108:
278:
395:
63:
85:
387:
379:
44:
560:
was found to contain twelve compounds including a new galloyl derivative. The fruit are not good sources of protein, fat, or calcium, but contain large amounts of tannins. Fruits were used by Native
Americans to treat mouth sores and dysentery. Native Americans also added it to drinking water for the
413:
The bark is thin and easily damaged from mechanical impact; branches droop as the tree grows, and will require pruning for vehicular or pedestrian clearance beneath the canopy; routinely grown with, or trainable to be grown with, multiple trunks. The tree wants to grow with several trunks, but can be
402:
Shining sumac is often cultivated, where it is well-suited to natural and informal landscapes because it has underground runners which spread to provide dense, shrubby cover for birds and wildlife. This species is valued for ornamental planting because of its lustrous dark green foliage which turns a
547:
and also has a strong effect on the female hormonal system. It was often used to help with the symptoms of menopause. Additionally, tea made from the fruit and bark can be used externally to treat oozing sores, burns, and blisters. The berry tea is prepared by steeping 1 teaspoon of dried fruit with
497:
is found in many plant associations, but does not indicate the presence of a specific habitat. This species grows best in full sunlight and well-drained soils, but is resistant to the effects of pollution, drought, heavy pruning, compacted soil, and transplanting. Additionally, once established, it
608:
is secure in New York, Pennsylvania, West
Viriginia, Delaware, Virginia, and North Carolina. It is apparently secure in Ontario, Canada. There is no status rank available for the rest of the eastern seaboard and it is presumed to be possibly extirpated in Iowa.
1316:
Reinhardt, Elizabeth (2009). Lubrecht State
Experimental Forest Prescribed Fire Effects Study 1973-2006 (Report). Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
506:
The tree can be planted in a container or above-ground planter. It has been recommended for buffer strips around parking lots or for median strip plantings in the highway, as well as for land reclamation.
1373:
Freeman, D. Carl; Brown, Michelle L.; Duda, Jeffrey J.; Graham, John H.; Emlen, John M.; Krzysik, Anthony J.; Balbach, Harold; Kovacic, Dave A.; Zak, John C. (January 2004). "Developmental
Instability in
403:
brilliant orange-red in fall. The fall color display is frequently enjoyed along interstate highways, as the plant readily colonizes these and other disturbed sites. The tiny, greenish-yellow
493:
is also found in parts of Mexico.) This species is found in many different ecosystems such as
Longleaf-slash pine, Loblolly- shortleaf pine, Oak-pine, Oak-hickory, and Oak-gum-cypress.
548:
every 8 ounces of water used for 30 minutes. The bark tea uses a half teaspoon for every 8 ounces of water, requires a decoct of 15 minutes, and is then steeped for 1 hour.
533:. They are eaten by wildlife and can be made into a lemonade-like drink. Additionally, deer browse the twigs of the species. The leaves make up part of the diets of captive
519:
tolerates soil pH ranging from 5.3 to 7.5, requires between 28 and 60 millimeters of water, and can survive a minimum temperature of -28 °F. There are male and female
526:
The tree grows in full sun or part shade. Soil tolerances include clay, loam, sand, slightly alkaline, acidic, and well-drained soil. Its drought tolerance is high.
1631:
1706:
1832:
332:
1852:
370:
growing to 3.5–5.5 metres (11–18 ft) tall and an equal spread with a rounded crown. A 5-year-old sapling will stand about 2.5 metres (8.2 ft).
417:
Its leaves are alternate and pinnately compound. The leaflets are borne on alate rachis that give the plant one of its common names: "winged sumac".
1579:
410:
The flowers are yellow, flowering in the summer. The fruit attracts birds with no significant litter problem, is persistent on the tree and showy.
1644:
1592:
1745:
713:
676:
when it is a noun in apposition or a genitive noun, it retains its own gender and termination irrespective of the gender of the generic name.
1867:
407:, borne in compact, terminal panicles, are followed by showy red clusters of berries which persist into the winter and attract wildlife.
