327:
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29:
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environment, its current head direction and running speed, as well as whether the animal is turning or plans to turn in the future. Many of these features of retrosplenial neurophysiology develop slowly as the animal learns to navigate within an environment, consistent with the idea that the retrosplenial cortex participates in the long-term storage of spatial memory.
122:
in primates, although in rodents it is located more towards the brain surface and is relatively larger. Its function is currently not well understood, but its location close to visual areas and also to the hippocampal spatial/memory system suggest it may have a role in mediating between perceptual
216:
suggest the region is important for using surrounding visual cues to carry out these tasks. Retrosplenial cortex is particularly responsive to permanent, non-moving environmental landmarksand is also implicated in using them to make spatial judgements. A review in 2023 suggested its function was
195:
while other neurons have correlated with movement parameters such as spatial location and running speed. Recent studies have shown that retrosplenial neuronal activity reflects multiple parameters simultaneously including which environment the animal is currently in, its spatial position in the
166:
There is large variation in the region's size across different species. In humans it comprises roughly 0.3% of the entire cortical surface whereas in rabbits it is at least 10% and in rats it extends for more than half the cerebrum dorso-ventrally, making it one of the largest cortical regions.
1060:
Pothuizen, Helen H. J.; Davies, Moira; Albasser, Mathieu M.; Aggleton, John P.; Vann, Seralynne D. (September 2009). "Granular and dysgranular retrosplenial cortices provide qualitatively different contributions to spatial working memory: evidence from immediate-early gene imaging in rats".
170:
On the basis of its microscopic cellular structure it is divided into dysgranular (area 30) and granular (area 29) regions. These have been divided into four areas: 29l, 29m, 30l, and 30m. It has dense reciprocal projections with the visual cortex, postsubiculum (also known as dorsal
1324:
Committeri, Giorgia; Galati, Gaspare; Paradis, Anne-Lise; Pizzamiglio, Luigi; Berthoz, Alain; LeBihan, Denis (November 2004). "Reference Frames for
Spatial Cognition: Different Brain Areas are Involved in Viewer-, Object-, and Landmark-Centered Judgments About Object Location".
1006:
Spreng, R. Nathan; Mar, Raymond A.; Kim, Alice S. N. (March 2009). "The Common Neural Basis of
Autobiographical Memory, Prospection, Navigation, Theory of Mind, and the Default Mode: A Quantitative Meta-analysis".
220:
It has also been suggested that retrosplenial cortex may translate between egocentric (self-centred) and allocentric (world-centred) spatial information, based upon its anatomical location between the
1728:
Pengas, George; Williams, Guy B.; Acosta-Cabronero, Julio; Ash, Tom W. J.; Hong, Young T.; Izquierdo-Garcia, David; Fryer, Tim D.; Hodges, John R.; Nestor, Peter J. (2012).
1368:
Galati, Gaspare; Pelle, Gina; Berthoz, Alain; Committeri, Giorgia (26 February 2010). "Multiple reference frames used by the human brain for spatial perception and memory".
1552:
Destrade, C; Ott, T (2 December 1982). "Is a retrosplenial (cingulate) pathway involved in the mediation of high frequency hippocampal rhythmical slow activity (theta)?".
585:
114:. It is secondary association cortex, making connections with numerous other brain regions. The region's name refers to its anatomical location immediately behind the
301:. There are also experimental findings showing that layer 5 of the retrosplenial cortex is likely responsible for dissociative states of consciousness in mammals.
3154:
696:
Chen, Longtang L.; Lin, Lie-Huey; Green, Edward J.; Barnes, Carol A.; McNaughton, Bruce L. (September 1994). "Head-direction cells in the rat posterior cortex".
1509:
Maguire, Eleanor A.; Valentine, Elizabeth R.; Wilding, John M.; Kapur, Narinder (16 December 2002). "Routes to remembering: the brains behind superior memory".
