1473:
1703:, which ran counter to the prevailing trends of that period. The 1897 election had the lowest turnout in Hawaii's history with less than one percent of the population going to the polls. The new Republic Constitution allowed only men that were natural born citizens of the Hawaiian Kingdom, or naturalized Citizens of the Kingdom to vote in the new Republic. This eliminated most all Japanese, Chinese, Portuguese, and European immigrants from voting. As a result, Native Hawaiians had a two-thirds majority voting block and were the highest represented group in the Republic Legislature. The Speaker of the House of the Republic was also a Hawaiian,
1784:
1762:
1464:(USMC) were sent by the U.S. Minister to aid in the overthrow. The Queen's supporters claimed that the Marines presence frightened the Queen and thus enabled the revolution. Blount concluded that the United States had carried out unauthorized partisan activities, including the landing of U.S. Marines under a false or exaggerated pretext, to support the anti-royalist conspirators; that these actions were instrumental to the success of the revolution; and that the revolution was carried out against the wishes of a majority of the population of Hawaii.
1980:, whipping up popular excitement. Mahan and Roosevelt took the forging a global strategy calling for a competitive modern navy, Pacific bases, an isthmian canal through Nicaragua or Panama, and, above all, an assertive role for America as the largest industrial power. President McKinley's position was that Hawaii could never survive on its own. It would quickly be gobbled up by Japan—already a fourth of the islands' population was Japanese. Japan would then dominate the Pacific and undermine American hopes for large-scale trade with Asia.
1722:
1797:
382:
71:
57:
333:
308:
1514:, which undermined the Blount Report's claims. Public opinion in the United States favored annexation. In May 1894 the U.S. Senate unanimously passed a resolution opposing restoration of the Queen, opposing intrusion into the affairs of the Dole government, and opposing American action that could lead immediately to annexation. President Cleveland thereupon dropped the issue, leaving the Republic of Hawaii to effectively fend for itself.
1805:
1780:
personnel at all times. After eight months she was allowed to go to her
Washington Place home and kept under house arrest by President Sanford B. Dole. A year later she was granted a full pardon, including the right to travel, and President Dole gave her a passport to travel to Washington D.C. to visit her friends and in-laws. However, she used that opportunity to lobby the U.S. Senate in 1897 against annexation.
3018:
706:
1636:
both houses of the legislature, and he was also commander-in-chief of the military. The
President appointed, subject to the confirmation of the Senate, members of his Cabinet. Cabinet members were considered users of both houses of the Legislature, they could participate in proceedings, but could not vote as they were not elected members of the Legislature. If the presidency became vacant, the
3587:
1531:
1269:
1749:
in the mountains before being captured. The son of one annexationist was killed. Several other skirmishes occurred during the following week resulting in the capture of the leading conspirators and their followers. The government found arms and ammunition and some potentially evidential documents on the premises of
1894:. Some observers speculated he would support annexation on grounds of the inability of the Asiatics to govern themselves. Instead, Blount opposed imperialism, and called for the U.S. military to restore Queen Liliuokalani. He argued that the Hawaii natives should be allowed to continue their "Asiatic ways."
1880:
Just as he stood up for the Samoan
Islands against Germany because he opposed the conquest of a lesser state by a greater one, so did he stand up for the Hawaiian Islands against his own nation. He could have let the annexation of Hawaii move inexorably to its inevitable culmination. But he opted for
1748:
location. At the location on
January 6, 1895, a company of royalists met to draft plans to capture the government buildings by surprise. A premature encounter with a squad of police alarmed Honolulu and the plans were abandoned as the royalists were quickly routed. Wilcox spent several days in hiding
1670:
The republic's
Legislature consisted of a senate and a house of representatives. Each had fifteen members with the former having six-year terms and the latter only two with the exception of the first legislature which was constitutionally granted a three-year term. Appropriation bills originated from
1675:
and were delivered to the Senate. The Senate also held the right to confirm presidential appointments and ratify treaties which made it more powerful in every aspect over the lower house. It was possible for legislators to concurrently serve as president, Cabinet minister, or
Supreme Court justice.
1779:
She was sentenced to 5 years' imprisonment at hard labor and a fine of $ 10,000. However, the imprisonment was served in a large bedroom with a piano, bathroom with hot and cold running water bathtub and sink at Iolani Palace where she was allowed two maids in waiting while under guard by military
1635:
of the
Republic of Hawaii. The constitution provided that the presidential term of office would be six years and specified that individuals could not be elected to consecutive terms in office. The President had the authority to veto legislation, which could be overridden by two-thirds majority in
1820:
as the 25th
President of the United States on March 4, 1897, the Republic of Hawaii resumed negotiations for annexation, which continued into the summer of 1898. In April 1898, the United States went to war with Spain, and Republic of Hawaii declared its neutrality. In practice, it gave enormous
1510:, which concluded that Minister Stevens had manipulated and orchestrated the revolt. Cleveland decided that the United States should restore the Queen; he asked for Dole's resignation; however, Dole ignored the request. The U.S. Senate held hearings regarding another report called the
1502:
take control. Annexation was delayed by two petitions with over 20,000 signatures representing over half of the Native
Hawaiian population. Because U.S. President Cleveland opposed annexation, the Queen herself took up residence in Washington to lobby for her restoration.
2634:
1881:
confrontation, which he hated, as it was to him the only way a weak and defenseless people might retain their independence. It was not the idea of annexation that Grover
Cleveland opposed, but the idea of annexation as a pretext for illicit territorial acquisition.
1864:
The issue of annexation became a major political issue heatedly debated across the United States, which carried over into the 1900 presidential election. By then the national consensus was in favor of the annexation of both Hawaii and the Philippines.
1872:
says that in the mid-1890s, "Public opinion at home seemed to indicate acquiescence.... Unmistakably, the sentiment at home was maturing with immense force for the United States to join the great powers of the world in a quest for overseas colonies."