1837:
1857:
498:
is difficult to remove from an area. It is also known to be in competition with young pines and other hardwoods in multiple habitats.
1292:
1044:
1862:
1169:
1144:
1121:
Shining Sumac" by Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson, Forest
Service, Department of Agriculture, Fact Sheet ST-568, October 1994
592:
allowing the root canals to be stimulated to increase stem production. The presence of burning also affects the leaf symmetry of
1618:
1094:"Rhus copallinum (Dwarf Sumac, Flameleaf Sumac, Shining Sumac, Winged Sumac) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox"
92:
1685:
1649:
1530:
958:(Report). San Juan, PR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, International Institute of Tropical Forestry.
596:. The seeds have also been known to germinate at high rates (75%) when soaked in sulfuric acid at room temperature.
1758:
1251:
Ma, Hang; Yuan, Tao; González-Sarrías, Antonio; Li, Liya; Edmonds, Maxwell E.; Seeram, Navindra P. (January 2012).
1711:
1680:
1413:
639:
1229:
1763:
1338:
Bolin, Jay F. (2009). "Heat Shock
Germination Responses of Three Eastern North American Temperate Species".
107:
1216:
Winston, David (2005-08-01). "Herbal Voices: American
Herbalism Through the Words of American Herbalists".
1847:
1463:
895:
1535:
1185:
224:
1597:
1571:
1543:
1501:
534:
52:
1698:
665:"CHAPTER III. Nomenclature of taxa according to their rank SECTION 4. Names of species Article 23"
1804:
1355:
305:
102:
1796:
1750:
717:
1662:
1636:
511:
can tolerate exposure to salt spray in maritime forests and coastal grasslands; it can grow in
1719:
1395:
1347:
1274:
1233:
1165:
1140:
1017:
430:
277:
812:
1724:
1387:
1318:
1264:
1225:
1009:
753:
695:
689:
561:
lemony taste. It was also made into a tea that was used to treat urinary tract infections,
1132:
754:"Wildland shrubs of the United States and its Territories: thamnic descriptions: volume 1"
512:
352:
145:
1737:
1512:
972:
956:
Wildland shrubs of the United States and its territories: Thamnic descriptions, Volume 1
871:
1732:
467:
132:
1093:
781:
664:
569:
fruits ripen between the autumn months of August and
October and last through winter.
1842:
1826:
1657:
360:
356:
240:
191:
72:
67:
394:
1809:
1448:
1786:
1693:
1605:
1495:
581:
544:
428:
belongs to the
Anacardiaceae family. This species was named by Carl Linnaeus in
1672:
1486:
1269:
1252:
1522:
626:
562:
181:
43:
17:
1440:
1399:
1351:
1278:
1237:
1137:
The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region
1021:
1556:
1071:
530:
364:
625:
BGCI. 2017. GlobalTreeSearch online database. Richmond, U.K. Available at:
386:
378:
1776:
1323:
1074:. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. 7 November 2014
842:
699:
1771:
1480:
955:
543:
also has many medicinal uses. The bark can be used to treat diarrhea and
158:
1359:
1116:
1584:
1162:
The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Eastern Region
1610:
404:
171:
1457:
1253:"New Galloyl Derivative from Winged Sumac ( Rhus copallinum ) Fruit"
1013:
1391:
485:
extends as far west as Texas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Kansas. (The
1561:
919:
393:
385:
377:
201:
119:
1623:
1072:"Tree and Shrub Descriptions for State Nursery-Raised Seedlings"
367:
1548:
1461:
588:
occurs at 90 °C. Fire eliminates the aboveground parts of
331:
is also used, but this is not consistent with the rules of the
481:
extends from the Coastal Plain of Florida to Ontario, Canada.
998:
Atlas of United States Trees, Vol. 3: Minor Western Hardwoods
565:, ulcerated mucous membranes, thrush, and apthous stomatata.
466:
L. var. leucantha (Jacq.) DC. The lecotype is located in the
1230:
10.1663/0013-0001(2005)059[0408:dfabre]2.0.co;2
640:"NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Rhus copallinum, Winged Sumac"
584:
increases with the heat from fire. Optimal germination of
529:
The somewhat sour berrylike fruits are edible and rich in
414:
trained to grow with a single trunk. It has no thorns.