191:
Neurophysiological studies of retrosplenial cortex have mainly been done in rats. Early work showed that around 8.5% of neurons in the retrosplenial cortex are
1597:"Human Retrosplenial Cortex Displays Transient Theta Phase Locking with Medial Temporal Cortex Prior to Activation during Autobiographical Memory Retrieval"
123:
and memory functions, particularly in the spatial domain. However, its exact contribution to either space or memory processing has been hard to pin down.
1685:
Pengas, George; Hodges, John R.; Watson, Peter; Nestor, Peter J. (January 2010). "Focal posterior cingulate atrophy in incipient
Alzheimer's disease".
2036:
1908:
243:
activation in their retrosplenial cortex than normal controls when doing so. This is thought to be due to their use of a spatial learning strategy or
2027:
2013:
569:
562:
Brodmann's
Localisation in the cerebral cortex the principles of comparative localisation in the cerebral cortex based on cytoarchitectonics
639:"The Retrosplenial Cortex: Intrinsic Connectivity and Connections with the (Para)Hippocampal Region in the Rat. An Interactive Connectome"
839:
Alexander, Andrew S.; Nitz, Douglas A. (2015-08-01). "Retrosplenial cortex maps the conjunction of internal and external spaces".
77:
2912:
739:
Cho, J; Sharp, PE (February 2001). "Head direction, place, and movement correlates for cells in the rat retrosplenial cortex".
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1901:
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283:
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Vann, Seralynne D.; Aggleton, John P.; Maguire, Eleanor A. (8 October 2009). "What does the retrosplenial cortex do?".
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whereby they can recognise and identify environmental landmarks, but are unable to use them to orientate themselves.
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236:
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298:
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2374:
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1781:"Retrosplenial Cortex (BA 29) Volumes in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease"
1730:"Retrosplenial Cortex (BA 29) Volumes in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease"
355:
Vogt, B. A. (1976-09-01). "Retrosplenial cortex in the rhesus monkey: a cytoarchitectonic and Golgi study".
259:
3036:
2102:
2000:
1954:
1016:
290:
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Vogt, Brent A.; Rosene, Douglas L. (2023). "Comparison of monkey and human retrosplenial neurocytology".
3023:
2882:
2796:
2696:
456:
Mitchell, Anna S.; Czajkowski, Rafal; Zhang, Ningyu; Jeffery, Kate; Nelson, Andrew J. D. (2018-03-19).
1462:"Anchoring the neural compass: Coding of local spatial reference frames in human medial parietal lobe"
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amnesia when damaged. People with lesions involving the retrosplenial cortex also display a form of
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Tan, Rachel H.; Wong, Stephanie; Hodges, John R.; Halliday, Glenda M.; Hornberger, Michael (2013).
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895:"Retrosplenial Cortical Representations of Space and Future Goal Locations Develop with Learning"
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438:
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949:"Cues, context, and long-term memory: the role of the retrosplenial cortex in spatial cognition"
1216:
Auger, Stephen D.; Mullally, Sinéad L.; Maguire, Eleanor A.; Baker, Chris I. (17 August 2012).
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1413:"Remembering the past and imagining the future: A neural model of spatial memory and imagery"
1277:"Assessing the mechanism of response in the retrosplenial cortex of good and poor navigators"
560:
notes, K. Brodmann; translated with editorial; Garey, an introduction by
Laurence J. (2006).
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2009:
2004:
1991:
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studies implicate the retrosplenial cortex in a wide range of cognitive functions including
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1981:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1918:
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Valenstein, E; Bowers, D; Verfaellie, M; Heilman, KM; Day, A; Watson, RT (December 1987).
209:
119:
2018:
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The retrosplenial cortex is one of the first regions to undergo pathological changes in
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1301:
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983:
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947:
Miller, Adam M. P.; Vedder, Lindsey C.; Law, L. Matthew; Smith, David M. (2014-08-05).
919:
894:
813:
673:
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457:
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135:
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2613:
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781:"Dual-Factor Representation of the Environmental Context in the Retrosplenial Cortex"
263:
229:
103:
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1714:
1595:
Foster, B. L.; Kaveh, A.; Dastjerdi, M.; Miller, K. J.; Parvizi, J. (19 June 2013).
