53:
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or optometrist as early as possible, particularly for people with vision problems, these include floaters, flashes, cobwebs or spots in their vision. Preventive measures such as regular prenatal care and monitoring of infants with high risks of the disorder may be done to avoid further complications
169:
In infants, retinal hemorrhages (RH) are highly associated with child abuse. The incidence of RH in abusive head trauma is approximately 85%. In a comprehensive review of 62 studies comprising 998 children, 504 of whom were abused, RH were found in 78% of cases of abusive head trauma (AHT) versus 5%
89:
light energy into nerve signals that can be processed by the brain to form visual images. Retinal hemorrhage is strongly associated with child abuse in infants and young children and often leaves such abused infants permanently blind. In older children and adults, retinal hemorrhage can be caused by
165:
In adults, retinal hemorrhages are largely spontaneous, secondary to chronic medical conditions such as hypertension. They also commonly occur in high altitude climbers, most likely due to the effects of systemic hypoxia on the eye. Risk is correlated with the maximum altitude reached, duration of
227:
Retinal hemorrhages, especially mild ones not associated with chronic disease, will normally reabsorb without treatment. Laser surgery is a treatment option which uses a laser beam to seal off damaged blood vessels in the retina. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs like
190:
test may be conducted, in which a fluorescent dye is often injected into the patient's bloodstream beforehand so the administering ophthalmologist can have a more detailed view and examination on the blood vessels in the retina. The fluorescent dye can have dangerous side effects: see
219:
of retinal hemorrhages in infants. For retinal hemorrhages associated with hypertension, blood pressure can be controlled by having regular blood pressure check ups, frequent exercise, monitor daily food intakes and to practice a stress-free lifestyle.
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that this is AHT is 14.7 (95% CI 6.39, 33.62) and the probability of abuse is 91%. Where recorded, RH were bilateral in 83% of AHT cases compared to 8.3% in non-abusive cases.
716:
654:
Spaide RF, Fisher YL (March 2006). "Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated by vitreous hemorrhage".
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may be done to check the eye(s) conditions, for instance to check how well the patient sees straight ahead, off to the sides and at different distances.
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may provide information about the patient's overall health and may also reveal the medical condition that may have caused retinal hemorrhage.
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Zuccoli G, Panigrahy A, Haldipur A, Willaman D, Squires J, Wolford J, Sylvester C, Mitchell E, Lope LA, Nischal KK, Berger RP (July 2013).
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Alternative treatments may include providing necessary nutrients to strengthen and heal damaged blood vessels, through the consumption of
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have also been shown to repair retinal hemorrhaging in diabetic patients and patients with hemorrhages associated with new vessel growth.
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Maguire, S A; Watts, P O; Shaw, A D; Holden, S; Taylor, R H; Watkins, W J; Mann, M K; Tempest, V; Kemp, A M (January 2013).
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Morad, Yair; Kim, Yuri M; Armstrong, Derek C; Huyer, Dirk; Mian, Marcellina; Levin, Alex V (September 2002).
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553:"Retinal haemorrhages and related findings in abusive and non-abusive head trauma: a systematic review"
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506:"Correlation between retinal abnormalities and intracranial abnormalities in the shaken baby syndrome"
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790:"Susceptibility weighted imaging depicts retinal hemorrhages in abusive head trauma"
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259:. Also, the essential fatty acids including omega-3 from fish oil and flaxseed oil.
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of the cases of non-abusive head trauma. In a child with head trauma and RH, the
747:"Retinal haemorrhage and fatal stroke in an infant with fibromuscular dysplasia"
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77:, the light sensitive tissue, located on the back wall of the eye. There are
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At the early stage, a retinal hemorrhage may not show any symptom at all.
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360:"Consensus Statement: Abusive Head Trauma in Infants and Young Children"
717:"Retinal Physician - Ocular Dietary Supplementation — Food For Thought"
317:"Transduction mechanisms of vertebrate and invertebrate photoreceptors"
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or fundus camera in order to examine the inside of the eye. A
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A retinal hemorrhage is generally diagnosed by using an
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exposure to high altitude conditions, and climb rate.
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415:Bosch MM, Barthelmes D, Landau K (December 2012).
745:Currie AD, Bentley CR, Bloom PA (March 2001).
417:"High altitude retinal hemorrhages--an update"
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698:"Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatment"
292:"Retinal Hemorrhage - What You Need to Know"
141:Rapid flashes of light in peripheral vision
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424:High Altitude Medicine & Biology
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321:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
90:several medical conditions such as
214:It is recommended to consult with
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510:American Journal of Ophthalmology
315:Yarfitz S, Hurley JB (May 1994).
27:Bleeding in the retina of the eye
751:Archives of Disease in Childhood
668:10.1097/00006982-200603000-00004
98:(a blockage of a retinal vein),
73:in which bleeding occurs in the
918:Disorders of choroid and retina
1:
522:10.1016/s0002-9394(02)01628-8
475:10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00161-5
334:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36620-6
132:Seeing cobwebs in the vision
121:Some symptoms may include:
81:cells in the retina called
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806:10.1007/s00234-013-1180-7
457:Kivlin, J (July 2000).
188:fluorescein angiography
69:) is a disorder of the
459:"Shaken baby syndrome"
377:10.1542/peds.2018-1504
135:Seeing haze or shadows
96:retinal vein occlusion
616:TheFreeDictionary.com
436:10.1089/ham.2012.1077
763:10.1136/adc.84.3.263
612:"Retinal Hemorrhage"
569:10.1038/eye.2012.213
641:LARetinaSurgeon.com
241:dietary supplements
67:retinal haemorrhage
637:"Retinal Bleeding"
144:Red tint to vision
114:Signs and symptoms
63:Retinal hemorrhage
36:Retinal hemorrhage
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721:Retinal Physician
370:(2). 2018-08-01.
269:Visual impairment
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92:hypertension
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635:Sparks KO.
204:Blood tests
193:Fluorescein
891:DiseasesDB
726:2018-09-13
621:2018-09-13
364:Pediatrics
301:2018-09-13
275:References
245:Vitamins A
210:Prevention
172:odds ratio
147:Blurriness
577:0950-222X
530:0002-9394
483:0161-6420
386:0031-4005
296:Drugs.com
223:Treatment
178:Diagnosis
152:blindness
87:transduce
42:Specialty
912:Category
824:23568702
781:11207180
676:16508426
595:23079748
538:12208246
491:10889093
444:23270439
402:51878771
394:30061300
263:See also
243:such as
234:Lucentis
156:Headache
127:floaters
108:diabetes
104:leukemia
85:, which
885:D012166
815:3713254
772:1718691
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586:3545381
343:8182033
230:Avastin
150:Sudden
125:Seeing
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161:Causes
100:anemia
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680:S2CID
420:(PDF)
398:S2CID
880:MeSH
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672:PMID
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