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church) and teachers. Public lands were sold at supposedly public auctions, but actually reserved for friends of the government; many settlers were ejected from their lands, and the police, recruited from outsiders, committed all manner of assaults and other crimes against the citizenry. Ashamed, Duportal resigned and the province fell into the hands of Leónidas Echagüe, son of the former governor
Pascual Echagüe, who had none of the moral qualms of his predecessor.
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Sarmiento never declared that the national government would intervene in matters in Entre Ríos (an intervention the
Argentine congress was opposing) but instead issued a presidential decree on April 25 in which he declared war, as against an enemy country, and declared that López Jordán and those who accompanied him were "accused of rebellion". Three generals attacked Entre Ríos at the same time: Emilio Mitre disembarked at Gualeguaychú; Emilio Conesa, at Paraná; and
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the
Department of La Paz in Entre Ríos), after which many of López Jordán's partisans who had been taken prisoner (a colonel, the son of Genaro Berón de Astrada, a former governor of the Argentine province of Corrientes, among them) were shot. It was the end of the last Federalist adventure. On December 16, López Jordán fled toward Corrientes but, betrayed by a friend, he was subjected to governmental justice at Goya.
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231:. After the battle, Urquiza advanced toward Buenos Aires and signed the Treaty of San José de Flores, in which the dissident province of Buenos Aires strongly conditioned its reluctant reincorporation into the Argentine republic. In this moment, López Jordán began to doubt the firmness of his chief; the situation led inevitably toward a new confrontation.
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whose side they were to fight, they simply went home. López Jordán supported and cheered the desertions and was accused of having instigated it. When
Urquiza again tried to gather his army, this time at the encampment of Toledo, the men again deserted. In the end, only eight hundred citizens of Entre Rios went to war; and very few returned from it.
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in August of that year, he returned to his country and settled at Buenos Aires, whence he sought recommissioning into the
Argentine army. But on June 22, 1889, López Jordán was shot and killed in the street by the young Aurelio Casas, who had been told that López Jordán had ordered the murder of his
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In 1868, Urquiza lost the election for president of
Argentina but chosen by the provincial legislature in April of that year, again became governor of Entre Ríos, in spite of the popular support for López Jordán's candidacy. On July 31 of that same year, López Jordán and Justo Carmelo Urquiza, son of
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López Jordán made new plans, which included a revolution in the entire country with the support of Brazil. He again returned to his province on
November 25, 1876, but this time he had no support. On December 7, one of his detachments was annihilated by General Juan Ayala in combat at Alcaracito (in
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on
September 17 of that year. In the battle, López Jordán, Juan Saá, and Benjamín Virasoro completely defeated the cavalry of the city of Buenos Aires, while the Federalist infantry was repulsed. But Urquiza, without putting his whole army into action, retired with all his infantry, artillery, and
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who found himself living in
Paysandú as an exile. Young Ricardo Ramón López Jordán's uncle Francisco Ramírez, another political strongman, was also active in the life of the region. The father returned to Entre Ríos with his son in 1824 but in 1827 was again obliged to seek refuge in Uruguay. When,
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Urquiza ordered the mobilization of the forces of Entre Ríos at the encampment of
Basualdo, in the northern part of the province. Eight thousand men presented themselves there, but nearly all believed that they were to unite with the Paraguayans against the Brazilians. When the citizens learnt on
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Elections were held in Entre Ríos in his absence, but without Federalist candidates, who were barred, and with very few voters. The new governor, Emilio Duportal, threw all Federalists out of office, even out of the governmental positions of priests (the Roman Catholic Church being the established
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Three days later, the provincial legislature chose López Jordán as provisional governor of Entre Ríos, to complete Urquiza's term as governor. In his inaugural address, López Jordán supported the revolution and in passing scarcely mentioned that he had "deplored that . . . no other way might have
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Sarmiento, the Argentine president, treated the revolution in Entre Ríos and the murder of Urquiza as provocative acts against himself and on April 19, 1870, sent an "Army of Observation" to Entre Ríos. This force, composed of veterans of the war against Paraguay, posted itself at Gualeguaychú.