1581:
1538:
1397:
1354:
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Czajkowski, R.; Jayaprakash, B.; Wiltgen, B.; Rogerson, T.; Guzman-Karlsson, M. C.;
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876:
725:
392:
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1930:
1612:
1105:
1046:
546:
442:
255:
172:
262:, there is theta band interaction between the retrosplenial cortex and the medial
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221:
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1645:
1184:
1851:
1381:
910:
752:
637:
Sugar, Jorgen; Witter, Menno P.; van Strien, Niels; Cappaert, Natalie (2011).
225:
61:
28:
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1338:
974:
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804:
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655:
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The retrosplenial cortex is one of several brain areas that produces both an
2456:
1134:
1030:
505:
Vann, Seralynne D.; Aggleton, John P.; Maguire, Eleanor A. (November 2009).
212:, navigation, imagining future events and processing scenes more generally.
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491:
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717:
368:
3072:
1110:"Encoding and storage of spatial information in the retrosplenial cortex"
780:
506:
384:
294:
244:
115:
83:
1460:
Marchette, Steven; Vass, Lindsay; Ryan, Jack; Epstein, Russell (2014).
1167:
Yoder, Ryan M.; Clark, Benjamin J.; Taube, Jeffrey S. (November 2011).
709:
1796:
615:
217:"spatial navigation and localization of personally relevant objects".
2608:
1477:
852:
522:
426:
239:
are able to perform outstanding feats of memory and show increased
3067:
1522:
779:
Miller, Adam M P; Serrichio, Anna C; Smith, David M (2021-05-01).
49:
240:
205:
1890:
893:
Miller, Adam M.P.; Mau, William; Smith, David M. (June 2019).
130:
33:
Medial surface of the brain with
Brodmann's areas numbered.
1275:
Auger, Stephen D.; Maguire, Eleanor A. (November 2013).
458:"Retrosplenial cortex and its role in spatial cognition"
1411:
Byrne, Patrick; Becker, Suzanna; Burgess, Neil (2007).
147:
1828:"Deep posteromedial cortical rhythm in dissociation"
1218:"Retrosplenial Cortex Codes for Permanent Landmarks"
3103:
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2926:
2881:
2872:
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2712:
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2633:
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2477:
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2350:
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2232:
2093:
2086:
2059:
1945:
1938:
1929:
1108:; Trachtenberg, J. T.; Silva, A. J. (27 May 2014).
232:(which integrates egocentric sensory information).
60:
48:
43:
38:
21:
3127:Some categorizations are approximations, and some
1114:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1902:
8:
584:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1169:"Origins of landmark encoding in the brain"
2878:
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1942:
1935:
1909:
1895:
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1785:Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
27:
1859:
1826:Vesuna, S; et al. (September 2020).
1755:
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1251:
1241:
1192:
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1020:
982:
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918:
812:
672:
654:
481:
507:"What does the retrosplenial cortex do?"
344:
308:
597:
595:
577:
81:
18:
3155:Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere
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886:
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7:
1699:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.03.014
564:(3rd ed.). New York: Springer.