759:. United States Department of Agriculture. p. 625
728:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
1470:
920:"Rhus copallinum | International Plant Names Index"
1327:– via Forest Service Research Data Archive.
1186:"Annual sumac harvest for sifakas' winter diets"
1378:L.: Multiple Stressors, Years, and Responses".
790:North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
667:. International Association for Plant Taxonomy
434:. There are multiple recognized subspecies of
8:
333:International Association for Plant Taxonomy
776:
774:
627:https://www.bgci.org/global_tree_search.php
1458:
747:
745:
743:
523:shrubs: both are needed for reproduction.
382:Shining sumac at Illinois State University
276:
83:
61:
42:
31:
1322:
1268:
1066:
1064:
996:R. S. C. (August 1977). "Reviewed Work:
1380:International Journal of Plant Sciences
691:Sp. pl. ed. 1, ed. 2; Syst. nat. ed. 10
618:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
967:
965:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
896:"WFO Plant List | World Flora Online"
866:
864:
847:Master Gardeners of Northern Virginia
726:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
7:
1188:. Duke University. 10 September 2018
1833:IUCN Red List least concern species
823:. The University of Texas at Austin
821:Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center
1853:Trees of the Eastern United States
25:
1764:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:219750-2
1164:. New York: Knopf. p. 548.
849:. Virginia Cooperative Extension
106:
1257:Natural Product Communications
1135:; Olmstead, Nancy C. (1985) .
1:
843:"Illustrated Glossary: Alate"
811:TWC Staff (5 November 2015).
580:is adapted to fire and seed
359:) that is native to eastern
1868:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
604:The conservation status of
1884:
1838:NatureServe secure species
1414:"NatureServe Explorer 2.0"
1270:10.1177/1934578X1200700116
1160:Little, Elbert L. (1980).
629:. (Accessed: August 2017).
1858:Trees of Northern America
954:Francis, John K. (2004).
515:and shallow, rocky soil.
311:
304:
284:
275:
252:
247:
230:
223:
103:Scientific classification
101:
81:
59:
50:
41:
34:
1863:Plants described in 1753
1449:USDA Plants profile for
1418:explorer.natureserve.org
644:explorer.natureserve.org
474:Distribution and habitat
390:Trunk of a shining sumac
1000:Elbert L. Little, Jr".
752:John K. Francis (ed.).
1263:(1): 1934578X1200700.
1139:. Knopf. p. 324.
973:"USDA Plants Database"
872:"USDA Plants Database"
399:
391:
383:
355:in the cashew family (
1324:10.2737/rds-2009-0003
700:10.5962/bhl.title.669
398:Shining sumac berries
397:
389:
381:
255:R. c. var. copallinum
792:. NC State Extension
573:Fire and germination
502:Cultivation and uses
266:R. c. var. leucantha
259:R. c. var. latifolia
1133:Niering, William A.