123:
1828:, which required only a majority vote in both houses. Most of the support came from Republicans. It passed the house by a vote of 209 to 91. It was approved on July 4, 1898, and signed on July 7 by McKinley. The transfer of sovereignty over the
2627:
1460:"first provided evidence that officially identified the United States' complicity in the lawless overthrow of the lawful, peaceful government of Hawaii." American officials immediately recognized the new government and troops from the
2620:
1889:
as a special representative to Hawaii to investigate and provide a solution. Blount was well known for his opposition to imperialism. Blount was also a leader in the white supremacy movement that in the 1890s was
1480:
In 1887, members of the Reform Party of Hawaii forced the King to accept a new constitution limiting the monarch's constitutional power as defined by the Constitution of 1864. The Constitution of 1887, also called
1776:, because she allegedly knew that guns and bombs for the Wilcox attempted counter-revolution had been hidden in the flower bed of her personal residence at Washington Place. Liliuokalani denied these accusations.
2015:
2592:"Hawaii Statehood -- straightening out the history-twisters. A historical narrative defending the legitimacy of the revolution of 1893, the annexation of 1898, and the statehood vote of 1959. FULL VERSION"
1489:
against the monarch was carried out by more than 1,000 armed local men who were led by wealthy sugar planters and businessmen. There was no bloodshed as the royal armed forces did not resist. A temporary
3678:
530:
1853:
1239:
668:
3693:
1437:, to secure Hawaii's annexation by the United States. The issue of overseas imperialism was controversial in the United States due to its colonial origins. Hawaii was annexed under
1417:
but had strong financial, political, and family ties to the United States. They intended the Republic to become a territory of the United States. Dole was a former member of the
422:
3708:
3688:
3102:
412:
1753:, Liliuokalani's private residence, outlining in her own handwriting who she would select for her cabinet after the counter revolution, further implicating her in the plot.
3604:
592:
1472:
1876:
President Cleveland's biographer Alyn Brodsky argues his position was a deeply personal conviction that would not tolerate an immoral action against the little kingdom:
1891:
3683:
3673:
1012:
2124:
1517:
The Provisional Government convened a constitutional convention, limited to Hawaiians, and taxpayers of American or European origins, not including Asians.
3275:
1648:
1399:
1308:
1100:
661:
1989:
1821:
support to the United States, demonstrating its value as a naval base in wartime, and winning widespread American approval for its non-neutral behavior.
3703:
3021:
1700:
1482:
1376:
848:
587:
3648:
2963:
2958:
2983:
1942:
93:
3698:
2648:
654:
634:
363:
1485:
for the threats used to secure the King's approval, was enacted without legislative approval, leaving the monarch as a figurehead. In 1893, a
2948:
2194:
2107:
3658:
3270:
2297:
1052:
3122:
484:
2968:
2943:
1548:
1418:
3107:
2978:
2953:
2938:
2923:
725:
2778:
3567:
2933:
2928:
2913:
2376:
2343:
2234:
2166:
2063:
1614:
1486:
1365:
1042:
868:
818:
453:
407:
2446:
1498:. The leaders of the coup, who had strong economic ties with the United States, wanted Hawaii to join the United States, lest the
3084:
3054:
2996:
2877:
2796:
1898:
1660:
1659:. He would also be the nation's only President, as it was annexed by the United States in 1898. Upon annexation, Hawaii became a
1595:
1491:
1438:
1391:
1358:
1342:
1120:
886:
525:
448:
313:
2612:
3255:
2973:
1567:
1301:
1180:
1150:
1140:
1732:
was a Hawaiian native revolutionary. In 1889, he led an army of 150 Hawaiians, Europeans and Chinese in rebellion against the
3179:
1552:
1384:
1783:
1765:
Newspaper illustration of Queen Liliuokalani's public trial by a military tribunal in 1895 in the former throne room of the
3562:
3380:
3112:
2907:
2901:
1574:
1244:
371:
70:
3199:
2608:
1656:
1495:
1362:
1279:
3713:
3643:
2895:
2833:
1249:
1170:
808:
572:
2815:
2674:
1952:
However, the Antis could not stop the even more energetic forces of imperialism. They were led by Secretary of State
1937:." The League argued that such activity would necessitate the abandonment of American ideals of self-government and
1761:
1581:
3503:
3194:
3174:
2871:
1885:
Cleveland had to mobilize support from Southern Democrats to fight the treaty. He sent former Georgia Congressman
1294:
838:
686:
556:
3668:
3663:
3317:
3149:
3144:
2990:
2853:
2604:
1837:
982:
551:
1446:
3653:
3440:
3240:
3209:
2784:
2772:
2766:
1772:
The Republic of Hawaii put the former Queen on trial. The prosecution asserted that Liliuokalani had committed
1721:
1563:
858:
740:
489:
56:
3516:
1973:
1934:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1541:
1426:
1130:
1110:
546:
3154:
1796:
1740:
and to restore Queen Liliuokalani to power. Royalist supporters landed a cargo of arms and ammunition from
597:
111:
3521:
3430:
3420:
3292:
3097:
1906:
1886:
1234:
1229:
1090:
1022:
896:
494:
417:
2264:
3511:
3390:
3297:
3230:
3214:
2847:
2748:
2704:
2249:
1918:
1773:
1737:
1729:
1716:
1200:
1190:
1160:
934:
641:
504:
381:
229:
1704:
1372:
2335:
Grover Cleveland: The American Presidents Series: The 22nd and 24th President, 1885-1889 and 1893-1897
3557:
3547:
3526:
3184:
3047:
2730:
2698:
1994:
1254:
1080:
972:
828:
607:
520:
279:
3572:
3531:
3463:
2918:
2883:
2841:
2821:
2718:
2686:
2591:
1957:
1938:
1849:
1825:
1450:
1350:
1346:
962:
944:
906:
768:
602:
499:
463:
326:
252:
165:
2519:
3488:
3312:
3302:
3287:
3235:
2587:
2314:
1969:
1946:
1684:
1664:
1632:
1410:
612:
154:
1699:. There was also a property requirement of $ 1500 net worth to vote for Senators, kept from the
1588:
3395:
3250:
3204:
3169:
3139:
3092:
2865:
2760:
2742:
2575:
2559:
2372:
2339:
2333:
2230:
2224:
2190:
2162:
2103:
2059:
2053:
2021:
1961:
1845:
1461:
1414:
1326:
1224:
992:
695:
147:
2158:
3552:
3410:
3327:
3282:
3164:
3117:
2889:
2859:
2827:
2754:
2736:
2540:
His Hawaiian Excellency: The Overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy and the Annexation of Hawaii
2368:
2306:
2292:
2099:
1922:
1829:
1817:
1750:
1733:
1672:
1637:
1442:
1434:
1387:
1368:
758:
443:
391:
143:
705:
3493:
3473:
3468:
3458:
3335:
3307:
3245:
3159:
3134:
3040:
2809:
2790:
2724:
2710:
2644:
1977:
1910:
1652:
1499:
1406:
1334:
1032:
274:
184:
162:
1804:
1833:
788:
715:
438:
76:
62:
3637:
3591:
3483:
3478:
2803:
2680:
2652:
2408:
Fred H. Harrington, "The Anti-Imperialist Movement in the United States, 1898-1900."