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Derqui promoted his two victorious military chiefs, Saá and López Jordán, to general on September 20, but the two generals were not able to defend him. López Jordán turned back to Entre Ríos, obeying Urquiza's order, and renounced his governmental and military duties. A little later, Derqui
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In 1864, López Jordán stood as a candidate to succeed Urquiza as governor of Entre Ríos, but Urquiza declared himself to be in favor of the candidacy of his nephew José María Domínguez, a man completely subordinated to his political leader and who, in the end, was elected.
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That revolution erupted on April 11, 1870. As a first step, a party of 50 men under the command of Simón Luengo penetrated San José palace with the object of seizing Urquiza; but he defended himself by shooting and ended up dead. That same day, in the city of
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The remains of Ricardo Ramón López Jordán were brought back to Entre Ríos in 1989 and temporarily deposited in the pantheon of the Pérez Colman family, in Paraná. On November 29, 1995, the remains were transferred to a mausoleum erected in Carbó square in
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In 1858, López Jordán made a brief incursion into Uruguay in order to protect the Uruguayan government from an invasion supported from Buenos Aires. That same year, he was elected deputy to the national legislature and moved to the city of
394:, in which Remington rifles made their first appearance among Argentine troops and ravaged the revolutionary ranks. On Christmas Day, December 25, 1873, López Jordán crossed the Uruguay River at the pass of Cupalén, exiling himself to
387:, offering a hundred thousand pesos for the head of López Jordán and ten thousand for that of Mariano Querencio, in addition to the sum of a thousand pesos for the head of each of the “authors of excesses committed for the revolution”.
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When Urquiza left the presidency of Argentina and resumed the governorship of Entre Ríos, he made López Jordán one of his ministers on May 1, 1860. During this time, López Jordán bought a ranch, Arroyo Grande, near the Uruguay River.
421:; during the course of three years, his trial was repeatedly postponed, until, disguised as a woman, he escaped from prison with the help of his wife, Dolores Puig, on August 12, 1879. On September 3, López Jordán sought asylum at
198:(it was in this city that Amadeo Gras painted López Jordán's portrait in oils). As a soldier in the "Great Army" that Urquiza formed, López Jordán took part in the victorious campaign that ended with Rosas's overthrow at the
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and managed to defeat a Colonel Galarza of the army of Entre Rios. The invaders then reached the outskirts of Concepción del Uruguay, where they were defeated by López Jordán's forces, principally comprising students at the
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father, Zenón Casas, a military captain (although the killing had actually been ordered by a Uruguayan military officer, Cornelio Oviedo, in May 1873). The Urquiza family then presented the sum of thirty-five thousand
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been found than that the illustrious víctim sacrificed himself." Later, López Jordán was sought to head a rebellion against the national government. He did not rebel and, indeed, he lacked the time in which to do so.
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López Jordán accompanied Urquiza in his campaign in Uruguay (where he fought in the battle of India Muerta) and in the campaign in the Argentine province of Corrientes (fighting in the battles of Laguna Limpia, against
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On November 21, 1852, after the revolution of September 11, the province of Buenos Aires invaded Entre Rios from two directions. The column under command of General Manuel Hornos landed at the river town of
337:, defeated national forces invading in support of a revolution in Corrientes even while rumors were circulating that López Jordán might start a rebellion against Urquiza in Entre Ríos.
305:"You call us to war against Paraguay. Never, General: these people are our friends. Call us to struggle against the people of Buenos Aires and against the Brazilians. We're ready.
115:" (Spanish for "leaders", or military or political strongmen) in the history of Argentina. He thrice rebelled against the government of Buenos Aires and was defeated in each attempt.
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In fact, Urquiza's province of Entre Ríos was the first so to disregard the national authority of the president and congress of the Confederation. See: Ruiz Moreno, Isidoro J.,
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A series of engagements followed, ending at last with the defeat of López Jordán in the Battle of Ñaembé in the province of Corrientes. He fled to Brazil with 1,500 supporters.