1098:plants.ces.ncsu.edu
600:Conservation status
53:Conservation status
535:Coquerel's sifakas
400:
392:
384:
351:, is a species of
216:R. copallinum
1820:
1819:
1720:Open Tree of Life
1464:Taxon identifiers
1293:"Rhus copallinum"
1045:"Rhus copallinum"
813:"Plant Database:
431:Species Plantarum
320:
319:
270:
263:
96:
76:
16:(Redirected from
1875:
1813:
1812:
1800:
1799:
1790:
1789:
1780:
1779:
1767:
1766:
1754:
1753:
1741:
1740:
1728:
1727:
1715:
1714:
1702:
1701:
1689:
1688:
1676:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1653:
1652:
1640:
1639:
1627:
1626:
1614:
1613:
1601:
1600:
1588:
1587:
1575:
1574:
1565:
1564:
1552:
1551:
1539:
1538:
1526:
1525:
1516:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1459:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1272:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1213:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1129:
1123:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1068:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1041:
1026:
1025:
993:
987:
986:
984:
983:
969:
960:
959:
951:
934:
933:
931:
930:
916:
910:
909:
907:
906:
900:wfoplantlist.org
892:
886:
885:
883:
882:
868:
859:
858:
856:
854:
839:
833:
832:
830:
828:
808:
802:
801:
799:
797:
778:
769:
768:
766:
764:
758:
749:
738:
737:
735:
733:
710:
704:
703:
685:
679:
678:
673:
672:
661:
655:
654:
652:
650:
636:
630:
623:
285:Native range of
280:
268:
261:
236:
111:
110:
90:
87:
86:
70:
65:
64:
46:
32:
21:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1808:
1803:
1795:
1793:
1785:
1783:
1775:
1770:
1762:
1757:
1749:
1744:
1736:
1731:
1723:
1718:
1710:
1705:
1697:
1692:
1684:
1679:
1671:
1670:MichiganFlora:
1669:
1661:
1656:
1648:
1643:
1635:
1630:
1622:
1617:
1609:
1604:
1596:
1591:
1583:
1578:
1570:
1568:
1560:
1555:
1547:
1542:
1534:
1529:
1521:
1519:
1511:
1509:
1502:Rhus copallinum
1500:
1499:
1494:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1472:Rhus copallinum
1466:
1451:Rhus copallinum
1443:Rhus copallinum
1437:
1432:
1431:
1422:
1420:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1376:Rhus copallinum
1372:
1371:
1367:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1301:
1299:
1297:www.fs.usda.gov
1291:
1290:
1286:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1218:Economic Botany
1215:
1214:
1201:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1172:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1147:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1115:
1111:
1102:
1100:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1077:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1062:
1053:
1051:
1049:www.fs.usda.gov
1043:
1042:
1029:
1014:10.2307/1220056
995:
994:
990:
981:
979:
977:plants.usda.gov
971:
970:
963:
953:
952:
937:
928:
926:
918:
917:
913:
904:
902:
894:
893:
889:
880:
878:
876:plants.usda.gov
870:
869:
862:
852:
850:
841:
840:
836:
826:
824:
815:Rhus copallinum
810:
809:
805:
795:
793:
784:Rhus copallinum
780:
779:
772:
762:
760:
756:
751:
750:
741:
731:
729:
720:Rhus copallinum
712:
711:
707:
687:
686:
682:
670:
668:
663:
662:
658:
648:
646:
638:
637:
633:
624:
620:
615:
606:Rhus copallinum
602:
594:Rhus copallinum
586:Rhus copallinum
578:Rhus copallinum
575:
567:Rhus copallinum
558:Rhus copallinum
554:
541:Rhus copallinum
517:Rhus copallinum
513:serpentine soil
509:Rhus copallinum
504:
483:Rhus copallinum
479:Rhus copallinum
476:
464:Rhus copallinum
456:Rhus copallinum
448:Rhus copallinum
440:Rhus copallinum
426:Rhus copallinum
423:
376:
353:flowering plant
349:flameleaf sumac
324:Rhus copallinum
295:
289:
287:Rhus copallinum
264:
257:
243:
238:
234:Rhus copallinum
232:
219:
105:
97:
88:
84:
77:
66:
62:
55:
36:Rhus copallinum
28:
27:Species of tree
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1881:
1879:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1825:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1810:wfo-0001049902
1801:
1791:
1781:
1768:
1755:
1742:
1729:
1716:
1703:
1690:
1677:
1667:
1654:
1641:
1628:
1615:
1602:
1589:
1576:
1566:
1553:
1540:
1527:
1517:
1507:
1492:
1476:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1453:(winged sumac)
1446:
1436:
1435:External links
1433:
1430:
1429:
1405:
1392:10.1086/380986
1365:
1346:(2): 160–167.
1330:
1308:
1284:
1243:
1224:(4): 408–409.
1199:
1177:
1170:
1152:
1145:
1124:
1119:Rhus copallina
1109:
1085:
1060:
1027:
988:
961:
935:
911:
887:
860:
834:
803:
770:
739:
705:
688:Linne (1753).