2361:
2182:
2151:
1930:
1841:
1766:
1741:
1628:
1511:
1507:
1457:
1422:
1380:
1354:
1272:
1268:
798:
582:
577:
387:
351:
256:
159:
3448:
2692:
2424:
Fred Harvey Harrington, "Literary Aspects of American Anti-Imperialism 1898–1902,"
1641:
1002:
778:
17:
2516:
Pacific Gibraltar: U.S.-Japanese Rivalry Over the Annexation of Hawaii, 1885-1898
2275:
Thomas A. Bailey, "The United States and Hawaii during the Spanish–American War"
2093:
2668:
2502:
Politics, Strategy, and American Diplomacy: Studies in Foreign Policy, 1873-1917
1926:
1902:
1869:
1530:
1430:
1395:
3400:
2391:
Tennant S. McWilliams, "James H. Blount, the South, and Hawaiian Annexation."
2209:
Tennant S. McWilliams, "James H. Blount, the South, and Hawaiian Annexation,"
1965:
1914:
1809:
617:
122:
3619:
3606:
1429:, and he appointed Thurston—who had served as Minister of the Interior under
3415:
3340:
2663:
2457:
Thomas J. Osborne, "The Main Reason for Hawaiian Annexation in July, 1898,"
2125:"Jan. 17, 1893 | Hawaiian Monarchy Overthrown by America-Backed Businessmen"
2025:
2441:
Warren Zimmermann, "Jingoes, Goo-Goos, and the Rise of America's Empire."
2295:(1937). "Was the Presidential Election of 1900 a Mandate on Imperialism?".
1379:. The Committee of Public Safety intended for Hawaii to be annexed by the
3453:
3074:
1953:
1745:
1680:
1402:
was subsequently written while Hawaii was being prepared for annexation.
168:
133:
2462:
394:
in distress and is the main symbol of the Hawaiian sovereignty movement.
3360:
2478:
2413:
2396:
2318:
2280:
1555: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2429:
3405:
3365:
3265:
3260:
3129:
3064:
2473:
Thomas A. Bailey, "Japan's Protest Against the Annexation of Hawaii"
2226:
Hawai'i Politics and Government: An American State in a Pacific World
1972:. These expansionists had vigorous support from newspaper publishers
1338:
1070:
468:
2310:
1897:
A vigorous nationwide anti-expansionist movement, organized as the
3425:
3350:
3345:
3032:
2533:
The Hawaiian Republic (1894–98) and its struggle to win annexation
1803:
1795:
1782:
1760:
1720:
1471:
1413:, were Hawaii-born descendants of American settlers who spoke the
1824:
With the opposition weakened, Hawaii was annexed by means of the
3370:
3355:
1848:
in its place. It was renamed from the Republic of Hawaii to the
1736:. In 1895, Wilcox participated in another attempt, this time to
3036:
2616:
2080:
The United States and the Hawaiian Kingdom: A Political History
1453:
was formally established as part of the U.S. on June 14, 1900.
27:
Transitional republic in Hawaii before US annexation, 1894–1898
2518:(Naval Institute Press, 2011). A major scholarly history; see
1524:
1725:
Troops of the Republic of Hawaii after the counter-revolution
2555:
Online images and transcriptions of the entire Morgan Report
2509:
Hawaii: A History, from Polynesian Kingdom to American State
2260:
2258:
2552:
2495:
Sanford Ballard Dole: Hawaii's Only President, 1844-1926
1832:
took place on August 12, 1898, with the lowering of the
1506:
President Cleveland sent an investigator who wrote the
2535:(Susquehanna U Press, 1992); a major scholarly history
2082:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. p. 235.
1941:—ideals expressed in the Declaration of Independence,
99:"The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness"
2576:"The Annexation Of Hawaii: A Collection Of Documents"
2153:
The Clash: U.S.-Japanese Relations Throughout History
2055:
The Hawaiian Kingdom: 1874–1893, the Kalakaua dynasty
1854:
organized incorporated territory of the United States
3679:
Former regions and territories of the United States
3540:
3502:
3439:
3379:
3326:
3223:
3083:
2020:. Honolulu: Papapai Mahu Press Publishing Company.