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López Jordán never forgave Urquiza for having retreated from Pavón and blamed Urquiza for the national government's remaining under the control of centralists from the city of
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reserves. All the Federalists thought that Urquiza had passed to the side of Buenos Aires, which is fairly certain: he appears to have come to a tacit accord with
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The war against Paraguay ended the following year; the cost to Argentina was more than ten thousand deaths. A few months later, at his lavish country seat,
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to free his father, the erstwhile governor of Entre Rios, who complied with his son's promise to Rosas that he would not involve himself in politics again.
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López Jordán returned to Entre Ríos on May 1, 1873. On the 28th, Sarmiento sent proposed legislation to the lower house of the national congress, the
256:, a future president of Argentina, to permit Urquiza to control his own province without interference while abandoning the Confederation to its fate.
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348:, whom the Federalists regarded as the chief of their enemies, the embodiment of all they opposed. López Jordán prepared himself for revolution.
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López Jordán stayed in voluntary exile at Montevideo, Uruguay, until the end of 1888, when, thanks to an amnesty decreed by Argentine president
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were destroyed without the leader of the Federalist party, Urquiza, doing a thing to aid them. He also saw how an invasion supported by the
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398:. The province of Entre Ríos was again subjected to rule by force, and the Federalist party was greatly weakened by hundreds of arrests.
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From his province in the years that followed, López Jordán observed how the Federalists in the western reaches of Argentina and in the
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overthrew the lawful president of Uruguay and how a Brazilian fleet destroyed his native city, Paysandú. Urquiza still did nothing.
202:, in which he fought as one of the commanders of the cavalry. He then returned to his post as commandant of Concepción del Uruguay.
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275:. But, for the moment, López Jordán did not make up his mind to take action: he still believed in Urquiza, even if less and less.
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301:. Urquiza called the people of Entre Rios to the war against Paraguay; López Jordán accompanied him but later told Urquiza that
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In 1867, a revolution organized by Juan Saá, Juan de Dios Videla, and Felipe Varela broke out in the Argentine provinces of
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At the end of 1841, as part of the continuing Argentine civil wars, López Jordán was brought into the army of the governor
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223:. He again took up his post as commandant of Concepción del Uruguay at the end of 1859 and took no part in the
131:, in August 1822, son of the Argentine general of the same name, a former governor of the Argentine province of
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167:; he was sent to Buenos Aires with news of Oribe's victory. López Jordán spent the following months convincing
140:) again to recover power in the province, he sent Ricardo to study at the Colegio San Ignacio in Buenos Aires.
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was dissolved. The following year, after nearly all the provincial governments had changed,
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on February 14, 1846, and Vences). In 1849, López Jordán was named military commandant of
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in the defense of his province against an invasion from the Argentine province of
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109:(1822–1889) was an Argentine soldier and politician, one of the last influential "
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194:, who with Rosas's support had for eight years besieged the Uruguayan capital,
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named López Jordán chief of one of the two cavalry columns that fought in
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On December 9, Generals Gainza and Vedia defeated López Jordán at the
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The war in Uruguay provoked a Paraguayan reaction which led to the
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583:. Memorial de la Patria, tomo XI, Ed. La Bastilla, Bs. As., 1984.
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in 1830, the father tried (with the support of fellow strongman
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After Urquiza's pronouncement against the Argentine dictator,
483:, Inst. Urquiza de Estudios Históricos, Bs. As., 2000.
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344:, Urquiza received the Argentine president,
579:, Ed. Emecé. Páez de la Torre, Carlos (h),
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329:was greater, and there were many arrests.
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555:Learn how and when to remove this message
518:This article includes a list of general
951:United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
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1067:Politicians assassinated in the 1880s
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639:Argentine Civil Wars (1814–76)
1047:Argentine people of Spanish descent
1052:Assassinated Argentine politicians
524:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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935:Pact of San José de Flores (1859)
1037:Uruguayan emigrants to Argentina
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493:, Ed. Plus Ultra, Bs. As., 1972.