408:
406:
404:
402:
357:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
350:
348:
2819:Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal)
254:The region also displays slow-wave
16:Part of the brain's cerebral cortex
14:
1327:Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
1009:Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
1075:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06881.x
1063:European Journal of Neuroscience
604:Journal of Comparative Neurology
325:
311:
134:
78:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
2913:Posterior parahippocampal gyrus
2855:Collateral (temporal+occipital)
1734:Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
953:Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
462:Brain and Neuroscience Advances
2501:Secondary somatosensory cortex
2193:Ventromedial prefrontal cortex
1613:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0513-13.2013
1:
3116:Poles of cerebral hemispheres
2850:Cingulate (frontal+cingulate)
1650:Brain: A Journal of Neurology
643:Frontiers in Neuroinformatics
224:(where there are allocentric
2489:Primary somatosensory cortex
1566:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90975-1
1293:10.1016/j.cortex.2013.08.002
1243:10.1371/journal.pone.0043620
284:topographical disorientation
2581:Transverse occipital sulcus
1429:10.1037/0033-295X.114.2.340
1370:Experimental Brain Research
698:Experimental Brain Research
511:Nature Reviews Neuroscience
415:Nature Reviews Neuroscience
3171:
2993:Isthmus of cingulate gyrus
2814:Central (frontal+parietal)
2549:Occipital pole of cerebrum
1185:10.1016/j.tins.2011.08.004
237:World Memory Championships
3124:
2650:Transverse temporal gyrus
2513:Posterior parietal cortex
1852:10.1038/s41586-020-2731-9
1382:10.1007/s00221-010-2168-8
911:10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.034
753:10.1037/0735-7044.115.1.3
299:mild cognitive impairment
260:autobiographical memories
258:and when people retrieve
228:representations) and the
76:
26:
2771:Inferior temporal sulcus
2692:Superior temporal sulcus
2375:Inferior parietal lobule
2358:Superior parietal lobule
2298:Supplementary motor area
1747:10.3389/fnagi.2012.00017
1663:10.1093/brain/110.6.1631
1339:10.1162/0898929042568550
966:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00586
656:10.3389/fninf.2011.00007
474:10.1177/2398212818757098
177:anterior thalamic nuclei
106:in the brain comprising
2776:Inferior temporal gyrus
2720:Occipitotemporal sulcus
2666:Superior temporal gyrus
2559:Lateral occipital gyrus
2310:Supplementary eye field
2051:Inferior frontal sulcus
2046:Superior frontal sulcus
1646:"Retrosplenial amnesia"
1601:Journal of Neuroscience
1173:Trends in Neurosciences
1135:10.1073/pnas.1313222111
1031:10.1162/jocn.2008.21029
741:Behavioral Neuroscience
3037:Fimbria of hippocampus
2103:Superior frontal gyrus
2001:Inferior frontal gyrus
1955:Superior frontal gyrus
797:10.1093/cercor/bhaa386
3024:Hippocampal formation
2883:Parahippocampal gyrus
2697:Middle temporal gyrus
1687:Neurobiology of Aging
369:10.1002/cne.901690105
55:regio retrosplenialis
2997:Retrosplenial cortex
2845:Longitudinal fissure
2737:Medial temporal lobe
2414:Intraparietal sulcus
2274:Primary motor cortex
2171:Orbitofrontal cortex
2120:Medial frontal gyrus
1977:Middle frontal gyrus
1417:Psychological Review
905:(12): 2083–2090.e4.
247:device known as the
193:head direction cells
96:retrosplenial cortex
22:Retrosplenial cortex
2974:Posterior cingulate
2384:Supramarginal gyrus
1844:2020Natur.586...87V
1607:(25): 10439–10446.
1511:Nature Neuroscience
1466:Nature Neuroscience
1234:2012PLoSO...743620A
1126:2014PNAS..111.8661C
841:Nature Neuroscience
291:Alzheimer's disease
235:Competitors in the
3032:Hippocampal sulcus
2952:Anterior cingulate
2829:Preoccipital notch
2430:Paracentral lobule
2400:Parietal operculum
2322:Frontal eye fields
2254:Paracentral sulcus
2242:Paracentral lobule
2143:Paraolfactory area
2139:Paraterminal gyrus
710:10.1007/BF00243212
146:. You can help by
3137:
3136:
3081:
3080:
2906:Postrhinal cortex
2901:Perirhinal cortex
2896:Entorhinal cortex
2868:
2867:
2824:Parieto-occipital
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2790:
2629:
2628:
2528:
2527:
2485:Postcentral gyrus
2337:
2336:
2262:
2261:
2082:
2081:
2074:Precentral sulcus
2037:Pars triangularis
1797:10.1159/000346392
1472:(11): 1598–1606.
1287:(10): 2904–2913.
1120:(23): 8661–8666.
616:10.1002/cne.25561
610:(18): 2044–2061.