1787:
1898 Hawaiian Consulate request for travel tickets.
1683:had boycotted the republic and refused to take the
347:
270:
249:
239:
226:
216:
204:
190:
178:
153:
139:
129:
34:
2360:
2150:
2038:Ball, Milner S. "Symposium: Native American Law,"
1644:until the Legislature voted to elect a successor.
2596:Hawaiian Sovereignty: Thinking Carefully About It
2500:Grenville, John A. S. and George Berkeley Young.
2223:Richard C. Pratt; Zachary Alden Smith (2000).
3694:States and territories disestablished in 1898
3048:
2628:
2504:(1966) pp 102–124 on Hawaii policy, 1893-1895
1929:violated the fundamental principle that just
1302:
662:
8:
3709:1898 disestablishments in the United States
1892:ending the right to vote by southern Blacks
3689:States and territories established in 1894
3055:
3041:
3033:
2635:
2621:
2613:
2123:Network, The Learning (January 17, 2012).
1990:Territorial evolution of the United States
1309:
1295:
680:
669:
655:
423:US federal recognition of Native Hawaiians
358:
121:
31:
2582:. University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa Library.
1901:, emerged that listened to Cleveland and
1615:Learn how and when to remove this message
2562:. University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa Library
2520:online review by Kenneth R. Conklin, PhD
2098:. Oxford University Press, USA. p.
1800:An anti-annexation meeting at Hilo, 1897
1359:unincorporated and unorganized territory
2006:
1215:
694:
625:
564:
538:
512:
476:
430:
399:
370:
2363:Grover Cleveland: A Study in Character
2189:. McDougal Littell. pp. 550–551.
1349:, and August 12, 1898, when it became
3684:History of United States expansionism
3674:Former countries of the United States
2896:The Great Republic of Rough and Ready
2058:. U of Hawaii Press. pp. 601–4.
1852:, which was formally organized as an
1405:The leaders of the Republic, such as
248:
238:
225:
215:
211:
189:
177:
173:
7:
2410:Mississippi Valley Historical Review
2298:Mississippi Valley Historical Review
2229:. U of Nebraska Press. p. 100.
1943:George Washington's Farewell Address
1553:adding citations to reliable sources
1476:The founding members of the Republic
2664:Kingdoms and Provinces of New Spain
3170:ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Language)
2560:"Blount Report: Affairs in Hawaii"
1925:opposed expansion, believing that
1792:End and annexation of the Republic
531:125th anniversary of the overthrow
25:
3568:Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
2526:The Hawaiian Revolution (1893-94)
1812:of the Republic of Hawaii in 1898
408:Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
94:Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono
3704:1898 disestablishments in Hawaii
3585:
3017:
3016:
2997:Provisional Government of Hawaii
2878:Provisional Government of Oregon
2797:Provisional Government of Mexico
2265:Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen
1899:American Anti-Imperialist League
1738:overthrow the Republic of Hawaii
1627:The President of Hawaii was the
1529:
1492:Provisional Government of Hawaii
1343:Provisional Government of Hawaii
1267:
704:
635:Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen
526:2008 occupation of Iolani Palace
380:
331:
314:Provisional Government of Hawaii
306:
241:• Restoration attempt ends
69:
55:
3649:Pre-statehood history of Hawaii
3620:21.3113888889°N 157.796388889°W
1905:, as well as Democratic leader
1540:needs additional citations for
1341:between July 4, 1894, when the
1101:State Constitutional Convention
485:Hawaiian rebellions (1887–1895)
230:Attempt to restore the monarchy
3180:Pearl Harbor National Memorial
2213:(1988) 57#1 pp. 25-46 esp p 43
1445:on 12 August 1898, during the
1433:—to lead a lobbying effort in
1:
3699:1894 establishments in Hawaii
3625:21.3113888889; -157.796388889
3563:Hawaiian sovereignty movement
2908:Confederate States of America
2461:(1970) 71#2 pp. 161–178
2095:The Hawaii State Constitution
1468:Establishment of the Republic
730:
2902:The Kingdom of Beaver Island
2609:Category:Territory of Hawaii
2445:(1976) 22#2 (1998): 42-65.
2052:Ralph S. Kuykendall (1967).
3659:Former republics in Oceania
2580:Hawaiian Digital Collection
2507:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson.
2459:Oregon Historical Quarterly
2014:Spencer, Thomas P. (1895).
1638:Minister of Foreign Affairs
1121:Occupation of Iolani Palace
809:French invasion of Honolulu
573:Sovereignty Restoration Day
413:Opposition to the overthrow
3730:
2872:Republic of the Rio Grande
2602:
2514:Morgan, William Michael.
2428:, 10#4 (1937), pp 650-67.
2338:. Macmillan. p. 121.
2277:American Historical Review
1714:
1663:and Dole became its first
1363:Committee of Public Safety
1043:Honouliuli Internment Camp
859:Rebellions and revolutions
593:Proposed 1893 Constitution
557:Office of Hawaiian Affairs
3581:
3276:Colleges and universities
3071:
3012:
2854:Republic of Indian Stream
2659:
2605:Category:Hawaiian Kingdom
2475:Journal of Modern History
2393:Pacific Historical Review
2279:36#3 (1931), pp. 552-560
2211:Pacific Historical Review
1960:, Republican congressman
1816:Upon the inauguration of
1742:San Francisco, California
1377:1887 Bayonet Constitution
1375:, after she rejected the
552:Home Rule Party of Hawaii
539:Parties and organizations
285:
266:
212:
200:
174:
120:
116:"Hawaiʼi's Own True Sons"
106:
85:
51:
46:
3108:Discovery and settlement
2816:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
2791:Second Republic of Texas
2785:Republic of the Floridas
2773:Republic of East Florida
2767:Republic of West Florida
2731:United States of America
2675:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
2651:within the contemporary
2157:. W.W. Norton. pp.