463:, Ed. Plus Ultra, Bs. As., 1991.
260:resigned his own office and the
215:(secondary school) of the city.
991:Revolution of 11 September 1852
581:El derrumbe de la Confederación
1057:Deaths by firearm in Argentina
1001:Argentine Constitution of 1853
442:to the wife of Aurelio Casas.
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577:Campañas militares argentinas
481:Vida y muerte de López Jordán
243:In 1861, Argentine president
16:Argentine general (1822–1889)
1062:People murdered in Argentina
23:, the first or paternal
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956:League of the Free Peoples
925:Protocol of Palermo (1852)
794:Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
784:Gregorio Aráoz de Lamadrid
346:Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
107:Ricardo Ramón López Jordán
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754:Juan Martín de Pueyrredón
373:entered from Corrientes.
123:López Jordán was born in
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371:Juan Andrés Gelly y Obes
284:province of Buenos Aires
163:, against the forces of
976:Argentine Confederation
539:more precise citations.
364:The Jordanist Rebellion
268:was elected president.
262:Argentine Confederation
779:Juan Esteban Pedernera
749:Carlos María de Alvear
461:Historia de Entre Ríos
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280:province of Corrientes
181:Concepción del Uruguay
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354:Concordia, Entre Ríos
239:Enmity toward Urquiza
153:Justo José de Urquiza
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1032:People from Paysandú
986:Freemen of the South
915:Cañuelas Pact (1829)
910:Quadrilateral (1822)
859:Laguna Limpia (1846)
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711:Juan Manuel de Rosas
686:Juan Bautista Bustos
435:Miguel Juárez Celman
188:Juan Manuel de Rosas
169:Juan Manuel de Rosas
42:Ricardo López Jordán
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471:Urquiza y su tiempo
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59:
55:
51:
46:
39:
34:
30:
26:
22:
900:Pilar (1820)
874:Pavón (1861)
769:Juan Lavalle
759:José Rondeau
720:
671:Mariano Vera
588:
580:
576:
571:
551:
542:
523:
495:(in Spanish)
490:
485:(in Spanish)
480:
475:(in Spanish)
470:
465:(in Spanish)
460:
454:Bibliography
444:
432:
404:
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389:
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378:
375:
367:
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316:
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306:
304:
296:
292:
277:
273:Buenos Aires
270:
258:
242:
233:
217:
212:
208:Gualeguaychú
204:
192:Manuel Oribe
185:
173:
161:Manuel Oribe
150:
138:Juan Lavalle
122:
110:
106:
105:
79:Buenos Aires
32:
28:
21:Spanish name
1027:1889 deaths
1022:1822 births
789:Pedro Ferré
658:Federalists
537:introducing
425:, Uruguay.
423:Fray Bentos
92:Federalists
1016:Categories
741:Unitarians
545:April 2009
520:references
501:References
429:Later life
196:Montevideo
157:Corrientes
133:Entre Ríos
119:Beginnings
89:Allegiance
650:(leaders)
112:caudillos
83:Argentina
944:See also
893:Treaties
648:involved
596:Archived
335:caudillo
327:caudillo
323:La Rioja
125:Paysandú
100:Governor
63:Paysandú
19:In this
807:Battles
646:Parties
533:improve
419:Rosario
396:Uruguay
319:Mendoza
286:and by
213:Colegio
129:Uruguay
67:Uruguay
25:surname
522:, but
448:Paraná
417:, and
415:Paraná
288:Brazil
221:Paraná
33:Jordán
440:pesos
307:Those
29:López
411:Goya
333:the
321:and
97:Rank
76:1889
73:Died
60:1822
57:Born
27:is
1018::
450:.
413:,
409:,
81:,
65:,
631:e
624:t
617:v
558:)
552:(
547:)
543:(
529:.
473:.
35:.
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