680:
656:
631:
617:
616:
614:
611:
601:
598:
574:
571:
553:
550:
521:Rhus copallium
503:
500:
475:
472:
468:British Museum
436:Rhus copallium
422:
419:
375:
372:
329:Rhus copallina
318:
317:
314:Rhus copallina
309:
308:
302:
301:
282:
281:
273:
272:
250:
249:
245:
244:
239:
228:
227:
221:
220:
213:
211:
207:
206:
199:
195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
179:
175:
174:
169:
162:
161:
156:
149:
148:
143:
136:
135:
130:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
99:
98:
82:
79:
78:
60:
57:
56:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
18:Rhus copallina
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1880:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1848:Trees of Cuba
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1792:
1788:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1369:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1320:
1312:
1309:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1173:
1171:0-394-50760-6
1167:
1163:
1156:
1153:
1148:
1146:0-394-50432-1
1142:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1113:
1110:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1086:
1073:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
992:
989:
978:
974:
968:
966:
962:
957:
950:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
936:
925:
921:
915:
912:
901:
897:
891:
888:
877:
873:
867:
865:
861:
848:
844:
838:
835:
822:
818:
816:
807:
804:
791:
787:
785:
777:
775:
771:
755:
748:
746:
744:
740:
727:
723:
721:
715:
709:
706:
701:
697:
693:
692:
684:
681:
677:
666:
660:
657:
645:
641:
635:
632:
628:
622:
619:
612:
610:
607:
599:
597:
595:
591:
590:R. copallinum
587:
583:
579:
572:
570:
568:
564:
559:
556:The fruit of
551:
549:
546:
542:
538:
536:
532:
527:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
501:
499:
496:
495:R. copallinum
492:
488:
487:R. copallinum
484:
480:
473:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
432:
427:
420:
418:
415:
411:
408:
406:
396:
388:
380:
373:
371:
369:
366:
362:
361:North America
358:
357:Anacardiaceae
354:
350:
346:
342:
341:shining sumac
338:
334:
330:
326:
325:
316:
315:
310:
307:
303:
299:
294:(green) &
293:
288:
283:
279:
274:
271:
267:
260:
256:
251:
246:
242:
237:
235:
229:
226:
225:Binomial name
222:
218:
217:
212:
209:
208:
205:
204:
200:
197:
196:
193:
192:Anacardiaceae
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
133:Tracheophytes
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
109:
104:
100:
94:
80:
74:
69:
68:Least Concern
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1471:
1450:
1442:
1421:. Retrieved
1417:
1408:
1386:(1): 53–63.
1383:
1379:
1375:
1368:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1311:
1300:. Retrieved
1296:
1287:
1260:
1256:
1246:
1221:
1217:
1190:. Retrieved
1180:
1161:
1155:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1112:
1101:. Retrieved
1097:
1088:
1076:. Retrieved
1052:. Retrieved
1048:
1005:
1001:
997:
991:
980:. Retrieved
976:
927:. Retrieved
924:www.ipni.org
923:
914:
903:. Retrieved
899:
890:
879:. Retrieved
875:
851:. Retrieved
846:
837:
825:. Retrieved
820:
814:
806:
794:. Retrieved
789:
783:
761:. Retrieved
730:. Retrieved
725:
719:
708:
690:
683:
675:
669:. Retrieved
659:
647:. Retrieved
643:
634:
621:
605:
603:
593:
589:
585:
577:
576:
566:
557:
555:
540:
539:
528:
525:
520:
516:
508:
505:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
477:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
429:
425:
424:
416:
412:
409:
401:
348:
344:
340:
337:winged sumac
336:
328:
323:
322:
321:
313:
312:
297:
291:
286:
265:
258:
254:
253:
233:
231:
215:
214:
202:
165:
152:
139:
126:
35:
29:
1738:tro-1300249
1694:NatureServe
1606:iNaturalist
1496:Wikispecies
1441:Bioimages:
582:germination
545:menorrhagia
374:Description
345:dwarf sumac
269:(Jacq.) DC.