1808:Newspaper reporting the
1711:Wilcox Rebellion of 1895
1655:as the republic's first
1483:the Bayonet Constitution
741:Battle of Kealakekua Bay
726:Discovery and settlement
490:Wilcox rebellion of 1889
2779:First Republic of Texas
2603:See also the preceding
2412:22.2 (1935): 211-230.
2332:Henry F. Graff (2002).
2252:Encyclopædia Britannica
2149:Walter LaFeber (1998).
1974:William Randolph Hearst
1968:, and young politician
1935:consent of the governed
1687:to run for office, the
1427:Kingdom's Supreme Court
1131:Honolulu molasses spill
196:William Chauncey Wilder
2538:Schweizer, Niklaus R.
2477:4#1 (1931), pp. 46-61
1907:William Jennings Bryan
1844:over the former royal
1813:
1801:
1788:
1769:
1726:
1691:won every seat in the
1477:
1091:Kalama Valley protests
1023:Attack on Pearl Harbor
449:Provisional Government
418:Legal status of Hawaii
192:• Vice President
3541:Pre-statehood history
3391:French Frigate Shoals
3231:Hawaiian architecture
2848:Republic of Madawaska
2749:Trans-Oconee Republic
2426:New England Quarterly
2367:. Macmillan. p.
2359:Alyn Brodsky (2000).
2078:Tate, Merze. (1965).
1931:republican government
1919:William Graham Sumner
1836:and hoisting of the "
1807:
1799:
1786:
1774:misprision of treason
1764:
1756:
1730:Robert William Wilcox
1724:
1717:1895 Wilcox rebellion
1475:
1425:, and Justice of the
1371:, the monarch of the
1191:Red Hill water crisis
1181:George Floyd protests
1053:Democratic Revolution
779:Unification of Hawaii
505:1895 Wilcox rebellion
140:Common languages
3558:Hawaiian Renaissance
3548:Bayonet Constitution
2842:Republic of Fredonia
2531:Russ, William Adam.
2524:Russ, William Adam.
2443:The Wilson Quarterly
2250:Sanford Ballard Dole
2129:The Learning Network
1995:American imperialism
1757:Liliuokalani's trial
1689:American Union Party
1649:constitution of 1894
1564:"Republic of Hawaii"
1549:improve this article
1447:Spanish–American War
1333:) was a short-lived
1331:Lepupalika o Hawaiʻi
1255:Timeline of Honolulu
1245:Sovereignty movement
1081:Hawaii Admission Act
973:Hawaiian Organic Act
849:Bayonet Constitution
608:Hawaiian Organic Act
588:Bayonet Constitution
521:Hawaiian Renaissance
477:Historical conflicts
372:Hawaiian sovereignty
40:Lepupalika o Hawaiʻi
3616: /
3573:Territory of Hawaii
3441:Notable communities
2991:Free State of Jones
2884:California Republic
2719:Republic of Watauga
2687:Provincias Internas
2649:unrecognized states
2607:and the succeeding
2588:Conklin, Kenneth R.
2395:(1988) 57#1: 25-46
1964:, Secretary of War
1956:, naval strategist
1860:Popular controversy
1850:Territory of Hawaii
1826:Newlands Resolution
1673:Minister of Finance
1651:specifically named
1496:Committee of Safety
1451:Territory of Hawaii
1369:Queen Liliʻuokalani
1151:False missile alert
963:Territory of Hawaii
897:Leper War on Kauaʻi
603:Newlands Resolution
565:Documents and ideas
500:Black Week (Hawaii)
495:Leper War on Kauaʻi
454:Government in Exile
327:Territory of Hawaii
218:• Established
18:Republic of Hawaiʻi
3714:Independent Hawaii
3644:Republic of Hawaii
3003:Republic of Hawaii
2699:Florida Occidental
2092:Lee, Anne (2011).
2040:Georgia Law Review
1970:Theodore Roosevelt
1947:Gettysburg Address
1933:must derive from "
1917:, and sociologist
1814:
1802:
1789:
1770:
1727:
1705:John Lot Kaulukoʻu
1685:oath of allegiance
1647:Article 23 of the
1633:head of government
1494:was formed by the
1478:
1411:Lorrin A. Thurston
1373:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi
1323:Republic of Hawaii
935:Counter-Revolution
925:Republic of Hawaii
839:Reciprocity Treaty
819:American Civil War
769:Kamehameha dynasty
613:Apology Resolution
36:Republic of Hawaii
3599:
3598:
3592:Hawaii portal
3030:
3029:
2866:Republic of Texas
2761:State of Muskogee
2743:State of Franklin
2493:Allen, Helena G.
2293:Bailey, Thomas A.
2196:978-0-618-91629-0
2109:978-0-19-977905-5
1962:Henry Cabot Lodge
1923:anti-imperialists
1856:two years later.
1838:Stars and Stripes
1701:1887 constitution
1625:
1624:
1617:
1599:
1462:U.S. Marine Corps
1419:Royal Legislature
1415:Hawaiian language
1319:
1318:
1250:Sugar plantations
1209:
1208:
1171:COVID-19 pandemic
1061:
1060:
993:Hanapēpē Massacre
983:Oahu sugar strike
953:
952:
915:
914:
877:
876:
749:
748:
697:History of Hawaii
679:
678:
547:Aloha ʻĀina Party
357:
356:
343:
342:
339:
338:
319:
318:
180:• President
16:(Redirected from
3721:
3669:Island countries
3664:Former republics
3631:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3612:
3609:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3553:Hawaiian Kingdom
3431:Pearl and Hermes
3165:Native Hawaiians
3057:
3050:
3043:
3034:
3020:
3019:
2890:State of Deseret
2860:Indian Territory
2828:Coahuila y Tejas
2822:Sonora y Sinaloa
2755:Hawaiian Kingdom
2737:Vermont Republic
2693:Florida Oriental
2637:
2630:
2623:
2614:
2599:
2583:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2553:morganreport.org
2481:
2471:
2465:
2455:
2449:
2439:
2433:
2422:
2416:
2406:
2400:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2366:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2289:
2283:
2273:
2267:
2262:
2253:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2220:
2214:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2156:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2089:
2083:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2049:
2043:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2017:Kaua Kuloko 1895
2011:
1939:non-intervention
1909:, industrialist
1830:Hawaiian islands
1818:William McKinley
1751:Washington Place
1734:Hawaiian Kingdom
1642:Acting President
1620:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1557:
1533:
1525:
1443:William McKinley
1435:Washington, D.C.
