78:1934
67:1962
63:1962
58:1917
54:1917
587:in
521:doi
36:RGA
1131::
527:.
511:.
478:.
426:^
388:^
295:.
120:,
577:e
570:t
563:v
548:.
535:.
523::
513:4
488:.
93:)
84:)
69:)
60:)
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