146:Angiosperms
93:NatureServe
1827:Categories
1794:WisFlora:
1733:Plant List
1423:2023-12-01
1302:2023-11-12
1192:25 October
1103:2023-10-18
1078:25 October
1054:2023-11-12
1008:(4): 462.
982:2023-11-12
929:2023-12-05
905:2023-12-05
881:2023-12-05
853:1 December
827:1 December
796:1 December
763:13 October
732:21 October
714:USDA, NRCS
671:2014-10-01
613:References
563:gingivitis
537:(lemurs).
491:lanceolata
460:lanceolata
444:copallinum
438:including
363:. It is a
292:copallinum
248:Varieties
182:Sapindales
1663:144301905
1400:1058-5893
1352:0008-7475
1279:1934-578X
1238:0013-0001
1022:0040-0262
531:vitamin A
462:Gray and
452:latifolia
365:deciduous
298:latifolia
210:Species:
116:Kingdom:
1784:VASCAN:
1772:Tropicos
1699:2.139641
1637:10661911
1487:Q7245720
1481:Wikidata
1360:27742894
1340:Castanea
716:(n.d.).
450:L. var.
442:L. var.
421:Taxonomy
306:Synonyms
188:Family:
159:Eudicots
73:IUCN 3.1
1777:1300249
1681:MoBotPF
1624:70474-1
1585:3190554
454:Engl.,
405:flowers
335:), the
300:(blue)
198:Genus:
178:Order:
120:Plantae
91: (
89:Secure
71: (
1746:PLANTS
1725:731538
1686:275942
1650:504754
1611:126698
1572:rhucop
1569:FEIS:
1549:485570
1536:516349
1510:AoFP:
1398:
1358:
1350:
1277:
1236:
1168:
1143:
1020:
172:Rosids
1712:32258
1632:IRMNG
1598:31681
1562:RHUCO
1520:APA:
1356:JSTOR
1002:Taxon
757:(PDF)
649:5 May
552:Fruit
489:var.
458:var.
296:var.
290:var.
262:Engl.
166:Clade
153:Clade
140:Clade
127:Clade
1843:Rhus
1797:4796
1787:2519
1759:POWO
1751:RHCO
1707:NCBI
1658:IUCN
1645:ITIS
1619:IPNI
1593:GRIN
1580:GBIF
1557:EPPO
1531:BOLD
1513:3543
1396:ISSN
1348:ISSN
1275:ISSN
1234:ISSN
1194:2020
1166:ISBN
1141:ISBN
1080:2020
1018:ISSN
855:2023
829:2023
798:2023
765:2018
734:2015
651:2020
368:tree
203:Rhus
1805:WFO
1544:EoL
1523:303
1388:doi
1384:165
1319:doi
1265:doi
1226:doi
1010:doi
696:doi
347:or
1829::
1807::
1774::
1761::
1748::
1735::
1722::
1709::
1696::
1683::
1673:95
1660::
1647::
1634::
1621::
1608::
1595::
1582::
1559::
1546::
1533::
1498::
1483::
1416:.
1394:.
1382:.
1354:.
1344:74
1342:.
1295:.
1273:.
1259:.
1255:.
1232:.
1222:59
1220:.
1202:^
1096:.
1063:^
1047:.
1030:^
1016:.
1006:26
1004:.
975:.
964:^
938:^
922:.
898:.
874:.
863:^
845:.
819:.
788:.
773:^
742:^
724:.
694:.
674:.
642:.
470:.
446:,
343:,
339:,
241:L.
168::
155::
142::
129::
1426:.
1402:.
1390::
1362:.
1321::
1305:.
1281:.
1267::
1261:7
1240:.
1228::
1196:.
1174:.
1149:.
1117:"
1106:.
1082:.
1057:.
1024:.
1012::
985:.
932:.
908:.
884:.
857:.
831:.
817:"
800:.
786:"
782:"
767:.
736:.
722:"
718:"
702:.
698::
653:.
327:(
95:)
75:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