1400:new constitution
1388:Grover Cleveland
1311:
1304:
1297:
1282:
1275:
1271:
1201:Hawaii wildfires
1077:
1076:
969:
968:
931:
930:
893:
892:
829:Kalākaua dynasty
765:
764:
759:Hawaiian Kingdom
735:
734: 1219–1266
732:
722:
721:
708:
698:
681:
671:
664:
657:
642:Kaua Kuloko 1895
392:Hawaiian Kingdom
384:
359:
335:
334:
323:
322:
310:
309:
303:
302:
287:
286:
125:
73:
59:
32:
21:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3654:1890s in Hawaii
3634:
3633:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3615:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3595:
3586:
3584:
3577:
3536:
3498:
3435:
3382:
3375:
3322:
3219:
3135:Hawaiianization
3079:
3067:
3061:
3031:
3026:
3008:
2834:Las Californias
2810:Alta California
2725:United Colonies
2711:Alta California
2655:
2641:
2611:
2590:(August 2009).
2586:
2574:
2565:
2563:
2558:
2549:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2472:
2468:
2456:
2452:
2440:
2436:
2423:
2419:
2407:
2403:
2390:
2386:
2379:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2346:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2311:10.2307/1891336
2291:
2290:
2286:
2274:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2248:
2244:
2237:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2169:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2133:
2131:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2110:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2037:
2033:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1986:
1978:Joseph Pulitzer
1958:Alfred T. Mahan
1911:Andrew Carnegie
1887:James H. Blount
1862:
1794:
1759:
1719:
1713:
1653:Sanford B. Dole
1640:could serve as
1621:
1610:
1604:
1601:
1558:
1556:
1546:
1534:
1523:
1500:Japanese Empire
1470:
1407:Sanford B. Dole
1361:. In 1893, the
1335:one-party state
1315:
1286:
1280:
1273:
1259:
1211:
1210:
1074:
1071:State of Hawaii
1063:
1062:
1033:Niihau incident
966:
955:
954:
928:
917:
916:
890:
879:
878:
762:
751:
750:
733:
719:
696:
675:
395:
390:represents the
373:
332:
307:
278:
275:Hawaiian dollar
262:August 12, 1898
259:
245:January 9, 1895
242:
235:January 6, 1895
232:
219:
193:
185:Sanford B. Dole
181:
115:
102:
81:
80:
79:
74:
66:
65:
60:
42:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3727:
3725:
3717:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3636:
3635:
3597:
3596:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3445:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3332:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3241:Climate change
3238:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3210:Transportation
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3155:Kūʻē Petitions
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3089:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3037:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2964:South Carolina
2961:
2959:North Carolina
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2831:
2825:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2794:
2788:
2782:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2672:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2617:
2601:
2600:
2584:
2572:
2556:
2548:
2547:External links
2545:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2466:
2450:
2434:
2417:
2401:
2384:
2377:
2351:
2344:
2324:
2284:
2268:
2254:
2242:
2235:
2215:
2202:
2195:
2183:Danzer, Gerald
2174:
2167:
2141:
2115:
2108:
2084:
2071:
2064:
2044:
2042:28 (1979): 303
2031:
2005:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1985:
1982:
1945:and Lincoln's
1883:
1882:
1861:
1858:
1840:" flag of the
1834:Flag of Hawaii
1793:
1790:
1758:
1755:
1715:Main article:
1712:
1709:
1697:1897 elections
1661:U.S. territory
1623:
1622:
1537:
1535:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1469:
1466:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1161:Hurricane Lane
1157:
1156:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1075:
1073:(1959–present)
1069:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1005:
999:
998:
995:
989:
988:
985:
979:
978:
975:
967:
961:
960:
957:
956:
951:
950:
947:
941:
940:
937:
929:
923:
922:
919:
918:
913:
912:
909:
903:
902:
899:
891:
885:
884:
881:
880:
875:
874:
871:
865:
864:
861:
855:
854:
851:
845:
844:
841:
835:
834:
831:
825:
824:
821:
815:
814:
811:
805:
804:
801:
795:
794:
791:
789:Laplace affair
785:
784:
781:
775:
774:
771:
763:
757:
756:
753:
752:
747:
746:
743:
737:
736:
728:
720:
714:
713:
710:
709:
701:
700:
692:
691:
677:
676:
674:
673:
666:
659:
651:
648:
647:
646:
645:
638:
628:
627:
623:
622:
621:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
598:Kūʻē Petitions
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
567:
566:
562:
561:
560:
559:
554:
549:
541:
540:
536:
535:
534:
533:
528:
523:
515:
514:
510:
509:
508:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
479:
478:
474:
473:
472:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
433:
432:
428:
427:
426:
425:
420:
415:
410:
402:
401:
397:
396:
385:
377:
376:
368:
367:
355:
354:
349:
345:
344:
341:
340:
337:
336:
329:
320:
317:
316:
311:
299:
298:
293:
283:
282:
272:
268:
267:
264:
263:
260:
250:
247:
246:
243:
240:
237:
236:
233:
227:
224:
223:
220:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:
206:
202:
201:
198:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
182:
179:
176:
175:
172:
171:
157:
151:
150:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
118:
117:
112:Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī
104:
103:
101:
100:
97:
89:
83:
82:
75:
68:
67:
61:
54:
53:
52:
49:
48:
44:
43:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3726:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3632:
3629:
3594:
3593:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3539:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3438:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3381:Northwestern
3378:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3222:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3200:State symbols
3198:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3077:
3076:
3070:
3066:
3058:
3053:
3051:
3046:
3044:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3023:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2984:West Virginia
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2804:Mexican Texas
2801:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2653:United States
2650:
2646:
2638:
2633:
2631:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2506:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2380:
2378:9780312268831
2374:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2355:
2352:
2347:
2345:9780805069235
2341:
2337:
2336:
2328:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2243:
2238:
2236:9780803287501
2232:
2228:
2227:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2198:
2192:
2188:
2187:The Americans
2184:
2178:
2175:
2170:
2168:9780393039504
2164:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2145:
2142:
2130:
2126:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2088:
2085:
2081:
2075:
2072:
2067:
2065:9780870224331
2061:
2057:
2056:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2010:
2007:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1893:
1888:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1846:Iolani Palace
1843:
1842:United States
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1819:
1811:
1806:
1798:
1791:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1775:
1768:
1767:Iolani Palace
1763:
1754:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1723:
1718:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1674:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1629:head of state
1619:
1616:
1608:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1566: –
1565:
1561:
1560:Find sources:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1538:This section
1536:
1532:
1527:
1526:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1512:Morgan Report
1509:
1508:Blount Report
1504:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1474:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1458:Blount Report
1454:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1431:King Kalākaua
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1401:
1398:, refused. A
1397:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1381:United States
1378:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:United States
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1240:NRHP listings
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1112:
1111:Xerox murders
1109:
1108:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
994:
991:
990:
986:
984:
981:
980:
976:
974:
971:
970:
964:
959:
958:
948:
946:
943:
942:
938:
936:
933:
932:
926:
921:
920:
910:
908:
905:
904:
900:
898:
895:
894:
888:
883:
882:
872:
870:
867:
866:
862:
860:
857:
856:
852:
850:
847:
846:
842:
840:
837:
836:
832:
830:
827:
826:
822:
820:
817:
816:
812:
810:
807:
806:
802:
800:
799:Paulet affair
797:
796:
792:
790:
787:
786:
782:
780:
777:
776:
772:
770:
767:
766:
760:
755:
754:
744:
742:
739:
738:
729:
727:
724:
723:
717:
716:Early history
712:
711:
707:
703:
702:
699:
693:
689:
688:
683:
682:
672:
667:
665:
660:
658:
653:
652:
650:
649:
644:
643:
639:
637:
636:
632:
631:
630:
629:
624:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
583:Morgan Report
581:
579:
578:Blount Report
576:
574:
571:
570:
569:
568:
563:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
544:
543:
542:
537:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
518:
517:
516:
513:Modern events
511:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
481:
480:
475:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
436:
435:
434:
429:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
405:
404:
403:
398:
393:
389:
388:Hawaiian flag
386:The inverted
383:
379:
378:
375:
369:
365:
361:
360:
353:
352:United States
350:
348:Today part of
346:
330:
328:
325:
324:
321:
315:
312:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
294:
292:
289:
288:
284:
281:
276:
273:
269:
265:
261:
258:
254:
244:
234:
231:
221:
207:
203:
199:
195:
186:
183:
170:
167:
164:
161:
158:
156:
152:
149:
145:
142:
138:
135:
132:
128:
124:
119:
113:
109:
105:
98:
96:
95:
91:
90:
88:
84:
78:
72:
64:
58:
50:
45:
41:
33:
30:
19:
3601:
3583:
3328:Main islands
3293:Homelessness
3261:Demographics
3186:
3098:Constitution
3073:
3002:
2799:(1823–1824)
2595:
2579:
2564:. Retrieved
2539:
2532:
2525:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2494:
2488:Bibliography