571:978-0-387-26919-1
256:theta rhythmicity
164:
163:
108:Brodmann areas 29
92:
91:
87:
3162:
3063:Indusium griseum
2928:Cingulate cortex
2918:Prepyriform area
2879:
2804:
2684:Planum temporale
2640:
2621:Calcarine sulcus
2539:
2348:
2219:Olfactory sulcus
2205:Subcallosal area
2091:
2069:Precentral gyrus
2028:Pars opercularis
1943:
1936:
1911:
1904:
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1791:(3–4): 177–182.
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1333:(9): 1517–1535.
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880:
847:(8): 1143–1151.
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791:(5): 2720–2728.
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729:
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333:Brodmann area 30
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319:Brodmann area 29
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84:edit on Wikidata
31:
19:
3170:
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3150:Cerebral cortex
3140:
3139:
3138:
3133:
3120:
3099:
3077:
3051:
3018:
2922:
2864:
2860:Callosal sulcus
2838:Medial/inferior
2833:
2798:
2787:
2713:Medial/inferior
2708:
2680:Wernicke's area
2654:Auditory cortex
2625:
2590:Medial/inferior
2585:
2524:
2473:
2469:Marginal sulcus
2423:Medial/inferior
2418:
2333:
2286:Premotor cortex
2258:
2228:
2087:Medial/inferior
2078:
2055:
1925:
1919:cerebral cortex
1917:Anatomy of the
1915:
1885:
1838:(7827): 87–94.
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1589:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1478:10.1038/nn.3834
1459:
1458:
1454:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1179:(11): 561–571.
1166:
1165:
1161:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1022:10.1.1.454.7288
1005:
1004:
1000:
946:
945:
936:
899:Current Biology
892:
891:
884:
853:10.1038/nn.4058
838:
837:
830:
785:Cerebral Cortex
778:
777:
768:
738:
737:
733:
695:
694:
690:
636:
635:
631:
601:
600:
593:
576:
572:
559:
558:
554:
523:10.1038/nrn2733
517:(11): 792–802.
504:
503:
499:
455:
454:
450:
427:10.1038/nrn2733
421:(11): 792–802.
412:
411:
400:
354:
353:
346:
342:
335:
330:
321:
316:
307:
272:
210:episodic memory
202:
189:
187:Neurophysiology
160:
154:
151:
144:needs expansion
129:
120:corpus callosum
88:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3168:
3166:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3142:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3129:Brodmann areas
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3095:Insular cortex
3091:
3089:
3087:Insular cortex
3083:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2940:Subgenual area
2936:
2934:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2887:
2885:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2801:
2799:sulci/fissures
2793:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2725:Fusiform gyrus
2722:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2694:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2673:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2646:
2644:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2566:
2556:
2554:Occipital gyri
2551:
2545:
2543:
2536:
2534:Occipital lobe
2530:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2426:
2424:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2386:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2354:
2352:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2224:Orbital sulcus
2221:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2212:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2155:Straight gyrus
2152:
2151:
2150:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2099:
2097:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2065:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2030:
2016:
2014:Pars orbitalis
2007:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1951:
1949:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1891:
1884:
1883:
1818:
1771:
1720:
1677:
1656:(6): 1631–46.
1636:
1587:
1554:Brain Research
1544:
1501:
1452:
1423:(2): 340–375.
1403:
1376:(2): 109–120.
1360:
1316:
1267:
1208:
1159:
1096:
1069:(5): 877–888.
1052:
1015:(3): 489–510.
998:
934:
882:
828:
766:
731:
688:
629:
591:
570:
552:
497:
448:
398:
343:
341:
338:
337:
336:
331:
324:
322:
317:
310:
306:
303:
271:
268:
249:method of loci
214:Rodent studies
201:
198:
188:
185:
162:
161:
141:
139:
128:
125:
90:
89:
80:
74:
73:
64:
58:
57:
52:
46:
45:
41:
40:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3167:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3132:
3130:
3123:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3047:Rhinal sulcus
3045:
3043:
3042:Dentate gyrus
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3021:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:Superolateral
2805:
2802:
2800:
2794:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2643:Superolateral
2641:
2638:
2636:
2635:Temporal lobe
2632:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:Lingual gyrus
2612:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2597:Visual cortex
2595:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2576:Lunate sulcus
2574:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2542:Superolateral
2540:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2393:Angular gyrus
2390:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:Superolateral
2349:
2346:
2344:
2343:Parietal lobe
2340:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1941:
1939:Superolateral
1937:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1912:
1907:
1905:
1900:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1772:
1767:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1724:
1721:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1588:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1548:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1523:10.1038/nn988
1520:
1516:
1512:
1505:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1456:
1453:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1407:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1364:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1320:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1268:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1228:(8): e43620.