2474:
2469:
2458:
2453:
2442:
2437:
2425:
2420:
2409:
2404:
2392:
2387:
2362:
2354:
2334:
2327:
2305:(1): 43–52.
2302:
2296:
2287:
2276:
2271:
2245:
2225:
2218:
2210:
2205:
2186:
2177:
2152:
2144:
2132:. Retrieved
2128:
2118:
2094:
2087:
2079:
2074:
2054:
2047:
2039:
2034:
2016:
2009:
1951:
1896:
1884:
1875:
1867:
1863:
1823:
1815:
1778:
1771:
1744:in a secret
1728:
1678:
1669:
1646:
1626:
1611:
1602:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1559:
1547:Please help
1542:verification
1539:
1516:
1505:
1479:
1455:
1423:Koloa, Kauai
1404:
1330:
1322:
1320:
1235:LGBT history
1230:Legal status
1175:2020–present
1141:TMT protests
1013:World War II
1003:Massie Trial
924:
685:
640:
633:
458:
296:Succeeded by
295:
290:
222:July 4, 1894
166:presidential
107:
92:
87:Motto:
86:
39:
29:
3623: /
3611:157°47′47″W
3464:Kailua-Kona
3298:LGBT rights
3215:Unification
3113:Earthquakes
3103:Delegations
3005:(1894–1898)
2999:(1893–1894)
2993:(1863–1865)
2949:Mississippi
2912:1861–1865;
2904:(1850–1856)
2892:(1849–1850)
2880:(1841–1848)
2868:(1836–1846)
2862:(1834–1907)
2856:(1832–1835)
2844:(1826–1827)
2836:, 1836–1846
2830:, 1824–1835
2824:, 1824–1830
2818:, 1821–1846
2812:, 1821–1836
2806:, 1821–1824
2802:1835–1846;
2781:(1812–1813)
2763:(1799–1803)
2757:(1795–1893)
2745:(1784–1788)
2739:(1777–1791)
2733:(1776–1783)
2727:(1775–1776)
2721:(1772–1777)
2713:, 1804–1821
2707:, 1769–1801
2705:La Luisiana
2701:, 1783–1821
2695:, 1783–1821
2689:, 1776–1821
2683:, 1690–1821
2677:, 1598–1821
2671:, 1565–1821
2669:New Navarre
1927:imperialism
1903:Carl Schurz
1870:Henry Graff
1487:coup d'état
1396:imperialism
1394:opposed to
1383:; however,
965:(1898–1959)
927:(1894–1898)
889:(1893–1894)
887:Provisional
761:(1795–1893)
431:Governments
400:Main issues
291:Preceded by
280:U.S. dollar
3638:Categories
3608:21°18′41″N
3489:Pearl City
3341:Kahoʻolawe
3145:Hurricanes
3130:Government
1966:Elihu Root
1915:Mark Twain
1868:Historian
1810:annexation
1575:newspapers
1441:President
1439:Republican
945:Annexation
907:Black Week
718:(pre–1795)
618:Akaka Bill
155:Government
3416:Maro Reef
3411:Lisianski
3271:Education
3118:Geography
3078:(capital)
3063:State of
2969:Tennessee
2944:Louisiana
2645:sovereign
2134:March 27,
1913:, author
1681:royalists
1657:President
1605:July 2017
1385:President
1366:overthrew
1047:1943–1946
1017:1939–1945
911:1893–1894
869:Overthrow
863:1887–1895
833:1874–1893
823:1861–1865
773:1795–1874
464:Territory
163:one-party
47:1894–1898
3517:Honolulu
3504:Counties
3469:Kāneʻohe
3454:Honolulu
3361:Molokaʻi
3313:Politics
3303:Folklore
3288:Gun laws
3236:Abortion
3123:Seamount
3075:Honolulu
3022:Category
2979:Virginia
2954:Missouri
2939:Kentucky
2924:Arkansas
2566:June 17,
2463:in JSTOR
2185:(2009).
2026:19662315
1984:See also
1954:John Hay
1746:Honolulu
1665:Governor
1521:Politics
1392:Democrat
1327:Hawaiian
1225:Big Five
1195:2021–now
1145:2014–now
687:a series
684:Part of
459:Republic
439:Chiefdom
374:movement
364:a series
362:Part of
271:Currency
169:republic
148:Hawaiian
134:Honolulu
3522:Kalawao
3512:Hawaiʻi
3494:Waipahu
3474:Kapolei
3459:Kahului
3396:Gardner
3383:Islands
3366:Niʻihau
3336:Hawaiʻi
3266:Economy
3256:Culture
3251:Cuisine
3224:Society
3205:Tourism
3187:Arizona
3150:Islands
3140:History
3093:Outline
2934:Georgia
2929:Florida
2919:Arizona
2914:Alabama
2643:Former
2542:(1994).
2497:(1998).
2319:1891336
1589:scholar
1353:by the
1351:annexed
1339:Hawaiʻi
1281:Commons
444:Kingdom
255:by the
253:Annexed
251:•
228:•
205:History
160:Unitary
144:English
130:Capital
110: "
108:Anthem:
3527:Kauaʻi
3484:Līhuʻe
3421:Necker
3406:Laysan
3351:Lānaʻi
3346:Kauaʻi
3318:Sports
3283:Energy
3195:People
3085:Topics
3065:Hawaii
2898:(1850)
2886:(1846)
2874:(1840)
2850:(1827)
2793:(1819)
2787:(1817)
2775:(1812)
2769:(1810)
2751:(1794)
2528:(1992)
2511:(1961)
2479:online
2447:Online
2430:online
2414:online
2397:online
2375:
2342:
2317:
2281:online
2233:
2193:
2165:
2106:
2062:
2024:
1921:. The
1591:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1562:
1449:. The
1357:as an
1274:Portal
1216:Topics
690:on the
366:on the
208:
3479:Kihei
3426:Nihoa
3371:Oʻahu
3308:Media
3246:Crime
3175:Parks
3160:Music
2974:Texas
2681:Tejas
2315:JSTOR
2161:–56.
2001:Notes
1596:JSTOR
1582:books
1421:from
1347:ended
626:Books
469:State
3532:Maui
3449:Hilo
3401:Kure
3356:Maui
3185:USS
2568:2010
2373:ISBN
2340:ISBN
2231:ISBN
2191:ISBN
2163:ISBN
2136:2017
2104:ISBN
2060:ISBN
2022:OCLC
1976:and
1695:and
1693:1894
1671:the
1631:and
1568:news
1456:The
1409:and
1390:, a
1345:had
1321:The
1205:2023
1185:2020
1165:2018
1155:2018
1135:2013
1125:2008
1115:1999
1105:1978
1095:1971
1085:1959
1057:1954
1037:1941
1027:1941
1007:1932
997:1924
987:1920
977:1900
949:1898
939:1895
901:1893
873:1893
853:1887
843:1875
813:1849
803:1943
793:1839
783:1810
745:1779
257:U.S.
77:Seal
63:Flag
2647:or
2307:doi
1679:As
1551:by
1337:in
3640::
2594:.
2578:.
2371:.
2313:.
2303:24
2301:.
2257:^
2159:55
2127:.
2102:.
1949:.
1707:.
1667:.
1329::
731:c.
146:,
3056:e
3049:t
3042:v
2636:e
2629:t
2622:v
2598:.
2570:.
2432:.
2399:.
2381:.
2369:1
2348:.
2321:.
2309::
2239:.
2199:.
2171:.
2138:.
2112:.
2100:7
2068:.
2028:.
1618:)
1612:(
1607:)
1603:(
1593:·
1586:·
1579:·
1572:·
1545:.
1325:(
1310:e
1303:t
1296:v
670:e
663:t
656:v
277:,
114:"
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