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1163:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1100:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1002:
999:
994:
990:
985:
980:
976:
972:
967:
962:
958:
954:
950:
943:
941:
939:
935:
930:
926:
921:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
889:
887:
883:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
835:
833:
829:
824:
820:
815:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
775:
773:
771:
767:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
735:
732:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
692:
689:
684:
680:
675:
670:
666:
662:
657:
652:
648:
644:
640:
633:
630:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
598:
596:
592:
587:
581:
573:
567:
563:
556:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
501:
498:
493:
489:
484:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
452:
449:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
409:
407:
405:
403:
399:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
351:
349:
345:
339:
334:
328:
323:
320:
314:
309:
304:
302:
300:
296:
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
269:
267:
265:
264:temporal lobe
261:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
233:
231:
230:parietal lobe
227:
223:
218:
215:
211:
207:
199:
197:
194:
186:
184:
182:
178:
174:
168:
158:
155:November 2014
149:
145:
142:This section
140:
137:
133:
132:
126:
124:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
104:cortical area
101:
97:
85:
79:
75:
72:
68:
65:
63:
59:
56:
53:
51:
47:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
3126:
2890:
2167:Orbital gyri
2019:Broca's area
1931:Frontal lobe
1835:
1831:
1821:
1788:
1784:
1774:
1737:
1733:
1723:
1693:(1): 25–33.
1690:
1686:
1680:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1604:
1600:
1590:
1560:(1): 29–37.
1557:
1553:
1547:
1517:(1): 90–95.
1514:
1510:
1504:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1420:
1416:
1406:
1373:
1369:
1363:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1284:
1280:
1270:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1176:
1172:
1162:
1117:
1113:
1106:Barth, A. L.
1099:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1012:
1008:
1001:
956:
952:
902:
898:
844:
840:
788:
784:
744:
740:
734:
701:
697:
691:
646:
642:
632:
607:
603:
561:
555:
514:
510:
500:
465:
461:
451:
418:
414:
363:(1): 63–97.
360:
356:
288:
273:
253:
234:
219:
203:
190:
173:presubiculum
169:
165:
152:
148:adding to it
143:
99:
95:
93:
54:
2874:Limbic lobe
1923:human brain
747:(1): 3–25.
704:(1): 8–23.
276:anterograde
222:hippocampus
204:In humans,
181:hippocampus
175:) and with
44:Identifiers
3144:Categories
3131:span gyri.
2797:Interlobar
2494:3, 1 and 2
2234:Precentral
2095:Prefrontal
2061:Precentral
1947:Prefrontal
340:References
280:retrograde
226:place cell
62:NeuroNames
3111:Operculum
2659:41 and 42
2457:Precuneus
1878:221769346
1017:CiteSeerX
975:1662-5161
861:1546-1726
805:1047-3211
665:1662-5196
624:0021-9967
580:cite book
531:1471-003X
377:0021-9967
297:phase of
295:prodromal
270:Pathology
3073:Amygdala
2891:anterior
1870:32939091
1813:45735133
1805:23406695
1766:22783190
1715:34598530
1707:18455838
1631:23785155
1582:22294467
1539:13921255
1531:12483214
1496:25282616
1447:17500630
1398:23546010
1390:20186405
1355:15743957
1347:15601516
1311:24012136
1262:22912894
1222:PLOS ONE
1203:21982585
1154:24912150
1091:24868413
1083:19712100
1039:18510452
993:25140141
929:31178316
877:13211352
869:26147532
823:33386396
761:11256450
726:25125371
683:21847380
539:19812579
492:30221204
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